CN113796283A - Citrus seedling culture substrate and citrus seedling planting method - Google Patents
Citrus seedling culture substrate and citrus seedling planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113796283A CN113796283A CN202111077382.4A CN202111077382A CN113796283A CN 113796283 A CN113796283 A CN 113796283A CN 202111077382 A CN202111077382 A CN 202111077382A CN 113796283 A CN113796283 A CN 113796283A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention provides a citrus seedling culture medium and a citrus seedling planting method, wherein the citrus seedling culture medium comprises, by weight, 68-85 parts of garden soil, 3-7 parts of an organic fertilizer obtained by treating kitchen waste, 0.5-5 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 0.1-1 part of potassium fertilizer and 0.05-0.25 part of azelaic acid. The substrate has higher fertility, and the developed root system can obviously promote the growth of the citrus seedlings. The citrus seedling planting method comprises the steps of applying the component A to a seedling cup according to the formula amount, planting a citrus grafted seedling, applying the component B after the citrus grafted seedling survives, applying the component C after the citrus grafted seedling survives for 15 days, and applying the component C once every month subsequently, wherein the component A is the citrus seedling substrate, the component B is a bacillus root-irrigating solution, and the component C is an aqueous solution root-irrigating solution containing organic acid and inorganic fertilizer. The citrus seedlings obtained by the planting method are flourishing in growth and good in disease resistance, the plant height, the root length and the weight of the citrus seedlings can be effectively improved, and the quality of citrus grafted seedlings is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil fertilizers, in particular to a citrus seedling substrate and a citrus seedling planting method.
Background
Citrus is used as a fruit with various vitamin and mineral contents, and has various effects of relieving cough, reducing phlegm, relieving fatigue and the like. The citrus has a long planting history in China, has various excellent varieties and has extremely wide market prospect. At present, citrus planting is the main industry in many places in China.
The planting of oranges and tangerines is higher to the environmental requirement, needs to carry out soil, fertilizer and water management, needs to select the soil layer of certain thickness when planting promptly, has sufficient fertilizer, and soil needs to have good loose nature and drainage. Meanwhile, the root system of the citrus is developed to have enough fertilizer absorbing capacity when the temperature is low, so that the growth requirement of the overground tree body is met, and the problem of massive decay of the root system or the rhizome caused by plum rain can be solved.
Because the citrus usually adopts the mode of firstly growing seedlings and then transplanting and planting, namely, the citrus grows in the seedling growing cup, and after the citrus grows to the plant height required by planting, the citrus is transplanted and planted. The citrus seedlings are all cultivated by soil, and many root growth promoting agents cannot exert the root growth promoting effect in the soil due to the influence of the alkalinity and acidity of the soil and the alkalinity and alkalinity. Meanwhile, the plants of different species have differences in stem and leaf germination, root development and cell wall growth and development, so that the plant growth promoter is suitable for root promoters of other crops and is not necessarily suitable for the growth of citrus seedling roots.
Therefore, an effective citrus seedling substrate and a seedling method are lacked at present, which can provide enough fertility and form a developed root system to improve the quality of citrus grafted seedlings and shorten the seedling time so as to ensure the benefits of citrus planters.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a citrus seedling substrate that has a high fertility and forms a developed root system that can significantly promote the growth of citrus seedlings.
The invention also aims to provide a citrus seedling planting method, which can effectively improve the plant height, the root length and the weight of citrus seedlings and improve the quality of citrus grafted seedlings so as to ensure the benefits of citrus growers.
In order to achieve one of the purposes, the invention provides a citrus seedling raising matrix which comprises, by weight, 68-85 parts of garden soil, 3-7 parts of organic fertilizer obtained by treating kitchen waste, 0.5-5 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 0.1-1 part of potash fertilizer and 0.05-0.25 part of azelaic acid.
