CN110239764B - 生产密封的包裹材料的方法及相应的机器 - Google Patents

生产密封的包裹材料的方法及相应的机器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110239764B
CN110239764B CN201910173207.1A CN201910173207A CN110239764B CN 110239764 B CN110239764 B CN 110239764B CN 201910173207 A CN201910173207 A CN 201910173207A CN 110239764 B CN110239764 B CN 110239764B
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Prior art keywords
welding
wrapping material
thickness
pair
flaps
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CN110239764A (zh
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安东尼奥·卡波拉尔
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IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
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IMA Industria Macchine Automatiche SpA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/087Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/133Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/346Making joints having variable thicknesses in the joint area, e.g. by using jaws having an adapted configuration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B29C66/81435General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B29C66/8432Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849Packaging machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92441Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/92443Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile
    • B29C66/92445Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile by steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/954Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/06Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths
    • B65B11/38Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a combination of straight and curved paths
    • B65B11/40Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a combination of straight and curved paths to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents
    • B65B11/42Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a combination of straight and curved paths to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents and then to form closing folds of similar form at opposite ends of the tube
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/025Packaging cigarettes in webs of flexible sheet material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • B65B19/223Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers in a curved path; in a combination of straight and curved paths, e.g. on rotary tables or other endless conveyors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B65B51/225Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding by ultrasonic welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7879Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path
