CN110122214A - The double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country - Google Patents
The double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122214A CN110122214A CN201910552643.XA CN201910552643A CN110122214A CN 110122214 A CN110122214 A CN 110122214A CN 201910552643 A CN201910552643 A CN 201910552643A CN 110122214 A CN110122214 A CN 110122214A
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- watermelon
- stand
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- melon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country, including seed screening and seed treatment, nursery and field planting, stand and hanging tendril, training, fertilising and top dressing is built, artificial supplementary pollination, melon and Trivhosantnes Kirilouii Manim is selected, sprays insecticide, watering, the processing of residual harmful object, in time harvesting；The present invention provides small watermelon open country double season stand density high yield cultivating methods, stand is fixed between alley before field planting, it is planted by stand hanging tendril size row duplicate rows, increase the planting density of open country small watermelon, pass through early spring stubble and the double season plantations of summer and autumn stubble, it realizes and yields two crops a year, improve the yield of watermelon, increase peasant income, by the l-Alanine that 56% is added in watering proce, and 8 Vc effervescent tablets are added, remaining nitrite ion during immersion is chosen can be effectively eliminated, so as to reduce the content of nitrite in watermelon.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to small watermelon planting technology fields, specifically, being related to the double season stand density of small watermelon open country
High yield cultivating method.
Background technique
Small watermelon is lesser one kind of fruit shape in common watermelon, normotrophic fruit list melon focus on 1.0-2.0kg it
Between, small watermelon fruit shape beauty is small and exquisite, fine and tender taste, juice multi-flavor sweet tea, quality are splendid, and it is easy to carry, it is popular among consumers, closely
A little years, with the improvement of people's living standards, the miniaturization of family and the rise of tourist industry, year by year to the demand of small watermelon
Increase, small watermelon is rapidly developed, and compared with common watermelon, small watermelon growing way is weaker, and yield is lower, is innovated thus small
Type growth of watermelon mode, raising small watermelon planting density is most important, during small watermelon facility cultivation, passes through hanging tendril
Mode, can effectively improve soil and space utilization rate, increase planting density, improve and sit melon rate, mitigate pest and disease damage, thus
The yield and quality of watermelon is improved, small watermelon fruit shape is small, and pericarp is thin, mature fast, and the unreasonable application of moisture easilys lead to split
Melon, water wanes or the superfluous yield and product that can all influence small watermelon in the supply amount of moisture, supply period and growth course
Matter, the mineral element that watermelon absorbs is based on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three, and the entire breeding time absorbed nitrogen of watermelon is most, and potassium takes second place, and phosphorus is most
Lack, only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium reasonable employment, the yield of watermelon and quality can be just greatly improved, although enough nitrogenous fertilizer is yield production of water melon
Basis, but nitrogenous fertilizer can excessively reduce the sugar content of fruit, influence quality of watermelon, since small watermelon growth potential is weaker than common west
Melon, therefore the fertilizer demand of small watermelon and common watermelon are entirely different.
Since small watermelon growth and development characteristics and common watermelon are different, often referring to common in melon grower's planting process
Cultivating watermelon technology is managed, and is caused in small watermelon cultivation, chemical fertilizer and pesticide excessively application, yield and quality decline etc.
Phenomenon generally occurs or even some peasant households are prevention and treatment pest and disease damage, largely uses highly toxic and high-persistent pesticide, causes product pesticide residue
Exceeded, " toxic water melon " phenomenon also happens occasionally, and substantially reduces productivity effect.
