CN111742816A - Solid waste reconstruction planting soil - Google Patents
Solid waste reconstruction planting soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111742816A CN111742816A CN202010654039.0A CN202010654039A CN111742816A CN 111742816 A CN111742816 A CN 111742816A CN 202010654039 A CN202010654039 A CN 202010654039A CN 111742816 A CN111742816 A CN 111742816A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/17—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing slag
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/42—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure of granular or aggregated structure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of reconstructed planting soil, in particular to solid waste reconstructed planting soil which comprises solid waste sticky particles, solid waste powder sand particles and solid waste sand particles, wherein the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively composed of less than or equal to 15% by mass, 35% -55% by mass and 30% -50% by mass; the particle diameters of solid waste clay particles, solid waste powder sand particles and solid waste sand particles are respectively less than or equal to 0.002mm, 0.2mm-0.002mm and 2mm-0.2mm according to the particle sizes, the soil structure and nutrients are simulated by taking performance indexes of natural soil such as particle size, components and the like as references, the solid waste is taken as a main raw material, a small amount of organic matters are added, and the soil texture is close to soil; the invention overcomes the technical problem of poor aggregation of artificially prepared soil, can realize soilless grass planting and greening in solid waste storage sites or gobi areas, enables the environment to be ecologically restored, and achieves the purposes of utilizing solid waste as resources and treating waste by waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reconstructed planting soil, in particular to solid waste reconstructed planting soil.
Background
With the development of industry, the variety of industrial solid wastes is large, the discharge amount is large, the total utilization rate of the industrial solid wastes such as fly ash, desulfurized gypsum, slag, steel slag and furnace slag is not high due to the limitation of geographical positions in the northwest gobi areas, the industrial solid wastes are mostly stockpiled and treated in the open air, a large amount of land resources are occupied, environmental protection problems such as dust emission and the like are caused, and a new utilization approach is urgently needed to be developed.
Natural soil is composed of minerals formed by the weathering of rocks, animals and plants, organic matters generated by the decay of microbial residues, solid-phase substances such as soil organisms, liquid-phase substances such as water, gas-phase substances such as air, oxidized humus and the like. The solid wastes of power plants and iron and steel enterprises are derived from natural minerals, if the solid wastes can be reasonably combined in the grain size composition, the solid wastes are close to soil, the soil structure can be improved by combining the fly ash through detecting, analyzing and screening the physical and chemical performance indexes of the industrial solid wastes such as fly ash, desulfurized gypsum, slag, steel slag, furnace slag and the like, the desulfurized gypsum can condition the soil of saline-alkali soil, the slag can be applied to the production of silicon fertilizer and the like, and therefore, the preparation of the planting soil by taking the industrial solid wastes as main raw materials and matching organic matters is feasible.
The method has the advantages that the soil is deficient and deficient in the northwest gobi area, the soil is poor, the cost of straw cover and sealing of a slag pile and greening of the gobi area is high, the solid waste is used as raw material to regenerate the planting soil for slag pile ecological sealing and greening of a slag field or the gobi area, on one hand, the problems of environmental remediation and ecological restoration of a solid waste pile storage field are solved, and on the other hand, the aims of treating waste with waste and utilizing the solid waste are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide solid waste reconstructed planting soil, which develops a new solid waste utilization field on the one hand; on the other hand, the artificial reconstructed planting soil for greening and ecological restoration is provided for areas with soil shortage and soil impoverishment in the northwest gobi areas.
In order to solve the technical problem, the solid waste reconstructed planting soil comprises solid waste sticky particles, solid waste powdered sand particles and solid waste sand particles, wherein the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powdered sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively composed of, by mass, less than or equal to 15% of the solid waste sticky particles, 35% -55% of the solid waste powdered sand particles and 30% -50% of the solid waste sand particles; the particle diameters of the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively less than or equal to 0.002mm, 0.2-0.002 mm and 2-0.2 mm according to the particle sizes.
