CN110199861A - A kind of atomising cultivation method of celery - Google Patents
A kind of atomising cultivation method of celery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110199861A CN110199861A CN201910563689.1A CN201910563689A CN110199861A CN 110199861 A CN110199861 A CN 110199861A CN 201910563689 A CN201910563689 A CN 201910563689A CN 110199861 A CN110199861 A CN 110199861A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of atomising cultivation methods of celery, it is cultivated using atomising cultivation device, which includes cultivation system, nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system, temperature and humidity control system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide feed system and airflow circulating system；Cultivation system includes several cultivation pipes；Nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system includes nutrient solution holding tank, ultrasonic atomization machine, nutrition pipeline road, aerosol pipeline and reflux line；Temperature and humidity control system includes hot wind air conditioner machine, atomizer and Temperature Humidity Sensor；Illumination control system includes plant growth lamp and intensity of illumination sensor；Carbon dioxide feed system includes carbon dioxide steel cylinder and conveyance conduit and carbon dioxide sensor；Airflow circulating system includes aerofoil fan.The present invention realizes that whole process can automatically adjust to temperature and humidity, intensity of illumination, the gas concentration lwevel etc. in celery seedling raising and growth whole process, is controlled according to the actual growing state of celery, the growth of quickening celery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field more particularly to a kind of atomising cultivation methods of celery.
Background technique
Celery (Apium graveolens L.) belongs to umbelliferae.There are Chinese celery, celery, three kinds of celery, function is close,
It is medicinal to be preferred with celery.Celery fragrance is denseer, claims " medicine celery ".
Celery is distributed in Europe, Asia, Africa and America.The marshland of Mediterranean is originated in, countries in the world are
Generally cultivate.Celery cultivation in China's starts from Han dynasty, has more than 2000 years history so far.Originally it is only planted as ornamental plant,
It eats afterwards, by constantly acclimatization culture, forms elongated petiole type celery cultivar, i.e. this celery (Chinese celery).This celery
It is widely distributed throughout our country, and Hebei Zunhua and the ground such as Yutian County, Shandong Wei Xian and Huantai, Henan Shangqiu, Inner Mongol Jining
It is all the famous place of production of celery.
Celery is rich in protein, carbohydrate, carrotene, B family vitamin, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium etc., meanwhile, have
Calming liver and clearing heat, expelling wind and removing dampness, relieving restlessness detumescence, cooling blood and hemostasis, promoting the dispersing function of the lung of detoxifying, stomach invigorating benefit blood, gut purge be convenient, moistening lung to arrest cough, reduction
Blood pressure, brain tonic calmness effect.Celery often is eaten, especially eats leaf of Herba Apii graveolentis, is all extremely had to preventing hypertension, artery sclerosis etc.
Benefit, and have auxiliary therapeutic action.
In recent years, celery cultivated area expands rapidly, and the plantation of China's celery mostly uses greatly traditional soil cultivation mode,
Part is by the way of water planting.Wherein conventional soil plantation growth cycle is long, and yield and quality is low, chronic administration fertilizer and pesticide pair
Environmental pollution is serious.There are nutrient solution Nutrient Absorptions for water planting unevenly, changes clothes trouble, is easy rotten influence water quality, breeds largely
Microorganism and bacterium etc..As it can be seen that existing planting type causes the production efficiency of celery low, the development of entire industry is constrained.
It is advanced using automation, Internet of Things etc. to promote the growth rate of celery and improving the yield and quality of celery
Science and technology cultivate vegetables, realize that the production of vegetable growing whole-course automation is the inexorable trend of future development.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of to mention in background above technology and defect, provide one
The atomising cultivation method of kind celery, being capable of whole-course automation production.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of atomising cultivation method of celery, is cultivated using atomising cultivation device, and the atomising cultivation device includes
Cultivation system, nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system, temperature and humidity control system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide feed system are gentle
Flow circulating system；
The cultivation system includes setting in the intracorporal several cultivation pipes of case, and the tube wall for cultivating pipe surrounds hollow cavity,
It cultivates pipe and is equipped with the planting hole for being used for cultivated plant, planting hole is provided with field planting basket, and field planting basket is at least partially disposed at the chamber
In vivo；
The nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system includes nutrient solution holding tank, ultrasonic atomization machine, nutrition pipeline road, gas
Mist pipeline and reflux line, nutrient solution holding tank are connected to by nutrition pipeline road with ultrasonic atomization machine；Ultrasonic atomization
Aerosol pipeline is connected on machine and is used to convey the nutrient solution after atomization, and the cavity of cultivation pipe is protruded into several outlet ends of aerosol pipeline
Near interior, field planting basket；Reflux line is connect with cultivation pipe, and the nutrient solution for making condensation be deposited on cultivation bottom of the tube is back to battalion
Nutrient solution holding tank；
The temperature and humidity control system include hot wind air conditioner machine, for after making water fogging in regulation box body humidity atomization
Machine and several Temperature Humidity Sensors for detection case body temperature, humidity and root system of plant region humidity；The illumination
Control system includes the intensity of illumination sensor for being set to the plant growth lamp above cultivation pipe and being set to above cultivation pipe；Institute
State the carbon dioxide sensing that carbon dioxide feed system includes carbon dioxide steel cylinder and conveyance conduit and is set to above cultivation pipe
Device；The airflow circulating system includes the aerofoil fan being arranged on cabinet；
The atomising cultivation method includes on the field planting cotton that the celery seed that will be sprouted is sowed in field planting basket, using described
Atomising cultivation device controls nursery stage and the temperature in growth period, humidity, intensity of illumination and gas concentration lwevel.
