CN110235623A - A kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method - Google Patents
A kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of citruses without native grafting seedlings-growing method, is related to citrus seedling-raising technique field, comprising the following steps: Root-stock selection, seed treatment, sowing, grafting, definite value.The present invention effectively solves pollution and pest and disease damage harm common in the cultivation of citrus conventional soil, obtains good disease-free citrus seedling, reduces virosis, improve the nutrient quality and the market competitiveness of citrus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to citrus seedling-raising technique fields, and in particular to a kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method.
Background technique
China is one of important source area of citrus, and citrus is resourceful, and excellent variety is various, there is cultivation in more than 4000 years
History.Citrus is full of nutrition, in every hectogram orange pulp, containing 0.9 gram of protein, and 0.1 gram of fat, 12.8 grams of carbohydrate,
0.4 gram of crude fibre, 56 milligrams of calcium, 15 milligrams of phosphorus, 0.2 milligram of iron, 0.55 milligram of carrotene, 0.08 milligram of vitamin B content,
0.3 milligram of vitamin B2 content, 0.3 milligram of niacin, 34 milligrams of Determination of Vitamin C and orange peel glucoside, citric acid, malic acid, Chinese holly
The nutriments such as rafter acid, have beauty, eliminate tired, aid digestion, reducing blood lipid and cholesterol, go scar smoothing wrinkle and other effects.
Citrus is perennial fruit tree, mostly based on vegetative propagation, during its long-term vegetative propagation, and accumulation infection
A variety of virus type diseases are subject to pest and disease damage harm, cause yield to reduce, quality variation, influence the health hair of Citrus Industry
Exhibition, seriously affects the income of farmer.Therefore it provides virus-free citrus seedling is to provide high-quality citrus and raising market is competing
Strive the developing direction of power.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of citruses without native grafting seedlings-growing method, effectively solution citrus
Common pollution and pest and disease damage harm, obtain good disease-free citrus seedling in conventional soil cultivation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, comprising the following steps:
S1, Root-stock selection: citrange is helped in selection card as stock, for grafting citrus seedling；
S2, seed treatment: Ka Lizuo citrange seed is used into microwave preheating 20-30s, is then placed in 25-30 DEG C of warm water and soaks
15-20h is steeped, then Seedling bag is packed into fine sand mix and carries out vernalization, sowed after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
By citrus seed use microwave preheating 15-25s, be then placed in 25-30 DEG C of warm water and impregnate 12-16h, then with fine sand
Mix is packed into Seedling bag and carries out vernalization, sows after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
S3, sowing: vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure are hybridly prepared into the first nursery base
Matter is loaded into seedlings nursing plate, Ka Lizuo citrange seed and citrus seed is sown into respectively in different seedlings nursing plates, wherein in card
It helps citrange seed and first sows 3-5d than citrus seed；Controlling seedling rearing room day temperature is 24-28 DEG C, and night temperatures are 19-23 DEG C,
It is 20-24 DEG C that day temperature is adjusted after seedling all sprouts, and night temperatures are 16-18 DEG C；
S4, grafting: when rootstock seedling grows 6-7 piece true leaf, when height of seedling 7-8cm, being grafted citrus seedling using oblique cutting connection, will
Grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, is then placed in Small plastic shed, and Small plastic shed words spoken by an actor from offstage is controlled
Its temperature is 24-28 DEG C, and night temperatures are 20-23 DEG C, relative air humidity 94-97%, shading, gradually light-exposed after 3d, control
Relative air humidity is 80-85%, and Small plastic shed is removed after 7-9d, and control day temperature is 21-25 DEG C, night temperatures 12-15
DEG C, relative air humidity 70-75%；Nutrient solution is sprayed after grafting 5d, sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 7-10d later；
S5, definite value: vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure are mixedly configured into the second nursery base
Matter fills it into breeding groove, when grafting grows 3-4 piece young leaves, grafting is transplanted in breeding groove and carries out definite value,
It waters after definite value, sprays nutrient solution, spray one time of nutrition liquid every 10-15d later.
Preferably, in the S2, microwave power 400-600W.
Preferably, in the S3, vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, sterilize chicken manure weight ratio be
40-50:40-50:60-70:5-13:10-18:1-3.
Preferably, in the S4, the grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, seeding row spacing
For 15 × 15cm.
Preferably, in the S4, the nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5-8 parts of calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate 3-5
Part, 4-7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of manganese chloride, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, ironic citrate
0.5-1 parts, 1000 parts of water.
Preferably, in the S5, vermiculite, turf, carbonization rice husk, bacteria residue, river sand, medical stone powder, the weight for sterilizing chicken manure
Than for 40-50:27-35:30-40:3-7:70-80:7-15:1-3.
Preferably, in the S5, the packed height in breeding groove is 25-30cm.