Based on the prior art, the citrus seedling substrate has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste has high content of organic matters, humic acid and active organic matters, the turfy soil also has a large amount of organic matters and humic acid, the combination of the organic fertilizer and the turfy soil can provide nutrients required by the growth of oranges, the potash fertilizer contains high content of trace elements, and the combination of the organic fertilizer, the turfy soil and the potash fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste can meet the fertilizer requirement in the seedling raising and planting of the oranges.
(2) The high-content turfy soil is favorable for soil softening, and the soil has good looseness and water drainage by matching with perlite, so that the water drainage requirement in citrus seedling cultivation is met, and root system or rhizome decay caused by water accumulation in plum rain season is avoided.
(3) In the matrix, azelaic acid is used as a root-promoting agent, and the azelaic acid is saturated branched chain dicarboxylic acid, has the functions of inhibiting and killing bacteria and is commonly used as a bactericide. The inventor of the application finds that the azelaic acid is used in the citrus matrix, so that the azelaic acid can sterilize and resist diseases and can promote the growth and development of the root system of citrus. Firstly, the azelaic acid is probably used as an organic acid, so that the solubility and the mobility of organic fertilizer, turfy soil, potash fertilizer and insoluble salt in soil obtained by processing kitchen waste can be increased, and thus, the absorption and the utilization of the nutrient components by citrus are facilitated, and developed root systems can grow. Secondly, azelaic acid as a biostimulant may enhance certain enzyme activities, regulate the synthesis of growth regulators in plants, eliminate free radicals in adverse environments, enhance the stress resistance of roots, and promote the growth of roots. Thirdly, the azelaic acid is used as a bactericide to inhibit harmful bacteria in the soil, and then beneficial bacteria (such as bacillus natto and bacillus amyloliquefaciens) are added to ensure that the beneficial bacteria are rapidly propagated and the development of root systems is stimulated.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention provides a citrus seedling planting method, the component A is applied to a seedling cup according to the formula amount, a citrus grafted seedling is planted, after the citrus grafted seedling survives, the component B is applied, the component C is applied after the citrus grafted seedling survives for 15 days, and the component C is applied once per month subsequently, wherein the component A is the citrus seedling substrate, the component B is a bacillus root-irrigating solution, and the component C is an aqueous solution root-irrigating solution containing organic acid and inorganic fertilizer.
The citrus seedlings obtained by the planting method disclosed by the invention are luxuriant in growth and good in disease resistance, the plant height, the root length and the weight of the citrus seedlings can be effectively improved, the quality of citrus grafted seedlings is improved, and the benefits of citrus growers are guaranteed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a citrus seedling substrate, which comprises, by weight, 68-85 parts of garden soil, 3-7 parts of organic fertilizer obtained by treating kitchen waste, 0.5-5 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 0.1-1 part of potash fertilizer and 0.05-0.25 part of azelaic acid. Wherein, the content of the garden soil can be but is not limited to 68 parts, 70 parts, 73 parts, 75 parts, 78 parts, 80 parts, 82 parts and 85 parts. The content of the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste can be but is not limited to 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts and 7 parts. The amount of perlite may be, but is not limited to, 0.5 parts, 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts. The content of the turfy soil can be but is not limited to 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts and 20 parts. The content of the potash fertilizer may be, but not limited to, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1.0 part. The content of azelaic acid may be, but is not limited to, 0.05 parts, 0.07 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.12 parts, 0.15 parts, 0.2 parts, 0.23 parts, 0.25 parts.
Wherein the organic fertilizer (BGB) obtained by treating the kitchen waste is obtained by fermenting and decomposing the kitchen waste. Specifically, the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste is obtained by using the kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 8-12 hours in a biochemical furnace at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and then stacking and secondarily decomposing for more than 3 months. The kitchen waste is used as a raw material, waste can be changed into valuable, energy conservation and environmental protection are met, and the contents of organic matters and humic acid in the kitchen waste are high. The organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste comprises 70-80% of organic matters in percentage by weight, the organic matters comprise 20-30% of humic acid, 15-30% of easily-oxidized organic matters and 20-30% of water, and the easily-oxidized organic matters can be quickly mineralized to provide mineral nutrients, improve soil, promote the formation of granular structures, improve permeability, improve the growth environment of citrus roots and promote the development of the roots.
