CN110121968A - A kind of mining area stone pit ecological restoring method - Google Patents
A kind of mining area stone pit ecological restoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110121968A CN110121968A CN201810108232.7A CN201810108232A CN110121968A CN 110121968 A CN110121968 A CN 110121968A CN 201810108232 A CN201810108232 A CN 201810108232A CN 110121968 A CN110121968 A CN 110121968A
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000223233 Cutaneotrichosporon cutaneum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000223260 Trichoderma harzianum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000231739 Rutilus rutilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000276 sedentary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of mining area stone pit ecological restoring method, belong to restoration of the ecosystem field, in this method, stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, obtains miberal powder, and immersion treatment is carried out using the aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid to gained miberal powder, obtain pretreatment miberal powder；It in pretreatment miberal powder plus water, carries out shear treatment after agglomerating dose, obtains jelly；After stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and the separation layer that is made of gangue and flyash, it is compacted in water spray；Then carry out the operation such as backfilling new soil and crop-planting.This method is a kind of systematicness, pointedly restorative procedure, a variety of behaves are used in combination simultaneously, integrate recycling, reparation, reduction mining area toxicity, abundant mining area nutrition, increase mining area object diversity and other effects, by long-term repair, and then discarded mining area is changed into available ground, but also can avoid added soil moved in improve the original and be etched, guarantee the normal growth of institute's long-term cropping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to restoration of the ecosystem fields, in particular to a kind of mining area stone pit ecological restoring method.
Background technique
Mineral Resources in China is abundant, and current explored mineral products just have more than 100 kinds, and wherein reserves are countries in the world forefront
Nearly 20 kinds of mineral metal products.With the development of the development of the national economy and production technique, mining amount is still being continuously increased.
Mineral resources and development and utilization provide various substances and the energy to the mankind, but also destroy land resource, pollution
Environment.Especially some industrial and mining areas in China due to do not consider in exploitation of mineral resources protect land resource, maintaining ecological balance,
Cause land ecosystem to be seriously damaged, greatly affected the development of local agricultural production.So containing in industrial and mining area
Destroyed land resource trend, builds good ecological environment, has major and immediate significance to agricultural production.
In the related technology, to mining area stone pit, mainly by physical means to mining area into backfilling soil moved in improve the original after simple process,
And it plants vegetation and realizes.However, generate a large amount of solid waste in mining process, including be stripped roach, barren rock and
Tailing etc., tailing waste thing usually contain the soil of mixing, the gravel of different-grain diameter, tailing waste and its sedentary product etc., with
Normal soil makes a big difference.Such as, the concentration of harmful heavy metal is larger in mining area, and the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus is very
It is low, the 20%-30% of probably only normal vegetative coverage soil average value.For these reasons, the soil moved in improve the original of backfill be easy to by
To pollution (and in periodical erosion), further causes mining area organic matter decomposition and nitrogen mineralization process to be suppressed, lead
Bio-diversity decaying is caused, vegetation growth is severely impacted.
In view of this, the ecological restoring method for providing a kind of systematically mining area stone pit is urgently to be resolved one in this field
A technical problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of mining area stone pit ecological restoring method, the method goes out from multiple angles
Hair integrates ore effective use, multifactor, multistage interim reparation, has good mining area stone pit restoration of the ecosystem effect
Fruit.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
A kind of mining area stone pit ecological restoring method, described method includes following steps:
1), stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, obtains miberal powder, and utilize to gained miberal powder and contain sulphur
The aqueous solution of acid carries out immersion treatment, obtains pretreatment miberal powder；
2) it, in pretreatment miberal powder plus water, carries out shear treatment after agglomerating dose, obtains jelly；
3), the stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and is made of gangue and flyash
After separation layer, it is compacted in water spray；
4), stone pit after compaction is laid with arbor trunk, and backfills soil moved in improve the original after applying distintegrant；
Wherein, based on parts by weight, the soil moved in improve the original includes: 20-60 parts of diatomite, 30-40 parts of turfy soil, bentonite 15-
80 parts, 15-60 parts of flyash, 20-30 parts of muck, 15-30 parts of plant straw powder, 3-8 parts of plant growth regulator, plant growth
0.01-0.5 parts of regulator, 10-20 parts of coco bran, 2-8 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 10-20 parts of rice chaff ash and 6-18 parts of inorganic salts；
6) draft, grass or the wooden graminaceous plant are planted after, turning over to the stone pit after backfill soil moved in improve the original, to institute's planting plants
After being unearthed and growing 6-8 months, plant is gathered in, is backfilled after shining dry doubling on-site incineration；
7), to the stone pit for being backfilled with burning ash with 20-30/m2Density be inoculated with earthworm, and after cultivating the predetermined time
It is turned over again, completes to repair.