Further, setting moisture temperature sensor and heating rod in the nutrient solution holding tank, for controlling nutrient solution
Temperature and it is heated.
Further, the first solenoid valve is set on the nutrition pipeline road.
Further, the cultivation pipe cross section is inverted trapezoidal.
Further, include the steps that following:
Celery seed by disinfection treatment is subjected to vernalization processing, temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, and humid control exists
80%-90%, illumination are set as dark；
The celery seed of budding is sowed on the field planting cotton in field planting basket；
Nursery is carried out to the celery seed being sown on field planting cotton, between nursery stage daytime temperature control 19 DEG C~21 DEG C,
Nocturnal temperature is controlled at 16 DEG C~19 DEG C；In the daytime relative air humidity is maintained at 75%~85%, night air phase to leaf area
75%~80% is maintained to humidity；Root area relative air humidity is maintained at 75%~90%；The air phase of leaf area
Humidity is regulated and controled using atomizer, the relative air humidity of root area is regulated and controled using ultrasonic atomization machine；Daytime
Lighting time 10-14h, intensity of illumination are maintained at 4000Lux~8000Lux, and night illumination is set as dark；Two in daytime air
Oxidation concentration of carbon is maintained at 1000~1800ppm, and gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 600~1000ppm in night air；
It is long to 5-8 centimetres to seedling, when there is 4-6 piece true leaf, celery seedlings are carried out with the environment conditioning in growth period, growth period
Between daytime temperature control 19 DEG C~22 DEG C, nocturnal temperature control at 16 DEG C~19 DEG C；Leaf area relative air humidity in the daytime
It is maintained at 80%~90%, night relative air humidity is maintained at 75%~85%；Root area relative air humidity is maintained at
90%~98%；Daytime lighting time 16-18h, intensity of illumination be maintained at 9000Lux~16000Lux, night illumination is set as
It is dark；Daytime, the carbon dioxide concentration in air was maintained at 1500~3000ppm, and gas concentration lwevel is maintained in night air
600~1800ppm.
Further, seedling stage is 15~20 days, growth period 25-35 days.
Further, the ingredient of following concentration: ammonium nitrate 378-381mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 305- is contained in nutrient solution
307mg/L, potassium sulfate 148-152mg/L, calcium nitrate 184-188mg/L, magnesium sulfate 118-122mg/L, ammonium sulfate 117-
118mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150-160mg/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 28-30mg/L, boric acid 2.8-3.1mg/L, sulfuric acid
Iron 9-10.5mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.54mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.22mg/L, copper sulphate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg/L.
Further, nutrient solution pH value is 5.5~6.5.
Further, the control of nutrient solution EC value seedling stage is controlled in 0.6ms/cm~1.2ms/cm, growth period in 1.2ms/cm
~2.2ms/cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The present invention realizes temperature and humidity, intensity of illumination, the gas concentration lwevel etc. in celery seedling raising and growth whole process whole
It can automatically adjust, be controlled according to the actual growing state of celery, the growth of quickening celery.
Moisture needed for nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system can provide crop root system and nutrient, according to practical growing state
Automatic control and adjustment mist amount size.Nutrient solution can also be recycled simultaneously, is recycled.
Temperature and humidity control system and ultrasonic atomization machine can directly be adjusted in celery seedling raising phase and growth course automatically
Temperature, the humidity environment value of leaf portion growth district, while being also adjustable the humidity environment value near root system.It does not need manually to grasp
Make, the production efficiency of celery can be improved.