    • B29C65/7882Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path said parts to be joined moving in a circular path
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/73713General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented bi-axially or multi-axially
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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Abstract

本发明描述了生产密封的包裹材料(100)的方法和包装机器(10),该密封的包裹材料(100)围绕烟制品(101)的有序组密封地包裹,该烟制品(101)提供以通过超声焊接来焊接预包裹材料(105)的侧向翼片(110),该预包裹材料(105)即密封的包裹材料(100)前驱体的,其中每个侧向翼片(110)包括至少两个部分(110a、110b、110c),每个部分具有其自己的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc),该厚度与另一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)不同,因为这些部分通过重叠不同数量的折片(107、108、111、112、113)而形成。

Description

生产密封的包裹材料的方法及相应的机器
技术领域
本发明涉及密封地焊接围绕制品组包裹的包裹材料的侧向折片或翼片的方法。
本发明还涉及制造密封的包裹材料的方法和实现所述方法的包装机器。
特别地,该方法和机器可用于烟制品的包装领域,并且适用于例如生产具有焊接的侧向翼片的密封“角板”型包裹材料。
背景技术
烟制品传统上包装在以刚性或半刚性的包装中,在该包装内部,烟制品包裹在通常由锡箔制成的内部包裹材料中。
通常,增强插入件与内部包裹材料配合存在。
这种形式的包裹材料代表了在生产成本与保持烟制品中存在的烟草的芳香特性不变的需要之间的折衷解决方案。
为了更好地保持烟制品的质量,越来越感觉到需要获得密封的内部包裹材料,也就是说,用不允许空气通过的材料片材获得、适当地密封围绕包含在内的烟制品组的包裹材料。
本发明涉及已成为专利保护的主题的技术方案和操作方法。该专利保护涵盖在结构和功能上无法定义适用于所需目的的结果并处于所要求的条款中的方案。
特别地,相同的申请人的国际专利申请WO 2016/166141涉及能够生产围绕烟制品组的密封的包裹材料的包装机器。
在本文件中所描述的包装机器包括设有多个口袋的第一轮,每个口袋用于容纳烟制品组。第一轮具有双重功能,在将容纳制品的增强插入件与制品相关联后,围绕制品组设置包裹材料。
在第一轮的下游,包装机器包括第二轮,该第二轮包括多个抓取构件,每个抓取构件经构造以接收已部分形成在第一轮中的前述包裹材料,并在其上执行折片对的焊接步骤以形成第一翼片以及随后的折叠步骤,该第一翼片限定包裹材料的底部,该折叠步骤使翼片折叠抵靠包裹材料的其中一个壁。
在WO 2016/166141中所描述的包装机器还包括多个折叠站和多个焊接站,该折叠站和焊接站设置在第二轮的下游,以形成和折叠侧向翼片并适当地焊接侧向翼片,以关闭壳体并获得气密密封的壳体。
在每个焊接站中设有两对加热元件,每对加热元件对应于包装的其中一个纵向侧面而定位,使得待焊接的翼片插入在加热元件之间,该加热元件在待焊接的翼片上关闭以执行焊接。
在现有技术状态中已知的“角板”型包装中,每个侧向翼片具有可变的厚度,因为上文提及的包裹材料的各种折叠步骤导致:在包装的形成的纵向方向上一个接一个地设置的翼片的不同部分通过重叠不同数量的彼此折叠的包裹材料片层而形成。
例如,典型的构造提供的是,每个侧向翼片包括通过重叠六个层而形成的部分、随后是通过重叠两个层而形成的部分、依次随后是通过重叠四个层而形成的部分。
侧向翼片的可变的厚度是在侧向翼片的焊接操作期间可能造成各种缺点的因素。
事实上,很明显的是,用于制造保证获得气密包装的焊接的最佳参数随着待焊接的元件的厚度变化而变化。所述参数包括例如由加热元件施加在待焊接的元件上的压力以及压力施加在元件本身上的时间。
为了克服这缺点,在通过WO 2016/166141描述的技术方案中,提供三个焊接站以焊接侧向翼片,这三个焊接站沿着与形成的纵向方向平行的包装的出口路径一个接一个地相继设置。
第一焊接站执行预焊接步骤,其中形成侧向翼片的折片通过焊接点局部连接,然而该焊接点不能保证气密密封。特别地,在该预焊接步骤中,折片与仅由两个重叠层形成的最小厚度的部分相对应地连接。
第二焊接站有必要焊接形成的折片,该侧向翼片与由四个和/或六个重叠层形成的较厚部分相对应。
第三焊接站有必要正确地焊接最关键的区域。特别地,这些是与待焊接的厚度变化相对应的区域,即在由不同数量的层形成的部分之间的过渡区域中。
显然,这种已知方案的一个缺点在于,焊接站占据相当广阔的线性分段。因此,包括它们的包装机器具有显着的体积。
这种已知方案的另一个缺点在于,从能量角度来看它非常昂贵,因为需要为六对加热元件供电。
另一个缺点在于,当要制造具有不同厚度的侧向翼片的不同类型的密封包装时,该技术方案需要长而复杂的调整操作。
另一个缺点在于,该技术方案具有有限的生产率,因为不同站中的每个焊接操作都需要最小的施加压力时间,这使得不可能将焊接步骤中所使用的时间减少至超过某个最小阈值。
另一个缺点在于,该方案不适用于在待焊接的包装被连续供料的包装机器上。
