CN110171985A - 一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
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- 235000009262 Dracaena angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007833 Dracaena angustifolia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 at abroad Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052652 orthoclase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
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Abstract
本发明提供一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品及其制备方法，涉及陶瓷制品技术领域，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石30‑40份、瓷石40‑50份、膨润土5‑10份、滑石3‑8份、硅灰石6‑15份、粘土4‑10份、石英1‑3份、多聚磷酸钠0.2‑0.6份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石5‑15份、石英30‑40份、钾长石10‑20份、高岭土9‑15份、滑石10‑20份、碳酸钡15‑25份、硼砂10‑20份、氧化锌5‑10份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.1‑0.5份，本发明制得的陶瓷制品具有较高的釉面硬度、光泽度和热稳定性，并且降低了烧成温度，利于节能减排，所采用的原料易得，价格低廉，降低了生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制品技术领域，具体涉及一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前我国陶瓷制品已和金属材料、有机高分子材料共同构成工业生产与科学技术领域不可或缺的三大材料之一。我国的陶瓷远销海外，而用于出口的陶瓷一般都是无破损的一等制品，价格昂贵，给陶瓷企业带来巨大的利润。
近年来，随着工农业生产和人民生活现代化的发展，能源危机日益严重，世界各国大力提倡“节能减排”，而陶瓷工业作为国民经济中的耗能大户之一，其产品成本很大一部分来自燃料的消耗，在国外，燃料消耗约占生产总陈本的25％，而我国往往高达30％以上，因此，陶瓷工业节能降耗成为各相关企业降低成本，提高生产效率的中药手段，收到研究工作者的高度重视。目前，陶瓷工业节能途径很多，最根本的就是在保证产品质量的前提下，降低陶瓷制品的烧成温度，缩短其烧成周期。
在陶瓷生产过程中，有很多质量上稍微有瑕疵的二等、三等品及次品等，这些产品大部分在国内以廉价售出，或者直接作为耐火材料销售，极大影响了厂家的收入效益。甚至有些厂家将一些破损程度很大的次品重新熔化，而回收利用的成本比重新购买陶土生产的成本要大，所以也有厂家对应次品选择了直接丢弃。
针对这一情况，现有技术中，采用将陶瓷表面上的斑点除掉，用釉料重新覆盖烧成，用这种方法生产，将会大幅度提高陶瓷产品的成品率。因此，为降低能耗和产品成本，和防止破坏原有釉面和胚体，这种起表面修复作用的陶瓷釉料最好采用低温烧成。
因此，提供一种低温釉，使其与陶瓷胚体具有良好的附着力，有效改善陶瓷制品表面光滑效果，陶瓷制品降低烧成温度，缩短烧成周期，达到节能减排效果，是本领域目前迫切需求。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品及其制备方法，制得的陶瓷制品具有较高的釉面硬度、光泽度和热稳定性，并且降低了烧成温度，利于节能减排，所采用的原料易得，价格低廉，降低了生产成本。
(二)技术方案
为实现以上目的，本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石30-40份、瓷石40-50份、膨润土5-10份、滑石3-8份、硅灰石6-15份、粘土4-10份、石英1-3份、多聚磷酸钠0.2-0.6份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石5-15份、石英30-40份、钾长石10-20份、高岭土9-15份、滑石10-20份、碳酸钡15-25份、硼砂10-20份、氧化锌5-10份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.1-0.5份。
优选的，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石32-36份、瓷石44-48份、膨润土6-8份、滑石5-7份、硅灰石10-13份、粘土6-9份、石英2-3份、多聚磷酸钠0.3-0.5份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石8-12份、石英32-36份、钾长石15-18份、高岭土10-14份、滑石15-18份、碳酸钡18-23份、硼砂15-18份、氧化锌6-9份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.2-0.4份。
优选的，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石35份、瓷石46份、膨润土7份、滑石6份、硅灰石12份、粘土7份、石英2份、多聚磷酸钠0.4份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石10份、石英35份、钾长石17份、高岭土11份、滑石16份、碳酸钡20份、硼砂16份、氧化锌7份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.3份。
上述低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)陶瓷坯体的制备：按比例称取陶瓷坯体各原料加入到球磨罐中，加入其质量2/5-4/5倍的水，湿法球磨30-50min后，制成浆料；将浆料烘干，过筛、造粒、陈腐后制成陶瓷坯体；