It optionally, include aluminium chloride, ferric sulfate, bodied ferric sulfate, sulfuric acid Asia in described agglomerating dose in step 2)
One of iron, iron chloride, zinc chloride, titanium tetrachloride, sodium carbonate, lime, active silica or bentonite are a variety of.
In this mining area stone pit ecological restoring method provided by the present application, with traditional biggish difference of restorative procedure
One is, has carried out immersion treatment after rejected ore is crushed in sulfuric acid, after impregnating the specific time, can remove major part
By harmful metal ion contained in miberal powder；And it can be repeated after impregnating the further adsorption treatment of diluted acid waste water used in ore
It utilizes.More it is essential that in this application, agglomerating dose of miberal powder and set weight after immersion treatment at high speed into
Shear treatment of having gone is highly convenient for being routed to the mining area after leveling in this way, and at the miberal powder of bulk to form jelly
Its inertia is larger, and remaining metal ion is not easy to return.In the application, active carbon layer is directly contacted with jelly, is played into one
The effect of step absorption harmful ion, and the separation layer being made of gangue and flyash is as inert layer, by soil moved in improve the original and miberal powder
Barrier action is played, further reduces and is returned on miberal powder harmful ion and bring endangers.
In the application, its compatibility relationship of added soil moved in improve the original is fastidious, by the specific compatibility of various material components and preparation,
Both it can be used as crop and good nutrient matrix be provided, good Effect of Ecological Restoration also may be implemented；In addition, arbor trunk
Add a spotlight as the application, one side may be implemented (including to starch the adding layers of the soil moved in improve the original of upper part and lower part
Shape body, separation layer etc.) thermal insulation effect, and then prevent that the adding layers temperature difference by lower part is big and causes to cause soil moved in improve the original temperature larger
Difference variation.In addition, arbor trunk surface is used as supporting layer, there is biggish hole after laying, can be microorganism
Breeding breeding provides sufficient space and oxygen, while added distintegrant can be in a short time to decomposed point of arbor trunk
Solution, and heat is generated, metabolite is accumulated, mining area biomass and nutrition are increased.
In this application, plantation draft, grass or the wooden graminaceous plant are received after being unearthed and growing 6-8 months
Cut, shine dry doubling on-site incineration after backfill, the operation is most important for the restoration of the ecosystem in mining area, crop during growth,
A large amount of metal ions in mining area can be utilized, be absorbed by it, and realize ecology of mining areas reparation by the activity of root system, plant
Growth course is exactly the mistake of the reduction of mining area harmful ion and native moisture in the soil reparation, bio-diversity increase, the accumulation nutrition of mining area soil property
Journey under the premise of reduction mining area innate toxicity obtains, also directly increases fertility so backfilling after burning to harvesting plant.By
After primary harvesting, good reparation, microbial biomass, organic matter accumulation, native moisture in the soil porosity etc. is can be obtained in the ecology in mining area
Meet crop normal growth, be re-introduced into earthworm at this time, loose mining area is played by the breeding activity of earthworm, accumulates metabolin, together
When added bait (suitably being selected in combination with mining area pH value) can be to the pH in mining area during feeding earthworm
To further adjustment effect, to meet needed for plant growth.
It is above-mentioned it is found that pointedly restorative procedure, a variety of behaves are used in combination simultaneously this application provides a kind of systematicness, collection
Recycling repairs, reduction mining area toxicity, enriches mining area nutrition, increase mining area object diversity and other effects in one, by long-term
It repairs, and then discarded mining area is changed into available ground, but also can be etched to avoid added soil moved in improve the original, guarantee is planted
The normal growth of crop.
Optionally, in described agglomerating dose, by weight percentage, comprising: aluminium chloride 10-15%, bodied ferric sulfate
8-12%, zinc chloride 12-20%, active silica 6-15%, sodium carbonate 4-10% and excess water.