用于气密密封包含烟制品或其他类型的离散产品(例如食品)的包装的其他方案在现有技术状态中也是已知的。这些方案的示例在专利申请号WO 2017/064616、EP1686060、DE 102015110387、WO 2017/093486、WO 2013/088401和WO 2013/088405中公开。
这些方案可以提供以使用密封条对或焊接辊对,其中每个杆或辊能够围绕各自的旋转轴旋转。包括在该对中的条或辊与一个或另一个配合,以便沿着焊接线焊接包装的封闭折片。特别地,WO 2017/064616、EP 1686060、WO 2013/088401和WO 2013/088405公开了用于焊接或热封包含物体(例如烟制品)的包装的至少一个翼片或折片的密封条对,而DE102015110387和WO 2017/093486各自公开了用于焊接待形成的一个包装的折片或翼片的焊接辊对。在后面的这些文件中,其中一个辊可以是超声波发生器,而另一个是用于进行超声波焊接的砧座。
另一个缺点在于,大多数的已知方案包括焊接元件,例如条或辊,它们是精密的构件,因为它们设有加热至高温的构件,这可能需要频繁的维护干预。
另一个缺点在于,即使这些已知方案也不能在待焊接的折片具有可变的厚度的情况下保证气密密封,例如因为它们由具有彼此不同的厚度的不同部分形成,如在上述情况中。
在如上所述的现有技术状态中已知的大多数方案的另一个缺点在于,在这些已知方案中的焊接元件包括被加热至高温的构件,这使得焊接站对操作者来说是危险的,如果他们意外地与加热构件接触可能受伤,特别是由于导致被加热的构件即使在机器关闭后仍保持高温一段时间的热惯性。
因此,需要完善密封地焊接包裹材料的方法和制造密封的包裹材料的方法以及相应的机器,其可以克服现有技术状态的至少一个缺点。
特别地,本发明的一个目的在于提供包装机器以及相关和连接的操作方法,用于以密封方式焊接密封包装的侧向翼片,特别是用于烟制品。
本发明的另一目的在于提供包装机器并完善相应的方法,包括能够根据侧向翼片的厚度在侧向翼片上施加可变的压力的焊接站。
本发明的另一目的在于提供包装机器并完善相应的方法,其中焊接站比在现有技术状态中的那些更加紧凑并更易于维护。
本发明的另一目的在于提供包装机器并完善相应的方法,其中焊接站不会导致机器的生产率降低。
本发明的另一目的在于提供包装机器并完善相应的方法,其中焊接站为操作者提供更高的安全性,将事故和伤害的风险减到最小。
本发明的另一目的在于提供包装机器并完善相应的方法,该包装机器是柔性的,因为它能够很容易地调整,很容易适应于待包装的包装的格式变化以及具有不同厚度的待焊接的侧向翼片的包裹材料。
申请人已经设计、测试并实施了本发明以克服现有技术状态的不足并获得这些和其他的目的和优点。
发明内容
本发明在独立权利要求中阐述并表征。从属权利要求描述了本发明的其他特征或主要发明构思的变体。
本发明的实施例涉及焊接角板型的预包裹材料的折叠的侧向翼片的方法,该预包裹材料是围绕烟制品的有序组形成的密封的包裹材料的前驱体。
根据本文所描述的实施例,每个侧向翼片包括至少两个部分,每个部分具有各自的厚度并通过重叠不同数量的折片而形成,使得一个部分的厚度不同于另一个部分的厚度。
在示例性的实施例中,每个侧向翼片包括通过重叠六个折片而形成的第一部分、通过重叠两个折片而形成的第二部分和通过重叠四个折片而形成的第三部分,所述部分被设置成相邻的并按顺序一个接一个。
根据本文所描述的实施例,朝纵向的进料方向进料预包裹材料,保持侧向翼片折叠,使得预包裹材料朝进料方向相继具有不同厚度的待焊接的部分。
根据本发明的特征方面,侧向翼片的焊接是超声焊接,通过焊接辊对而获得,该焊接辊对以与预包裹材料的进料相协调的方式旋转并设置在预包裹材料的一侧和另一侧上。根据本文所提供的实施例,超声焊接连续进行,同时预包裹材料继续朝进料方向移动,并且焊接辊中的至少一个被选择性地制成径向振动,以便至少根据朝进料方向逐渐地进料的部分的不同厚度,在侧向翼片上施加可变的压力。
在一个实施例中,提供的是,通过修改焊接辊中的至少一个的振动频率和振幅来调节焊接能量。
根据本文所描述的实施例,由于致动器元件(例如被构造为气缸),焊接辊保持往复接触,该致动器元件允许改变焊接辊之间的接触压力。这有利地允许改变焊接辊施加在侧向翼片上的焊接压力。
根据一些实施例,提供的是,当预包裹材料在焊接辊之间通过时相对于待焊接的部分的厚度修改预包裹材料的进料速度,使得进料速度至少与所述部分的厚度相协调。
在一个实施例中,应该注意的是,提供以修改包裹材料的进料速度,使得进料速度与所述部分的厚度成反比。
根据一些实施例,提供的是,根据其它因素(例如侧向翼片中褶皱或其他缺陷的存在、不同部分之间厚度不一致等等)修改预包裹材料的进料速度。
在一些实施例中,提供的是,根据预包裹材料的进料速度和/或作为待焊接的部分的厚度来修改辊对的旋转速度,使得辊对的旋转速度与预包裹材料的进料速度相关,并且与所述部分的厚度相协调。
根据一些实施例,提供的是,连续地保持上辊与各自的下辊接触,所述上辊和下辊耦合以形成所述辊对中的一个。
在优选的实施例中,辊对彼此独立地驱动,被提供以使辊对的运行同步,以便获得两个侧向翼片的均匀焊接。
在一些实施例中,提供的是,使焊接辊中的至少一个以包括在10和50kHz之间的振动频率振动。
根据一些实施例,提供的是,甚至在相同的焊接周期期间修改辊的旋转速度。
例如,在一种形式中,辊的旋转速度根据预包裹材料的进料速度而变化,使得它与待焊接的部分的厚度成反比。
在替换的实施例中,提供的是,保持辊的速度恒定。
根据一些实施例,辊对的旋转确定了预包裹材料的进料。
本发明的其他方面涉及生产密封的包裹材料的方法以及执行该方法的包装机器。
特别地,根据本发明的方法和机器可有利地用于制造围绕烟制品的有序组的密封的包裹材料,该包裹材料具有折叠、焊接的角板型侧向翼片。
在第一步骤中,该方法提供以围绕烟制品组形成预包裹材料,该预包裹材料是所述密封的包裹材料的前驱体。在一个实施例中,通过举例的方式给出,预包裹材料是以U型围绕烟制品。
随后,该方法提供以折叠包括在预包裹材料中的多个折片,以获得在角板中折叠的两个侧向翼片,每个侧向翼片包括至少两个部分,每个部分具有各自的厚度,不同于其他部分的厚度。
随后,提供的是,使预包裹材料朝焊接站沿进料方向移动。