2)低温釉的制备：按比例称取原料混合得混合料，首先将硼砂经350-400℃煅烧成NaB407·H2O；将混合料和水放入球磨机中球磨8-10h后过280-300目筛，陈腐20-24h，得低温釉浆；
3)施釉：将低温釉浆采用浸釉或毛笔涂抹法涂覆在陶瓷坯体上，将上釉后的陶瓷坯体在100-110℃下干燥6-8h；
4)烧成：将经步骤3)上釉干燥后的陶瓷坯体放入电阻炉中加热，烧成温度为980-1060℃，升温速率为2-5℃/min，保温0.5-1h，得陶瓷制品。
进一步的，步骤1)，浆料烘干后，过30-50目筛制成胚料粉，向胚料粉喷入部分水，过10-20目筛造粒，造粒后放入料桶陈腐20-24h。
进一步的，步骤2)中，混合料与磨球、水的质量比为1:2.1-2.5:0.8-1.2。
进一步的，步骤2)中，低温釉浆密度1.4-1.5g/cm3，含水率在30-35％。
本发明各原料中的化学成分如表1所示。
表1
(三)有益效果
本发明提供了一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品及其制备方法，采用合理的原料配比以及制备方法，使得制得的陶瓷制品具有较高的釉面硬度、光泽度和热稳定性，并且降低了烧成温度，利于节能减排，所采用的原料易得，价格低廉，降低了生产成本。
其中，陶瓷坯体原料矸石、磁石、膨润土、滑石、硅灰石、粘土、石英中主要成分为高岭石、正长石、蒙脱石等，尤其是煤矸石中高岭石、石英、碳及其它矿物是以纳米粒状结构和纳米层状结构存在，相互分散，彼此紧密接触，这种纳米结构状态可以降低烧结温度；硅灰石在烧成过程中可起到矿化剂作用促进化学反应，形成低粘度的玻璃相，有利于胚釉中间层的发育；
钾长石有明显的助熔作用，还可起到高温热塑作用和高温胶结作用，防止陶瓷高温变形，提高其干燥强度；滑石可降低陶瓷制品的透明度和釉层弹性，降低热膨胀系数，提高热稳定性，促使坯釉中间层生成，提高陶瓷坯体与釉层的结合性；方解石可缩短烧成周期，提高釉面折射率、透明度和光泽度；硼砂和碱金属、碱土金属氧化物以及硅酸盐等混合可在比较低的温度下形成硼硅酸盐聚合熔体，可增强紫外线的透射率，提高陶瓷制品的透明度及耐热性能，并且使瓷釉不易脱落并具有光泽；制备时先将硼砂煅烧，可避免釉料焙烧过程中因硼砂大量脱水引起的釉面质量问题。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石35份、瓷石46份、膨润土7份、滑石6份、硅灰石12份、粘土7份、石英2份、多聚磷酸钠0.4份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石10份、石英35份、钾长石17份、高岭土11份、滑石16份、碳酸钡20份、硼砂16份、氧化锌7份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.3份。
上述低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)陶瓷坯体的制备：按比例称取陶瓷坯体各原料加入到球磨罐中，加入其质量3/5倍的水，湿法球磨50min后，制成浆料；将浆料烘干，过50目筛制成胚料粉，向胚料粉喷入部分水，过20目筛造粒，造粒后放入料桶陈腐24h后制成陶瓷坯体；
2)低温釉的制备：按比例称取原料混合得混合料，首先将硼砂经350℃煅烧成NaB407·H2O；将混合料和水放入球磨机中球磨10h后过300目筛，其中，混合料与磨球、水的质量比为1:2.1:1.2，陈腐20h，得低温釉浆，低温釉浆密度1.4g/cm3，含水率在30-35％；
3)施釉：将低温釉浆采用浸釉或毛笔涂抹法涂覆在陶瓷坯体上，将上釉后的陶瓷坯体在100℃下干燥7h；
4)烧成：将经步骤3)上釉干燥后的陶瓷坯体放入电阻炉中加热，烧成温度为1040℃，升温速率为3℃/min，保温0.5h，得陶瓷制品。
实施例2：
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石30份、瓷石48份、膨润土5份、滑石7份、硅灰石6份、粘土9份、石英1份、多聚磷酸钠0.5份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石5份、石英36份、钾长石10份、高岭土14份、滑石10份、碳酸钡23份、硼砂10份、氧化锌9份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.1份。
上述低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)陶瓷坯体的制备：按比例称取陶瓷坯体各原料加入到球磨罐中，加入其质量2/5倍的水，湿法球磨30min后，制成浆料；将浆料烘干，过30目筛制成胚料粉，向胚料粉喷入部分水，过10目筛造粒，造粒后放入料桶陈腐20h后制成陶瓷坯体；
2)低温釉的制备：按比例称取原料混合得混合料，首先将硼砂经400℃煅烧成NaB407·H2O；将混合料和水放入球磨机中球磨8h后过280目筛，其中，混合料与磨球、水的质量比为1:2.5:1，陈腐22h，得低温釉浆，低温釉浆密度1.5g/cm3，含水率在30-35％；
3)施釉：将低温釉浆采用浸釉或毛笔涂抹法涂覆在陶瓷坯体上，将上釉后的陶瓷坯体在110℃下干燥6h；
4)烧成：将经步骤3)上釉干燥后的陶瓷坯体放入电阻炉中加热，烧成温度为1060℃，升温速率为5℃/min，保温0.5h，得陶瓷制品。
实施例3：
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石40份、瓷石44份、膨润土10份、滑石5份、硅灰石15份、粘土6份、石英3份、多聚磷酸钠0.3份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石15份、石英2份、钾长石20份、高岭土10份、滑石20份、碳酸钡18份、硼砂20份、氧化锌6份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.5份。
上述低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)陶瓷坯体的制备：按比例称取陶瓷坯体各原料加入到球磨罐中，加入其质量4/5倍的水，湿法球磨40min后，制成浆料；将浆料烘干，过40目筛制成胚料粉，向胚料粉喷入部分水，过20目筛造粒，造粒后放入料桶陈腐22h后制成陶瓷坯体；
2)低温釉的制备：按比例称取原料混合得混合料，首先将硼砂经400℃煅烧成NaB407·H2O；将混合料和水放入球磨机中球磨9h后过300目筛，其中，混合料与磨球、水的质量比为1:2.2:0.8，陈腐24h，得低温釉浆，低温釉浆密度1.47g/cm3，含水率在30-35％；