Illumination control system can directly adjust intensity of illumination in celery seedling raising phase and growth course automatically, according to growth feelings
Condition regulating illumination intensity guarantees to carry out photosynthesis when celery growth.
Carbon dioxide feed system can directly adjust carbon dioxide needed for celery seedling raising phase and growth course automatically,
Be conducive to photosynthesis.
Airflow circulating system can promote the air-flow of growth inside environment to flow, and provide the gases such as required oxygen, avoid
There is dead corner.
The present invention is from harvest is seeded into, and using live streaming, overall process does not need repeatedly to transplant seedlings, and can improve percentage of seedgermination and have
Conducive to seed late growth.Root system is injured when avoiding transplanting seedlings.Planting cost can be reduced simultaneously, improve celery yield.
The present invention can improve the yield and quality of celery, save production cost, without environmental pollution, no disease and pests harm problem,
The utilization rate for improving nutrient solution, improves photosynthesis and transpiration of celery etc..
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the atomising cultivation schematic device of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is cultivation pipe schematic diagram.
Wherein: 1, cabinet；2, cultivation pipe；21, planting hole；22, field planting basket；3, nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system；31, ultrasonic
Wave spraying machine；32, nutrient solution holding tank；33, moisture temperature sensor；34, heating rod；35, immersible pump；36, nutrient solution conveys
Pipeline；37, the first solenoid valve；38, aerosol pipeline；39, reflux line；4, hot wind air conditioner machine；5, Temperature Humidity Sensor；6, it plants
Object growth lamp；7, intensity of illumination sensor；8, carbon dioxide steel cylinder；9, carbon dioxide sensor；10, aerofoil fan；11, it is atomized
Machine.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is done below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter are generally understood meaning phase with those skilled in the art
Together.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, and it is of the invention to be not intended to limitation
Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
As the atomising cultivation device of Fig. 1 and 2, a specific embodiment of the invention specifically include that cultivation system, nutrient solution
It is atomized return-flow system 3, temperature and humidity control system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide feed system, airflow circulating system.
Cultivation system includes several cultivation pipes 2 being arranged on 1 inner support of cabinet, and the tube wall of cultivation pipe 2 surrounds hollow
Cavity.It cultivates pipe 2 and is equipped with the planting hole 21 for being used for cultivated plant, planting hole 21 is provided with field planting basket 22, and field planting basket 22 is at least
Part is located in the cavity.Field planting basket 22 places crops, can not only carry out the cultivation of crops, can also be directly fixed
It plants and carries out nursery on the field planting cotton in basket, by regulating and controlling the suitable environmental parameter factor, shorten week time in traditional seedling raising process
Phase is long, the problems such as transplanting seedlings.2 cross section of optimization cultivation pipe is inverted trapezoidal, and the nutrient solution of condensation is facilitated to flow to cultivation bottom of the tube.It is preferred that
Cabinet 1 is cabinet-type, and cultivation pipe 2 is made of transparent acrylic.
Nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system 3 includes nutrient solution holding tank 32, ultrasonic atomization machine 31, nutrition pipeline road
36, aerosol pipeline 38 and reflux line 39.Nutrient solution holding tank 32 passes through nutrition pipeline road 36 and ultrasonic atomization machine 31
Connection.The nutrient solution in nutrient solution holding tank 32 can be extracted into nutrition pipeline road 36 by immersible pump 35.Ultrasonic wave spray
Aerosol pipeline 38 is connected on mist machine 31 and is used to convey the nutrient solution after atomization, and cultivation pipe is protruded into several outlet ends of aerosol pipeline 38
In 2 cavity, near field planting basket 22.Reflux line 39 is connect with cultivation pipe 2, for making condensation be deposited on cultivation 2 bottom of pipe
Nutrient solution is back to nutrient solution holding tank 32.Preferred pipeline material is PVC.
Nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system utilizes 31 Nutrient Mist of ultrasonic atomization machine, and nutrition pipeline road 36 conveys mist
The nutrient solution of aerosolization is delivered to crop root system area by aerosol pipeline 38, provides root growth institute by the nutrient solution after change
The moisture and nutrient needed, and adjust the relative air humidity of root area.The nutrition liquid condensing of aerosolization is deposited into water, along return
Flow tube road 39 is back to the nutrient solution holding tank 32 of bottom.