在一个实施例中,进料方向是线性的并平行于密封的包裹材料的纵向的延伸方向而延伸,烟制品设置在该密封的包裹材料中。
因此,根据上述的焊接方法,制造密封的包裹材料的方法包括侧向翼片的焊接步骤。
在一个实施例中,在单个折叠站中执行提供以折叠多个折片的步骤,该单个折叠站包括在传递输送机中,该传递输送机经构造以运输预包裹材料,其中折叠站是预包裹材料从传递输送机离开的站。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供的包装机器能够制造角板型的密封的包裹材料,该密封的包裹材料围绕烟制品的有序组密封地包裹。
根据本发明的包装机器包括折叠装置,该折叠装置经构造以执行包括在预包裹材料中的折片的所有折叠操作,该预包裹材料是密封的包裹材料的前驱体,以生产在角板中折叠的侧向翼片。特别地,每个侧向翼片包括至少两个部分,每个部分具有各自的厚度,不同于其他部分的厚度,因为通过重叠不同数量的所述折片而形成。
包装机器还包括线性运输装置和焊接装置,该线性运输装置经构造以使预包裹材料朝焊接站沿进料方向移动,该焊接装置经构造以在焊接站中焊接侧向翼片,同时预包裹材料朝进料方向移动。
根据本发明的特征方面,包装机器包括第一焊接辊对和第二焊接辊对,以焊接各自的侧向翼片,每对包括上辊和下辊。
根据本发明的另一特征方面,包装机器包括振动产生装置,该振动产生装置与上辊或下辊中的至少一个相关联,以使辊振动,使得所述辊对根据所述部分的不同厚度,能够在侧向翼片上施加可变的压力。
在一个实施例中,提供的是,在现有技术状态中已知的类型的合适装置与所述上辊或所述下辊中的至少一个相关联,能够在包括在10和50kHz之间的范围内修改辊的振动的频率和/或振幅。
在一个实施例中,提供至少一个致动器元件(例如被构造为气缸),该致动器元件与上辊或下辊中的至少一个或两者选择性地相关联,以改变辊之间的接触压力,以便从而改变焊接辊施加在侧向翼片上的焊接压力。
根据一些实施例,运输装置包括线性输送带,该线性输送带经构造以使预包裹材料朝进料方向线性地移动,该进料方向平行于密封的包裹材料的纵向的延伸方向,烟制品设置在该密封的包裹材料中。
在一个实施例中,每个辊对由各自的驱动装置驱动,使得两个辊对彼此独立地驱动。
有利地,根据本发明的方法和包装机器允许密封预包裹材料,以便保证气密密封,即使在侧向翼片由具有不同厚度的多个部分形成的情况下也是如此。
通过根据本发明的方法和包装机器能够获得的另一优点在于,通过施加与形成侧向翼片的不同部分的厚度成比例的压力来焊接侧向翼片。
这允许以最佳的压力密封侧向翼片,由此有可能在不损坏材料的情况下连接形成不同部分的折片。此外,由于本发明,侧向翼片不与高温构件接触,以便防止侧向翼片因与过高温度的构件接触而受损。
相反,在现有技术状态中,由于在焊接期间过高的压力和/或温度对材料的意外损坏可能导致局部裂缝和裂纹,特别是在两部分不同厚度的两个部分之间的过渡区域中,这使得包裹材料的内部与外界连通,破坏其气密密封。
根据本发明的方法和包装机器的优点在于,它们允许保持包装机器的高生产率,因为有可能达到侧向翼片的焊接操作的周期时间,该周期时间远远短于已知类型的机器中的焊接周期所需的时间。此外,有利地,密封的包裹材料在焊接步骤期间继续前进,进一步减少了该操作的次数。
根据本发明的方法和机器的优点在于,它们非常灵活,因为它们允许快速设置或修改焊接站的配置和操作参数。例如,由于有可能根据构成待焊接的侧向翼片的不同部分的厚度来修改辊之间的接触压力和/或线性运输装置的进料速度和/或辊的振动的频率和/或振幅及其旋转速度的事实,显然包装机器和方法提供了很大的灵活性。
根据本发明的方法和包装机器的另一优点在于,例如由于待生产的密封的包裹材料的格式改变,当需要修改其配置和/或操作参数时,它们不需要焊接站的长而复杂的设置操作。
本发明的另一优点在于,与现有技术状态中已知的类似机器相比,本发明提供了更紧凑的包装机器,因为与那些已知的方案相比,焊接站具有小得多的体积。
根据本发明的方法和包装机器的另一优点在于,它们使用侧向翼片的焊接技术,该焊接技术需要较少的能量来供给焊接装置,从而持续地节省。
根据本发明的方法和包装机器的另一优点在于,它们为操作者提供了更高的安全性,因为焊接站不包括加热至高温的任何焊接构件。实际上,超声焊接意味着焊接构件保持“冷”,使得操作者不会在机器不工作时由于意外接触辊而受伤。在已知的方案中,实际上可能发生操作者在关闭机器之后通过触摸焊接构件而意外地伤害自己,因为焊接构件在关闭之后由于固有的热惯性会在高温下保持一段时间。
另一优点在于,根据本发明的方法和包装机器既能够用于连续运行,也能够用于步进索引运行,这允许它们适应于所需的不同操作模式。
参照以下描述、附图和所附权利要求,将更好地理解本公开内容的这些和其他方面、特征和优点。经整合并形成本说明书一部分的附图示出了本发明的一些实施例,并且与说明书一起旨在描述本公开内容的原理。
本说明书中所描述的各个方面和特征能够在可能的情况下单独地应用。这些单独的方面,例如在所附从属权利要求中所描述的方面和特征,可以是分案申请的对象。
应当理解,在专利申请过程中发现的准备已知的任何方面或特征都不应被要求保护,并且应是放弃保护的对象。
附图说明
本发明的这些和其他特征将从参照附图作为非限制性示例给出的一些实施例的以下描述中变得显而易见,其中:
图1是根据本发明的一些实施例的包装机器的一部分的示意性立体图;
图1a和图1b是立体示意图,示出了在预包裹材料上的连续折叠操作的顺序,该预包裹材料能够通过根据本发明的包装机器进行处理;
图2是包括在图1的包装机器中的焊接站的正面局部示意性立体图;
图3是图2的焊接站的侧向局部示意性正视图;
图4是在操作状态下所示的焊接站的细节的示意性放大侧向正视图;
图4a是图4的放大细节;
图5是包括在图2的焊接站中的放大细节的立体图,其与焊接站本身的后视立体图隔离。
为了便于理解,在可能的情况下,使用相同的附图标记来标识附图中的相同的共同元件。应当理解,一个实施例的元件和特征可以方便地结合至其他实施例中而无需进一步澄清。
具体实施方式