Above-mentioned several inorganic agglomerating dose of compositions are by testing discovery once in a while, and the mixture of several substances is for miberal powder
Agglomerating effect is very prominent, and miberal powder can be made to be wrapped by its characteristic for being easy to sinking of the disease in turn, shape after high speed shear
At the paste mixture for being highly susceptible to being laid with.
Optionally, in step 1), the concentration of the aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid is 12-40%, and the mass ratio with miberal powder is
1:(1.5-2)；The time of immersion treatment is 24-50 hours.
Immersion treatment is carried out to miberal powder with the sulfuric acid of certain concentration, some heavy metal ion contained in miberal powder and sulfuric acid are joined
Add and react and be removed, reduce the harm and erosiveness of miberal powder, it is furthermore preferred that limiting during immersion the temperature of water
It is scheduled between 40-60 DEG C, within this temperature range, the removal rate of metal ion can be improved.
Optionally, it in step 2), specifically includes:
It is 1:(0.8-1 that miberal powder, water, agglomerating dose of mass ratio, which will be pre-processed): after the ratio of (0.5-0.8) mixes, in revolving speed
To shear 1-1.2 hours under the revolving speed of ten thousand turns/min of 1.2-1.5, jelly is obtained.
In the preferred scheme, miberal powder, water and agglomerating dose of ratio are particularly limited, so guarantee miberal powder surface with
Agglomerating dose comes into full contact with, and in the shearing manipulation of high speed, the physical property of miberal powder is changed, and then constantly reunites and be slurried, and is convenient for
Subsequent laying.
Optionally, in step 3), the thickness ratio of the active carbon layer, jelly and separation layer is 1:(2-3):
(0.5-1)；Wherein, in the separation layer, the mass ratio of gangue and flyash is 1:(0.2-0.6).
In order to further increase the adsorption effect of active carbon and the isolation effect of separation layer, spy is to active carbon layer, jelly
And the thickness ratio of separation layer is defined, over time, unwanted particles contained in miberal powder will be slow release, therefore
Release phenomenon is avoided in such a way that the active carbon layer contacted therewith is by absorption, meanwhile, it is returned on unwanted particles in order to prevent,
It uses and is isolated by mass ratio for the separation layer of 1:(0.2-0.6) being made of gangue and flyash.More importantly
Separation layer with specific proportion after contacting with the soil moved in improve the original of surface coating, has the effect of improving surface temperature, porosity
Adsorptivity is showed, with arbor trunk, distintegrant and soil moved in improve the original collective effect, good microbial reproduction environment is built, has
Prevent hardened, the multiple effects such as improvement soil property crumb structure and increase fertility.
Optionally, in step 4), the length of the arbor trunk is 0.5-1 meters, and the surface of the arbor trunk is dipped
There is microbial inoculum；The distintegrant is using turf as carrier, and load has Trichoderma harzianum, muscardine, green muscardine fungus, saccharomycete, vinegar
One of acidfast bacilli, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria or bacillus subtilis are a variety of；
In the microbial inoculum, including bacillus subtilis and stickiness the trichosporon cutaneum bacterium solution after fermented and cultured, and
In every gram of bacterium solution, viable count is not less than 500,000,000.
In the preferred scheme of the application, arbor trunk, arbor are laid with to the stone pit after pre-processing and compacting
(preferred cross sectional area is not more than 30cm to the strip that trunk preferred length is 40-80 centimetres2), which has isolation heat preservation
Effect can prevent to cause soil moved in improve the original that biggish temperature difference occurs by the temperature change of bottom miberal powder layer, meanwhile, surface has
Bacillus subtilis and stickiness the trichosporon cutaneum bacterium solution after fermented and cultured, to accelerate it to degenerate, when appropriateness occurs in it
After corruption, there is good adsorption effect, on the one hand prevent to return on heavy metal, on the other hand, adsorb more nutrient matrixes, into
And increase mining area fertility.It is furthermore preferred that after being laid with arbor trunk, then its surface is laid with one layer of rotted leaf or straw, rotted leaf or
Straw more easily rots and is utilized, and can further improve thermal insulation effect.
The microorganism of distintegrant preferably a variety of strong capacities of decomposition, and using turf as carrier, have and accelerates wood materials, tree
Dry, rotted leaf corruption effect, than the decomposed time that the decomposed bacterium of single thallus can shorten 1/3-1/2.