In a specific embodiment, setting moisture temperature sensor 33 and heating rod 34 in nutrient solution holding tank 32, are used
In the temperature for controlling nutrient solution and it is heated.First solenoid valve 37 is set on nutrition pipeline road 36, to control nutrient solution
Feed flow.Water tank and water level controller are equipped in ultrasonic atomization machine 31.
Temperature and humidity control system includes hot wind air conditioner machine 4, atomizer 11 and the temperature and humidity sensing for being set to 1 top of cabinet
Device 5.Hot wind air conditioner machine 4 can release cold wind or hot wind, regulate and control internal crop growth environment temperature, temperature modification scope value
Between 15 DEG C -30 DEG C.At the top of cabinet 1 be arranged atomizer 11, atomizer 11 can directly water receiving pipe as water source, atomizer
11 lower sections connect a PVC short tube, and aerosol enters in cabinet 1 from PVC short tube, regulate and control the humidity value in cabinet 1.Temperature Humidity Sensor
5 include several that different location is arranged in, and some has for (including plant leaf blade region) temperature, humidity in detection box 1
For detecting root system of plant region humidity, the Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 for temperature in detection box 1, humidity can be set
2 top of pipe is cultivated, the Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 for detecting root system of plant region humidity can be set in the cavity of cultivation pipe 2.
Illumination control system includes the plant growth lamp 6 for being set to 2 top of cultivation pipe and the light for being set to 2 top of cultivation pipe
According to intensity sensor 7, intensity of illumination needed for providing crop, intensity of illumination control adjustable extent is in 3000-18000Lux.
Carbon dioxide feed system includes carbon dioxide steel cylinder 8 and conveyance conduit and the dioxy for being set to 2 top of cultivation pipe
Change carbon sensor 9.Carbon dioxide steel cylinder 8 is connected with transparent silicon sebific duct, controls its flow with second solenoid valve, controls titanium dioxide
Concentration of carbon, carbon dioxide needed for providing plant growing process, carbon dioxide adjustable extent are in 200-8000ppm.
Airflow circulating system includes being arranged each side to be equipped with 1 aerofoil fan 10 in cabinet 1, and wind speed is maintained at 0-
2m/s, for the air inside displacement apparatus, the gases such as oxygen needed for guaranteeing crops carry out photosynthesis and rising work
With.
Moisture temperature sensor 33, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, intensity of illumination sensor 7, carbon dioxide sensor 9 respectively with
Control system connection, the signal that will test are sent to control system.Control system is controlled using ARM9 master board.
The signal that control system is fed back according to moisture temperature sensor 33, whether control heating rod 34 works.Control system
According to the temperature signal that Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is fed back, the switch and operating mode of hot wind air conditioner machine 4 are controlled, to adjust temperature.
The moisture signal that control system is fed back according to Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 controls the start and stop of ultrasonic atomization machine 31, atomizer 11, with
Adjust humidity.The signal that control system is fed back according to intensity of illumination sensor 7 controls plant growth lamp 6 with regulating illumination intensity.
The signal that control system is fed back according to carbon dioxide sensor 9, control second solenoid valve opening and closing, with regulation of carbon dioxide concentration.
The atomising cultivation method of the celery of one specific embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1. seed disinfection and vernalization processing
(1) it carries out disinfection processing before sowing to celery seed
Seed is put into 5% sodium chloride, 10~30 times of liquid, at 22-26 DEG C, water is controlled in seed volume for temperature control
4-7 times, seed is impregnated into 10-15min, then seed imbibition is impregnated into 20-24h in warm water, washes by rubbing with the hands and floated with clear water repeatedly
It washes and (adds dish detergent).
(2) celery seed after disinfection is subjected to presoaking and germinating processing
By the kind skin mucosa removal of the seed after disinfection, kind of a son is wrapped up using gauze, gets rid of desorption water.Seed is uniformly put down again
On whole placement vernalization disk, vernalization disk is put into artificial greenhouse.Temperature control is at 25 DEG C -28 DEG C in artificial greenhouse, humid control
At 80%-90% (RH), 1 time/half a day of moisturizing, illumination is set as dark, does not need light filling, guarantees the oxygen for having sufficient.
2. being sowed on field planting cotton
The celery seed of budding is sown on the rectangle field planting cotton of 22 the inside of field planting basket of atomising cultivation device.Each row sets
7 field planting baskets are equipped with, 2-3 seeds are sown on the field planting cotton in each field planting basket.