Furthermore, the solid waste sticky particles are fly ash generated by coal burning of a power plant.
Furthermore, the solid waste powder sand grains comprise flue gas desulfurization gypsum and an organic waste mixture, wherein the organic waste mixture comprises agricultural livestock and poultry manure, straws, dregs or municipal domestic sludge.
Further, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum comprises calcium sulfate dihydrate and chloride ions, wherein the content of the calcium sulfate dihydrate is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the content of the chloride ions is less than or equal to 600 mg/Kg.
Further, the organic waste mixture is one or a mixture of more of agricultural livestock and poultry manure, straw, dregs of a decoction or municipal domestic sludge, the organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 2:1-3:1, a microorganism preservative is added after mixing for humification, and the mixture is used as solid waste powder sand grains which are one of precursors after humification is completed for standby application.
Further, the livestock manure is cow manure, pig manure, sheep manure or chicken manure.
Further, the solid waste sand grains comprise one or more of slag, steel slag or power plant slag, and the solid waste sand grains have porosity.
The solid waste reconstructed planting soil is prepared artificially, the natural soil structure and nutrients are simulated by taking performance indexes such as the grain size, the components and the like of the natural soil as references, the conversion of single soil grain → micro aggregate → solid waste reconstructed planting soil is completed, the solid waste reconstructed planting soil is prepared, and the prepared soil texture is close to soil types.
The configuration principle of the solid waste reconstructed planting soil is that soil is simulated, solid waste is used as a raw material, raw materials such as fly ash, desulfurized gypsum, steel slag, water slag, furnace slag, cow dung, sheep dung, chicken manure, medicine slag, domestic sludge and the like are screened and combined, through a plurality of groups of pot culture experiments, the solid waste clay component is determined to be less than or equal to 15 percent, the solid waste powder sand component is 35-55 percent, and the solid waste sand component is determined to be 30-50 percent, the particle size component and the component of the solid waste powder sand component are close to soil, soil aggregates are prepared through a special process, and the index of the solid waste reconstructed planting soil reaches PH: 6.0 to 9, conductivity: 0.1-4 mS/cm; organic matter: ≧ 2%, be suitable for greening.
When the solid waste clay component is more than 15%, preparing solid waste reconstructed planting soil with pH of more than 9; when the solid waste powder sand component is less than 35%, the organic matter content is less than 2%; when the solid waste powder sand component is more than 55%, the conductivity is more than 4 mS/cm; the solid waste sand grain component is less than 30 percent, and the soil is easy to harden; the solid waste sand grain component is more than 30 percent, the porosity of the soil is too large, and the water retention performance is poor.
The fly ash has the effects of loosening soil, reducing soil volume weight, improving air permeability, increasing soil surface temperature, improving soil, adjusting soil pH value, promoting crop growth and remarkably increasing yield. Meanwhile, the fly ash contains a large amount of trace nutrient elements required by crops, can stimulate the growth of the crops, and obviously improves the yield of the crops.
The content of calcium sulfate dihydrate of flue gas desulfurization gypsum is more than or equal to 85 percent, the calcium sulfate dihydrate is a beneficial component in the solid waste reconstruction planting soil, if the content of the calcium sulfate dihydrate is less than 85 percent, too many impurities are generated, chloride ions are harmful components, and the content of the chloride ions is less than or equal to 600mg/Kg, so that the emergence rate of plants cannot be caused.
The organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed according to the ratio of 2:1-3:1, a microorganism corrosion inhibitor is added after the organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed for humification, and the effective active calcium can be generated and the generation of aggregates is promoted by mixing and humification with the microorganism corrosion inhibitor.