Small watermelon needs to carry out seed before plantation immersion cultivation, existing open country growth of watermelon technology be climb formula
Plantation, ground grows tendril when climbing formula plantation can be exposed in earth's surface, and space occupied is big, and the plantation amount of unit area is few, yield
It is not high, in the prior art open country plantation watermelon 1 year can only a mature season, therefore, the small watermelon for adapting to Dezhou weather is advanced
Open country double cropping mode is particularly significant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that the above problem can be overcome by overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind
Or it at least is partially solved the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country of the above problem.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is using the basic conception of technical solution: the double Ji Li of small watermelon open country
Frame density high yield cultivating method: the following steps are included:
S1, seed screening and seed treatment:
A, seed is placed in the mixed solution of gibberellin and potassium nitrate, is pulled out after impregnating 30-40 minutes, uses clear water
It cleans；
B, the seed after cleaning is pulled out and is placed on ventilative filter paper, it is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C that filter paper, which is placed on outdoor temperature,
No-wind environment under receive ultraviolet light irradiation 2-5h, it is continuous to shine 2-3 days；
S2, nursery and field planting:
Hole plate seedling growth, stock, which shifts to an earlier date 6-8 days or so, to be sowed, and when stock cotyledon is unfolded, when long at the beginning of true leaf, watermelon seed is broadcast
Kind, when stock the 1st true leaf expansion, is grafted, with bamboo stick by the master pulse of stock side cotyledon to other side cotyledon direction oblique cutting
1-1.5cm, scion watermelon two panels cotyledon flattening, the lozenges of growth 1cm is cut with blade in the case where tying tassel leaf at 1-1.5cm,
Scion cotyledon and stock cotyledon are in crosswise, build arched shed, upper coating plastic film and sunshade net using bamboo chip, the seedling after grafting is put
The air humidity for setting environment is greater than 95%, long to 3-5mm to radicle after cultivating 3-5 days, raises plastic film ventilation, temperature ring
Border controls after 20-28 DEG C, 4-6 days, and day temperature control watermelon plant after 22-30 DEG C, 14 days grows true leaf, evening temperature
Control is at 16-20 DEG C；
Site preparation does ridge before being colonized, bedding mulch, and when transplanting digs out vesicle on mulch, puts the watermelon seedling formed after grafting,
Blinding compacting；
Early spring and the cultivation of two crops for rotation of summer and autumn are carried out in 1 year；
S3, stand and hanging tendril, training are built:
When building stand, it is small in the ranks that stand is inserted in two alleys, 13-15 meters are inserted into one, are fixed with iron wire, are used stand
Increase planting density, planting density is 2000-2200 plants/667m2；It is getting rid of climing tiller initial stage, blade is hung when being 4-6 piece
Climing, as plant strain growth manually pruned in time in seedling growth stage around climing, every plant of one main stem of reservations and one are by force
Strong lateral bine, extra lateral bine remove in time；
S4, fertilising and top dressing:
It is imposed in the plant shoots phase and stretches climing fertilizer, per acre 10-15Kg, compound fertilizer is imposed in the plant swollen melon phase, at swollen melon one week
Afterwards, the compound fertilizer Sui Shui of configuration is applied in ditch ridge；
S5, artificial supplementary pollination: hypertrophy, stalwartness, the male flower of more powder and main stem the 2nd, the progress of 3 female flowers that the same day opens are chosen
Artificial supplementary pollination；
S6, melon and Trivhosantnes Kirilouii Manim are selected:
Young melon it is long to egg size when, win hypogenetic fruit in time, every plant at least retain 1 fruit rectify,
Well-developed children's melon；
When young melon it is long to 7cm or more when, Trivhosantnes Kirilouii Manim is carried out using the string bag, and the string bag is fixed in stand by iron wire；
S7, it sprays insecticide:
Different pesticides is chosen according to the difference of pest and disease damage to be sprayed；
S8, watering:
Irrigation amount is controlled in Seedling Stage, the knot melon phase increases water and stablizes watering, 6-8 days pour seedling recovering waters after field planting, young melon
It when length to size is 5-10cm, sufficiently waters, in the swollen melon phase, enough waterings 1-2 times harvest the watering of stopping in first 7 days；
S9, the processing of residual harmful object:
In watering, concentration is added in water and is 56% l-Alanine, and 8-10 piece Vc effervescent tablet is added；
S10, in time harvesting.
Preferably, the sieve of 200-400 mesh was carried out to seed before carrying out step s1, the concentration of potassium nitrate is
0.1g/ml, gibberellin concentration are 0.01g/ml.