Preferably, in the S5, definite value spacing in the rows is 25-30cm.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention provides a kind of citruses without native grafting seedlings-growing method, in selection card assistant citrange as stock,
Good with the adaptability of citrus, character of fruitage is good, and stock seed and citrus seed using microwave preheating and are killed virus；Selection is closed
Suitable grafting optimum period, stock and the activity of scion are strong at this time, and growth is vigorous, and all non-lignifying, high graft survival rate, and controls
The conditions such as temperature and humidity of Small plastic shed, further increase graft survival rate after grafting；And spray nutritious liquor supplements nutrient, promotes
It grows；By the healthy seedling definite value of grafting survival into breeding groove, and nutrient needed for spray nutritious liquor supplement Ci trus growth；This hair
Common pollution and pest and disease damage harm in bright effective solution citrus conventional soil cultivation, obtain good disease-free citrus children
Seedling reduces virosis, improves the nutrient quality and the market competitiveness of citrus.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1: a kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, comprising the following steps:
S1, Root-stock selection: citrange is helped in selection card as stock, for grafting citrus seedling；
S2, seed treatment: microwave preheating 20s, microwave power 400W is used to be then placed in 25 DEG C in Ka Lizuo citrange seed
15h is impregnated in warm water, is then packed into Seedling bag with fine sand mix and is carried out vernalization, sows after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
Microwave preheating 15s, microwave power 400W is used to be then placed in 25 DEG C of warm water and impregnate 12h, then in citrus seed
Seedling bag is packed into fine sand mix and carries out vernalization, is sowed after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
S3, sowing: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 40:40:60:5:10:1
Weight ratio be hybridly prepared into the first seedling medium, be loaded into seedlings nursing plate, by Ka Lizuo citrange seed and citrus seed point
It is not sown into different seedlings nursing plates, wherein Ka Lizuo citrange seed first sows 3d than citrus seed；Controlling seedling rearing room day temperature is
24 DEG C, night temperatures are 19 DEG C, and it is 20 DEG C that day temperature is adjusted after seedling all sprouts, and night temperatures are 16 DEG C；
S4, grafting: when rootstock seedling grows 6-7 piece true leaf, when height of seedling 7-8cm, being grafted citrus seedling using oblique cutting connection, will
Grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, and seeding row spacing is 15 × 15cm, is then placed in Small plastic shed
In, controlling day temperature in Small plastic shed is 24 DEG C, and night temperatures are 20 DEG C, relative air humidity 94%, shading, after 3d gradually
Light-exposed, control relative air humidity removes Small plastic shed after being 80%, 7d, and control day temperature is 21 DEG C, and night temperatures are 12 DEG C,
Relative air humidity is 70%；Nutrient solution is sprayed after grafting 5d, sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 7d later；
Wherein, nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate 3
Part, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of manganese chloride, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of ironic citrate, 1000 parts of water；
S5, definite value: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 40:27:30:3:70:7:
1 weight ratio is mixedly configured into the second seedling medium, fills it into breeding groove, packed height 25cm, when grafting is long
Out when 3-4 piece young leaves, grafting being transplanted in breeding groove and carries out definite value, spacing in the rows 25cm waters after definite value, nutrient solution is sprayed,
One time of nutrition liquid is sprayed every 10d later.
Embodiment 2: a kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, comprising the following steps:
S1, Root-stock selection: citrange is helped in selection card as stock, for grafting citrus seedling；
S2, seed treatment: microwave preheating 30s, microwave power 600W is used to be then placed in 30 DEG C in Ka Lizuo citrange seed
20h is impregnated in warm water, is then packed into Seedling bag with fine sand mix and is carried out vernalization, sows after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
Microwave preheating 25s, microwave power 600W is used to be then placed in 30 DEG C of warm water and impregnate 16h, then in citrus seed
Seedling bag is packed into fine sand mix and carries out vernalization, is sowed after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
S3, sowing: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 50:50:70:13:18:3
Weight ratio be hybridly prepared into the first seedling medium, be loaded into seedlings nursing plate, by Ka Lizuo citrange seed and citrus seed point
It is not sown into different seedlings nursing plates, wherein Ka Lizuo citrange seed first sows 5d than citrus seed；Controlling seedling rearing room day temperature is
28 DEG C, night temperatures are 23 DEG C, and it is 24 DEG C that day temperature is adjusted after seedling all sprouts, and night temperatures are 18 DEG C；
S4, grafting: when rootstock seedling grows 6-7 piece true leaf, when height of seedling 7-8cm, being grafted citrus seedling using oblique cutting connection, will
Grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, and seeding row spacing is 15 × 15cm, is then placed in Small plastic shed
In, controlling day temperature in Small plastic shed is 28 DEG C, and night temperatures are 23 DEG C, relative air humidity 97%, shading, after 3d gradually
Light-exposed, control relative air humidity removes Small plastic shed after being 85%, 9d, and control day temperature is 25 DEG C, and night temperatures are 15 DEG C,
Relative air humidity is 75%；Nutrient solution is sprayed after grafting 5d, sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 10d later；
Wherein, nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 8 parts of calcium nitrate, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate 5
Part, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of manganese chloride, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of ironic citrate, 1000 parts of water；
S5, definite value: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 50:35:40:7:80:
The weight ratio of 15:3 is mixedly configured into the second seedling medium, fills it into breeding groove, and packed height 30cm works as grafting
When growing 3-4 piece young leaves, grafting is transplanted in breeding groove and carries out definite value, spacing in the rows 30cm waters after definite value, sprays nutrition
Liquid sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 15d later.
