CN101020581B - Seed manure specially for corn and its production process - Google Patents

Seed manure specially for corn and its production process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101020581B
CN101020581B CN2006101722392A CN200610172239A CN101020581B CN 101020581 B CN101020581 B CN 101020581B CN 2006101722392 A CN2006101722392 A CN 2006101722392A CN 200610172239 A CN200610172239 A CN 200610172239A CN 101020581 B CN101020581 B CN 101020581B
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China
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seed manure
raw material
corn
fertilizer
monoammonium phosphate
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CN101020581A (en
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沈兵
王宝安
贾可
梁宏江
曲艳蒂
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HEBEI TOPRUN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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HEBEI TOPRUN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a seed manure specially for corn and its production process. The seed manure contains nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potash fertilizer. The raw material of the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate with the weight parts of 448 and 153.8, the raw material of the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and potassium chloride with the weight parts of 60 and 30, the raw material of the nitrogen fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate, wherein the weight parts of the ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate are all 76.9, the nitrogen fertilizer also contains 156.4 weight parts of humic acid. The production process includes the steps of smelting ammonium nitrate, ammoniating, revolving and pelletizing, adding calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and humic acid. The seed manure specially for corn of the invention can promote the growth of corn seedling root system, and provide corn seedling with sufficient nutrients.