Optionally, in step 4), the preparation method of the soil moved in improve the original includes:
Muck and plant straw powder is added after the diatomite of set weight, flyash are mixed, stirs and evenly mixs post-fermentation 2-3
A month, obtain fermentation soil；
Spray water after the fermentation soil is turned in its Surface Edge, side applies turfy soil and bentonite, until by turfy soil and
Bentonite carries out secondary turn after adding；
It is added in the fermentation soil after secondary turn and sequentially adds coco bran, rice chaff ash, plant growth regulator and inorganic salts,
Mix rear heap fermentation thoroughly 10-15 days, then after stirring in 15-20 DEG C of solarization 1-2 hours to get.(note: when in use, slow-release fertilizer is additional
Addition)
This method combines specific soil moved in improve the original to prepare raw material, by the way that specific raw material is fermented, turned and tedded
Operation, manufactured soil moved in improve the original fertility is strong, and does not agglomerate loosely；Furthermore this method is simple and easy, convenient for the preparation of a large amount of soil moved in improve the originals, in case
Needed for reparation.
Optionally, in step 6), during harvesting, stone pit is turned over, collects the subterraneous root and ground of plant
Upper boom is simultaneously dried rear while being burned, and plant ash resulting after burning and chicken manure is mixed thoroughly latter with backfill.
For the crop of First Year plantation, especially gramineous crop, if the growth overall process restoration of the ecosystem weight of crop
The component part wanted, after its growth and maturity, no matter limb or seed, equal inedibility is preferably received in the application
It is backfilled after drying burning after cutting, to increase the fertilizer efficiency for repairing section.It is furthermore preferred that the plant ash and chicken manure after burning mix thoroughly it is latter same
Backfill.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) in the present invention, effective processing has been carried out to the ore in mining area, and use in reparation, has changed the prior art
In to ore stack and caused by secondary pollution.
(2) in the present invention, the method for restoration of the ecosystem is incremental, i.e., physics, chemistry and microorganism remediation are integrated, tool
There is reparation thorough, hence it is evident that improve the effect of mining area ecological environment；
(3) in the present invention, during reparation, a variety of behaves are used in combination, to prevent miberal powder heavy metal is return from serving as theme, collection
Closing reparation, getting fat, changing reparation area's crumb structure, increase reparation area's biomass and diversity is starting point, is repaired by long-term
After multiple improvement, steadily plantation in mining area effect may be implemented.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
The mining area stone pit ecological restoring method of the application, includes the following steps:
Stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, obtains miberal powder, and utilize to gained miberal powder and contain sulfuric acid
Aqueous solution carries out immersion treatment, obtains pretreatment miberal powder；
It in pretreatment miberal powder plus water, carries out shear treatment after agglomerating dose, obtains jelly；
Stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and the isolation being made of gangue and flyash
After layer, it is compacted in water spray；
Stone pit after compaction is laid with arbor trunk, and backfills soil moved in improve the original after applying distintegrant；
Wherein, based on parts by weight, soil moved in improve the original include: 20-60 parts of diatomite, 30-40 parts of turfy soil, 15-80 parts of bentonite,
15-60 parts of flyash, 20-30 parts of muck, 15-30 parts of plant straw powder, 0.01-0.5 parts of plant growth regulator, coco bran 10-
20 parts, 2-8 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 10-20 parts of rice chaff ash and 6-18 parts of inorganic salts；
Draft, grass or the wooden graminaceous plant are planted after turning over to the stone pit after backfill soil moved in improve the original, are gone out to institute's planting plants
Soil and after growing 6-8 months, gathers in plant, backfills after shining dry doubling on-site incineration；
To the stone pit for being backfilled with burning ash with 20-30/m2Density be inoculated with earthworm, and carried out after cultivating the predetermined time
It turns over again, completes to repair；
Agglomerating dose, the aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and separation layer etc. can also be carried out on the basis of above scheme into
The optimization of one step limits；Restriction can also be optimized to distintegrant and soil moved in improve the original simultaneously, further to realize more preferably mining area
Stone pit repairing effect.On the basis of above scheme, below with reference to scheme of the specific embodiment to the application carry out into
The explanation of one step.
