CN110115196A - A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110115196A CN110115196A CN201910427408.XA CN201910427408A CN110115196A CN 110115196 A CN110115196 A CN 110115196A CN 201910427408 A CN201910427408 A CN 201910427408A CN 110115196 A CN110115196 A CN 110115196A
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- ganoderma lucidum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation methods, this method uses corn stover, corncob, wheat bran, land plaster, pulverized limestone and the ammonium sulfate of rational proportion for compost, it is not only low in cost, sufficient nutrition can be provided, new Land use systems are also provided for corn stover, increase the added value of corn planting.Entire cultivation time-consuming is short, its fruitbody polysaccharide of the ganoderma lucidum product cultivated reaches 3.60% or more, and fructification triterpene content reaches 3.70% or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible mushroom technical field, in particular to a kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum.
Background technique
Ganoderma lucidum (GanodermaLucidum Karst) is Polyporaceae Ganoderma dual-purpose of drug and food fungi, and shape is in umbrella,
Cap kidney shape, semicircle or subcircular are traditional valuable ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that China has higher medical value.The earliest pharmacy in China is special
It writes Shennong's Herbal and ganoderma lucidum is classified as top grade, there is purple, red, green, yellow, white, black six kinds, be referred to as " upper medicine, Fang Zhong
Quality goods ".Ganoderma lucidum energy invigorating qi for tranquilization, it is relieving cough and asthma, it loses heart for palpitaition of having no peace of mind, have a sleepless night, deficiency syndrome of the lung cough and asthma, consumptive disease, think to drink
The symptoms such as food.
Traditional cultivation of glossy ganoderma is carried out using forest reserves such as broad leaf tree Duan Mu, sawdusts, with the demand of ganoderma lucidum
It measures and constantly increases, the not only cost cultivated using section wood or sawdust is higher and higher, or excessive to one kind of the forest reserves
Consumption.In order to meeting the market demand of ganoderma lucidum, obtain the ganoderma lucidum product of high active ingredient, combine production cost with
Environment influences, and finds a kind of technical problem that the carrier that can substitute trees is urgently to be resolved as this field.
CN109168975A the method uses fish-bone part, soybean cake powder, humate etc. and is used as culture medium；
CN107125027A the method uses the materials such as B race and E family vitamin, Radix Astragali, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, loquat branch, mashed potatoes as training
Support base；CN109105149A the method uses the materials such as vitamin B1, medical stone powder, Chinese medicine slag as culture medium.It is above-mentioned
These methods are to improve the content of active constituent in ganoderma lucidum product, but this by increasing the nutrient of culture medium material
A little culture medium materials itself are expensive, increase the cost of artificial ganoderma's cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of method using corn stover and corncob mixed culture ganoderma lucidum, and by the party
The higher ganoderma lucidum product of active components of glossy ganoderma content that method obtains.
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method of the present invention, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1), the preparation of compost
The compost is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-19 parts of corn stover, 19-29 parts of corncob, and wheat
5 parts of bran, 0.3-0.5 parts of land plaster, 0.3-0.5 parts of pulverized limestone, 0.3-0.5 parts of ammonium sulfate；
(2), the preparation of compost
Raw material in step (1) is mixed well, suitable quantity of water is added, makes Compost moisture content 60%；
(3), it charges and sterilizes
The compost that step (2) prepares is fitted into polypropylene cultivating bag, and compost is compacted, is inserted into connecing for 18cm
Kind stick, puts on lantern ring, is put into autoclave, 0.12~0.15MPa, 121 DEG C of sterilizings after covering the plastic lid with sponge plug
2h, making material bag, decompression is cooled to room temperature naturally in sterilizer；
(4), it is inoculated with
Inoculation operation is carried out under stringent asepsis requirements；First collar face cleaning disinfection is removed later with 75% ethyl alcohol
Plastic lid takes out loop-carrier with tweezers, is rapidly put into ganoderma lucidum original seed in the position of original loop-carrier insertion, later by plastics
Lid covers, and moves into culturing room and is cultivated；
(5), go out sesame management
The indoor temperature control of culture is protected from light, mycelia covers with material bag within 50-60 days or so at 25-28 DEG C；In bacterium germination
Stage eliminates the material bag for having living contaminants in time；After finger big former base occurs in the kink of compost surface mycelia, it can remove
Plastic lid carries out out sesame culture；The control of sesame stage room temperature is at 25-28 DEG C, relative humidity 85%-90% out, and 300 luxs are certainly
So scattering light, each ventilation is primary sooner or later daily, 1 hour every time, can differentiate stem within 16-22 days or so, stem further divides
Dissolve cap.