Wherein the potash fertilizer is silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium, contains a plurality of microelements such as silicon fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer and the like, and is beneficial to the growth of citrus seedlings.
The second aspect of the invention provides a citrus seedling planting method, wherein the component A is applied to a seedling cup according to the formula amount, a citrus grafted seedling is planted, after the citrus grafted seedling survives, the component B is applied, after the citrus grafted seedling survives for 15 days, the component C is applied, and the component C is applied once per month subsequently, the component A is the citrus seedling substrate, the component B is a bacillus root-irrigating solution, and the component C is an aqueous solution root irrigating solution containing organic acid and inorganic fertilizer.
The component A can promote the generation of citrus seedlings with developed root systems, the component B can improve the effective utilization of the citrus seedlings on soil nutrients and improve the disease resistance and stress resistance, and the component C can provide nutrient components required by the growth of citrus.
The bacillus root-irrigation solution is an aqueous solution containing bacillus natto and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the concentrations of the bacillus natto and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens are 0.3-0.8% and 0.1-0.4%, the concentrations of the bacillus natto and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be but not limited to 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7% and 0.8%, and the concentrations of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be but not limited to 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3% and 0.4%. The bacillus natto can produce various antibiotics, enzymes and gamma-polyglutamic acid, has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and strong stress resistance, and guarantees the beneficial environment for root growth. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens can dissolve calcium phosphorus, iron phosphorus and other compounds which are not easy to absorb in soil crops, promote the dissolution and utilization of ineffective phosphorus in the soil, provide sufficient effective nutrients for root system growth, produce a large amount of protease, amino acid, cytokinin and the like during thallus growth, enhance the activity of crop cells, accelerate the metabolism of crops and promote the growth of the root system and the overground part. And the chitinase secretes a large amount of high-activity chitinase, quickly removes pathogenic bacteria, accelerates the growth and development of rhizobia and root systems, and promotes the development of crop root systems. Therefore, the bacillus natto in the bacillus root-irrigating solution can improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of the citrus seedlings and ensure the normal growth environment of root systems; the bacillus amyloliquefaciens can promote the dissolution and the utilization of phosphorus, generate a large amount of beneficial root substances (such as amino acid, protease and the like) and promote the growth of root systems, and can better promote the growth of the root systems through the synergistic effect of the two beneficial bacteria.
The organic acid is a mixture of gamma-aminobutyric acid and gamma-polyglutamic acid, and the concentration is 0.02-0.07%, 0.01-0.04%, the concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid can be but not limited to 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, the concentration of gamma-polyglutamic acid can be but not limited to 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, respectively. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a biological stimulator, can improve the resistance of plants under adverse circumstances, has the function of promoting the vegetative growth of the plants, and can enable citrus seedlings to grow rapidly. The gamma-polyglutamic acid has buffering capacity on acid and alkali, can effectively balance the acid-base value of soil, avoids acidic soil caused by long-term use of chemical fertilizer, can form a layer of film on the surface layer of plant root hair, has the function of protecting the root hair, is an optimal conveying platform for intimate contact of nutrients and water in the soil and the root hair, can effectively improve the dissolution, storage, conveying and absorption of the fertilizer, and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer. Therefore, the gamma-aminobutyric acid in the organic acid can improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of the citrus seedlings, ensure the normal growth environment of the citrus and stimulate the vegetative growth of the citrus; the gamma-polyglutamic acid can improve the utilization rate of nutrients in soil, provide more nutrients for the growth of citrus seedlings, and can better promote the growth of the citrus seedlings through the synergistic effect of the two organic acids.