Preferably, in step S2 early spring stubble when Seeding planting, spacing in the rows 40cm, after the transplanting of early spring crops for rotation, in the every 60cm of melon ditch
It is inserted into high 28-30cm, the bow item of span 60-70cm covers film on bow item.
Preferably, during step S3 builds stand, fly net is installed in stand, the insect prevention mesh is 38-45 mesh.
Preferably, yellow sticky trap is installed in the stand, the yellow sticky trap packing density be 30-40 piece/
667m2。
Preferably, during the pesticide spraying, using 40% imidacloprid aqueous solvent, 2000 times of liquid, 10% Nitenpyram water
2000 times of liquid of agent, 25% pymetrozine suspension agent, 2000 times of liquid are anti-to eliminate aphis, and is gone out using 25% Buprofezin missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, 50%
1800 times of liquid of fly amine wettable powder, 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 500 times of liquid prevent and treat trialeurodes vaporariorum；
20% 500 times of liquid of virus A wettable powder or the clever emulsion 1200- of 1.5% value disease are sprayed in initial stage of viral disease
1500 times of liquid；
Bacterial angular leaf spot is prevented using 600-800 times of liquid of 78% Mancozeb wettable powder, can be sprayed at the initial stage of a disease
20% 500 times of Thiodiazole-copper suspending agents liquid.
Preferably, planting site is carried out turning over ridge when preparing before broadcasting and does ditch, 120 centimetres of wide row space, 40 centimetres of small line-spacing,
Wide 50~60 centimetres, deep 20~30 centimetres of melon ditch are dug at small row, after applying base manure, be made into wide 70~80 centimetres, it is 20 centimetres high
Small high ridge, two sides are suitably higher by 8~10 centimetres.
Preferably, in step s2, stock is pumpkin anvil or cucurbit anvil, and in graft seedling growth, open country early spring crops for rotation select March
No. 5-March 15 seeding and growing seedling, open country summer and autumn crops for rotation select seeding and growing seedling on 25-July of June 5.
Preferably, when step s4 applies fertilizer, apply urea 16Kg/667m2, cross phosphorus calcium 70Kg/667m2, potassium sulfate 30Kg/
667m2。
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of the small watermelon open country, can be in annual early March to mid-March kind
Early spring crops for rotation watermelon is planted, summer and autumn crops for rotation watermelon can be planted in the first tenday period of a month in annual late June to July, so as to realize 1 year two
It is ripe, improve the yield of small watermelon.
2, stand is mounted on two when installing stand by the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of the small watermelon open country
Alley is small in the ranks, and every 13-15 meters is inserted into one, the watermelon by the installation of stand, so as to realize lifting plantation, after plantation
Tendril is wrapped in stand, and planting density can reach 2000-2200 plants/667m2, common growth of watermelon density only have 1400 plants/
667m2, installed by stand and realize lifting plantation, to further increase the yield of watermelon.
3, the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of the small watermelon open country pass through gibberellin and nitre before growth of watermelon
The mixed solution of sour potassium impregnates watermelon seed 30-40 minutes, so as to improve seed vitality, improves the germination of small watermelon
Rate is further ensured that the yield of watermelon, in watering, l-Alanine and the 8-10 piece Vc effervescent tablet that concentration is 56% is added, leads to
L-Alanine and Vc effervescent tablet are crossed, so as to absorb the nitrite ion in small watermelon, is effectively prevented sub- in watermelon
The generation of nitrate guarantees the edibility of small watermelon.
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is as a part of the invention, and for providing further understanding of the invention, of the invention is schematic
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention, but does not constitute an undue limitation on the present invention, it is clear that the accompanying drawings in the following description
Only some embodiments to those skilled in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these attached drawings.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is l-Alanine concentration and nitrous acid in the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country of the present invention
The line chart of salt clearance rate.