3. nursery in atomising cultivation device
Nursery is carried out to the celery seed being sown on field planting cotton, the Temperature and Humidity Control of atomising cultivation device is utilized when nursery
System, nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide feed system carry out parameter regulation to seedling raising environment:
(1) temperature: regulated and controled using temperature and humidity control system.Between nursery stage daytime temperature control 19 DEG C~21 DEG C, night
Temperature is controlled at 16 DEG C~19 DEG C；
(2) humidity: relative air humidity is maintained at 75%~85% (RH) to nursery stage celery leaf area in the daytime, and night is empty
Gas relative humidity is maintained at 75%~80% (RH).
The holding of above-mentioned nursery stage celery leaf area relative air humidity is regulated and controled using atomizer 11, in the daytime by spraying when
Between continue spraying 5-10min, stop spraying 20-30min.Night spray time continues spraying 5-10min, stops spraying 30-
40min。
(3) moisture: nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system is adjusted.Nursery stage celery root system regional air relative humidity is maintained at
75%~90% (RH).
Above-mentioned nursery stage celery root system regional air relative humidity holding is regulated and controled using ultrasonic atomization machine 31, is utilized
Ultrasonic atomization machine 31 is atomized nutrient solution, nutrient needed for providing root system and moisture.Spray time continues spraying 5-
10min stops spraying 5-10min.
(4) illumination: being regulated and controled using illumination control system, and illumination is adjusted using plant growth lamp 6.When light filling on daytime
Between 10-14h, intensity of illumination be maintained within the scope of 4000Lux~8000Lux, night is not required to light filling, and intensity of illumination is maintained at
0Lux。
(5) gas concentration lwevel: being regulated and controled using carbon dioxide feed system, and daytime, the carbon dioxide concentration in air was maintained at
1000~1800ppm, gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 600~1000ppm in night air；
4. growth period
It is long to 5-8 centimetres to seedling, when there is 4-6 piece true piece, celery seedlings are carried out with the environment conditioning in growth period.Celery is raw
Long-term temperature and humidity control system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide feed system using atomising cultivation device is to seedling raising environment
Carry out parameter regulation:
(1) temperature: being regulated and controled using temperature and humidity control system, growth period daytime temperature control 19 DEG C~22 DEG C, night
Temperature is controlled at 16 DEG C~19 DEG C.Temperature must control in set range, and temperature influences the photosynthesis of celery, breathing is made
With metabolic processes such as, transpirations, the metabolic processes such as synthesis and the transport of organic matter are had an effect on.Day and night temperature reason: daytime light
Cooperation is carried out simultaneously with respiration, and in preference temperature scope, the higher the better for day temperature；Breathing work is only carried out at night
With temperature is higher, and respiration is stronger, and the organic substance of consumption is more, and temperature is lower, and respiration is weaker, consumption
Organic substance is fewer, therefore in preference temperature scope, and the lower evening temperature the better.
(2) humidity: relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~90% (RH) to growth period celery leaf area in the daytime, and night is empty
Gas relative humidity is maintained at 75%~85% (RH).Humidity value preferably must be held in this optimum range, and air humidity influences celery
Transpiration, determine the power of celery transport mineral nutrition ability, the size of air humidity influences the opening and closing of celery stomata, empty
Air humidity spend it is big or it is too small can all stomata be caused to be closed, make CO2It not can enter mesophyll cell, photosynthesis, which slows down, even to be stopped.
Above-mentioned growth period celery leaf area relative air humidity holding is regulated and controled using atomizer 11, and spray time is held
Continuous spraying 5-10min, stops spraying 10-20min.Night spray time continues spraying 5-10min, stops spraying 20-30min.
(3) moisture: nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system is adjusted.Growth period celery root system regional air relative humidity is maintained at
90%~98% (RH).Root system moistness value range must assure that in this Appropriate, because the present apparatus is the battalion using aerosolization
Moisture and nutrient needed for nutrient solution provides root system, it is necessary to be continuously maintained in root system in certain moistness value range, not so will lead to
Celery water shortage and wilt.
Above-mentioned nursery stage celery root system regional air relative humidity holding is regulated and controled using ultrasonic atomization machine 31, is utilized
Ultrasonic atomization machine 31 is atomized nutrient solution, nutrient needed for providing root system and moisture.Spray time continues spraying 5-
10min stops spraying 5-10min.Spray intervals main purpose is save the cost, as long as being maintained in preference temperature scope i.e.
Can, do not need lasting go by spraying.