3)施釉：将低温釉浆采用浸釉或毛笔涂抹法涂覆在陶瓷坯体上，将上釉后的陶瓷坯体在105℃下干燥8h；
4)烧成：将经步骤3)上釉干燥后的陶瓷坯体放入电阻炉中加热，烧成温度为980℃，升温速率为2℃/min，保温1h，得陶瓷制品。
实施例4：
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石32份、瓷石50份、膨润土6份、滑石8份、硅灰石10份、粘土10份、石英2份、多聚磷酸钠0.6份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石8份、石英40份、钾长石15份、高岭土15份、滑石15份、碳酸钡25份、硼砂15份、氧化锌10份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.2份。其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5：
一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，该低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石36份、瓷石40份、膨润土8份、滑石3份、硅灰石13份、粘土4份、石英3份、多聚磷酸钠0.2份；低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石12份、石英30份、钾长石18份、高岭土9份、滑石18份、碳酸钡15份、硼砂18份、氧化锌5份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.4份。其制备方法同实施例1。
本发明实施例1-5制得的陶瓷制品光洁明亮、平滑细腻、釉面平整、无凹坑、针孔、气泡等缺陷，坯釉结合良好，无翘曲现象，测试其性能均达到国家标准，结果如表2所示。
表2：
综上，本发明实施例具有如下有益效果：本发明实施例1-5制得的陶瓷制品具有较高的釉面硬度、光泽度和热稳定性，并且降低了烧成温度，利于节能减排，所采用的原料易得，价格低廉，降低了生产成本。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种低温釉烧陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，所述陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石30-40份、瓷石40-50份、膨润土5-10份、滑石3-8份、硅灰石6-15份、粘土4-10份、石英1-3份、多聚磷酸钠0.2-0.6份；所述低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石5-15份、石英30-40份、钾长石10-20份、高岭土9-15份、滑石10-20份、碳酸钡15-25份、硼砂10-20份、氧化锌5-10份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.1-0.5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的低温釉烧陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，所述陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石32-36份、瓷石44-48份、膨润土6-8份、滑石5-7份、硅灰石10-13份、粘土6-9份、石英2-3份、多聚磷酸钠0.3-0.5份；所述低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石8-12份、石英32-36份、钾长石15-18份、高岭土10-14份、滑石15-18份、碳酸钡18-23份、硼砂15-18份、氧化锌6-9份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.2-0.4份。
3.如权利要求1所述的低温釉烧陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述低温釉烧陶瓷制品为将低温釉涂覆在陶瓷坯体上并通过干燥、烧成得到，所述陶瓷胚体包括以下质量分数的原料：煤矸石35份、瓷石46份、膨润土7份、滑石6份、硅灰石12份、粘土7份、石英2份、多聚磷酸钠0.4份；所述低温釉包括以下质量分数的原料：方解石10份、石英35份、钾长石17份、高岭土11份、滑石16份、碳酸钡20份、硼砂16份、氧化锌7份、羧甲基纤维素钠盐0.3份。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)陶瓷坯体的制备：按比例称取陶瓷坯体各原料加入到球磨罐中，加入其质量2/5-4/5倍的水，湿法球磨30-50min后，制成浆料；将浆料烘干，过筛、造粒、陈腐后制成陶瓷坯体；
2)低温釉的制备：按比例称取原料混合得混合料，首先将硼砂经350-400℃煅烧成NaB407·H2O；将混合料和水放入球磨机中球磨8-10h后过280-300目筛，陈腐20-24h，得低温釉浆；
3)施釉：将低温釉浆采用浸釉或毛笔涂抹法涂覆在陶瓷坯体上，将上釉后的陶瓷坯体在100-110℃下干燥6-8h；
4)烧成：将经步骤3)上釉干燥后的陶瓷坯体放入电阻炉中加热，烧成温度为980-1060℃，升温速率为2-5℃/min，保温0.5-1h，得陶瓷制品。
5.如权利要求4所述的低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤1)，浆料烘干后，过30-50目筛制成胚料粉，向胚料粉喷入部分水，过10-20目筛造粒，造粒后放入料桶陈腐20-24h。
6.如权利要求4所述的低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中，所述混合料与磨球、水的质量比为1:2.1-2.5:0.8-1.2。
7.如权利要求4所述的低温釉烧陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中，所述低温釉浆密度1.4-1.5g/cm3，含水率在30-35％。
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