CN110181886A - 一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材 - Google Patents

一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110181886A
CN110181886A CN201910459062.1A CN201910459062A CN110181886A CN 110181886 A CN110181886 A CN 110181886A CN 201910459062 A CN201910459062 A CN 201910459062A CN 110181886 A CN110181886 A CN 110181886A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
self
lubricating
thin
plate material
walled
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Granted
Application number
CN201910459062.1A
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English (en)
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CN110181886B (zh
Inventor
王明祥
赵虎
倪剑雄
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Ming Yang Technology (suzhou) Ltd By Share Ltd
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Ming Yang Technology (suzhou) Ltd By Share Ltd
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Priority to CN201910459062.1A priority Critical patent/CN110181886B/zh
Priority to EP19930738.0A priority patent/EP3848194B1/en
Priority to JP2022516251A priority patent/JP7309051B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2019/095376 priority patent/WO2020237784A1/zh
Priority to US17/292,444 priority patent/US11401480B2/en
Publication of CN110181886A publication Critical patent/CN110181886A/zh
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Publication of CN110181886B publication Critical patent/CN110181886B/zh
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材，其复合材料结构包括表面自润滑层、中间粘接层和金属背衬层三部分组成。所述表面自润滑层包括聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯等。其表面自润滑层较普通烧结自润滑材料厚，可降低振动，延长使用寿命。由薄壁粘接自润滑板材制成的衬套、垫片、滑板、复合轴承及其他异形件等零件，在汽车、通用机械、办公家具等领域的低速转动和相对滑动部位有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材
技术领域
本发明涉及一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材，具体涉及自润滑板材的材料组成及其结构形式。
背景技术
目前，市场上的自润滑复合板材大多为由改性高分子塑料层、中间铜粉(或金属网)和金属背衬组成的烧结自润滑板材。其中间铜粉层(或金属网)需要和金属背衬通过烧结进行结合，工艺流程长、效率低、能耗大，对环境有污染。用这种自润滑复合板材制成的零件，其自润滑层薄，缺少弹性，减震和消音性能不佳，耐磨性差，在装配时自润滑层容易脱落，使用寿命短，容易出现异响。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供了一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材，表面自润滑层、中间粘接层和金属背衬三部分组成。其中主要对表面自润滑层中的组分和配比进行了调整，包含调整后的表面自润滑层的板材具有涂层厚的特点，满足客户过盈装配、减震和降噪的性能要求。该材料具有高耐剥离性能，保证了所制作的零件克服在装配时表面自润滑层的损坏，同时该板材制造工艺流程短、效率高、能耗低、具有较好的耐磨性，对环境无污染。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材，其由表面自润滑层、中间粘接层和金属背衬三部分组成，所述表面自润滑层包括聚四氟乙烯和超高分子量聚乙烯。
优选的，所述表面自润滑层中，聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯的重量比为1-60:1-40，具体可为40:40、50:30、60:20、70:10等等。
优选的，所述表面自润滑层还包括石墨、碳粉、碳纤维粉、金属粉末、玻璃纤维粉、钛白粉、有机高分子材料中的一种或多种，优选的，所述表面自润滑层还包括玻璃纤维粉。
优选的，所述表面自润滑层中，聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯和玻璃纤维粉重量比为40-80:10-40:20。
更优选的，所述表面自润滑层中，聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯和玻璃纤维粉重量比为65:15:20。
优选的，所述的中间粘接层为热固性高分子粘结材料或热塑性高分子粘接材料。
优选的，所述热固性高分子粘结材料为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂或热固性聚酰亚胺树脂。