Embodiment 1
Stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, obtains miberal powder, and is 12% using concentration to gained miberal powder
The aqueous solution (being 1:2 with the mass ratio of miberal powder) of sulfuric acid carry out immersion treatment 30 hours, obtain pretreatment miberal powder；
It is 1.2 ten thousand turns/min in revolving speed after the ratio mixing that miberal powder, water, agglomerating dose of mass ratio are 10:8:5 will be pre-processed
Revolving speed under shear 1 hour, obtain jelly；The agglomerating dose of mixed liquor for aluminium chloride and bodied ferric sulfate；
Stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and the isolation being made of gangue and flyash
It after layer, is compacted in water spray, the thickness ratio of active carbon layer, jelly and separation layer is 1:2:1；Wherein, in separation layer,
The mass ratio of gangue and flyash is 5:1；
Stone pit after compaction is laid with arbor trunk (length is 0.5-1 meters), and backfills soil moved in improve the original after applying distintegrant；With
Parts by weight meter, soil moved in improve the original include: 20 parts of diatomite, 30 parts of turfy soil, 15 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of flyash, 20 parts of muck, plant
15 parts of straw powder, 0.01 part of plant growth regulator, 10 parts of coco bran, 2 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 10 parts of rice chaff ash and 6 parts of inorganic salts；
In microbial inoculum, including bacillus subtilis and stickiness the trichosporon cutaneum bacterium solution after fermented and cultured, and every gram
In bacterium solution, viable count is not less than 500,000,000；Distintegrant using turf as carrier, and load have Trichoderma harzianum, muscardine, green muscardine fungus and
Saccharomycete；
Rear maize planting is turned over to the stone pit after backfill soil moved in improve the original, after institute's maize planting is unearthed and grows 6-8 months, is received
Plant is cut, is backfilled after shining dry doubling on-site incineration；To the stone pit for being backfilled with burning ash with 20-30/m2Density be inoculated with earthworm,
And turned over again after cultivating 3 months, it completes to repair.
Embodiment 2
Stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, and utilizing concentration to gained miberal powder is 20% sulfuric acid
Aqueous solution (mass ratio with miberal powder is 1:1.5) carries out immersion treatment 50 hours, obtains pretreatment miberal powder；
It is 1.5 ten thousand turns/min's in revolving speed after the ratio mixing that miberal powder, water, agglomerating dose of mass ratio are 5:5:4 will be pre-processed
It is sheared 1 hour under revolving speed, obtains jelly；By weight percentage, agglomerating dose includes: aluminium chloride 15%, polyaluminum sulfate
Iron 8%, zinc chloride 20%, active silica 15%, sodium carbonate 10% and excess water.
Stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and the isolation being made of gangue and flyash
It after layer, is compacted in water spray, the thickness ratio of active carbon layer, jelly and separation layer is 1:3:0.5；Wherein, separation layer
In, the mass ratio of gangue and flyash is 5:3；
Stone pit after compaction is laid with arbor trunk (length is 0.5-1 meters), and backfills soil moved in improve the original after applying distintegrant；
Based on parts by weight, soil moved in improve the original includes: 60 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of turfy soil, 80 parts of bentonite, 60 parts of flyash, excrement
30 parts of fertilizer, 30 parts of plant straw powder, 0.5 part of plant growth regulator, 20 parts of coco bran, 2 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 20 parts of rice chaff ash and inorganic
18 parts of salt；
In microbial inoculum, including bacillus subtilis and stickiness the trichosporon cutaneum bacterium solution after fermented and cultured, and every gram
Viable count in bacterium solution is not less than 600,000,000；Distintegrant using turf as carrier, and load have Trichoderma harzianum, muscardine, green muscardine fungus,
Saccharomycete, acetobacter, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus subtilis；
Rear maize planting is turned over to the stone pit after backfill soil moved in improve the original, after institute's maize planting is unearthed and grows 6-8 months, is received
Plant is cut, dry doubling on-site incineration is shone and is backfilled after being mixed with chicken manure；To the stone pit for being backfilled with burning ash with 20-30/m2's
Density is inoculated with earthworm, and is turned over again after cultivating 2 months, completes to repair.
Embodiment 3
Stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, and utilizing concentration to gained miberal powder is 40% sulfuric acid
Aqueous solution (mass ratio with miberal powder is 1:1.5) carries out immersion treatment 50 hours, obtains pretreatment miberal powder；
It is 1.5 ten thousand turns/min in revolving speed after the ratio mixing that miberal powder, water, agglomerating dose of mass ratio are 10:9:7 will be pre-processed
Revolving speed under shear 1 hour, obtain jelly；By weight percentage, agglomerating dose includes: aluminium chloride 10%, polymerised sulphur
Sour iron 10%, zinc chloride 15%, active silica 15%, sodium carbonate 10% and excess water.
Stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and the isolation being made of gangue and flyash
It after layer, is compacted in water spray, the thickness ratio of active carbon layer, jelly and separation layer is 1:2:0.5；Wherein, separation layer
In, the mass ratio of gangue and flyash is 5:2；
Stone pit after compaction is laid with arbor trunk (length is 0.4-0.8 meters) and straw, and returns after applying distintegrant
Fill out soil moved in improve the original；
Based on parts by weight, soil moved in improve the original includes: 40 parts of diatomite, 30 parts of turfy soil, 60 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of flyash, excrement
25 parts of fertilizer, 20 parts of plant straw powder, 0.5 part of plant growth regulator, 10 parts of coco bran, 2 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 20 parts of rice chaff ash and inorganic
10 parts of salt；
In microbial inoculum, including bacillus subtilis and stickiness the trichosporon cutaneum bacterium solution after fermented and cultured, and every gram
Viable count in bacterium solution is not less than 600,000,000；Distintegrant using turf as carrier, and load have Trichoderma harzianum, green muscardine fungus, saccharomycete,
Acetobacter, photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus subtilis.
Rear maize planting is turned over to the stone pit after backfill soil moved in improve the original, after institute's planting plants are unearthed and grow 6-8 months, is received
Plant is cut, dry doubling on-site incineration is shone and is backfilled after being mixed with chicken manure；To the stone pit for being backfilled with burning ash with 20-30/m2's
Density is inoculated with earthworm, and is turned over again after cultivating 4 months, completes to repair.
In above-mentioned all embodiments, soil moved in improve the original the preparation method is as follows:
Muck and plant straw powder is added after the diatomite of set weight, flyash are mixed, stirs and evenly mixs post-fermentation 2-3
A month, obtain fermentation soil；
Its Surface Edge is sprayed water again after fermentation soil is turned, and side applies turfy soil and bentonite, until by turfy soil and swelling
Soil carries out secondary turn after adding；
It is added in the fermentation soil after secondary turn and sequentially adds coco bran, rice chaff ash, plant growth regulator, plant growth
Regulator and inorganic salts, mix rear heap fermentation thoroughly 12 days, then after stirring in 15-20 DEG C solarization 1-2 hours, slow-release fertilizer volume in application
Outer addition.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, after the leveling of stone pit, the ore reduction of bulk at graininess and is filled and led up, then directly addition is objective
Soil, the soil moved in improve the original are loess, diatomite and the bentonite composition that weight ratio is 10:1:1, and additional organic manure is gone forward side by side after adding soil moved in improve the original
Row is turned over, and rear maize planting is turned over.
Comparative example 2
Compared with Example 3, lack the step of ore is crushed, impregnated, mixing shearing with agglomerating dose, while lacking isolation
Layer, and lack the step of being laid with arbor trunk and straw, with operation with embodiment 3.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 3, lack the operation of inoculation earthworm, remaining step is the same as embodiment 3.
Test example 1
Certain ore area after mining is chosen as Experimental Base, and it is regional to set similar in the state of habitat 6 pieces of reparations
(every piece of area for repairing area is 10m × 10m) is repaired, wherein being respectively adopted embodiment 1-3's for 1-3 block area
Restorative procedure is repaired and (in the method for each embodiment and comparative example, is turned off in crop harvesting)；4-6 block is distinguished
Not Cai Yong comparative example 1-3 provide method repaired, each embodiment and comparative example using identical thickness of sowing and maintenance pipe
Reason records simultaneously statistical correlation index, and the results are shown in Table 1.
1 test example of table, 1 correlated results statistics
Test example 2
On the basis of test example 1, area is repaired after 4-6 block repairs the corn harvesting in area to 1-3 block and is dried
And burn, it is operated according to subsequent reparation is carried out after the requirement backfill of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 4-6.And in second year to 6
Block repairs area maize planting once again, and statistical correlation index, the results are shown in Table 2.