Description

A kind of corn seed manure specially and production technique thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to corn seed fertilizer and production technique thereof, particularly a kind of corn seed manure specially and production technique thereof.
Background technology
Plant is planted based on corn by China the Northeast, and the corn seeding area accounted for 25.4% of national corn seeding area in 2003, reached 611.4 ten thousand hectares, and especially there is the title of " Corn Belt of China " at the middle part, Jilin Province.Since the eighties, a large amount of corns export states such as Japan, for foreign exchange has been earned by country, have become one of staple commodities of this province foreign trade outlet.
But the promote mainly fertilizer variety of past at corn is general fertilizer of 15-15-15 and 16-12-12 corn fertilizer, and composite fertilizer's nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio of 15-15-15 is fixed, and causes waste or single nutrient quantity not sufficient when using easily.Particularly since calendar year 2001, agricultural-food are made a price reduction significantly, and farmers' income reduces, require using of fertilizer reasonable more economically, avoid irrational fertilising to cause economically loss, only rely on general fertilizer and be difficult to exploit market at all, satisfy market the more requirement of Gao Gengxin of composite fertilizer.
Simultaneously, a kind of release of fertilizer formula not only will be considered basic nutrient situation of soil and crop alimentary characteristic, and local peasant's the fertilising custom and the mode of production that should the zone also should be to influence the essential factor that fertilizer variety is chosen.The Northeast's planting system be 1 year one ripe, frostless season is short, is generally 120-150 days, annual farming mainly concentrates on the 5-10 month period.Peasant planting Zea extensive management, fertilizer applied in the spring season is after planting no longer carried out other cultivation management measures except that using mid-term in growth the weedicide weeding, most of peasant household does not topdress or topdresses less, add that blue or green in recent years strong labor force goes out to do manual work more, the labor force that actual participation is produced is limited, is more prone to time saving and energy saving single fertilization traditionally in fertilising.Though habits fertilization is fit to the characteristics of fertile characteristic of the need of corn and northeast soil, but in view of the single fertilization degree of depth all more than 10 centimetres, and need add the nitrogen sustained release drug time of releasing in order to prolong nitrogen, early stage is undeveloped because of maize seedling roots easily, fertilizer sucting ability is poor, fertilizer discharges slowly, causes the weak phenomenon of corn seedling growth growing way.Therefore, how to break through the traditional fertilization idea, seed manure and single fertilization are combined, promote the maize seedling roots growth by seed manure, the corn under-nutrition in seedling stage that additional single fertilization causes, reaching the effect of carrying seedling fast just becomes present technique field urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of corn seed manure specially that promotes the maize seedling roots growth, competent nutrient is provided for the corn seedling growth.
The objective of the invention is to reach by the following technical programs:
A kind of corn seed manure specially comprises nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient and potassium nutrition, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of described nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient and potassium nutrition is respectively 10%, 15%, 5%, also comprises the humic acids of 10%~20% weight percent in addition.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the raw material of described nitrogen nutrient is ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate, and wherein three kinds of raw material weights ratios are 1:1:2~1:1.6:2.9.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the raw material of described phosphorus nutrient is calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate, and its part by weight is 0.34~2.9:1.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the raw material of described potassium nutrition is vitriolate of tartar and Repone K, and its part by weight is 1~2:1.
Another object of the present invention provides the production technique of above-mentioned corn seed manure specially.
Another object of the present invention reaches by the following technical programs:
A kind of production technique of corn seed manure specially, its step is as follows:
(1) ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, general calcium, Repone K and vitriolate of tartar and humic acids are weighed in proportion, and sieve respectively, each base fertilizer of screening back proportionally requires to enter rotary drum granulator via metering outfit by hopper from hopper separately, mixes with the ammonium nitrate of molten state;
(2) meanwhile, suitable feeding saturation steam had both improved material temperature, made the material humidification again; Material is by the tablets press granulation;
(3) promptly enter the drying machine drying after step (2) gained pellet leaves tablets press;
(4) promptly obtain granular corn seed manure specially through screening, cooling.
Beneficial effect
The use of corn fertilizer of the present invention:
In corn seeding period, corn fertilizer of the present invention and corn seed together are manured into soil, for the corn seedling growth provides competent nutrient.
The present invention selects rational nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition ratio and raw material and filler to select, and promotes the maize seedling roots growth by seed manure, and the corn under-nutrition in seedling stage that additional single fertilization causes reaches the effect of carrying seedling fast.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) according to the nutrient demand proportioning nutrient of corn seedling growth to nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium, calculate the nutrient input amount by method of fertilization for target yield, finally determine 10/15/5 nutrients ratio.
(2) determine the nitrogenous fertilizer raw material by test, the nitrogenous fertilizer raw material mainly contains ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate and urea, because urea nitrogen fertilizer is easy to generate biuret, influence seed germination, thereby be 1:1:2~1:1.6:2.9 by testing definite ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate weight ratio.
(3) corn seedling stage is the critical period of phosphorus nutrition, and the abundance of phosphorus is supplied with most important to the growth of corn whole growing.Thereby, determine that water-soluble phosphorus and water-insoluble phosphorus ratio are the keys that guarantees corn available phosphorus in seedling stage, be monoammonium phosphate and general calcium by testing the raw material of having determined the phosphorus nutrient.
In fertilizer, add humic acids.Humic acids can form complex compound with metal ion iron, aluminium, calcium, manganese, copper etc., improves the validity of trace element in the soil, and humic acids can also activate by metal fixed phosphorus to promote the absorption of plant to phosphorus.In addition, the active group in the humic acids can with the ammonia effect, generate more stable ammonium salt, have good guarantor's nitrogen effect.