现在我们将详细参照本发明的各种实施例,其中一个或多个示例在附图中示出。每个示例都是以说明本发明的方式提供的,不应理解为对本发明的限制。例如,由于所示出或描述的特征是一个实施例的一部分,因此它们可以在其他实施例上采用或与其他实施例相关联,以产生另一个实施例。应该理解,本发明应包括所有这些修改和变体。
本文参照附图所描述的实施例涉及适合于制造用于烟制品101的密封的包裹材料100的包装机器10。应当注意,在附图中仅可看到包装机器10的一部分。
密封的包裹材料100由包裹材料片103制成,适当地成形并预切割。
在一个实施例中,包裹材料片103能够由适合于热封并用作屏障的材料制成,以便获得密封的壳体。例如,该材料可以是基于热塑性聚合物的多层层压膜,例如具有一个或多个屏障层的多层膜。可能的热塑性材料可以是例如双向的聚丙烯(BOPP)。阻挡层可以是例如铝。可能的多层结构可以由BOPP/铝/BOPP组成。
包装机器10包括多个工作站,其中提供以使烟制品101的有序组和可能的增强插入件104与包裹材料片103相关联,并且使包装材料片103形成围绕烟制品的有序组的包裹材料片103,以便形成预包裹材料105。
在一个实施例中,预包裹材料105大体上成形为平行六面体,并且在其内部包含烟制品101的有序组,并且可能包含增强插入件104。
如图1中所示,包装机器10包括轮11,轮11在其周边设有多个抓取构件12,每个抓取构件12用于接收预包裹材料105。
在一个实施例中,轮11设置在大体上水平的平面上,以围绕垂直旋转轴Y逐步旋转。
对应于不同的预定角度位置,设有设置在预包裹材料105(未示出)的入口站之间的多个工作站,其中预包裹材料105被输送至抓取构件12和出口站,与预包裹材料105离开轮11相对应。
根据一些实施例,在入口站中,预包裹材料105已经包裹成围绕烟制品101组的U形,烟制品101可能反过来至少部分地由增强元件104包含。
根据一些实施例,可以设有附加轮(未示出),该附加轮设置在轮11的上游、经构造以将烟制品101的有序组和可能增强插入件104与包裹材料片103相关联,并将包裹材料片103成形为围绕烟制品101的U形。包括附加轮的包装机器的配置的一个示例由本申请人的国际专利申请WO 2016/166141描述,其通过引用的方式并入本文。
第二轮11通过旋转将抓取构件12从入口站带到第一工作站13,随后到折叠站14,该折叠站14限定预包裹材料105从第二轮11的出口站。
根据一些实施例,抓取构件12具有固定的基平面15和弹性地压在预包裹材料105上的上平面16,以便将包含在其中的部件保持就位。
根据一些实施例,第一工作站13设有上焊接设备17和下焊接设备18的一对焊接设备17、18,这对焊接设备17、18作用在预包裹材料105上,以便形成横向边缘106,也称为“底翼片”,其在图1中在上焊接设备17下方形成。
在所示的情况下,上焊接设备17可以是固定的,而下焊接设备18可以在下降位置(如图所示)和升高位置(未示出)之间垂直移动,如箭头F1所示,其中下焊接设备18邻接上焊接设备17。在提升移动期间,下焊接设备18垂直地设置包裹材料片103的下自由折片107,以便与烟制品101的一端接触并且在上自由折片108上方重叠其端部,以形成底翼片106。
在折叠站14中,完成包装材料片103的所有折叠,以使“朝向翼片110”折叠成“角板”,以便获得准备进行后续密封操作的预包裹材料105。
根据一些实施例,凸轮29可以设置在第一工作站13和折叠站14之间,凸轮29经构造以干扰已经在第一工作站13中焊接的底翼片106,在其朝向折叠站14转移期间,并将其提升到所需的位置。
在折叠站14中,折叠设备包括以专门的成对来组织的多个折叠构件20、21、22、23,每对适于在预包裹材料105上进行特定折叠,如下面参照图1a和图1b所解释的。
折叠设备包括一对前折叠件20和一对后折叠件21,分别经构造以折叠侧向折片112、111的部分,该侧向折片112、111从增强插入件104(s在图1a和图1b中由虚线示出)朝横向方向侧向地突出,使它们粘附在后者的侧壁上。
特别地,前折叠件20沿图1a中由箭头D1表示的方向作用在侧向折片112上,而后折叠件21沿图1a中由箭头D2表示的方向作用在侧向折片111上。
有利地,根据可能的方案,折叠设备还包括一对上折叠件22,这对上折叠件经构造以如图1b中由箭头D3表示的作用,以便将先前在第一工作站13中焊接的底翼片106折叠约180°。
折叠设备还包括两对侧向折叠件23,每对由上侧向折叠件23a和下侧向折叠件23b组成,经构造以抵抗包裹材料片103的纵向侧向折片113并制造侧向翼片或折片110,纵向侧向折片113突出增强插入件104的侧壁。
侧向折叠件23随后在由箭头D4表示的方向上相对于前折叠件20和后折叠件21干涉,并且倾向于根据相互接触的倾斜配置取纵向侧向折片113。
根据一些实施例,上侧向折叠件23a和下侧向折叠件23b倾斜设置和/或适当地以成角度的方式成形。
根据一些实施例,前折叠件20和/或后折叠件21有利地在区域中具有大体上三角形的形状,这有助于折叠。
在一个实施例中,与最终折叠站14相对应,提供例如通过未示出的提取器构件从各自的抓取构件12提取由此形成的预包裹材料105。
然后预包裹材料105借助于线性输送带26从最终折叠站14传递至焊接站25。
焊接站25经构造以稳定侧向翼片110的连接,也使底翼片106与侧向翼片110成为一体,以便获得密封的包裹材料100。
在优选的实施例中,从折叠站14到焊接站25的预包裹材料105遵循大体上线性的路径P。
在一个实施例中,折叠站14和焊接站25之间设有中间引导站27,中间引导站27保持侧向翼片110折叠在由折叠站14限定的所需位置,并且还允许更好地限定限定侧向翼片110的纵向折叠。
中间引导站27包括引导构件28,引导构件28经构造以使侧向翼片110彼此靠近并且还将它们定位成粘附至增强插入件104。
根据一些实施例,引导构件28能够包括槽,该槽可选地在入口方向上设有喇叭形或展开部分,能够限定引入部分以便于引入预包裹材料105的侧向翼片110。
在图2和图3中更好地可见的焊接站25包括第一焊接辊对30和第二焊接辊对31,每一焊接辊对30、31旨在与各自的侧向翼片110相互作用。
每个焊接辊对30、31包括相互配合以密封各自的侧向翼片110的上焊接辊30a、31a和下焊接辊30b、31b。
