CN110077214A - 用于特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆的总成，以及特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆 - Google Patents

用于特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆的总成，以及特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110077214A
CN110077214A CN201910039135.1A CN201910039135A CN110077214A CN 110077214 A CN110077214 A CN 110077214A CN 201910039135 A CN201910039135 A CN 201910039135A CN 110077214 A CN110077214 A CN 110077214A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel tank
vehicle
fuel
box part
hybrid electric
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CN201910039135.1A
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English (en)
Inventor
托马斯·泽纳
丹尼尔·本杰明·科克
卡洛琳·博恩
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of CN110077214A publication Critical patent/CN110077214A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
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    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02M37/0076—Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0076—Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
    • F02M37/0088—Multiple separate fuel tanks or tanks being at least partially partitioned
    • F02M37/0094—Saddle tanks; Tanks having partition walls
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于车辆的总成(6)，该车辆特别是混合动力电动车辆(1)，该总成(6)具有采用鞍形箱的形式的至少一个燃料箱(7)、设置在燃料箱(7)的外部并且热连接到燃料箱(7)的至少一个牵引电池(8)、以及设置在燃料箱(7)中用于将燃料箱(7)中可用的燃料(22)输送到混合动力电动车辆(1)的内燃发动机的至少一个燃料泵(9)。为了提供用于牵引电池(8)的可廉价地实现的冷却系统，牵引电池(8)热连接到燃料箱(7)的主动箱部分(10)，燃料泵(9)设置在主动箱部分(10)中并且主动箱部分(10)通过燃料箱(7)的桥接部分(12)以连通的方式连接到燃料箱(7)的被动箱部分(11)，燃料(22)可以从被动箱部分(11)输送到主动箱部分(10)中。

Description

用于特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆的总成，以及特别是混 合动力电动车辆的车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的总成，该总成具有采用鞍形箱的形式的至少一个燃料箱、设置在燃料箱的外部并且热连接到燃料箱的至少一个牵引电池、以及设置在燃料箱中用于将燃料箱中可用的燃料输送到车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的内燃发动机的至少一个燃料泵。此外，本发明涉及一种车辆，特别是混合动力电动车辆。
背景技术
混合动力电动车辆具有至少一个牵引电池，利用该牵引电池，在混合动力电动车辆的电操作模式下，可以向混合动力电动车辆的电驱动装置供应电能。牵引电池优选地以这样的方式设置在混合动力电动车辆上，即混合动力电动车辆的乘客舱和行李箱尽可能少地被约束或者根本不受约束。为此，牵引电池例如被集成为车底单元，特别是在后座椅长凳的下方并且正面地相对于混合动力电动车辆的后桥。在这方面，牵引电池与混合动力电动车辆的燃料箱共享构造空间，从而导致减少的箱容积。
