CN110229031A - A kind of High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110229031A CN110229031A CN201910357122.9A CN201910357122A CN110229031A CN 110229031 A CN110229031 A CN 110229031A CN 201910357122 A CN201910357122 A CN 201910357122A CN 110229031 A CN110229031 A CN 110229031A
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- fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizers, belong to agricultural fertilizer field.The fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of N, 5-15 parts of P2O5, and 10-15 parts of K2O.The invention also discloses the preparation methods of the fertilizer: (1) weighing raw material according to the proportion, mixing, to be put into batch mixed in mixer after crushing uniform, that is, powdered fertilizer is made；(2) powdered fertilizer pelletizer is delivered to after to be granulated；(3) particle is packed after cooling, screening.Comprehensively, fertilizer efficiency is prominent for dedicated fertilizer nitrogen nutrition balance of the invention；Selected raw material is all solvable, and does not react between raw material, can place for a long time and not generate precipitating, effectively prevent block water irrigator.Dedicated fertilizer manufacture craft of the invention is simple, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer fields, and in particular, to a kind of High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Potato (scientific name: Solanum tuberosum L.) belongs to Solanaceae annual herb plant, and stem tuber can be edible,
It is the fourth-largest important cereal crops in the whole world, is only second to wheat, paddy and corn.Potato is also known as potato, potato, foreign sweet potato
Deng the stem tuber of plant of Solanaceae.With wheat, paddy, corn, sorghum and become the big crop in the world five.
China is potato big producer, and cultivated area has 84,000,000 mu, 95,760,000 tons of total output.But as people live
Horizontal raising, increasing to potato demand, present potato yield can not meet the needs of production, therefore,
It needs to improve potato yield, to meet the market demand.
Summary of the invention
The characteristics of inventor is mainly for potato nutritional demand rule, the Integration of Water into Fertilizer and supplementary irrigation equipment etc. because
Element, the difficulties such as Antagonism in the exploitation of key breakthrough Special fertilizer for potato between the water solubility of phosphorus, element, overcomes existing
The deficiency of product, develop available nutrient levels are high, nutrient is complete, proportion rationally, the apparent dedicated fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizer, comprises the following components in parts by weight: N 15-25
Part, P2O55-15 parts, K210-15 parts of O.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer is comprised the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of N, P2O5
10 parts, K210 parts of O.
In another specific embodiment of the invention, the component of the following parts by weight of fertilizer: 15 parts of N, P2O5 5
Part, K210 parts of O.
In another specific embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer is comprised the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of N,
P2O55 parts, K215 parts of O.
In some implementation embodiments of the invention, the fertilizer applies fertilizer 6 times in the potato time of infertility, in seedling stage,
Squaring period, florescence and starch accumulation phase apply fertilizer 1 time, 2 times, 2 times and 1 time respectively.
In some implementation embodiments of the invention, the fertilizer utilization drip irrigation system is imposed with water.
In the present invention, the kind of the potato is the Atlantic Ocean.
The second aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of fertilizer described in first aspect present invention, comprising the following steps:
(4) raw material is weighed according to the proportion, mixing, to be put into batch mixed in mixer after crushing uniform,
Powdered fertilizer is made；
(5) powdered fertilizer pelletizer is delivered to after to be granulated；
(6) particle is packed after cooling, screening.
In some implementation embodiments of the invention, blocky ammonium nitrate is crushed crusher machine using the slow-speed of revolution in raw material.
In some implementation embodiments of the invention, the particle size is less than 0.5mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizer of the invention compared with the existing technology, mainly have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1) high in technological content: to select soluble ingredient to meticulously build, be applicable to spray, drip irrigation system.
2) full nutrition, high concentration: dedicated fertilizer N P and K total nutrient content >=34% of the invention, for potato difference
Breeding time is independently formulated, and nutrient balance is comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is prominent.
3) complete water-soluble, do not precipitate: raw material selected by dedicated fertilizer of the invention is all solvable, and does not occur between raw material anti-
It answers, can place for a long time and not generate precipitating, effectively prevent block water irrigator.
4) environment friendly and pollution-free: dedicated fertilizer of the invention is all solvable, cooperates potato irrigating facility, realizes liquid manure coupling
It closes, the fertilizer requirement of fertilizer amount and potato is constantly coincide, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and residual is few, soil eutrophication will not be caused,
The secondary salinization for effectively inhibiting soil, is free of contamination environment-friendly fertilizer.
5) dedicated fertilizer manufacture craft of the invention is simple, at low cost.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment
Following example is used herein to demonstration the preferred embodiments of the invention.Those skilled in the art, it will be appreciated that under
State the technology disclosed in example represent inventor discovery can be used for implementing technology of the invention, therefore can be considered as implementation this
The preferred embodiment of invention.But those skilled in the art should be understood that specific reality disclosed herein according to this specification
Many modifications can be made by applying example, still can be obtained identical or similar as a result, rather than away from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, the term of all technologies as used herein and science, and the technology in fields of the present invention
Personnel institute is normally understood equivalent in meaning, and being disclosed reference and their materials of reference will all be incorporated.