It should be noted that these attached drawings and verbal description are not intended to the design model limiting the invention in any way
It encloses, but illustrates idea of the invention by referring to specific embodiments for those skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in embodiment is clearly and completely described, the following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but
It is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Before plantation, the screening of small watermelon seed is carried out using the sieve that mesh size is 250 mesh, is screened full, strong
The red clever small watermelon seed of health, the potassium nitrate solution that 1L concentration is 0.1g/ml is poured into configuration vessel, it is dense to pour into 800ml
Degree is the Gibberellins solution of 0.01g/ml, after mixing evenly, watermelon seed is placed in configuration vessel, is fished out after impregnating 30 minutes
Out, after being eluriated using clear water, the seed after cleaning is placed on ventilative filter paper, and filter paper is placed on the nothing that temperature is 25 DEG C
4h is irradiated under air compartment external environment, during sunning, continuous turn-over makes its sunning uniformly, and sunning is collected after 2 days, by red mould
The mixed solution of element and potassium nitrate impregnates watermelon seed 35 minutes, so as to improve seed vitality, to improve small watermelon
Germination percentage, guarantee the yield of watermelon, the seed after immersion be irradiated by ultraviolet light, so as to improve the light of seed
Cooperation is used, and the vigor of seed is further improved, to further increase the germination percentage of seed.
Turf 70g, perlite 20g, vermiculite 10g, bio-bacterial manure 10g are placed in configuration cylinder, after mixing evenly, will be matched
The nutrient matrix set is poured in seedling culture hole plate, and seed is placed in seedling culture hole plate, after cultivating 5 days, stock is selected to be transferred
Connect, the glad anvil in pumpkin anvil ' capital 2 may be selected in stock variety ', ' the glad anvil in capital 4 ', or selection cucurbit anvil ' strong anvil ', ' the glad anvil 1 in capital
Number ', in grafting, with the true leaf and growing point of blade removal stock, with bamboo stick from the master pulse of stock side cotyledon to the other side
Cotyledon is directed downward the deep about 1cm of oblique cutting, is then whittled into the wedge shape that inclined-plane is about 1cm at 1.5cm under scion cotyledonary node with blade
Face inserts in the hole with the scion that will have been cut, and scion cotyledon and stock cotyledon are in a cross-shaped mode, is put into cave after being fixed with Grafting clip
Disk is grafted in greenhouse using stock, builds arched shed, upper coating plastic film and sunshade net, the seedling after grafting using bamboo chip
The air humidity for placing environment is 95%, long to 4mm to radicle after cultivating 4 days, raises plastic film ventilation, temperature environment control
System is after 25 DEG C, 5 days, and day temperature control watermelon plant after 25 DEG C, 14 days grows true leaf, and evening temperature is controlled at 18 DEG C；
Early spring and two season of summer and autumn crops for rotation growing nursery and culture are planted in 1 year, early spring crops for rotation select seeding and growing seedling on March 10, the choosing of summer and autumn crops for rotation
Seeding and growing seedling on July 3 is selected, present embodiment is to carry out implementation plantation in Dezhou district, is realized 1 year according to Dezhou district weather
Two is ripe, improves yield.
During open country field planting, by 120 centimetres of wide row space, 40 centimetres of small line-spacing is wide by 55 along north-south excavation in little Hang Chu
Centimetre, deep 25 centimetres of melon ditch be made into wide 78 centimetres, high 20 centimetres of small high ridge, two sides are suitably higher by 10 lis after applying base manure
Rice forms water blocking edge, by seedling cultivation in high ridge, during plantation, and 2100 plants of small watermelon childrens of every 667 square metres of plantations
Seedling assigns stand before plantation on alley, is installed by stand, a piece stand of every 14 meters of insertions when stand is installed, to mention
High planting density further improves yield, controls and waters in Seedling Stage, prevents rice shoot from growing suddenly, in the knot melon phase, each irrigation amount
Stablize, prevents to split melon, major part melon and bottle gourd, do not water within 7 days after field planting, prevent moisture excessive and over growth is caused to fall
Flower, by the installation of stand, so as to realize lifting plantation, the watermelon tendril after plantation is wrapped in stand, and then improves
Planting density can increase yield by improving planting density.
It is getting rid of climing tiller initial stage, blade carries out hanging tendril when being 5, raw in seedling as plant strain growth carries out manually around climing
Branches and tendrils are trimmed for a long time, every plant of seedling retains a main stem and a strong lateral bine, extra lateral bine are trimmed in time, protects
It demonstrate,proves every plant of watermelon and receives that nutrition is abundant, and then improve the survival rate after watermelon knot melon.