(4) illumination: being regulated and controled using illumination control system, and illumination is adjusted using plant growth lamp 6.When light filling on daytime
Between 16-18h, intensity of illumination be maintained within the scope of 9000Lux~16000Lux, night is not required to light filling, and intensity of illumination is maintained at
0Lux；
(5) gas concentration lwevel: being regulated and controled using carbon dioxide feed system, and daytime, the carbon dioxide concentration in air was maintained at
1500~3000ppm, gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 600~1800ppm in night air；
The atomising cultivation method of above-mentioned celery, it is preferred that seedling stage is 15~20 days, growth period 25-35 days.Growth cycle
50-60 days or so.
The atomising cultivation method of above-mentioned celery, it is preferred that in terms of every liter of nutrient solution, containing following dense in the nutrient solution
The ingredient of degree: ammonium nitrate 378-381mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 305-307mg/L, potassium sulfate 148-152mg/L, calcium nitrate 184-
188mg/L, magnesium sulfate 118-122mg/L, ammonium sulfate 117-118mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150-160mg/L, ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium 28-30mg/L, boric acid 2.8-3.1mg/L, ferric sulfate 9-10.5mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.54mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.22mg/
L, copper sulphate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg/L.Within the scope of the invention by the concentration control of ingredient each in nutrient solution, energy
Guarantee all kinds of nutritional ingredients supply required in the Growth of Lettuce period, if exceeded or lower than this range, it cannot be guaranteed that
The nutrition supply of romaine lettuce influences the ultimate output and quality of romaine lettuce.
The atomising cultivation method of above-mentioned celery, it is preferred that the suitable pH value of the nutrient solution is 5.5~6.5.
The atomising cultivation method of above-mentioned celery, it is preferred that the nutrient solution EC value seedling stage control 0.6ms/cm~
1.2ms/cm, growth period control in 1.2ms/cm~2.2ms/cm.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by the following examples.
Embodiment 1:
The atomising cultivation method of the celery of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1. seed disinfection and vernalization processing
(1) it carries out disinfection processing before sowing to celery seed
Seed is put into 5% sodium chloride, 20 times of liquid, at 25 DEG C, water control, will at 6 times of seed volume for temperature control
Seed impregnates 15min in warm water, then seed imbibition is impregnated for 24 hours.
(2) celery seed after disinfection is subjected to presoaking and germinating processing
By the kind skin mucosa removal of the seed after disinfection, kind of a son is wrapped up using gauze, gets rid of desorption water.Seed is uniformly put down again
On whole placement vernalization disk, vernalization disk is put into artificial greenhouse.Temperature control is at 27 DEG C in artificial greenhouse, and humid control is 85%
(RH), illumination is set as dark, does not need light filling, guarantees the oxygen for having sufficient.
2. being sowed on field planting cotton
The celery seed of budding is sown on the rectangle field planting cotton inside the field planting basket of atomising cultivation device.Each row's setting
There are 7 field planting baskets, 2-3 seeds are sown on the field planting cotton in each field planting basket.
3. nursery in atomising cultivation device
Nursery is carried out to the celery seed on the field planting cotton being sown into atomising cultivation device field planting basket, mist is utilized when nursery
Change temperature and humidity control system, nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system, illumination control system, the carbon dioxide feed system pair of culture apparatus
Seedling raising environment carries out parameter regulation, and seedling raise period is 15~20 days.
(1) temperature: regulated and controled using temperature and humidity control system.Daytime temperature control is in 21 DEG C, nocturnal temperature control between nursery stage
System is at 16 DEG C.
(2) humidity: relative air humidity is maintained at 80% (RH) to nursery stage celery leaf area in the daytime, and night air is opposite
Humidity is maintained at 75% (RH).
Above-mentioned nursery stage celery leaf area relative air humidity holding is regulated and controled using atomizer 11, and spray time is held
Continuous spraying 10min, stops spraying 20min.Night spray time continues spraying 5min, stops spraying 30min.
(3) moisture: nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system is adjusted.Nursery stage celery root system regional air relative humidity is maintained at
80% (RH).
Above-mentioned nursery stage celery root system regional air relative humidity holding is regulated and controled using ultrasonic atomization machine 31, is utilized
Ultrasonic atomization machine 31 is atomized nutrient solution, nutrient needed for providing root system and moisture.Spray time continues spraying 5min,
Stop spraying 5min.
(4) illumination: being regulated and controled using illumination control system, and illumination is adjusted using plant growth lamp 6.When light filling on daytime
Between 14h, intensity of illumination be maintained within the scope of 6000Lux, night is not required to light filling, and intensity of illumination is maintained at 0Lux.