The solid waste sand grains have porosity, so that the water and fertilizer retention performance of the prepared solid waste reconstruction planting soil can be enhanced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively composed of less than or equal to 15% of solid waste sticky particles, 35% -55% of solid waste powder sand particles and 30% -50% of solid waste sand particles according to mass components; the method is characterized in that solid waste clay particles, solid waste powder sand particles and solid waste sand particles are respectively less than or equal to 0.002mm in particle diameter of the solid waste clay particles, 0.2-0.002 mm in particle diameter of the solid waste powder sand particles and 2-0.2 mm in particle diameter of the solid waste sand particles according to particle diameters of the particle sizes, and the soil structure and nutrients are simulated by taking performance indexes of natural soil such as particle size, components and the like as references, the solid waste is taken as a main raw material, a small amount of organic matters are added, and the soil texture is close to soil; the invention overcomes the technical problem of poor aggregation of artificially prepared soil, can realize soilless grass planting and greening in solid waste storage sites or gobi areas, enables the environment to be ecologically restored, and achieves the purposes of utilizing solid waste as resources and treating waste by waste.
Detailed Description
The solid waste reconstructed planting soil comprises solid waste sticky particles, solid waste powder sand particles and solid waste sand particles, wherein the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively composed of less than or equal to 15% by mass, 35% -55% by mass and 30% -50% by mass; the particle diameters of the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively less than or equal to 0.002mm, 0.2-0.002 mm and 2-0.2 mm according to the particle sizes. The solid waste sticky particle component is less than or equal to 15 percent, the solid waste powder sand component is 35 to 55 percent, and the solid waste sand component is 30 to 50 percent, and the mixture is evenly mixed to complete the preparation.
Furthermore, the solid waste sticky particles are fly ash generated by coal burning of a power plant.
Furthermore, the solid waste powder sand grains comprise flue gas desulfurization gypsum and an organic waste mixture, wherein the organic waste mixture comprises agricultural livestock and poultry manure, straws, dregs or municipal domestic sludge.
Further, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum comprises calcium sulfate dihydrate and chloride ions, wherein the content of the calcium sulfate dihydrate is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the content of the chloride ions is less than or equal to 600 mg/Kg.
Further, the organic waste mixture is one or a mixture of more of agricultural livestock and poultry manure, straw, dregs of a decoction or municipal domestic sludge, the organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 2:1-3:1, a microorganism corrosion promoter is added after the organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed for humification, and the mixture is used as solid waste powder sand grains which are one precursor after the humification is finished for standby application.
Further, the livestock manure is cow manure, pig manure, sheep manure or chicken manure.
Further, the solid waste sand grains comprise one or more of slag, steel slag or power plant slag, and the solid waste sand grains have porosity.
The solid waste reconstructed planting soil is prepared artificially, the natural soil structure and nutrients are simulated by taking performance indexes such as the grain size, the components and the like of the natural soil as references, the conversion of single soil grain → micro aggregate → solid waste reconstructed planting soil is completed, the solid waste reconstructed planting soil is prepared, and the prepared soil texture is close to soil types.
The chemical compositions of the solid waste clay, solid waste powder sand and solid waste sand used are shown in table 1,
table 1: chemical composition (%) of solid waste clay, solid waste powder sand and solid waste sand.
The configuration principle of the solid waste reconstructed planting soil is that soil is simulated, solid waste is used as a raw material, raw materials such as fly ash, desulfurized gypsum, steel slag, water slag, furnace slag, cow dung, sheep dung, chicken manure, medicine slag, domestic sludge and the like are screened and combined, through a plurality of groups of pot culture experiments, the solid waste clay component is determined to be less than or equal to 15 percent, the solid waste powder sand component is 35-55 percent, and the solid waste sand component is determined to be 30-50 percent, the particle size component and the component of the solid waste powder sand component are close to soil, soil aggregates are prepared through a special process, and the index of the solid waste reconstructed planting soil reaches PH: 6.0 to 9, conductivity: 0.1-4 mS/cm; organic matter: ≧ 2%, be suitable for greening.