优选的，所述热塑性高分子粘接材料为乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂或有机氟树脂。
优选的，所述金属背衬为冷轧的钢板、铝合金板或铜合金板。
优选的，所述表面自润滑层的制备可以使用常规的制膜方法，优选为：形式1：用具有自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉末添加或不添加改性物质，采用模压工艺方式制成圆柱状，经过烧结成型，再通过车削得到高分子自润滑薄膜。形式2：具有自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉末添加或不添加改性物质，采用挤出流延工艺制成自润滑薄膜。
所述表面自润滑层厚度优选为0.1毫米-0.5毫米。
所述表面自润滑层还包括改性物质，所述改性物质包括但不限于石墨、碳粉、碳纤维粉、金属粉末及其他具有导电性能的粉末材料制成导电膜；添加包括但不限于玻璃纤维粉、钛白粉、有机高分子材料及其他不导电粉末材料制成不导电膜。
所述中间粘接层，其形式1为热固性高分子粘结材料，常用的包括但不限于环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、热固性聚酰亚胺树脂等；形式2为热塑性高分子粘接材料，常用的包括但不限于乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂、有机氟树脂等。
所述中间粘接层厚度为0.01毫米-0.1毫米。
所述金属背衬，包括但不限于冷轧的钢板、铝合金板和铜合金板，所有冷轧金属板粘接面需要表面活化处理；其活化处理方式包括但不限于表面化学涂覆处理或物理喷砂处理。
所述金属背衬厚度在0.1毫米-2.0毫米。
由多种高分子材料按照一定比例复合形成的多组分表面自润滑层具有较好的耐磨性、摩擦系数等，由所述多组分表面自润滑层参与形成的薄壁粘接自润滑板材具有薄壁（最薄可以做到0.25mm厚度）、轻质等复合材料优异性能，壁薄缩小了机械机构的体积，轻质又进一步降低了机械机构的重量，可降低振动，延长使用寿命。
所述薄壁粘接自润滑板材制成的衬套、垫片、滑板、复合轴承及其他异形件等零件，在汽车、通用机械、办公家具等领域的低速转动和相对滑动部位有广阔的应用前景。
有益效果：
本发明的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，通过对板材中表面自润滑层的组分和组分含量的调整和选择，使得所述薄壁粘接自润滑板材具有高耐剥离性能，保证了所制作的零件克服在装配时表面自润滑层的损坏，同时该板材制造工艺流程短、效率高、能耗低、具有较好的耐磨性，对环境无污染；更重要的是，本发明的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，具有较低的磨损宽度和摩擦系数，磨损宽度可以低至3.98mm，摩擦系数可以低至0.185。
附图说明
图1是薄壁粘接自润滑板材结构示意图。
附图标记说明：图1中1表面自润滑层；2中间粘结层；3金属背衬。
具体实施方式
实施例1-6
按照配方将各组分称量混合，混合均匀后在30MPa左右压力下制成圆柱毛坯，然后在380℃左右烧结，最后通过旋切成厚度为0.25mm的薄膜，即为表面自润滑层薄膜。
性能测试：将实施例1-6制备得到的表面自润滑层薄膜进行耐磨性能、摩擦系数测定，摩擦磨损性能按GB-3960标准测试。测试结果见下表1：
表1 实施例1-6的测试结果
通过表1可以发现，当聚四氟乙烯粉末、超高分子量聚乙烯粉末和玻璃纤维粉末的重量比为65:15:20时，磨损宽度和摩擦系数均可以达到最低值。
对比实施例1
将实施例1中的超高分子量聚乙烯替换为聚醚醚酮粉末，其他同实施例1，测试结果见下表2：
表2 对比例的测试结果
最后应说明的是：显然在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

1.一种薄壁粘接自润滑板材，其由表面自润滑层、中间粘接层和金属背衬三部分组成，所述表面自润滑层包括聚四氟乙烯和超高分子量聚乙烯。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述表面自润滑层中，聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯的重量比为1-60:1-40。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述表面自润滑层还包括石墨、碳粉、碳纤维粉、金属粉末、玻璃纤维粉、钛白粉、有机高分子材料中的一种或多种，优选的，所述表面自润滑层还包括玻璃纤维粉。
4.一种如权利要求3所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述表面自润滑层中，聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯和玻璃纤维粉重量比为40-80:10-40:20。
5.一种如权利要求4所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述表面自润滑层中，聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯和玻璃纤维粉重量比为65:15:20。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，其中所述表面自润滑层薄膜以如下方法形成：形式1：采用模压工艺方式制成圆柱状，经过烧结成型，再通过车削得到表面自润滑层薄膜；或形式2：采用挤出流延工艺制成表面自润滑层薄膜。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述的中间粘接层为热固性高分子粘结材料或热塑性高分子粘接材料。
8.一种如权利要求7所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述热固性高分子粘结材料为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂或热固性聚酰亚胺树脂。
9.一种如权利要求7所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述热塑性高分子粘接材料为乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂或有机氟树脂。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的薄壁粘接自润滑板材，所述金属背衬为冷轧的钢板、铝合金板或铜合金板。
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