(6), conidia powder is collected
Start within 45 days to collect conidia powder after cap enters the conidia powder ejection stage, be deposited at dry and ventilated after drying；
(7), fructification harvests
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of conidia powder has been launched in harvesting, deposits at dry and ventilated after drying.
Further, the corn stover and corncob are to collect after gathering in autumn, are ground into 3-5mm sheet-like particle.
Further, the corn stover and maize cob meal are broken into 4mm particle.
It further, is from the shallow white or pale yellow of cap edge into the conidia powder ejection stage described in step (6)
Decoloration indicates when being transformed into brown or yellowish-brown.
Further, conidia powder and fructification obtained in step (6) and (7) are dried at 60 DEG C.
Further, in the compost, the weight fraction ratio of corn stover and corncob is 1:1~1:2.
Due to ganoderma lucidum individual difference, conidia powder ejection phase duration is different, but substantially can be complete within 45 days
At.Therefore, it can be unified in after launching 45 days stages into conidia powder and collect conidia powder, if the conidia powder ejection stage shifts to an earlier date
It completes, conidia powder can also be collected within 45 days to individual precision management.
Heretofore described " the bacterium germination stage " refers to the process of that mycelium grows in culture medium, spreads.
Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method of the present invention had both solved the problems, such as cultivation of glossy ganoderma carrier, had also had found for corn stover
New purposes, and the ganoderma lucidum being prepared with the method for the invention, the content of effective component have been reported more in the prior art
Product it is higher.
The method of the invention replaces linden as compost using corn stover and corncob, reduces cultivation cost,
A large amount of timber are saved, while protecting forest resources, and increase the added value of corn planting, promote Farming cause
Development, while reducing pollution.Corn is the staple food crop in China, corn stover and corncob as by-product, every year
About 300,000,000 tons of yield, resource very abundant, it is cheap, obtain it is convenient.
The method of the invention is reasonable using corn stover, corncob and wheat bran, gypsum, pulverized limestone and ammonium sulfate
Proportion is used as compost, low in cost, is but capable of providing sufficient nutrition.Entire cultivation time-consuming is short, the spirit cultivated
Its entity polysaccharide of sesame product can reach 3.60% or more, can reach 4.40% or more, fructification triterpene content highest can
Reach 3.70% or more, the ganoderma active component content reported much higher than pertinent literature in this field.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) compost that preparation is made of following raw material: 19 parts of corn stover, 19 parts of corncob, 5 parts of wheat bran, land plaster
0.3 part, 0.3 part of pulverized limestone, 0.3 part of ammonium sulfate；Corn stover and corncob are to collect after gathering in autumn, are ground into 5mm
Particle.
(2) raw material in step (1) is mixed well, suitable quantity of water is added, makes Compost moisture content 60%；
(3) compost that step (2) prepares is fitted into polypropylene cultivating bag, and compost is compacted, be inserted into 18cm's
Loop-carrier puts on lantern ring, is put into autoclave after covering the plastic lid with sponge plug, 0.12~0.15MPa, 121 DEG C go out
Bacterium 2h, making material bag, decompression is cooled to room temperature naturally in sterilizer；
(4) inoculation operation is carried out under stringent asepsis requirements.It sterilizes before inoculation to transfer room and inoculating tool, so
It is inoculated with afterwards in superclean bench.First is removed by plastic lid later, uses tweezers for collar face cleaning disinfection with 75% ethyl alcohol
Loop-carrier is taken out, ganoderma lucidum original seed is put into rapidly, then covers lid, culturing room is moved into and is cultivated；
(5), go out sesame management
The indoor temperature control of culture is protected from light, mycelia covers with material bag within 50 days or so at 28 DEG C；In the bacterium germination stage and
When eliminate and have the material bags of living contaminants；After finger big former base occurs in the kink of compost surface mycelia, plastic lid can be removed
Carry out out sesame culture；The control of sesame stage room temperature is at 28 DEG C out, relative humidity 90%, 300 lux natural scattered lights, daily
Sooner or later each ventilation is primary, 1 hour every time, can differentiate stem within 16 days or so, stem further differentiates cap.
(6) when the shallow white at cap edge or pale yellow decoloration become brown or yellowish-brown, rank is launched into conidia powder
Section；Conidia powder ejection is basically completed after 45 days, is collected conidia powder, is deposited at dry and ventilated after 60 DEG C of drying；
(7) ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of conidia powder has been launched in harvesting, deposits at dry and ventilated after 60 DEG C of drying.