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment, but and do not mean that limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Proportioning raw materials: ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate ratio 1:1.6:2.9; Calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate ratio are 2.9:1; Repone K, vitriolate of tartar ratio 1:1.2
The prescription of corn seed manure specially of the present invention is as follows:
Table 1
Raw material N% Raw material P 2O 5 Raw material K 2O% Consumption (kg/t)
Ammonium nitrate 34 98
Ammonium sulfate 20 160
Monoammonium phosphate 11 45 290
General calcium 18 100
Repone K 61 39
Vitriolate of tartar 51 49
Humic acids 116
Its preparation process is as follows:
Ammonium sulfate 160kg/t, monoammonium phosphate 290kg/t, general calcium 100kg/t, Repone K 39kg/t and vitriolate of tartar 49kg/t and humic acids 116kg/t sieve respectively earlier; each base fertilizer of screening back proportionally requires to enter rotary drum granulator via metering outfit by hopper from hopper separately; temperature is controlled at 55~60 ℃, mixes with 115~120 ℃ of ammonium nitrate 98kg/t of molten state.Meanwhile, 165~170 ℃ of saturation steams of suitable feeding improve material temperature to 60~65 ℃, make moisture content of material reach 2.5~4%.The squeeze granulation that produces when material rolls by rotary drum granulator; pellet promptly enters 55~75 ℃ of drying machines after leaving tablets press; below the dry moisture to 2.0%, through being sized to diameter 2.0~4.0mm, 30~35 ℃ of coolings promptly obtain the granular corn seed manure specially 1 of 1t then.
Embodiment 2
Proportioning raw materials: ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate ratio 1:1:2; Calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate ratio are 0.34:1; Repone K, vitriolate of tartar ratio 1:2.
The prescription of corn seed manure specially of the present invention is as follows:
Table 2
Raw material N% Raw material P 2O 5 Raw material K 20% Consumption (kg/t)
Ammonium nitrate 34 76.9
Ammonium sulfate 20 76.9
Monoammonium phosphate 11 45 153.8
General calcium 18 448
Repone K 61 30
Vitriolate of tartar 51 60
Humic acids 156.4
Its preparation process is as follows:
Ammonium sulfate 76.9kg/t, monoammonium phosphate 153.8kg/t, general calcium 448kg/t, Repone K 30kg/t and vitriolate of tartar 60kg/t and humic acids 156.4kg/t sieve respectively earlier; each base fertilizer of screening back proportionally requires to enter rotary drum granulator via metering outfit by hopper from hopper separately; temperature is controlled at 55~60 ℃, mixes with 115~120 ℃ of ammonium nitrate 76.9kg/t of molten state.Meanwhile, 165~170 ℃ of saturation steams of suitable feeding improve material temperature to 60~65 ℃, make moisture content of material reach 2.5~4%.The squeeze granulation that produces when material rolls by rotary drum granulator; pellet promptly enters 55~75 ℃ of drying machines after leaving tablets press; below the dry moisture to 2.0%, then through being sized to diameter 2.0~4.0mm, 30~35 ℃ of coolings and coating promptly obtain the granular corn seed manure specially 2 of 1t.
Embodiment 3
Proportioning raw materials: ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate ratio 1:1:2; Calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate ratio are 0.34:1; Repone K, vitriolate of tartar ratio 1:1.
The prescription of corn seed manure specially of the present invention is as follows:
Table 3
Raw material N% Raw material P 2O 5 Raw material K 2O% Consumption (kg/t)
Ammonium nitrate 34 76.9
Ammonium sulfate 20 76.9
Monoammonium phosphate 11 45 153.8
General calcium 18 448
Repone K 61 45
Vitriolate of tartar 51 45
Humic acids 156.4
Its preparation process is as follows:
Ammonium sulfate 76.9kg/t, monoammonium phosphate 153.8kg/t, general calcium 448kg/t, Repone K 45kg/t and vitriolate of tartar 45kg/t and humic acids 156.4kg/t sieve respectively earlier; each base fertilizer of screening back proportionally requires to enter rotary drum granulator via metering outfit by hopper from hopper separately; temperature is controlled at 55~60 ℃, mixes with 115~120 ℃ of ammonium nitrate 76.9kg/t of molten state.Meanwhile, 165~170 ℃ of saturation steams of suitable feeding improve material temperature to 60~65 ℃, make moisture content of material reach 2.5~4%.The squeeze granulation that produces when material rolls by rotary drum granulator; pellet promptly enters 55~75 ℃ of drying machines after leaving tablets press; below the dry moisture to 2.0%, through being sized to diameter 2.0~4.0mm, 30~35 ℃ of coolings promptly obtain the granular corn seed manure specially 3 of 1t then.
Test example 1: corn field fertilization controlled trial of the present invention
Test is handled: see Table 1
Table 5
Base fertilizer (kg/ mu) Seed manure (kg/ mu) Urea (kg/ mu) topdresses
Contrast Do not apply fertilizer
Handle 1 Sa Kefu composite fertilizer does not have seed manure 30 15
Handle 2 Sa Kefu composite fertilizer cooperates seed manure 1 of the present invention 30 10 15
Handle 3 Two ammoniums do not have seed manure 30 15
Handle 4 Two ammoniums+seed manure 2 of the present invention 30 10 15
Handle 5 Two ammoniums+seed manure 3 of the present invention 30 10 15
Sa Kefu: the composite fertilizer that China-Arab Fertilizer Co., Ltd produces.
Test site: sub-district, Qinhuangdao China-Arab Fertilizer Co., Ltd test base area: 60m 2
Table 6: field investigation
Plant height (cm) Leaf wide (cm)
Contrast Do not apply fertilizer 65 6.3
Handle 1 Sa Kefu composite fertilizer does not have seed manure 80 8.0
Handle 2 Sa Kefu composite fertilizer+seed manure 1 of the present invention 95 8.2
Handle 3 Two ammoniums do not have seed manure 70 8.0
Handle 4 Two ammoniums+seed manure 2 of the present invention 86 8.0
Handle 5 Two ammoniums+seed manure 3 of the present invention 89 8.2
Table 7: volume analysis
100-grain weight (g) Output (kg/ mu) Stimulation ratio (%)
Contrast 30.8 514.0
Handle 1 31.0 540.6 5.1
Handle 2 33.5 590.4 14.8
Handle 3 32.0 530.7. 3.2
Handle 4 34.5 585.6 13.9
Handle 5 35.0 586.7 14.1
From table 5-7 as can be seen, no matter Sa Kefu makees base fertilizer still is that two ammoniums are made base fertilizer, use the corn seed manure specially of the present invention of suitable consumption on the base fertilizer basis, make that corn plant height, leaf are loose, 100-grain weight is not more executed seed manure and all is significantly increased, amount of increase in production reaches 13.9%~14.8%.
Test example 2
Emergence of corn test of the present invention
Test is handled: do not execute seed manure, two ammoniums are done seed manure, seed manure of the present invention; More than use seed manure processing fertilizer amount and be 10kg/ mu, contact with seed when using.Sub-district area 20m 2, 3 repetitions, random alignment.Mensuration project: emergence of corn rate.
Table 8
Plant height (cm) Seedling rate (%)
Do not execute seed manure 20 85
Two ammoniums are done seed manure 24 84
Seed manure 1 of the present invention 28 95
Seed manure 2 of the present invention 27 90
Seed manure 3 of the present invention 28 89
As can be seen from Table 8: use corn seed manure specially of the present invention and can promote the corn seedling growth, improve the emergence of corn rate, make the corn seedling growth vigorous.