根据一些实施例,焊接站25包括伺服电动机32以驱动辊。
在一个实施例中,为每个焊接辊对30、31提供伺服电动机32,以便每个焊接辊对30、31彼此独立地驱动。
在一个实施例中,伺服电动机32与承载下焊接辊30b、31b的下轴33同轴设置。
根据一些实施例,提供运动传输机构34,运动传输机构34将旋转移动从伺服电动机32传输到上焊接辊30a、31a。
在一个实施例中,运动传输机构34包括一对齿轮34a、34b,这对齿轮34a、34b被构造成具有螺旋齿的圆柱形齿轮。
根据一些实施例,焊接站25包括在现有技术状态中已知类型的振动产生设备35,因此本文不再详细描述。
在一个实施例中,振动产生设备35与上焊接辊30a、31a可操作地相关联并与上轴36同轴,上焊接辊30a、31a安装在上轴36上。
在一个实施例中,振动产生设备35包括转换器构件37,转换器构件37经构造以将振动的主要方向从轴向转换为径向。
特别地,转换器构件37能够将平行于轴向方向A振动的振动元件的振动转换为主要根据径向方向R振动的上焊接辊30a、31a的振动。
在一些实施例中,振动产生设备35经构造以产生10至50kHz之间的高频振动。
因此,上焊接辊30a、31a限定了超声波发生器,也称为喇叭,能够与与其耦合的下焊接辊30b、31b配合密封侧向翼片110。
上焊接辊30a、31a、下焊接辊30b、31b包括由辊的侧表面限定的作用表面38。
在使用期间,一个上焊接辊30a、31a的作用表面38大体上总是保持与相应的下焊接辊30b、31b的作用表面38接触,以便在径向方向上也将振动移动传输至后者。
在一个实施例中,作用表面38,特别是下焊接辊30b、31b的作用表面38,可以包括多个交替的脊部和凹部39,如图3中能够看到的。这种构造是有利的,因为它有利于密封过程,限定了保证优秀密封的更清洁的焊接线。
在一个实施例中,焊接站25可以包括调整机构40,调整机构40允许调整耦合的辊的接触压力,以便因此修改焊接辊对30、31施加在侧向翼片110上的焊接压力。
在一个实施例中,调整机构包括气缸40,气缸40可操作地与形成焊接辊对30、31的焊接辊都相关联,即,既到上焊接辊30a、31a中的每一个,也到下焊接辊30b、31b中的每一个。
在现有技术状态中已知类型的气缸40通过连接件41连接至压缩空气源,并且还设有合适的连接装置42,连接装置42经构造以将由缸产生的力传递到与其相关联的辊上。
在替代的实施例中,调整机构40可以仅与上焊接辊30a、31a相关联,或仅与下焊接辊30b、31b相关联。根据一些实施例,焊接站包括调整焊接辊对30、31的旋转速度的装置(未示出,在现有技术状态中已知类型的),该装置允许根据所期望的运动定律改变焊接辊对30、31的速度。
在一种形式中,提供的是朝线性进料方向P连续地并以恒定进料速率进给预包裹材料105,线性进料方向P平行于密封的包裹材料100的纵向的延伸方向X,还提供以使焊接辊对30、31以恒定旋转速度旋转。
在替代地形式中,提供的是朝线性进料方向P以步进索引方式进给预包裹材料105,并因此焊接辊对30、31以与预包裹材料105相关的运动定律旋转,该运动定律通常包括加速步骤、减速步骤和停止步骤。
特别参照图4和图4a,示意性地示出了预包裹材料105(在辊31a、31b的右侧)和通过气密密封侧向翼片110而获得的密封的包裹材料100(在辊31a、31b的左侧),预包裹材料105朝焊接站25沿进料方向P前进。
应当注意,在这些附图中,形状为圆周弧的圆形虚线示意性地表示上焊接辊31a、下焊接辊31b在给定时刻的轮廓,因为由于辊本身的高频振动,它们的轮廓随时间移动。
在这些附图中,构成侧向翼片的不同部分的厚度已经显示为相当大的放大,折片夸张地彼此远离,以便于理解。显然,在实际尺度表示中,不同部分的不同厚度对于肉眼大体上不可见。
每个侧向翼片110包括具有第一厚度S的a第一部分110、具有第二厚度Sb的第二部分110b和具有第三厚度Sc的第三部分110c。第一部分110a、第二部分110b和第三部分110c被设置成彼此相邻并按顺序一个接一个。
在所示出的实施例中,第一厚度Sa是侧向翼片110的最大厚度,第二厚度Sb是侧向翼片110的最小厚度,第三厚度Sc是大于第二厚度Sb并小于第一厚度Sa的中间厚度。
参照图1a和图1b的先前的描述,第二部分110b通过重叠两个层而形成,也就是说,通过重叠两个侧向折片113而形成。
第一部分110a和第二部分110b分别通过重叠六个层和四个层而形成。
部分110a、110b都通过重叠相同的四个层而形成,如下文将描述。此外,第一部分110a包括另外两层,即连接在一起以形成底翼片106的下部自由折片107和上部自由折片108。
由于前折叠件20和后折叠件21的作用,获得四个层的重叠,通过分别将侧向折片111、112折叠抵靠增强插入件104,前折叠件20和后折叠件21导致折片111、112的部分重叠各自的纵向侧向折片113,从而获得通过重叠四个层而形成的区域,两个两个地相关联。
显然,可以对如前所述的方法和机器进行部件的修改和/或添加,而不脱离本发明的领域和范围。
同样清楚的是,尽管已经参照一些具体示例来描述本发明,但是本领域技术人员当然应该能够实现许多其他等同形式、具有权利要求中所述的特征的方法和机器。因此,所有这些都属于由此限定的保护领域内。
在以下权利要求中,括号中引用的唯一目的是便于阅读:它们不应被视为关于特定权利要求中所要求保护的保护领域的限制因素。

Claims (18)