Those skilled in the art will recognize or just will appreciate that by routine test many described here
Invention specific embodiment many equivalent technologies.These will equally be comprised in claims.
1 Water soluble fertilizer development of embodiment
(1) ground foundation nutrient is tested
Potato staple food specific breed is since nutrient uptake feature and total fertilization amount are different from common dish use during the growth process
Potato, therefore, inventor choose black mature soil from Xiji County to rich base be experimental field, to Atlantic potato liquid manure one
The dedicated Water soluble fertilizer for changing plantation is developed, and tentatively proposes the consumption proportion of its a great number of elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.The black black earth in Xiji County
Native nutrient content is as shown in table 1.
1 Xiji County black mature soil soil nutrient of table
(2) dedicated fertilizer nutrient dosage
Inventor's processes such as gas making, purification, compression and synthesis by conventional method, using soluble raw material produce N,
P, K nutrient, wherein carry out chelating water-soluble processing to raw phosphoric acid, prevent the conventional wet phosphoric acid in carrying out ammonia and when insoluble matter
It generates, obtained water-soluble a great number of elements is mixed by formula, propose that Atlantic Ocean plantation is complete under certain target output
Each nutrient dosage of breeding time N, P, K is shown in Table 2.
2 potato yield index of table and dedicated fertilizer formula
Need fertile type and feature according to the potato staple food kind Atlantic Ocean, inventor in line with efficient high yield, it is nuisanceless, at
This low principle selects water-soluble poly ammonium phosphate, the excellent new industrial chemicals such as micro- fertilizer in phosphoric acid and Chelating state, successfully breaks through the water of phosphorus
The problems such as the Antagonism between dissolubility, element develop its dedicated fertilizer.
3 Atlantic Ocean seedling stage nutrient dosage of table
4 Atlantic Ocean squaring period nutrient dosage of table
5 Atlantic Ocean florescence nutrient dosage of table
6 Atlantic Ocean starch accumulation phase nutrient dosage of table
(3) special fertilizer formula and dosage
Potato staple food kind Atlantic Ocean special fertilizer is by inorganic nitrogeneous fertilizer, inorganic potash fertilizer, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and Chelating state
Micro- fertilizer blending is made, it is contemplated that the influence of the factors such as manufacture craft and nutrient purity and fertilising loss is fitted when making Water soluble fertilizer
When improving nutrient content, by experiment and demonstration and Summary on technology, following dedicated Water soluble fertilizer proportion and dosage are finally obtained.
Seedling stage special fertilizer: 2000kg/ mus of target output are 30-35-6+PE, and it is 16-20- that target output, which is 2500kg/ mus,
4+PE is applied in Atlantic Ocean seedling stage, and amount of application is 10kg/24kg per acre, and Sui Shuichong is applied.
Squaring period special fertilizer: 2000kg/ mus of target output are 30-7-12+PE, and it is 32-8- that target output, which is 2500kg/ mus,
16+PE is applied in Atlantic Ocean squaring period, and amount of application is 20kg/25kg per acre, is applied in two times with water punching.
Florescence special fertilizer: 2000kg/ mus of target output are 23-7-9+PE, and it is 24-8- that target output, which is 2500kg/ mus,
12+PE is applied in Atlantic Ocean florescence, and amount of application is 20kg/25kg per acre, is applied in two times with water punching.
Starch accumulation phase special fertilizer: 2000kg/ mus of target output are 15-7-12+PE, and target output is 2500kg/ mus and is
20-10-20+PE is applied in the Atlantic Ocean starch accumulation phase, and amount of application is 10kg/15kg per acre, and Sui Shuichong is applied.
(4) the main preparation process of dedicated fertilizer
Raw material is weighed according to the proportion, and mixing, batch mixed in mixer is put into after crushing, and uniformly (blocky ammonium nitrate must be adopted
With slow-speed of revolution Special crushing crusher machine), that is, powdery potato staple food specific breed Atlantic Ocean special fertilizer is made, after by powdery horse
Bell potato dedicated fertilizer is granulated by Belt Conveying to pelletizer, and particle must satisfy less than 0.5mm, packed after cooling, screening
Chemical fertilizer.
The test of embodiment 2 proves
(1) experimental design
The manure trial of 1 developed Water soluble fertilizer, the Water soluble fertilizer of different formulations is applied by breeding time respectively for test.Each mesh
4 cells of nutrient formula deployment of yield are marked, 2 target outputs amount to 8 cells, and T1-T4 is that target output is
2000kg/ mus of fertilising, T5-T8 are the fertilising that target output is 2500kg/ mus.Plot area is 60m2(wide 3m × long 20m),
Average row is away from 55cm, and spacing in the rows 33cm, ridging overlay film covers drip irrigation zone plantation, using a ridge duplicate rows one with arrangement.Using liquid manure one
Change technology carries out liquid manure supply, and each processing stem places pressure differential tank one respectively, individually applied fertilizer to cell.Fertilizer
Expect that whole bases are applied, in seedling stage, squaring period, florescence and starch accumulation phase apply fertilizer respectively 1 time, 2 times, 2 times and 1 time, the time of infertility
It applies fertilizer 6 times altogether.It irrigates according to soil water regime, is once poured water every 7-10d, irrigation norm 10-15m3/ mu.