(5) gas concentration lwevel: being regulated and controled using carbon dioxide feed system, and daytime, the carbon dioxide concentration in air was maintained at
1000~1800ppm, gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 600~1000ppm in night air；
4. growth period
It is long to 5-8 centimetres to seedling, when there is 4-6 piece true piece, celery seedlings are carried out with the environment conditioning in growth period.Celery is raw
Long-term temperature and humidity control system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide feed system using atomising cultivation device is to seedling raising environment
Carry out parameter regulation, 25-35 days time in growth period.
(1) temperature: being regulated and controled using temperature and humidity control system, and daytime temperature control is in 21 DEG C, nocturnal temperature control between nursery stage
System is at 16 DEG C；
(2) humidity: relative air humidity is maintained at 85% (RH) to nursery stage celery leaf area in the daytime, and night air is opposite
Humidity is maintained at 75% (RH).
Above-mentioned growth period celery leaf area relative air humidity holding is regulated and controled using atomizer 11, and spray time is held
Continuous spraying 5min, stops spraying 10min.Night spray time continues spraying 5min, stops spraying 20min.
(3) moisture: nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system is adjusted.Growth period celery root system regional air relative humidity is maintained at
95% (RH).
Above-mentioned nursery stage celery root system regional air relative humidity holding is regulated and controled using ultrasonic atomization machine 31, is utilized
Ultrasonic atomization machine 31 is atomized nutrient solution, nutrient needed for providing root system and moisture.Spray time continues spraying 5min,
Stop spraying 5min.
(4) illumination: being regulated and controled using illumination control system, and illumination is adjusted using plant growth lamp 6.When light filling on daytime
Between 18h, intensity of illumination be maintained within the scope of 13000Lux, night is not required to light filling, and intensity of illumination is maintained at 0Lux；
(5) gas concentration lwevel: being regulated and controled using carbon dioxide feed system, and daytime, the carbon dioxide concentration in air was maintained at
1500~3000ppm, gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 600~1800ppm in night air；
Nutrient solution is calculated with every 1L, and the ingredient of following concentration: ammonium nitrate 378-381mg/L, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate is contained in nutrient solution
Hydrogen potassium 305-307mg/L, potassium sulfate 148-152mg/L, calcium nitrate 184-188mg/L, magnesium sulfate 118-122mg/L, ammonium sulfate
117-118mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150-160mg/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 28-30mg/L, boric acid 2.8-3.1mg/L,
Ferric sulfate 9-10.5mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.54mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.22mg/L, copper sulphate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg/L.
The suitable pH value of nutrient solution is 5.5~6.5.PH range can be adjusted with caustic lye of soda.In the course of cultivation, with
The growth of seedling, nutrient solution pH value is on a declining curve, when pH value be lower than 5.5 when can be added with the caustic lye of soda of 0.3%-1.2%
To adjust pH value.It is primary every detection in 5-8 days.
Nutrient solution EC value seedling stage controls in 0.6ms/cm~1.2ms/cm, and growth period controls in 1.2ms/cm~2.2ms/
cm.Primary every detection in 5-8 days as growth cycle is adjusted, each magnitude of recruitment is the 20%-30%. of primary quantity
The cultural method of the present embodiment has the following advantages:
1) the present embodiment can be shortened the growth cycle of celery, and growth cycle shortens one third or more.
2) the present embodiment can improve the quality and yield of celery, and mouthfeel is more preferably.
3) environmental parameter needed for the present embodiment energy overall process intelligent control celery, such as: temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination,
Gas concentration lwevel etc.
4) the present embodiment can directly portion's nursery in the device, do not need to transplant seedlings, improve growth rate.
Above-mentioned only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Therefore, it is all not
Be detached from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the present invention technical spirit it is made to the above embodiment it is any it is simple modification, etc.