Embodiment 3: a kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, comprising the following steps:
S1, Root-stock selection: citrange is helped in selection card as stock, for grafting citrus seedling；
S2, seed treatment: microwave preheating 25s, microwave power 500W is used to be then placed in 28 DEG C in Ka Lizuo citrange seed
17h is impregnated in warm water, is then packed into Seedling bag with fine sand mix and is carried out vernalization, sows after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
Microwave preheating 20s, microwave power 500W is used to be then placed in 28 DEG C of warm water and impregnate 14h, then in citrus seed
Seedling bag is packed into fine sand mix and carries out vernalization, is sowed after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
S3, sowing: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 42:44:64:8:14:
1.5 weight ratio is hybridly prepared into the first seedling medium, is loaded into seedlings nursing plate, by Ka Lizuo citrange seed and citrus seed
It is sown into different seedlings nursing plates respectively, wherein Ka Lizuo citrange seed first sows 4d than citrus seed；Control seedling rearing room day temperature
It is 25 DEG C, night temperatures are 20 DEG C, and it is 22 DEG C that day temperature is adjusted after seedling all sprouts, and night temperatures are 17 DEG C；
S4, grafting: when rootstock seedling grows 6-7 piece true leaf, when height of seedling 7-8cm, being grafted citrus seedling using oblique cutting connection, will
Grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, and seeding row spacing is 15 × 15cm, is then placed in Small plastic shed
In, controlling day temperature in Small plastic shed is 25 DEG C, and night temperatures are 21 DEG C, relative air humidity 95%, shading, after 3d gradually
Light-exposed, control relative air humidity removes Small plastic shed after being 82%, 7d, and control day temperature is 23 DEG C, and night temperatures are 13 DEG C,
Relative air humidity is 72%；Nutrient solution is sprayed after grafting 5d, sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 8d later；
Wherein, nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of calcium nitrate, 3.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nitre
4.5 parts of sour potassium, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.2 parts of manganese chloride, 1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.7 part of ironic citrate, 1000 parts of water；
S5, definite value: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 45:31:35:5:75:
The weight ratio of 10:1.5 is mixedly configured into the second seedling medium, fills it into breeding groove, and packed height 27cm works as grafting
When seedling grows 3-4 piece young leaves, grafting is transplanted in breeding groove and carries out definite value, spacing in the rows 27cm waters after definite value, sprays nutrition
Liquid sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 13d later.
Embodiment 4: a kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, comprising the following steps:
S1, Root-stock selection: citrange is helped in selection card as stock, for grafting citrus seedling；
S2, seed treatment: microwave preheating 27s, microwave power 550W is used to be then placed in 30 DEG C in Ka Lizuo citrange seed
18h is impregnated in warm water, is then packed into Seedling bag with fine sand mix and is carried out vernalization, sows after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
Microwave preheating 22s, microwave power 550W is used to be then placed in 30 DEG C of warm water and impregnate 15h, then in citrus seed
Seedling bag is packed into fine sand mix and carries out vernalization, is sowed after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
S3, sowing: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 48:48:66:11:16:2
Weight ratio be hybridly prepared into the first seedling medium, be loaded into seedlings nursing plate, by Ka Lizuo citrange seed and citrus seed point
It is not sown into different seedlings nursing plates, wherein Ka Lizuo citrange seed first sows 4d than citrus seed；Controlling seedling rearing room day temperature is
27 DEG C, night temperatures are 22 DEG C, and it is 23 DEG C that day temperature is adjusted after seedling all sprouts, and night temperatures are 18 DEG C；
S4, grafting: when rootstock seedling grows 6-7 piece true leaf, when height of seedling 7-8cm, being grafted citrus seedling using oblique cutting connection, will
Grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, and seeding row spacing is 15 × 15cm, is then placed in Small plastic shed
In, controlling day temperature in Small plastic shed is 27 DEG C, and night temperatures are 22 DEG C, relative air humidity 96%, shading, after 3d gradually
Light-exposed, control relative air humidity removes Small plastic shed after being 83%, 8d, and control day temperature is 24 DEG C, and night temperatures are 14 DEG C,
Relative air humidity is 74%；Nutrient solution is sprayed after grafting 5d, sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 9d later；
Wherein, nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 7 parts of calcium nitrate, 4 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate 4
Part, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.6 parts of manganese chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.8 part of ironic citrate, 1000 parts of water；
S5, definite value: by vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure according to 48:32:37:6:77:
The weight ratio of 12:2 is mixedly configured into the second seedling medium, fills it into breeding groove, and packed height 28cm works as grafting
When growing 3-4 piece young leaves, grafting is transplanted in breeding groove and carries out definite value, spacing in the rows 28cm waters after definite value, sprays nutrition
Liquid sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 14d later.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of citrus is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which comprises the following steps:
S1, Root-stock selection: citrange is helped in selection card as stock, for grafting citrus seedling；
S2, seed treatment: Ka Lizuo citrange seed is used into microwave preheating 20-30s, is then placed in 25-30 DEG C of warm water and soaks
15-20h is steeped, then Seedling bag is packed into fine sand mix and carries out vernalization, sowed after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
By citrus seed use microwave preheating 15-25s, be then placed in 25-30 DEG C of warm water and impregnate 12-16h, then with fine sand
Mix is packed into Seedling bag and carries out vernalization, sows after having 60% or more to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
S3, sowing: vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure are hybridly prepared into the first nursery base
Matter is loaded into seedlings nursing plate, Ka Lizuo citrange seed and citrus seed is sown into respectively in different seedlings nursing plates, wherein in card
It helps citrange seed and first sows 3-5d than citrus seed；Controlling seedling rearing room day temperature is 24-28 DEG C, and night temperatures are 19-23 DEG C,
It is 20-24 DEG C that day temperature is adjusted after seedling all sprouts, and night temperatures are 16-18 DEG C；
S4, grafting: when rootstock seedling grows 6-7 piece true leaf, when height of seedling 7-8cm, being grafted citrus seedling using oblique cutting connection, will
Grafting after grafting is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, is then placed in Small plastic shed, and Small plastic shed words spoken by an actor from offstage is controlled
Its temperature is 24-28 DEG C, and night temperatures are 20-23 DEG C, relative air humidity 94-97%, shading, gradually light-exposed after 3d, control
Relative air humidity is 80-85%, and Small plastic shed is removed after 7-9d, and control day temperature is 21-25 DEG C, night temperatures 12-15
DEG C, relative air humidity 70-75%；Nutrient solution is sprayed after grafting 5d, sprays one time of nutrition liquid every 7-10d later；
S5, definite value: vermiculite, turf, river sand, expanded perlite, decomposed bagasse, disinfection chicken manure are mixedly configured into the second nursery base
Matter fills it into breeding groove, when grafting grows 3-4 piece young leaves, grafting is transplanted in breeding groove and carries out definite value,
It waters after definite value, sprays nutrient solution, spray one time of nutrition liquid every 10-15d later.
2. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S2, microwave power is
400-600W。
3. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S3, vermiculite, turf, river
Sand, decomposed bagasse, sterilizes the weight ratio of chicken manure as 40-50:40-50:60-70:5-13:10-18:1-3 at expanded perlite.
4. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S4, by transferring after grafting
Seedlings picking is planted into the seedlings nursing plate equipped with the first seedling medium, and seeding row spacing is 15 × 15cm.
5. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S4, the nutrient solution packet
Include the raw material of following parts by weight: 5-8 parts of calcium nitrate, 3-5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4-7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate
1-3 parts, 1-2 parts of manganese chloride, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of ironic citrate, 1000 parts of water.
6. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S5, vermiculite, turf, carbon
Change rice husk, bacteria residue, river sand, medical stone powder, sterilize the weight ratio of chicken manure as 40-50:27-35:30-40:3-7:70-80:7-15:
1-3。
7. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S5, filling out in breeding groove
Filling height is 25-30cm.
8. citrus as described in claim 1 is without native grafting seedlings-growing method, which is characterized in that in the S5, definite value spacing in the rows is 25-
30cm。
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| CN113575154A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-02 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Cultivation method for cutting seedling |
| CN113796283A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-17 | 四川嘉道博文生态科技有限公司 | Citrus seedling culture substrate and citrus seedling planting method |
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| CN110583270A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-20 | 四川农业大学 | Rapid garden building method for grafting after citrus stock saplings are planted |
| CN113575154A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-02 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Cultivation method for cutting seedling |
| CN113796283A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-17 | 四川嘉道博文生态科技有限公司 | Citrus seedling culture substrate and citrus seedling planting method |
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Application publication date: 20190917 |