The inorganic fertilizer is a mixture of diammonium phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, the water solubility of the two substances is good, the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphorus fertilizer and the calcium fertilizer can be provided, the concentrations are 0.1-0.4% and 0.05-0.25% respectively, the concentration of diammonium phosphate can be but not limited to 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%, and the concentration of calcium ammonium nitrate can be but not limited to 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.12%, 0.15%, 0.2% and 0.25%.
The citrus seedling substrate and the citrus seedling planting method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. Among the raw materials related to the invention, bacillus natto and bacillus laterosporus can be purchased from Guangzhou agricultural crown (Taisui) Biotechnology limited, bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be obtained from Jiangsu Green family, and other raw materials except organic fertilizer obtained by processing kitchen waste can be obtained by common market.
Example 1
The citrus seedling culture substrate comprises 782kg of garden soil, 40kg of BGB, 20kg of perlite, 150kg of turfy soil, 6kg of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium and 2kg of azelaic acid. The BGB is prepared by taking kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 10 hours in a biochemical furnace at 70 ℃, stacking and secondary decomposition for more than 3 months, and contains 75 wt% of organic matters, 26 wt% of humic acid in the organic matters and 21 wt% of easily-oxidized organic matters.
Example 2
The citrus seedling substrate comprises 680kg of garden soil, 70kg of BGB, 50kg of perlite, 192kg of turfy soil, 6kg of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium and 2kg of azelaic acid. The BGB is prepared by taking kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 10 hours in a biochemical furnace at 70 ℃, stacking and secondary decomposition for more than 3 months, and contains 75 wt% of organic matters, 26 wt% of humic acid in the organic matters and 21 wt% of easily-oxidized organic matters.
Example 3
The citrus seedling culture substrate comprises 797kg of garden soil, 30kg of BGB, 20kg of perlite, 150kg of turfy soil, 2kg of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium and 1kg of azelaic acid. The BGB is prepared by taking kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 10 hours in a biochemical furnace at 70 ℃, stacking and secondary decomposition for more than 3 months, and contains 75 wt% of organic matters, 26 wt% of humic acid in the organic matters and 21 wt% of easily-oxidized organic matters.
Comparative example 1
The citrus seedling culture substrate comprises 784kg of garden soil, 40kg of BGB, 20kg of perlite, 150kg of turfy soil and 6kg of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium. The BGB is prepared by taking kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 10 hours in a biochemical furnace at 70 ℃, stacking and secondary decomposition for more than 3 months, and contains 75 wt% of organic matters, 26 wt% of humic acid in the organic matters and 21 wt% of easily-oxidized organic matters.
Comparative example 2
The citrus seedling substrate comprises 822kg of garden soil, 20kg of perlite, 150kg of turfy soil, 6kg of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium and 2kg of azelaic acid.
Comparative example 3
The citrus seedling substrate comprises 802kg of garden soil, 40kg of BGB, 150kg of turfy soil, 6kg of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium and 2kg of azelaic acid. The BGB is prepared by taking kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 10 hours in a biochemical furnace at 70 ℃, stacking and secondary decomposition for more than 3 months, and contains 75 wt% of organic matters, 26 wt% of humic acid in the organic matters and 21 wt% of easily-oxidized organic matters.
Comparative example 4
The citrus seedling culture substrate comprises 788kg of garden soil, 40kg of BGB, 20kg of perlite, 150kg of turfy soil and 2kg of azelaic acid. The BGB is prepared by taking kitchen waste as a raw material, mixing the kitchen waste with microorganisms after pretreatment and screening, fermenting for 10 hours in a biochemical furnace at 70 ℃, stacking and secondary decomposition for more than 3 months, and contains 75 wt% of organic matters, 26 wt% of humic acid in the organic matters and 21 wt% of easily-oxidized organic matters.