2 test example of table, 2 correlated results statistics
It should be pointed out that being passed through 2 days to the corn seed of sowing using normal-temperature water in the above test example and comparative example
Immersion treatment.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention
Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. mining area stone pit ecological restoring method, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
1), stone pit is flattened, and rejected ore is crushed, obtains miberal powder, and utilize to gained miberal powder and contain sulfuric acid
Aqueous solution carries out immersion treatment, obtains pretreatment miberal powder；
2) it, in pretreatment miberal powder plus water, carries out shear treatment after agglomerating dose, obtains jelly；
3), the stone pit after leveling is successively laid with active carbon layer, jelly and the isolation being made of gangue and flyash
After layer, it is compacted in water spray；
4), stone pit after compaction is laid with arbor trunk, and backfills soil moved in improve the original after applying distintegrant；
Wherein, based on parts by weight, the soil moved in improve the original include: 20-60 parts of diatomite, 30-40 parts of turfy soil, 15-80 parts of bentonite,
15-60 parts of flyash, 20-30 parts of muck, 15-30 parts of plant straw powder, 0.01-0.5 parts of plant growth regulator, coco bran 10-
20 parts, 2-8 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 10-20 parts of rice chaff ash and 6-18 parts of inorganic salts；
6) draft, grass or the wooden graminaceous plant are planted after, turning over to the stone pit after backfill soil moved in improve the original, are unearthed to institute's planting plants
And after growing 6-8 months, plant is gathered in, is backfilled after shining dry doubling on-site incineration；
7), to the stone pit for being backfilled with burning ash with 20-30/m2Density be inoculated with earthworm, and carried out again after cultivating the predetermined time
It is secondary to turn over, it completes to repair.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein including the chlorination of alkali formula in described agglomerating dose in step 2)
Aluminium, ferric sulfate, bodied ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, titanium tetrachloride, sodium carbonate, lime, active silica
Or one of bentonite or a variety of.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described agglomerating dose, by weight percentage, comprising: alkali
Formula aluminium chloride 10-15%, bodied ferric sulfate 8-12%, zinc chloride 12-20%, active silica 6-15%, sodium carbonate 4-
10% and excess water.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step 1), the concentration of the aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid is
12-40%, the mass ratio with miberal powder are 1:(1.5-2)；The time of immersion treatment is 24-50 hours.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, being specifically included in step 2):
It is 1:(0.8-1 that miberal powder, water, agglomerating dose of mass ratio, which will be pre-processed): after the ratio of (0.5-0.8) mixes, be in revolving speed
It is sheared 1-1.2 hours under the revolving speed of ten thousand turns/min of 1.2-1.5, obtains jelly.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in step 3), the active carbon layer, jelly and every
The thickness ratio of absciss layer is 1:(2-3): (0.5-1)；Wherein, in the separation layer, the mass ratio of gangue and flyash is 1:
(0.2-0.6)。
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the length of the arbor trunk is 0.5-1 in step 4)
Rice, and microbial inoculum has been dipped on the surface of the arbor trunk；
In the microbial inoculum, including bacillus subtilis and stickiness the trichosporon cutaneum bacterium solution after fermented and cultured, and every gram
In bacterium solution, viable count is not less than 500,000,000；
The distintegrant is using turf as carrier, and load has Trichoderma harzianum, muscardine, green muscardine fungus, saccharomycete, acetobacter, puts
One of line bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria or bacillus subtilis are a variety of.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that in step 4), the preparation method of the soil moved in improve the original includes:
Muck and plant straw powder is added after the diatomite of set weight, flyash are mixed, stirs and evenly mixs post-fermentation 2-3
Month, obtain fermentation soil；
It sprays water after the fermentation soil is turned in its Surface Edge, side applies turfy soil and bentonite, until by turfy soil and swelling
Soil carries out secondary turn after adding；
It is added in the fermentation soil after secondary turn and sequentially adds coco bran, rice chaff ash, plant growth regulator and inorganic salts, mixed thoroughly
Heap fermentation 10-15 days afterwards, then after stirring in 15-20 DEG C of solarization 1-2 hours to get.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein during harvesting, being carried out to stone pit in step 6)
It turns over, collect the subterraneous root of plant and ground upper boom and after drying while burning, after plant ash resulting after burning are mixed thoroughly with chicken manure
It backfills together.
10. method according to claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that the predetermined time is 2-6 months.
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| CN112943356A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-11 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for repairing collapse pit of coal mine |
| CN113519372A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中煤浙江生态环境发展有限公司 | Preparation method of composite green repairing backfill material |
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| US5755058A (en) * | 1994-05-23 | 1998-05-26 | Jean-Noel M. Guyot | Farming method using waste material |
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