When the solid waste clay component is more than 15%, preparing solid waste reconstructed planting soil with pH of more than 9; when the solid waste powder sand component is less than 35%, the organic matter content is less than 2%; when the solid waste powder sand component is more than 55%, the conductivity is more than 4 mS/cm; the solid waste sand grain component is less than 30 percent, and the soil is easy to harden; the solid waste sand grain component is more than 30 percent, the porosity of the soil is too large, and the water retention performance is poor.
The fly ash has the effects of loosening soil, reducing soil volume weight, improving air permeability, increasing soil surface temperature, improving soil, adjusting soil pH value, promoting crop growth and remarkably increasing yield. Meanwhile, the fly ash contains a large amount of trace nutrient elements required by crops, can stimulate the growth of the crops, and obviously improves the yield of the crops.
The content of calcium sulfate dihydrate of flue gas desulfurization gypsum is more than or equal to 85 percent, the calcium sulfate dihydrate is a beneficial component in the solid waste reconstruction planting soil, if the content of the calcium sulfate dihydrate is less than 85 percent, too many impurities are generated, chloride ions are harmful components, and the content of the chloride ions is less than or equal to 600mg/Kg, so that the emergence rate of plants cannot be caused.
The organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed according to the ratio of 2:1-3:1, a microorganism corrosion inhibitor is added after the organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed for humification, and the effective active calcium can be generated and the generation of aggregates is promoted by mixing and humification with the microorganism corrosion inhibitor.
The solid waste sand grains have porosity, so that the water and fertilizer retention performance of the prepared solid waste reconstruction planting soil can be enhanced.
The solid waste reconstruction planting soil provided by the invention is prepared by taking soil as a target, the granularity composition and the component composition of the solid waste reconstruction planting soil simulate soil, the porosity reaches 40-45%, and the composition of the component and the granularity is closer to that of the soil. Through the preparation process, micro-aggregates and single particles in the solid waste reconstructed planting soil raw material pass through organic humus and mineral colloids such as Fe2+、Al3+、Fe3+Isocementation and counterion Ca2+And (3) coagulating and coalescing together to form an agglomerate, and further finishing the evolution of single soil particle → micro aggregate → agglomerate → solid waste reconstruction planting soil, wherein the prepared soil texture is close to that of soil.
The inorganic solid waste doping amount of the solid waste reconstructed planting soil reaches about 70%, and the organic solid waste doping amount reaches about 30%, so that the method belongs to efficient solid waste resource utilization;
the screening heavy metals of the solid waste reconstruction planting soil do not exceed the standard, the structural components can use complementary solid waste as raw materials, and the key quality of the prepared solid waste reconstruction planting soil refers to the pH value: 6-9, conductivity: 0.1-4 mS/cm; organic matter: not less than 2 percent, and the heavy metal content meets the requirements in the standard of CJ/T340-2016 green planting soil.
The emergence rate of lawn grass and grass flowers planted on the solid waste reconstruction planting soil reaches more than 95%, and the survival rate of shrubs reaches more than 80%.
The invention is suitable for the utilization of solid waste resources; is suitable for the greening of the slag pile covering soil and the field. Can be flexibly adjusted properly in the preparation process according to the planting green plant species.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in the first embodiment, the solid waste reconstruction planting soil is prepared by using the component proportion shown in the table 2, and the emergence rate of the planted crops such as turfgrass and odorous chrysanthemum is about 98%.
TABLE 2 table of example component configurations.
Example two:
in the second embodiment, the solid waste reconstructed planting soil is prepared by using the component proportion shown in the table 3, and the emergence rate of the planted crops, namely alfalfa and rape, is about 95 percent.
TABLE 3 table of example two-component configuration.
Example three:
in the third embodiment, the solid waste reconstruction planting soil is prepared by using the component proportion shown in the table 4, and the survival rate of the planted crops such as spruce, Chinese scholar tree, locust tree and torch is about 75%.