1.焊接折叠成角板的侧向翼片(110)的方法,其中,在所述焊接之前,所述方法包括形成包括所述侧向翼片(110)的预包裹材料(105),并且折叠包括在所述预包裹材料(105)中的多个折片(107、108、111、112、113),以使所述侧向翼片(110)折叠成角板,该预包裹材料(105)是围绕烟制品(101)的有序组的角板型的密封的包裹材料(100)的前驱体,每个所述侧向翼片(110)包括至少两个部分(110a、110b、110c),每个部分具有各自的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)并通过重叠不同数量的所述折片(107、108、111、112、113)而形成,使得一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度不同于另一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc),所述预包裹材料(105)朝纵向的进料方向(P)前进,保持所述预包裹材料(105)的所述侧向翼片(110)折叠,使得所述预包裹材料(105)朝所述进料方向(P)相继具有待焊接的、具有不同的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)的部分(110a、110b、110c),其特征在于,侧向翼片(110)的焊接是超声焊接,通过焊接辊对(30、31)而获得,该焊接辊对(30、31)与所述预包裹材料(105)的进料协调地旋转并设置在所述预包裹材料(105)的一侧和另一侧上,所述焊接辊对(30、31)包括上焊接辊(30a、31a)和下焊接辊(30b、31b),其中所述超声焊接连续进行,同时所述预包裹材料(105)继续朝所述进料方向(P)移动,其中所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)和所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)中的至少一个被选择性地制成径向振动,以便根据朝所述进料方向(P)逐渐地进料的部分(110a、110b、110c)的不同厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc),在所述侧向翼片(110)上施加可变的压力。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法提供以调整所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)和所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)之间的接触压力,以便调整由所述焊接辊对(30、31)施加在所述侧向翼片(110)上的焊接压力。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法提供以修改所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)和所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)中的至少一个的振动的频率和/或振幅。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法提供以当预包裹材料(105)在所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)和所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)之间穿过时,相对于待焊接的部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)修改所述预包裹材料(105)的进料速度,使得进料速度与所述部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)相协调。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法提供以修改所述预包裹材料(105)的进料速度,使得该进料速度与所述部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)成反比。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法提供以根据所述预包裹材料(105)的进料速度和/或根据待焊接的所述部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)来修改所述焊接辊对(30、31)的旋转速度,使得所述焊接辊对(30、31)的旋转速度与所述预包裹材料(105)的进料速度相关,并且与所述部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)相协调。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述焊接辊对(30、31)的旋转期间,该方法被提供以保持上焊接辊(30a、31a)中的一个连续地与各自的下焊接辊(30b、31b)接触,上焊接辊(30a、31a)和下焊接辊(30b、31b)耦合以便形成焊接辊对(30、31)。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述焊接辊对(30、31)彼此独立地驱动,以使所述焊接辊对(30、31)的运行同步,以便获得所述侧向翼片(110)的均匀焊接。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在焊接期间,该方法被提供以使所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)中的至少一个以包括在10和50kHz之间的频率振动。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法被提供以通过驱动装置(42)驱动包括在所述焊接辊对(30、31)中的下焊接辊(30b、31b)中的一个旋转,并通过运动传输装置(34)将旋转传输至配对的上焊接辊(30a、31a)。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述焊接辊对(30、31)的旋转确定所述预包裹材料(105)的进料。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述部分(110a、110b、110c)包括具有最大厚度(Sa)的第一部分(110a)、具有最小厚度(Sb)的第二部分(110b)和具有在所述最大厚度(Sa)和所述最小厚度(Sb)之间的中间厚度(Sc)的第三部分(110c),所述第一部分、第二部分和第三部分(110a、110b、110c)被设置成相邻的并按顺序一个接一个。