The planting of the citrus seedlings from one to seven is carried out by taking 7A components in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4, taking an aqueous solution of 0.5% of Bacillus natto and 0.25% of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a B component, and taking 0.04% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.03% of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.20% of diammonium phosphate and 0.12% of an aqueous solution of calcium ammonium nitrate as a C component.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, taking an aqueous solution of 0.8% of bacillus natto and 0.4% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as the component B, and taking 0.04% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.03% of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.20% of diammonium phosphate and 0.12% of calcium ammonium nitrate aqueous solution as the component C, so as to plant the citrus seedlings.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, taking an aqueous solution of 0.5% of bacillus natto and 0.25% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as the component B, and taking 0.02% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.02% of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.20% of diammonium phosphate and 0.1% of calcium ammonium nitrate aqueous solution as the component C, so as to plant the citrus seedling nine.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, taking a bacillus natto aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.75% as a component B, and taking gamma-aminobutyric acid with the concentration of 0.04%, gamma-polyglutamic acid with the concentration of 0.03%, diammonium phosphate with the concentration of 0.20% and a calcium ammonium nitrate aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.12% as a component C, so as to plant citrus seedlings.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, taking an aqueous solution of 0.5% of bacillus natto and 0.25% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as the component B, and taking 0.07% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.20% of diammonium phosphate and 0.12% of calcium ammonium nitrate aqueous solution as the component C, so as to plant the citrus seedling eleven.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, taking an aqueous solution of 0.5% of bacillus natto and 0.25% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as the component B, and taking 0.04% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.03% of gamma-polyglutamic acid and 0.32% of diammonium phosphate aqueous solution as the component C, so as to plant the citrus seedlings twelve.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, taking an aqueous solution of 0.5% of bacillus laterosporus and 0.25% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a component B, and taking gamma-aminobutyric acid with the concentration of 0.04%, gamma-polyglutamic acid with the concentration of 0.03%, diammonium phosphate with the concentration of 0.20% and a 0.12% aqueous solution of calcium ammonium nitrate as a component C, so as to plant thirteen citrus seedlings.
Meanwhile, fourteen citrus seedlings were planted using only the substrate of example 1. Taking the component A in example 1 and taking an aqueous solution of 0.5% of bacillus natto and 0.25% of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as the component B to plant the citrus seedling fifteen.
Meanwhile, taking the component A in example 1, and taking gamma-aminobutyric acid with the concentration of 0.04%, gamma-polyglutamic acid with the concentration of 0.03%, diammonium phosphate with the concentration of 0.20% and a 0.12% calcium ammonium nitrate aqueous solution as the component C, the sixteen-root planting of the citrus seedlings is carried out.
The planting method of the first to the third citrus seedlings comprises the steps of applying the component A to a seedling cup according to the formula amount, planting a citrus grafted seedling (bitter orange seedlings with uniform size and plant height of about 12cm), applying the component B after the citrus grafted seedling survives, applying the component C after 15 days of survival, and testing the condition of the citrus seedlings after applying the component C to roots of the citrus grafted seedling once every month for 3 months, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
The fourteen-citrus seedling planting method comprises the steps of applying the component A to a seedling cup according to the formula amount, planting the same batch of citrus grafted seedlings (bitter orange seedlings with uniform size and plant height of about 12cm), after the citrus grafted seedlings survive, applying clear water to irrigate roots, after 15 days of survival, applying clear water to irrigate roots, and applying clear water to irrigate roots once every month for 3 months subsequently, and testing the growth condition of the citrus seedlings, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