Claims (3)

1. corn seed manure specially, comprise nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient and potassium nutrition, it is characterized in that: the raw material of described phosphorus nutrient is calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate, its weight part is respectively 448 and 153.8, the raw material of described potassium nutrition is vitriolate of tartar and Repone K, and its weight part is respectively 60 and 30, and the raw material of described nitrogen nutrient is ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate, and wherein the weight part of ammonium nitrate and two kinds of raw materials of ammonium sulfate is 76.9, also comprises the humic acids of 156.4 weight parts.
2. corn seed manure specially, comprise nitrogen nutrient, phosphorus nutrient and potassium nutrition, it is characterized in that: the raw material of described phosphorus nutrient is calcium superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate, its weight part is respectively 448 and 153.8, the raw material of described potassium nutrition is vitriolate of tartar and Repone K, and their weight part is 45, and the raw material of described nitrogen nutrient is ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate, and wherein the weight part of ammonium nitrate and two kinds of raw materials of ammonium sulfate is 76.9, also comprises the humic acids of 156.4 weight parts.
3. the production technique of claim 1 or 2 described corn seed manure speciallies, its step is as follows:
(1) ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, Repone K and vitriolate of tartar and humic acids are weighed in proportion, and sieve respectively, each base fertilizer of screening back proportionally requires to enter rotary drum granulator via metering outfit by hopper from hopper separately, mixes with the ammonium nitrate of molten state;
(2) meanwhile, suitably feed saturation steam, improve material temperature to 60~65 ℃, make moisture content of material reach 2.5~4%; Material is by the tablets press granulation;
(3) promptly enter the drying machine drying after step (2) gained pellet leaves tablets press;
(4) promptly obtain granular corn seed manure specially through screening, cooling.
CN2006101722392A 2006-08-10 2006-12-30 Seed manure specially for corn and its production process Expired - Fee Related CN101020581B (en)

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CN101948353A (en) * 2010-09-20 2011-01-19 张彦超 Organic/inorganic salt and alkali resistant long-acting corn fertilizer
CN102976821A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-03-20 陈卫文 Compound fertilizer applicable to corn planting of high fertility area
CN103058731A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-04-24 陈卫文 Compound fertilizer suitable for growing corn in mid-low fertility areas
CN103708871A (en) * 2013-12-06 2014-04-09 广西科技大学 Composite fertilizer special for cotton
CN104692958A (en) * 2015-03-17 2015-06-10 河北盛龙农业科技有限公司 Corn compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106699486A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-05-24 贵州远盛钾业科技有限公司 Drying-free organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN110663472A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-10 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所(宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心) Close planting high-yield and high-efficiency corn planting method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1156136A (en) * 1996-01-30 1997-08-06 铁岭市德兴专用肥厂 Long-acting special fertilizer for corn and its producing process
CN1401614A (en) * 2002-09-25 2003-03-12 张伯寅 Particle fertilizer for corn
AU2003208127A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-02-05 Garry Joseph Hickey Liquid composition for application to soil and/or plants, biosolids & compostable materials
CN1508096A (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司巴陵分公司 Fertilizer special for maize

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1156136A (en) * 1996-01-30 1997-08-06 铁岭市德兴专用肥厂 Long-acting special fertilizer for corn and its producing process
AU2003208127A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-02-05 Garry Joseph Hickey Liquid composition for application to soil and/or plants, biosolids & compostable materials
CN1401614A (en) * 2002-09-25 2003-03-12 张伯寅 Particle fertilizer for corn
CN1508096A (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司巴陵分公司 Fertilizer special for maize

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