牵引电池靠近混合动力电动车辆的其他部件的设置可以使牵引电池的所需冷却困难，例如，在牵引电池的表面不能暴露到冷却空气流的情况下。这导致来自牵引电池的不良的散热并因此导致牵引电池及其电池单元的较高操作温度，这可能导致电池电力和/或电池使用寿命的减小。
存在具有采用鞍形箱的形式的燃料箱的机动车辆，其中燃料泵被设置用于将燃料箱中可用的燃料输送到机动车辆的内燃发动机。这种燃料箱具有主动箱部分和被动箱部分，燃料泵设置在主动箱部分中，被动箱部分通过桥接部分以连通的方式连接到主动箱部分。在地板上，桥接部分在燃料箱上形成通道，排气管可以被引导通过该通道。位于被动箱部分中的燃料可以通过利用文丘里效应(Venturi effect)或者更确切地说通过使用在压力侧上连接到燃料泵的文丘里喷嘴(Venturi nozzle)输送到主动箱部分中，终止于被动箱部分的吸入管路连接到该文丘里喷嘴。
JP 2007 302 123 A公开了一种机动车辆，该机动车辆具有电池，该电池邻近燃料箱设置以使电池的热量可以被传递到燃料箱中的燃料以为了冷却的目的。驱动电子器件基于电池的温度决定是否需要冷却电池。如果需要冷却电池，则驱动电子器件驱动电磁阀，以使从燃料箱流出的至少一些燃料可以通过回流管路再循环到燃料箱。当燃料在该路径上循环时，燃料损失热量，由此引起电池和燃料之间的热交换。
JP 2007 320 331 A公开了一种混合动力电动车辆，该混合动力电动车辆具有电池，该电池被浸入在燃料箱的内部中的液体燃料中。电池可以通过燃料的寒冷来冷却。当混合动力电动车辆正在行驶时，燃料由于速度变化或者由于混合动力电动车辆的转弯操纵而在燃料箱内移动，由此冷却电池的内部。
DE 10 2013 220 389 A1公开了一种客车，该客车具有以鞍形箱的形式的燃料箱以及电能存储装置，该燃料箱设置在车辆的后桥附近并且主要在车辆的后桥的前方并且以从车辆的中间到车辆的两侧的部分容积延伸，该电能存储装置的壳体在车辆的横向方向上和/或在车辆的竖直轴线的方向上的投影中与燃料箱的部分区域重叠。电能存储装置的壳体与燃料箱导热连通。
US 2010/0230415 A1公开了一种由热塑性合成材料制成的以鞍形箱的形式的燃料容器，该燃料容器具有至少一个外围接缝、填充开口、用于充气和脱气的装置、和以设置在燃料容器内的至少一个燃料输送单元的形式的用于输送和提取燃料的装置、以及引导到燃料容器中和/或从燃料容器引导出来的流体管路和/或电路。在燃料容器的壁中没有设置直径明显大于讨论的管路的直径的开口和/或缺口。
KR 100 896 132 B1公开了一种用于具有内燃发动机和电池组的混合动力车辆的能量存储系统。混合动力车辆的燃料箱覆盖电池组的至少两侧。燃料箱具有对称结构，其中主要存储部件设置在电池组的两侧上。燃料箱呈现鞍形，其中中心部分已被分成具有主要存储装置的第一侧和具有接收部件的第二侧，电池组已经被安装在该接收部件上。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的牵引电池的可廉价地实现的冷却系统。
根据本发明，该目的通过具有根据权利要求1所述的特征的总成来实现，其中牵引电池热连接到燃料箱的主动箱部分，燃料泵设置在该主动箱部分中并且该主动箱部分通过燃料箱的桥接部分以连通的方式连接到燃料箱的被动箱部分，燃料可以从该被动箱部分输送到主动箱部分中。
应当注意的是，在以下描述中单独列出的特征和测量可以以任何技术上有意义的方式彼此组合，并且示出了本发明的其他配置。该描述另外特别是结合附图表征和具体说明本发明。
根据本发明，牵引电池通过燃料箱和位于燃料箱中的燃料来冷却，在这方面，燃料箱和燃料形成散热板。牵引电池优选地以这样的方式热连接到燃料箱，即可以以尽可能小的热阻将热量从牵引电池的电池单元传递到燃料箱。在这方面，燃料箱的表面可以用于扩大可用的发热表面的目的。不需要额外的空气冷却或液体冷却，因此可以廉价地实现根据本发明的牵引电池的冷却。
通过牵引电池与主动箱部分的热连接，可以可靠地确保至少最少量的燃料总是在燃料箱的连接部分中或上是可用的，牵引电池热连接到该燃料箱的连接部分。连接部分优选地是燃料箱的一部分，牵引电池直接物理地连接到该部分或者通过插入至少一个导热体或材料间接地连接到该部分。通过这种方式，连接部分热连接到牵引电池。
燃料箱可以部分地或完全地由金属板制成，以便实现在牵引电池和燃料之间的良好的热传递。燃料箱的这种配置在车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的加压燃料系统(例如通常存在于插电式混合动力电动车辆中)的情况下也是有利的。供选择地，燃料箱可以部分地或完全地由合成材料或复合材料制成。