13.围绕烟制品(101)的有序组用角板型的折叠的焊接侧向翼片制造密封的包裹材料(100)的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
形成预包裹材料(105),该预包裹材料(105)是围绕所述烟制品(101)的有序组的所述密封的包裹材料(100)的前驱体;
折叠包括在所述预包裹材料(105)中的多个折片(107、108、111、112、113),以便制造折叠在角板中的两个侧向翼片(110),每个所述侧向翼片(110)包括至少两个部分(110a、110b、110c),每个部分具有各自的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)并通过重叠不同数量的所述折片(107、108、111、112、113)而形成,使得一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度不同于另一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc);
使所述预包裹材料(105)朝焊接站(25)沿纵向的进料方向(P)移动,保持所述预包裹材料(105)的所述侧向翼片(110)折叠,使得所述预包裹材料(105)朝所述进料方向(P)相继具有待焊接的、具有不同厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)的部分(110a、110b、110c);
根据如任一项在前权利要求所述的方法在所述焊接站(25)中焊接所述侧向翼片(110)。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述多个折片(107、108、111、112、113)的折叠在单个折叠站(14)中进行,该单个折叠站(14)包括在传递输送机(11)中,该传递输送机(11)经构造以运输所述预包裹材料(105),所述折叠站(14)是所述预包裹材料(105)从所述传递输送机(11)的离开站,所述进料方向(P)从所述传递输送机(11)径向偏离。
15.制造角板型的密封的包裹材料(100)的包装机器,该密封的包裹材料(100)围绕烟制品(101)的有序组密封地包裹,该包装机器包括:
折叠装置(20、21、22、23),该折叠装置(20、21、22、23)经构造以执行折叠包括在预包裹材料(105)中的折片(107、108、111、112、113)的所有操作,该预包裹材料(105)是所述密封的包裹材料(100)的前驱体,以便使两个侧向翼片(110)在角板中折叠,每个所述侧向翼片(110)包括至少两个部分(110a、110b、110c),每个部分具有各自的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc)并通过重叠不同数量的所述折片(107、108、111、112、113)而形成,使得一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度不同于另一个部分(110a、110b、110c)的厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc);
线性运输装置(26),该线性运输装置(26)经构造以使所述预包裹材料(105)朝焊接站(25)沿进料方向(P)移动;
焊接装置,该焊接装置经构造以在所述焊接站(25)中焊接所述侧向翼片(110),同时所述预包裹材料(105)朝所述进料方向(P)移动;
所述机器的特征在于,所述焊接装置包括第一焊接辊对(30)和第二焊接辊对(31),该第一焊接辊对(30)和第二焊接辊对(31)设置在相对于所述预包裹材料(105)的一侧和另一侧上,以便焊接各自的侧向翼片(110),每对所述焊接辊对(30、31)包括相互配合的上焊接辊(30a、31a)和下焊接辊(30b、31b),以便焊接各自的侧向翼片(110),并且在于,该包装机器还包括振动产生装置(35),该振动产生装置(35)与所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)或所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)中的至少一个相关联,以便使所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)或所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)径向振动,使得所述焊接辊对(30、31)能够根据所述部分(110a、110b、110c)的不同厚度(Sa、Sb、Sc),在所述侧向翼片(110)上施加可变的压力。
16.如权利要求15所述的机器,其特征在于,调整机构(40)与所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)或所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)中的至少一个相关联,该调整机构(40)允许修改所述上焊接辊(30a、31a)和所述下焊接辊(30b、31b)之间的接触压力。
17.如权利要求15或16所述的机器,其特征在于,所述线性运输装置(26)包括输送带,该输送带经构造以使所述预包裹材料(105)朝所述进料方向(P)线性移动,该进料方向(P)平行于所述密封的包裹材料(100)的纵向的延伸方向(X),所述烟制品(101)设置在该密封的包裹材料(100)中。
18.如权利要求15所述的机器,其特征在于,所述焊接辊对(30、31)包括作用表面(38),该作用表面(38)经构造以与所述侧向翼片(110)相互作用,所述作用表面(38)包括相互交替的多个脊部和凹部(39)。
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