The fifteen-seedling planting method of the citrus comprises the steps of applying the component A to a seedling cup according to the formula amount, planting the same batch of citrus grafted seedlings (bitter orange seedlings with uniform size and plant height of about 12cm), applying the component B to irrigate roots after the citrus grafted seedlings survive, applying clear water to irrigate the roots after 15 days of survival, applying clear water to irrigate the roots once every month for 3 months subsequently, and testing the growth condition of the citrus seedlings, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
The sixteen-quarter planting method of the citrus seedlings comprises the steps of applying the component A to a seedling cup according to the formula amount and planting the same batch of citrus grafted seedlings (bitter orange seedlings are uniform in size and about 12cm in plant height), after the citrus grafted seedlings survive, applying clear water to irrigate roots, after the citrus grafted seedlings survive for 15 days, applying the component C to irrigate roots once every month for 3 months subsequently, testing the growth condition of the citrus seedlings, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 growth of Citrus seedlings
As can be seen from Table 1, the substrate contains organic fertilizer, perlite, turfy soil, potash fertilizer and azelaic acid which are obtained by treating kitchen waste, and after the root irrigation planting is carried out for 3 months by adopting the B component of the bacillus root irrigation solution and the C component of the aqueous solution containing organic acid and inorganic fertilizer root irrigation solution, the plant height of the citrus is larger, and the SPAD is larger, which shows that the citrus contains more chlorophyll and the root length and root crown ratio are higher, which shows that the root system is more developed, so that the planting amount and the planting level of the citrus can be effectively improved, and the benefit of a citrus grower can be ensured.
Comparing the first citrus seedling and the tenth to thirteen citrus seedlings, the growth condition of the citrus is the best when the bacillus root-irrigation solution adopted by the component B is an aqueous solution containing bacillus natto and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the mixture of gamma-aminobutyric acid and gamma-polyglutamic acid adopted by the component C is an organic acid, and the mixture of diammonium phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate is an inorganic fertilizer.
Comparing the first citrus seedling with the fourteen to sixteen citrus seedlings, after the component A is adopted to promote root growth, the component B and the component C are adopted to irrigate the root, and then the citrus with good growth vigor can be grown.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A citrus seedling raising matrix is characterized by comprising, by weight, 68-85 parts of garden soil, 3-7 parts of an organic fertilizer obtained by treating kitchen waste, 0.5-5 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 0.1-1 part of a potash fertilizer and 0.05-0.25 part of azelaic acid.
2. The citrus seedling raising substrate according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste is obtained by fermenting and decomposing the kitchen waste.
3. The citrus seedling substrate according to claim 2, wherein the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste is obtained by pretreating, screening, mixing with microorganisms, fermenting for 8-12 h in a biochemical furnace at 60-80 ℃, and then stacking and secondarily decomposing for more than 3 months.
4. The citrus seedling raising substrate according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer obtained by treating kitchen waste contains 70-80 wt% of organic matter, and the organic matter contains 20-30 wt% of humic acid and 15-30 wt% of easily-oxidizable organic matter.
5. A citrus seedling substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the potash fertilizer is silico-calcium-potassium-magnesium.
6. A citrus seedling planting method is characterized in that a component A is applied to a seedling cup according to a formula amount and a citrus grafted seedling is planted, after the citrus grafted seedling survives, a component B is applied, after 15 days of survival, a component C is applied, and the component C is applied once per month subsequently, wherein the component A is the citrus seedling substrate according to any one of claims 1-5, the component B is a bacillus root-irrigating solution, and the component C is an aqueous solution root irrigating solution containing organic acid and inorganic fertilizer.
7. A citrus seedling planting method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bacillus root-irrigating solution is an aqueous solution containing Bacillus natto and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the concentrations of the Bacillus natto and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are 0.3-0.8% and 0.1-0.4%, respectively.
8. A citrus seedling planting method according to claim 6, wherein the organic acid is a mixture of gamma-aminobutyric acid and gamma-polyglutamic acid, and the concentrations thereof are 0.02 to 0.07% and 0.01 to 0.04%, respectively.
9. A citrus seedling planting method according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic fertilizer is a mixture of diammonium phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, and the concentrations thereof are 0.1-0.4% and 0.05-0.25%, respectively.
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