When the diameter for bearing melon is 8cm, irrigation amount is increased, watering carries out enough until irrigating in the swollen melon phase every time
Watering 2 times, in seed screening and seed treatment processes, nitrate ion and nitrite ion in potassium nitrate may be into
Enter to seed, nitrite may be will become after solarization by remaining in intraseminal nitrite ion, and the later period passes through
Nitrogenous fertilizer and potassium nitrate are spilt in applying for column, may make potassium ion and Nitrogen ion too high levels in seed, in small watermelon growth course
In, nitrite ion can increase because of nitrite remaining in seed in melon, may generate the nitrous being harmful to the human body
Hydrochlorate the l-Alanine of 200g is added into water, and 9 Vc effervescent tablets are added, when the concentration of l-Alanine in each watering
When reaching 25%, the clearance rate of nitrite reaches maximum value 48%, to effectively remove the nitrite in watermelon, makes Asia
The content of nitrate is in lower than the content for endangering personal safety, the harvesting watering of stopping in first 7 days, thus guarantee that sugar is not lost,
Guarantee the sugariness of small watermelon.
During top dressing, stretching the climing phase can impose and once stretch climing fertilizer, and amount of application is urea 10kg per acre, potassium sulfate
10kg, swollen melon phase top dressing is based on phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and when fruit grows to egg size, mu applies potassium sulfate 25kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg,
Urea 5kg；When fruit the rim of a bowl size, swelling melon fertilizer is imposed, applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg, potassium sulfate 10kg per acre, in pollination, is carried out
Artificial supplementary pollination.
In pesticide spraying, anti-eliminate aphis selects 40% imidacloprid aqueous solvent, 2000 times of liquid, 10% Nitenpyram aqua
2000 times of liquid, 25% pymetrozine suspension agent, 2000 times of liquid, virosis can spray 20% virus A wettable powder at the initial stage of a disease
The 1200 times of liquid prevention and treatments of 500 times of liquid or the clever emulsion of 1.5% value disease, bacterial angular leaf spot can spray 78% Mancozeb before the onset can
800 times of liquid preventions of wet powder, early stage spray 20% Thiodiazole-copper suspending agents, 500 times of liquid prevention and treatments, and watermelon grafting is mainly with pre-
Based on anti-, 16% polyoxin B soluble granule, 1000 times of liquid preventions can be being sprayed before the onset, using 25% Buprofezin missible oil 1000
Times liquid, 50% cyromazine wettable powder, 1800 times of liquid, 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 500 times of liquid prevent and treat trialeurodes vaporariorums, in disease pest
Phase sprays different pesticides according to different illnesss and different pests, to prevent illness or pest erosion damage watermelon vine
Climing and blade further improves the yield of watermelon to improve the knot melon rate of watermelon.
After plantation in 25 days, small watermelon is mature, picks two days later to small watermelon mature, and when picking reveals
Ground early spring crops for rotation mid-June starts to harvest.Open country summer and autumn crops for rotation mid-September starts to harvest successively, by plantation in two seasons of one year,
Substantially increase the yield of small watermelon.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country, it is substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is different
It is that small watermelon seed variety is Jin Qilin.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country, it is substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is different
It is that small watermelon seed variety is rose-tinted clouds eight.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country, it is substantially the same manner as Example 1, it is different
It is that small watermelon planting patterns is Creeping-culture, small watermelon kind is capital grain husk -6.