设置在燃料箱的外部并且热连接到燃料箱的牵引电池具有可以组合以形成单独的电池单元模块的多个电池单元，例如锂离子电池单元。电池单元可以以这样的方式被集成在牵引电池的电池壳体内，即热量直接从电池单元传递到电池壳体。为此目的，电池单元优选地直接连接到电池壳体的部分，该电池壳体的部分连接到燃料箱的连接部分。
牵引电池优选地以这样的方式连接到燃料箱，即在牵引电池和燃料箱之间产生夹紧力，以便确保牵引电池和燃料箱之间的最大表面接触，以使可以进行从牵引电池到燃料箱的最佳热传递。
根据有利的配置，牵引电池设置在主动箱部分下方的地板上。通过这种方式，燃料箱的相对大的连接部分可用于将牵引电池连接到主动箱部分。相比于被动箱部分，主动箱部分可以具有减小的整体高度。例如，被动箱部分的整体高度可以对应于主动箱部分的整体高度和牵引电池的整体高度的总和。
另一种有利的配置提供的是，在桥接部分的底壁上设置至少一个突出到燃料箱中的隔板，该隔板沿着整个桥接部分延伸。通过这种方式，防止位于主动箱部分中的燃料在车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的运行期间晃动到被动箱部分中。此外，可以减少在行驶期间由于燃料的运动而在燃料箱内产生的晃动噪声，从而改善相应车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的乘坐舒适性，特别是因为相应的噪声将在车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)的安静电动操作模式期间可明显感知。
根据另一种有利的配置，牵引电池通过导热膏或至少一个热分布板至少部分地热连接到燃料箱。借助于导热膏，可以改善牵引电池和燃料箱之间的热传递。为此目的，导热膏被预先例如在表面上施加到牵引电池上和/或施加到燃料箱的连接部分上。借助于热分布板，牵引电池的电池单元中产生的热量可以更好地分布到牵引电池和燃料箱的连接部分之间的整个接触表面，从而使牵引电池的冷却更均匀并且因此更有效。
此外，上述目的通过具有根据权利要求5所述的特征的车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)来实现，该车辆具有根据前述配置中的一个或者根据这些配置中的至少两个彼此的任意组合的至少一个总成。
上面参照总成所述的优点相应地与车辆(特别是混合动力电动车辆)相关联。车辆可以是例如插电式混合动力电动车辆。混合动力电动车辆具有可以通过燃料泵从燃料箱供应燃料的至少一个内燃发动机。
尽管已经特别是在混合动力车辆的基础上描述了本发明，但是纯电动车辆也包括在本发明的保护范围内。尽管电动车辆没有具有用于推进车辆的内燃发动机，但是它们可以具有燃料操作单元，例如燃料操作辅助加热器。在这方面，当然，这些电动车辆具有燃料箱，该燃料箱存储用于燃料操作单元的燃料。如前所述，纯电动车辆的这种燃料箱或存储在燃料箱中的燃料可以通过使用前述燃料箱的有利设置和配置来用于冷却电池的目的。
附图说明
在从属权利要求和以下附图的描述中公开了本发明的其他有利配置。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的混合动力电动车辆的实施例的后部的示意性仰视图；以及
图2示出了图1中所示的混合动力电动车辆的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
在不同的附图中，相同的部件总是设置有相同的附图标记，由此按规则这些部件通常也仅描述一次。
图1示出了根据本发明的特别是混合动力电动车辆1(其在下面被称为混合动力电动车辆1)的车辆的实施例的后部的示意性仰视图。混合动力电动车辆1具有车底2，该车底2具有两个横向侧元件3和4。此外，示出了在车辆的纵向方向上延伸的排气管5的一部分。
混合动力电动车辆1具有总成6，该总成6具有采用鞍形箱的形式的燃料箱7、设置在燃料箱7的外部并且热连接到燃料箱7的牵引电池8、以及设置在燃料箱7中用于将燃料箱7中可用的燃料输送到混合动力电动车辆1的内燃发动机(未示出)的燃料泵9。
燃料箱7具有主动箱部分10、被动箱部分11和桥接部分12，燃料泵9设置在主动箱部分10中，桥接部分12以连通的方式将主动箱部分10连接到被动箱部分11。主动箱部分10具有比被动箱部分11更小的整体高度，这从图2中变得清楚。桥接部分12具有最小的整体高度并且在地板上限定引导排气管5通过的通道，这同样从图2中变得清楚。在桥接部分12的底壁上设置突出到燃料箱7中并且如图2所示的隔板，该隔板沿着整个桥接部分12在车辆的纵向方向上延伸。
牵引电池8可以至少部分地通过导热膏(未示出)热连接到燃料箱7。牵引电池8通过电池端子13连接到混合动力电动车辆1的其他电气部件(未示出)。牵引电池8具有图2中所示的多个电池模块，这些电池模块各自直接热连接和物理连接到牵引电池8的热分布板(如图2所示)，该热分布板相应地直接热连接和物理连接到牵引电池8的电池壳体14。电池壳体14例如通过未示出的导热膏热连接到主动箱部分10。