Embodiment 2
(1) compost that preparation is made of following raw material: 13 parts of corn stover, 25 parts of corncob, 5 parts of wheat bran, land plaster
0.4 part, 0.4 part of pulverized limestone, 0.4 part of ammonium sulfate；Corn stover and corncob are to collect after gathering in autumn, are ground into 4mm
Particle.
(2) raw material in step (1) is mixed well, suitable quantity of water is added, makes Compost moisture content 60%；
(3) compost that step (2) prepares is fitted into polypropylene cultivating bag, and compost is compacted, be inserted into 18cm's
Loop-carrier puts on lantern ring, is put into autoclave after covering the plastic lid with sponge plug, 0.12~0.15MPa, 121 DEG C go out
Bacterium 2h, making material bag, decompression is cooled to room temperature naturally in sterilizer；
(4) inoculation operation is carried out under stringent asepsis requirements.It sterilizes before inoculation to transfer room and inoculating tool, so
It is inoculated with afterwards in superclean bench.First is removed by plastic lid later, uses tweezers for collar face cleaning disinfection with 75% ethyl alcohol
Loop-carrier is taken out, ganoderma lucidum original seed is put into rapidly, then covers lid, culturing room is moved into and is cultivated；
(5), go out sesame management
The indoor temperature control of culture is protected from light, mycelia covers with material bag within 55 days or so at 27 DEG C；In the bacterium germination stage and
When eliminate and have the material bags of living contaminants；After finger big former base occurs in the kink of compost surface mycelia, plastic lid can be removed
Carry out out sesame culture；The control of sesame stage room temperature is at 26 DEG C out, relative humidity 88%, 300 lux natural scattered lights, daily
Sooner or later each ventilation is primary, 1 hour every time, can differentiate stem within 18 days or so, stem further differentiates cap.
(6) when the shallow white at cap edge or pale yellow decoloration become brown or yellowish-brown, rank is launched into conidia powder
Section；Conidia powder ejection is basically completed after 45 days, is collected conidia powder, is deposited at dry and ventilated after 60 DEG C of drying；
(7) ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of conidia powder has been launched in harvesting, deposits at dry and ventilated after 60 DEG C of drying..
Embodiment 3
(1) compost that preparation is made of following raw material: 10 parts of corn stover, 29 parts of corncob, 5 parts of wheat bran, land plaster
0.5 part, 0.5 part of pulverized limestone, 0.5 part of ammonium sulfate；Corn stover and corncob are to collect after gathering in autumn, are ground into 3mm
Particle.
(2) raw material in step (1) is mixed well, suitable quantity of water is added, makes Compost moisture content 60%；
(3) compost that step (2) prepares is fitted into polypropylene cultivating bag, and compost is compacted, be inserted into 18cm's
Loop-carrier puts on lantern ring, is put into autoclave after covering the plastic lid with sponge plug, 0.12~0.15MPa, 121 DEG C go out
Bacterium 2h, making material bag, decompression is cooled to room temperature naturally in sterilizer；
(4) inoculation operation is carried out under stringent asepsis requirements.It sterilizes before inoculation to transfer room and inoculating tool, so
It is inoculated with afterwards in superclean bench.First is removed by plastic lid later, uses tweezers for collar face cleaning disinfection with 75% ethyl alcohol
Loop-carrier is taken out, ganoderma lucidum original seed is put into rapidly, then covers lid, culturing room is moved into and is cultivated；
(5) indoor temperature control is cultivated at 25 DEG C, is protected from light, mycelia covers with material bag within 60 days or so；It is timely in the bacterium germination stage
Eliminate the material bag for there are living contaminants；After there is finger big former base in the kink of compost surface mycelia, can remove plastic lid into
Row goes out sesame culture；The control of sesame stage room temperature is at 25 DEG C out, relative humidity 85%, and 300 lux natural scattered lights are early daily
Late each ventilation is primary, 1 hour every time, can differentiate stem within 22 days or so, stem further differentiates cap.
(6) when the shallow white at cap edge or pale yellow decoloration become brown or yellowish-brown, rank is launched into conidia powder
Section；Conidia powder ejection is basically completed after 45 days, is collected conidia powder, is deposited at dry and ventilated after 60 DEG C of drying；
(7) ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of conidia powder has been launched in harvesting, deposits at dry and ventilated after 60 DEG C of drying.