Table 4. table of the three component configurations of the examples.
Example four:
in the fourth embodiment, the solid waste reconstruction planting soil is prepared by using the component proportion described in table 5, and the survival rate of the planted crops such as fructus forsythiae, elm leaf plum and European rose is about 80%.
Table 5 table of example four component configurations.
Example five:
in the fourth embodiment, the components in the mixture ratio shown in table 6 are used for preparing solid waste reconstruction planting soil, the crop willow is planted, and the survival rate is about 97%.
Table 6 table of five-component arrangement of examples.
By using the solid waste reconstruction planting soil, a solid waste reconstruction planting soil test and demonstration are carried out in a metallurgical slag field of Jiayuguan city by a Runyuan company in 2019, the test and demonstration area reaches 3.6 million, turfgrass, alfalfa, rape, odorous chrysanthemum and the like are planted on the solid waste reconstruction planting soil, shrubs such as fructus forsythiae, elm leaf plum, European rose and the like, trees such as Yunshan, locust tree, Chinese scholartree, torch and the like are planted, and the test result shows that the emergence rate of the turfgrass and grass flowers reaches more than 95 percent and the survival rate of the shrubs and arbor reaches more than 75 percent.
The invention takes the performance indexes of the natural soil such as grain size, components and the like as references, simulates the soil structure and nutrients, takes solid wastes as main raw materials, adds a small amount of organic matters, and has soil texture close to soil; the invention overcomes the technical problem of poor aggregation of artificially prepared soil, can realize soilless grass planting and greening in solid waste storage sites or gobi areas, enables the environment to be ecologically restored, and achieves the purposes of utilizing solid waste as resources and treating waste by waste.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a solid useless reconstruction planting soil which characterized in that: the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively composed of less than or equal to 15% of solid waste sticky particles, 35% -55% of solid waste powder sand particles and 30% -50% of solid waste sand particles according to mass components; the particle diameters of the solid waste sticky particles, the solid waste powder sand particles and the solid waste sand particles are respectively less than or equal to 0.002mm, 0.2-0.002 mm and 2-0.2 mm according to the particle sizes.
2. The solid waste reconstruction planting soil of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the solid waste sticky particles are fly ash generated by coal burning of a power plant.
3. The solid waste reconstruction planting soil of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the solid waste powder sand grains comprise flue gas desulfurization gypsum and an organic waste mixture, wherein the organic waste mixture comprises agricultural livestock and poultry manure, straws, dregs or municipal domestic sludge.
4. The solid waste reconstruction planting soil of claim 3, wherein: the flue gas desulfurization gypsum comprises calcium sulfate dihydrate and chloride ions, wherein the content of the calcium sulfate dihydrate is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the content of the chloride ions is less than or equal to 600 mg/Kg.
5. The solid waste reconstruction planting soil of claim 3, wherein: the organic waste mixture is one or a mixture of more of agricultural livestock and poultry manure, straws, dregs or municipal domestic sludge, the organic waste mixture and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum are mixed according to the ratio of 2:1-3:1, a microorganism preservative is added after the mixture is mixed for humification, and the mixture is used as solid waste powder sand grains which are one of precursors after the humification is finished for later use.
6. The solid waste reconstruction planting soil of claim 5, wherein: the livestock and poultry manure is cow manure, pig manure, sheep manure or chicken manure.
7. The solid waste reconstruction planting soil of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the solid waste sand comprises one or more of slag, steel slag or power plant slag, and the solid waste sand has porosity.
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| CN113666771A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 山西大学 | Method for adjusting alkalinity of artificial planting soil of solid waste base by using industrial flue gas |
| CN116830996A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-03 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Full solid waste-based metal mine ecological restoration reconstruction surface soil and preparation method |
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| CN116830996A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-03 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Full solid waste-based metal mine ecological restoration reconstruction surface soil and preparation method |
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