Each cell field farming operations quality standard is consistent, is routinely managed, including site preparation, cover drip irrigation zone covering film, sowing.
(2) test result
1) each cell plant height
As can be seen from Table 7, processing T5-T8 is whole high compared with T1-T4 cell in each breeding time plant height, illustrates different formulas
Be affected to potato plant height, under the fertilising of low target yield, growth indexes and show as it is lower, such as in the maturity period
The average plant height of the higher target output fertilising of the average plant height of the fertilising of low target yield is small by 13.16%, and variance analysis performance is aobvious
Write sex differernce.
7 each cell Atlantic Ocean plant height of table
2) each cell Atlantic Ocean economic characters
As can be seen from Table 8, each cell potato economic characters are similar with plant height, and show as the master of high target output
The fertilising that each indexs such as stem number, single plant stem tuber number, single plant stem tuber weight, single potato weight and commodity potato rate are all larger than low target yield is small
Area illustrates that this formula meets expection in terms of fertilizer efficiency.
8 each cell Atlantic Ocean economic characters of table
4) each cell Atlantic Ocean yield
As can be seen from Table 9, its equivalent per mu yield of the cell T1-T4 that target output is 2000kg/ mus reaches 2500kg/
Mu or more, it is 2639.47kg/ mus that the 4th cell production is slightly lower, but on average, the average product of T1-T4 cell reaches
2815.44kg/ mus, it is contemplated that effect is preferable, can guarantee in the potato use process of plateau area of Southern Ningxia its yield 2000kg/ mus with
On.Its equivalent per mu yield of the cell T5-T8 that target output is 2500kg/ mus reaches 3000kg/ mus or more, the 8th cell production
It is slightly lower, it is 3060.79kg/ mus, but on average, the average product of T5-T8 cell reaches 3285.9kg/ mus, it is contemplated that effect
Preferably, it can guarantee that its yield is at 2500kg/ mus or more in the potato use process of plateau area of Southern Ningxia.
9 each cell Atlantic Ocean yield of table
(4) conclusion
It is found by experiment that, the dedicated yield aspect that fits over of potato proposed by the invention can reach target, and fertilizer
Material can preferably adapt to water-saving irrigation technique, and fertilizer efficiency science is reliable, can promote plateau area of Southern Ningxia potato planting stable and high yields.
All references mentioned in the present invention is incorporated herein by reference, independent just as each document
It is incorporated as with reference to such.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the above teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can
To make various changes or modifications to the present invention, such equivalent forms equally fall within model defined by the application the appended claims
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of High Yield Potato dedicated fertilizer, which is characterized in that comprise the following components in parts by weight: N15-25 parts, P2O55-15
Part, K2O10-15 parts.
2. fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that comprise the following components in parts by weight: N20 parts, P2O510 parts,
K2O10 parts.
3. fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that comprise the following components in parts by weight: N15 parts, P2O55 parts,
K2O10 parts.
4. fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that comprise the following components in parts by weight: N20 parts, P2O55 parts,
K2O15 parts.
5. fertilizer according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the fertilizer is in potato time of infertility fertilising 6
Secondary, in seedling stage, squaring period, florescence and starch accumulation phase apply fertilizer 1 time, 2 times, 2 times and 1 time respectively.
6. fertilizer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the fertilizer utilization drip irrigation system is imposed with water.
7. fertilizer according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the kind of the potato is the Atlantic Ocean.
8. the preparation method of fertilizer described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material is weighed according to the proportion, mixing, to be put into batch mixed in mixer after crushing uniform, that is, powdered fertilizer is made；
(2) powdered fertilizer pelletizer is delivered to after to be granulated；
(3) particle is packed after cooling, screening.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, blocky ammonium nitrate is broken using slow-speed of revolution crusher in raw material
It is broken.
10. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the particle size is less than 0.5mm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111373915A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-07 | 宁夏农林科学院固原分院 | Water and fertilizer integrated water replenishing and fertilizing method for staple potato variety |
| CN111742676A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-09 | 宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所（宁夏土壤与植物营养重点实验室） | Special fertilizer for staple potato varieties |
| CN114195583A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-18 | 中海石油化学股份有限公司 | Special fertilizer for potato crops and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111742676A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-09 | 宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所（宁夏土壤与植物营养重点实验室） | Special fertilizer for staple potato varieties |
| CN114195583A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-18 | 中海石油化学股份有限公司 | Special fertilizer for potato crops and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190913 |