1 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention of table is compared with cultivation of glossy ganoderma product-related data described in other documents
Document 1 be " ganoderma lucidum difference growth and development stage Thick many candies and triterpene changes of contents rule " (edible mushroom journal,
2008.15 (3), P47~50) in declining period red sesame 5 determination data.
Seen from table 1, when the weight fraction ratio of corn stover and corncob is 1:1~1:2, product sub-entities are more
The content of sugar and triterpene is all very high, and highest is both up to 3.60% or more；When the weight fraction ratio of corn stover and corncob
When for 1:2~1:3, the content of product sub-entities triterpene is declined, but the content of fruitbody polysaccharide still maintains Gao Shui
It is flat, up to 3.70% or more.
The foregoing is merely the schematical specific embodiments of the application, in the conceptions and principles for not departing from the application
Under the premise of, the equivalent changes and modifications that any those skilled in the art is made should belong to the range of the application protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1), the preparation of compost
The compost is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-19 parts of corn stover, 19-29 parts of corncob, and 5 parts of wheat bran,
0.3-0.5 parts of land plaster, 0.3-0.5 parts of pulverized limestone, 0.3-0.5 parts of ammonium sulfate；
(2), the preparation of compost
Raw material in step (1) is mixed well, suitable quantity of water is added, makes Compost moisture content 60%；
(3), it charges and sterilizes
The compost that step (2) prepares is fitted into polypropylene cultivating bag, and compost is compacted, is inserted into the loop-carrier of 18cm,
Lantern ring is put on, is put into autoclave, 0.12~0.15MPa after covering the plastic lid with sponge plug, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 2h make
Decompression is cooled to room temperature material bag naturally in sterilizer；
(4), it is inoculated with
Inoculation operation is carried out under stringent asepsis requirements；Plastics are first removed later to collar face cleaning disinfection with 75% ethyl alcohol
Lid takes out loop-carrier with tweezers, is rapidly put into ganoderma lucidum original seed in the position of original loop-carrier insertion, later by plastic lid lid
It is good, it moves into culturing room and is cultivated；
(5), go out sesame management
The indoor temperature control of culture is protected from light, mycelia covers with material bag within 50-60 days or so at 25-28 DEG C；In the bacterium germination stage and
When eliminate and have the material bags of living contaminants；After finger big former base occurs in the kink of compost surface mycelia, plastic lid can be removed
Carry out out sesame culture；The control of sesame stage room temperature is at 25-28 DEG C, relative humidity 85%-90% out, 300 lux natural scatterings
Light, each ventilation is primary sooner or later daily, and each 1h can differentiate stem in 16-22 days or so, and stem further differentiates cap；
(6), conidia powder is collected
Start within 45 days to collect conidia powder after cap enters the conidia powder ejection stage, be deposited at dry and ventilated after drying；
(7), fructification harvests
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of conidia powder has been launched in harvesting, deposits at dry and ventilated after drying.
2. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the corn stover and corncob are autumn
It is collected after harvesting, is ground into 3-5mm sheet-like particle.
3. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the corn stover and maize cob meal
It is broken into 4mm particle.
4. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: enter spore described in step (6)
The powder ejection stage is indicated when being transformed into brown or yellowish-brown from the shallow white at cap edge or pale yellow decoloration.
5. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: conidia powder obtained in step (6) and (7)
It is to dry at 60 DEG C with fructification.
6. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in the compost, corn stover with
The weight fraction ratio of corncob is 1:1~1:2.
7. a kind of ganoderma lucidum product of artificial cultivation, it is characterised in that: use cultivation of glossy ganoderma of any of claims 1-6
Method obtains.
8. a kind of ganoderma lucidum product of artificial cultivation as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: ganoderma lucidum in the ganoderma lucidum product
Entity polysaccharide reaches 3.60% or more.
9. a kind of ganoderma lucidum product of artificial cultivation as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: ganoderma lucidum in the ganoderma lucidum product
Entity triterpene content reaches 2.60% or more.
10. a kind of ganoderma lucidum product of artificial cultivation as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: ganoderma lucidum in the ganoderma lucidum product
Fructification triterpene content reaches 3.70% or more.
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| CN110651665A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-07 | 葫芦岛农函大玄宇食用菌野驯繁育有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma culture medium, preparation method and method for culturing lucid ganoderma by using culture medium |
| CN112119834A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-25 | 聊城大学 | High-activity ganoderma lucidum culture medium |
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