With variation and modification, all shall fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of atomising cultivation method of celery, which is characterized in that cultivated using atomising cultivation device, the atomising cultivation
Device includes cultivation system, nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system (3), temperature and humidity control system, illumination control system, carbon dioxide confession
To system and airflow circulating system；
The cultivation system includes several cultivation pipes (2) being arranged in cabinet (1), and the tube wall of cultivation pipe (2) surrounds hollow
Cavity, cultivation pipe (2) are equipped with the planting hole (21) for cultivated plant, and planting hole (21) is provided with field planting basket (22), are colonized
Basket (22) is at least partially disposed in the cavity；
The nutrient liquid atomizing return-flow system (3) includes nutrient solution holding tank (32), ultrasonic atomization machine (31), nutrient solution conveying
Pipeline (36), aerosol pipeline (38) and reflux line (39), nutrient solution holding tank (32) by nutrition pipeline road (36) with
Ultrasonic atomization machine (31) connection；Aerosol pipeline (38) are connected on ultrasonic atomization machine (31) to be used to convey the nutrition after atomization
Liquid, several outlet ends of aerosol pipeline (38) are protruded into the cavity of cultivation pipe (2), near field planting basket (22)；Reflux line (39)
It is connect with cultivation pipe (2), the nutrient solution for making condensation be deposited on cultivation pipe (2) bottom is back to nutrient solution holding tank (32)；
The temperature and humidity control system includes hot wind air conditioner machine (4), the mist for regulating and controlling cabinet (1) interior humidity after making water fogging
Change machine (11) and several Temperature Humidity Sensors for being used for detection box (1) interior temperature, humidity and root system of plant region humidity
(5)；The illumination control system includes being set to the plant growth lamp (6) above cultivation pipe (2) and being set on cultivation pipe (2)
The intensity of illumination sensor (7) of side；The carbon dioxide feed system includes carbon dioxide steel cylinder (8) and conveyance conduit and setting
Carbon dioxide sensor (9) above cultivation pipe (2)；The airflow circulating system includes the axis stream being arranged on cabinet (1)
Fan (10)；
The atomising cultivation method includes that the celery seed that will be sprouted is sowed on the inner field planting cotton of field planting basket (22), using described
Atomising cultivation device controls nursery stage and the temperature in growth period, humidity, intensity of illumination and gas concentration lwevel.
2. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the nutrient solution holding tank (32)
Moisture temperature sensor (33) and heating rod (34) are set, for detecting and regulating and controlling the temperature of nutrient solution.
3. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nutrition pipeline road (36)
The first solenoid valve of upper setting (37).
4. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivation pipe (2) cross section is
Inverted trapezoidal.
5. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the steps that following:
Celery seed by disinfection treatment is subjected to vernalization processing, temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, and humid control is in 80%-
90%, illumination is set as dark；
The celery seed of budding is sowed on the inner field planting cotton of field planting basket (22)；
Nursery is carried out to the celery seed being sown on field planting cotton, between nursery stage daytime temperature control 19 DEG C~21 DEG C, night
Temperature is controlled at 16 DEG C~19 DEG C；To be maintained at 75%~85%, night air relatively wet for relative air humidity in the daytime for leaf area
Degree is maintained at 75%~80%；Root area relative air humidity is maintained at 75%~90%；The air of leaf area is relatively wet
Degree is regulated and controled using atomizer (11), and the relative air humidity of root area is regulated and controled using ultrasonic atomization machine (31)；
Daytime lighting time 10-14h, intensity of illumination be maintained at 4000Lux~8000Lux, night illumination is set as dark；Daytime air
Middle gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 1000~1800ppm, and gas concentration lwevel is maintained at 600~1000ppm in night air；
It is long to 5-8 centimetres to seedling, when there is 4-6 piece true leaf, celery seedlings are carried out with the environment conditioning in growth period, every other day in growth period
Between temperature control 19 DEG C~22 DEG C, nocturnal temperature control at 16 DEG C~19 DEG C；In the daytime relative air humidity is kept leaf area
80%~90%, night relative air humidity is maintained at 75%~85%；Root area relative air humidity is maintained at 90%
~98%；Daytime lighting time 16-18h, intensity of illumination be maintained at 9000Lux~16000Lux, night illumination is set as dark；
Daytime, the carbon dioxide concentration in air was maintained at 1500~3000ppm, in night air gas concentration lwevel be maintained at 600~
1800ppm。
6. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 5, which is characterized in that seedling stage is 15~20 days, growth period
25-35 days.
7. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 5, which is characterized in that containing following concentration in nutrient solution
Ingredient: ammonium nitrate 378-381mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 305-307mg/L, potassium sulfate 148-152mg/L, calcium nitrate 184-
188mg/L, magnesium sulfate 118-122mg/L, ammonium sulfate 117-118mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150-160mg/L, ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium 28-30mg/L, boric acid 2.8-3.1mg/L, ferric sulfate 9-10.5mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.54mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.22mg/
L, copper sulphate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg/L.
8. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 7, which is characterized in that nutrient solution pH value is 5.5~6.5.
9. the atomising cultivation method of celery according to claim 7, which is characterized in that nutrient solution EC value seedling stage controls
0.6ms/cm~1.2ms/cm, growth period control in 1.2ms/cm~2.2ms/cm.
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