在压力侧上连接到燃料泵9的是燃料供应管路15，该燃料供应管路15用于向混合动力电动车辆1的内燃发动机(未示出)供应燃料。此外，连接到燃料泵9的压力侧的是输送单元16，利用该输送单元16，燃料可以从被动箱部分11输送出来到主动箱部分10中，所述输送单元的结构和操作模式从图2变得清晰。
因此，牵引电池8热连接到燃料箱7的主动箱部分10，燃料泵9设置在该主动箱部分10中并且该主动箱部分10通过燃料箱7的桥接部分12以连通的方式连接到燃料箱7的被动箱部分11。燃料可以从被动箱部分11输送到主动箱部分10中。特别地，牵引电池8设置在主动箱部分10的下方的地板上或者大地测量低于主动箱部分10。
图2示出了图1中所示的混合动力电动车辆1的示意性剖视图。可以看出，主动箱部分10具有比被动箱部分11更小的整体高度。此外，可以看出桥接部分12具有最小的整体高度并且在地板上限定通道17，排气管5被引导通过通道17。此外，示出了牵引电池8的两个电池模块18，两个电池模块18各自直接热连接和物理连接到牵引电池8的热分布板19。设置在桥接部分12的底壁上的是突出到燃料箱7中的隔板20，该隔板20沿着整个桥接部分12在车辆的纵向方向上延伸。
输送单元16具有从燃料供应管路15分支出的管路21，利用该管路21，用燃料泵9吸入的一些燃料22可以再次供应到主动箱部分10。附接到管路21的是输送管路23，该输送管路23向右延伸到被动箱部分11的底部附近。当燃料泵9被激活时，燃料22流过管路21，该管路21具有文丘里喷嘴(未示出)，输送管路23连接到该文丘里喷嘴。借助于文丘里喷嘴产生的负压，燃料22通过输送管路23被吸入并通过管路21供应到主动箱部分10。燃料泵9被激活时存在的燃料的流动通过箭头来表示。
尽管已经特别是在混合动力车辆的基础上描述了本发明，但是纯电动车辆也包括在本发明的保护范围内。尽管电动车辆没有具有用于推进车辆的内燃发动机，但是它们可以具有燃料操作单元，例如燃料操作辅助加热器。在这方面，当然，这些电动车辆具有燃料箱，该燃料箱存储用于燃料操作单元的燃料。如前所述，纯电动车辆的这种燃料箱或存储在燃料箱中的燃料可以通过使用前述燃料箱的有利设置和配置来用于冷却电池的目的。
附图标记列表
1 车辆/混合动力电动车辆
2 车底
3 侧元件
4 侧元件
5 排气管
6 总成
7 燃料箱
8 牵引电池
9 燃料泵
10 主动箱部分
11 被动箱部分
12 桥接部分
13 电池端子
14 电池壳体
15 燃料供应管路
16 输送单元
17 通道
18 电池模块
19 热分布板
20 隔板
21 来自16的管路
22 燃料
23 来自16的输送管路

Claims (5)

1.一种用于车辆的总成(6)，所述车辆特别是混合动力电动车辆(1)，所述总成(6)具有采用鞍形箱的形式的至少一个燃料箱(7)、设置在所述燃料箱(7)的外部并且热连接到所述燃料箱(7)的至少一个牵引电池(8)、以及设置在所述燃料箱(7)中用于将所述燃料箱(7)中可用的燃料(22)输送到所述混合动力电动车辆(1)的内燃发动机的至少一个燃料泵(9)，
其特征在于，
所述牵引电池(8)热连接到所述燃料箱(7)的主动箱部分(10)，所述燃料泵(9)设置在所述主动箱部分(10)中并且所述主动箱部分(10)通过所述燃料箱(7)的桥接部分(12)以连通的方式连接到所述燃料箱(7)的被动箱部分(11)，所述燃料(22)能够从所述被动箱部分(11)输送到所述主动箱部分(10)中。
2.如权利要求1所述的总成(6)，
其特征在于，
所述牵引电池(8)设置在所述主动箱部分(10)下方的地板上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的总成(6)，
其特征在于，
在所述桥接部分(12)的底壁上设置突出到所述燃料箱(7)中的至少一个隔板(20)，所述隔板(20)沿着整个桥接部分(12)延伸。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的总成(6)，
其特征在于，
所述牵引电池(8)至少部分地通过导热膏或至少一个热分布板(19)热连接到所述燃料箱(7)。
5.一种车辆，所述车辆特别是混合动力电动车辆(1)，其特征在于，
包含至少一个如前述权利要求中任一项所述的总成(6)。
CN201910039135.1A 2018-01-24 2019-01-16 用于特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆的总成，以及特别是混合动力电动车辆的车辆 Pending CN110077214A (zh)

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