Watermelon, which is surveyed to produce, checks and accepts table 1
It surveys to produce referring to embodiment 1-4 and watermelon and checks and accepts table 1, when harvesting, clever -6 small watermelons folding in the capital of common Creeping-culture
Per mu yield 2506kg, the red clever small watermelon folding per mu yield for using stand to plant is 3538.84kg, using the golden Qi of stand plantation
Unicorn small watermelon roll over per mu yield be 3593.80kg, use stand plant No. eight small watermelons of rose-tinted clouds folding per mu yield for
The red clever small watermelon shading sugar of 3762.92kg, stand plantation reach 12%, and formula small watermelon is climbed on the ground of common species family plantation
Refractive power sugar only has 10%, and stand plantation can be improved planting density, and the illuminating area that receives of stand plantation is greater than and commonly climbs
Cultivating and growing to improve the sugariness of watermelon, and is greater than using the small watermelon weight of stand plantation and commonly climbs plantation
Small watermelon weight, further improves the yield of watermelon.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this patent
Member without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using above-mentioned prompt make it is a little change or be modified to
The equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention content, it is right according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by above embodiments, in the range of still falling within the present invention program.
Claims (9)
1. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1, seed screening and seed treatment:
A, seed is placed in the mixed solution of gibberellin and potassium nitrate, pulls out after impregnating 30-40 minutes, is washed using clear water
Only；
B, the seed after cleaning is pulled out and is placed on ventilative filter paper, filter paper is placed on the nothing that outdoor temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C
Receive ultraviolet light irradiation 2-5h under wind environment, it is continuous to shine 2-3 days；
S2, nursery and field planting:
Hole plate seedling growth, stock shift to an earlier date 6-8 days and sow, when stock cotyledon is unfolded, when long at the beginning of true leaf, and watermelon seed sowing, stock the 1st
Piece true leaf is grafted when being unfolded, and is connect the master pulse of stock side cotyledon to other side cotyledon direction oblique cutting 1-1.5cm with bamboo stick
Fringe watermelon two panels cotyledon flattening, with blade in the case where tie tassel leaf 1-1.5cm at cutting grow up 1cm lozenges, scion cotyledon with
Stock cotyledon is in crosswise, builds arched shed, upper coating plastic film and sunshade net using bamboo chip, and the seedling after grafting places the sky of environment
Air humidity degree is greater than 95%, long to 3-5mm to radicle after cultivating 3-5 days, raises plastic film ventilation, temperature environment is controlled in 20-
28 DEG C, after 4-6 days, day temperature control watermelon plant after 22-30 DEG C, 14 days grows true leaf, and evening temperature is controlled in 16-20
℃；
Site preparation does ridge before being colonized, bedding mulch, and when transplanting digs out vesicle on mulch, puts the watermelon seedling formed after grafting, blinding
Compacting；
Early spring and the cultivation of two crops for rotation of summer and autumn are carried out in 1 year；
S3, stand and hanging tendril, training are built:
When building stand, it is small in the ranks that stand is inserted in two alleys, 13-15 meters are inserted into one, are fixed with iron wire, are increased using stand
Planting density, planting density are 2000-2200 plants/667m2；It getting rid of climing tiller initial stage, blade carries out hanging tendril when being 4-6 piece, with
Plant strain growth manually pruned in time in seedling growth stage around climing, every plant of one main stem of reservation and one it is strong
Lateral bine, extra lateral bine removes in time；
S4, fertilising and top dressing:
Imposed in the plant shoots phase and stretch climing fertilizer, per acre 10-15Kg, impose compound fertilizer in the plant swollen melon phase, swollen melon after a week, will
The compound fertilizer Sui Shui of configuration is applied in ditch ridge；
S5, artificial supplementary pollination: open hypertrophy, stalwartness, the male flower of more powder and main stem the 2nd, 3 female flowers carry out manually on the day of choosing
Supple-mentary pollination；
S6, melon and Trivhosantnes Kirilouii Manim are selected:
In young melon length to egg size, hypogenetic fruit is won in time, and every plant at least retains 1 fruit and rectifies, develops
Good children's melon；
When young melon it is long to 7cm or more when, Trivhosantnes Kirilouii Manim is carried out using the string bag, and the string bag is fixed in stand by iron wire；
S7, it sprays insecticide:
Different pesticides is chosen according to the difference of pest and disease damage to be sprayed；
S8, watering:
Irrigation amount is controlled in Seedling Stage, the knot melon phase increases water and stablizes watering, 6-8 days pour seedling recovering waters after field planting, and young melon is long extremely
When size is 5-10cm, sufficiently water, in the swollen melon phase, enough waterings 1-2 times, the harvesting watering of stopping in first 7 days；
S9, the processing of residual harmful object:
In watering, concentration is added in water and is 56% l-Alanine, and 8-10 piece Vc effervescent tablet is added；
S10, in time harvesting.
2. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: into
The sieve of 200-400 mesh was carried out before row step s1 to seed, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 0.1g/ml, and gibberellin concentration is
0.01g/ml。
3. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step
In S2 early spring stubble when Seeding planting, spacing in the rows 40cm after the transplanting of early spring crops for rotation, is inserted into high 28-30cm, span in the every 60cm of melon ditch
The bow item of 60-70cm covers film on bow item.
4. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
During S3 builds stand, fly net is installed in stand, the insect prevention mesh is 38-45 mesh.
5. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Yellow sticky trap is installed, the yellow sticky trap packing density is 30-40 piece/667m in stand2。
6. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
During pesticide spraying, using 40% imidacloprid aqueous solvent, 2000 times of liquid, 10% Nitenpyram aqua, 2000 times of liquid, 25% pyrrole aphid
2000 times of liquid of ketone suspending agent are anti-to eliminate aphis, using 25% Buprofezin missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, 50% cyromazine wettable powder 1800
Times liquid, 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 500 times of liquid prevent and treat trialeurodes vaporariorums；
20% 500 times of liquid of virus A wettable powder or the clever emulsion 1200-1500 of 1.5% value disease are sprayed in initial stage of viral disease
Times liquid；
Bacterial angular leaf spot is prevented using 600-800 times of liquid of 78% Mancozeb wettable powder, 20% can be sprayed at the initial stage of a disease
500 times of liquid of Thiodiazole-copper suspending agents.
7. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: before broadcasting
Planting site is carried out turning over ridge when preparation and does ditch, 120 centimetres of wide row space, 40 centimetres of small line-spacing is dug 50~60 lis wide in little Hang Chu
Rice, deep 20~30 centimetres of melon ditch are made into wide 70~80 centimetres, high 20 centimetres of small high ridge, two sides are suitably high after applying base manure
8~10 centimetres out.
8. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step
In s2, stock is pumpkin anvil or cucurbit anvil, and in graft seedling growth, the selection nursery on 5-March of March 15 of open country early spring crops for rotation is broadcast
Kind, open country summer and autumn crops for rotation select seeding and growing seedling on 25-July of June 5.
9. the double season stand density high yield cultivating methods of small watermelon open country according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
When rapid s4 fertilising, apply urea 16Kg/667m2, cross phosphorus calcium 70Kg/667m2, potassium sulfate 30Kg/667m2。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113207667A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-06 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for annually producing fruit type Mare pickled melons |
| CN114145195A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | One-year two-cropping drip irrigation cultivation planting method for field watermelons |
| CN115176655A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-14 | 宁夏塞上江南农业科技有限公司 | Intensive seedling raising method for watermelons |
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| CN103609278A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-03-05 | 新疆生产建设兵团农六师农业科学研究所 | Solar greenhouse watermelon cultivating method |
| CN103875384A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-06-25 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | Efficient cultivation method for fine varieties of small watermelons |
| CN108419628A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-21 | 宁夏平罗中青种业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of aspermous watermelon |
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| CN103609278A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-03-05 | 新疆生产建设兵团农六师农业科学研究所 | Solar greenhouse watermelon cultivating method |
| CN103875384A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-06-25 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | Efficient cultivation method for fine varieties of small watermelons |
| CN108419628A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-21 | 宁夏平罗中青种业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of aspermous watermelon |
Cited By (4)
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| CN113207667A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-06 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for annually producing fruit type Mare pickled melons |
| CN113207667B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-04-19 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for annually producing fruit type Mare pickled melons |
| CN114145195A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | One-year two-cropping drip irrigation cultivation planting method for field watermelons |
| CN115176655A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-14 | 宁夏塞上江南农业科技有限公司 | Intensive seedling raising method for watermelons |
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