CN110074145B - Application of michelia figo ethanol extract in pesticide - Google Patents
Application of michelia figo ethanol extract in pesticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN110074145B CN110074145B CN201810099363.3A CN201810099363A CN110074145B CN 110074145 B CN110074145 B CN 110074145B CN 201810099363 A CN201810099363 A CN 201810099363A CN 110074145 B CN110074145 B CN 110074145B
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- ethanol extract
- total alkaloids
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- blight
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention relates to the use of the bulb (ethanol extract and total alkaloids) of Lycoris aurea (L' Herit.) in pesticides. The ethanol extract and total alkaloids can be used as plant virus agent for inhibiting tobacco mosaic virus; the ethanol extract and total alkaloids can be used as bactericide, and have inhibitory activity on early blight of tomato, gibberellic disease of wheat, late blight of potato, phytophthora capsici, sclerotium of colza, gray mold of cucumber, rice sheath blight, cucumber wilt, peanut brown spot, apple ring rot, wheat sheath blight, corn spot, watermelon anthrax, and rice bakanae. The ethanol extract and total alkaloids are used as pesticide with toxic activity on armyworm, mosquito larva, cotton bollworm, corn borer and diamond back moth. The ethanol extract of the bulbus smilacis glabrae and the biological total alkali of the bulbus smilacis glabrae can be used for green prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of an ethanol extract of lycoris aurea in pesticides, which comprises the ethanol extract and total alkaloids of lycoris aurea, relates to application of resisting plant viruses, sterilization and disinsection, and belongs to the technical field of pesticides.
Background
The world population continues to grow, and the problem of food supply becomes an important issue to be solved urgently. Pesticides play an important role in increasing the yield of grains, but the long-term unreasonable use of traditional chemically synthesized pesticides seriously affects the ecological environment (pesticides 1999, 38(10), 9-10). With the development of society, the awareness of food safety and ecological protection of people is continuously improved, and the requirements of laws and regulations related to pesticides are increasingly strict, so that environment-friendly pesticides become hot spots of research, wherein plant-derived pesticides become the first choice of research (j. Lycoris aurea (Lycoris aurea (L' Herit.) Herb), also known as Lycoris radiata, iron color arrow and big arrow, is a representative plant of Lycoris radiata in lycoridaceae, is used as a traditional Chinese medicine for eliminating phlegm and promoting vomiting, is also used as a soil pesticide by farmers, and is a popular ornamental plant (Chinese plant will) at present.
CN101837075A discloses the use of extracts of lycoris aurea or organic solvent extracts for preventing or treating dementia.
CN105199872A discloses a liquid detergent containing 69-88.5% of traditional Chinese medicine liquid, wherein the liquid medicine contains 3-10 parts of iron-colored arrow.
CN105238582A discloses an antibacterial laundry detergent containing 69-88.5% of a traditional Chinese medicine liquid, wherein the liquid contains 3-10 parts of iron-colored arrow.
CN106165707A discloses a pesticide containing 10-15% of traditional Chinese medicine extract applied to pomegranate trees, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine extract contains 0.2-0.6 part of solidago decurrens.
CN106035417A discloses a pesticide for controlling yellow mites of sweet pepper tea, which contains 1.8-2.0 parts of lycoris aurea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of an ethanol extract of lycoris aurea in pesticides, which comprises two combinations of the ethanol extract and total alkaloids of lycoris aurea, and relates to application of resisting plant viruses, sterilizing and killing insects.
The extraction method of the michelia figo ethanol extract and the michelia figo total alkaloid comprises the following steps: 1.49kg of fresh smile bulbs (purchased in the persistent flower market of Jiangsu province) are cut into pieces, extracted in 2.5L of ethanol for 7 days, filtered and the filtrate is collected. The residue is extracted again as above and repeated two or more times. Collecting all filtrates, and vacuum concentrating to obtain black paste or slurry, i.e. ethanol extract of bulbus smilacis. 10g of ethanol extract of the bulbus smilacis glabrae bulb is taken, 10mL of diluted hydrochloric acid (1mol/L) is added, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20 minutes, and then chloroform (40mL) is used for extraction. The resulting aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 10 with aqueous ammonia and then extracted with chloroform (30 mL. times.3). And (3) combining organic phases, drying the organic phases by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrating to obtain a yellow solid, namely the michelia figo bulb ethanol total alkaloid.
The michelia alcohol extract and the michelia total alkaloid provided by the invention have better plant virus resisting activity, sterilization and insecticidal activity.
The inhibition rate of the lycoris aurea total alkaloid on tobacco mosaic virus is about 40% under the concentration of 500mg/L, and the lycoris aurea total alkaloid is equivalent to the commercial antiviral agent ribavirin.
The lycoris aurea ethanol extract and lycoris aurea total alkaloids provided by the invention have an inhibiting effect on tomato early blight, wheat scab, potato late blight, phytophthora capsici, rape sclerotium, cucumber gray mold, rice sheath blight, cucumber wilt, peanut brown spot, apple ring rot, rice sheath blight, corn speckles, watermelon anthracnose and rice bakanae.
The michelia figo ethanol extract and the michelia figo total alkaloids have toxic activity on armyworms, mosquito larvae, cotton bollworms, corn borers, aphids, adult mites and diamond back moths.
The michelia alcohol extract and the total alkaloids of the michelia figo provided by the invention can be directly used as pesticides, can be added with agriculturally acceptable carriers for use, and can also be used in a compounding way.
Detailed Description
The following examples and biological test results are presented to further illustrate the invention and are not meant to limit the invention.
Example 1: anti-tobacco mosaic virus:
the measurement procedure was as follows
Virus purification and concentration determination: virus purification and concentration determinations were performed in accordance with the tobamovirus SOP specifications compiled by the institute of elements institute of south-opening university. Centrifuging the virus crude extract with polyethylene glycol for 2 times, measuring concentration, and refrigerating at 4 deg.C for use.
Compound solution preparation: weighing, adding DMF to dissolve to obtain 1 × 10 solution-5Mu g/mL of mother liquor, and then diluting the mother liquor to the required concentration by using a water solution containing 1% of Tween 80;
the protection effect of the living body is as follows: selecting 3-5 leaf-period Saxifraga, spraying the whole plant, repeating the treatment for 3 times, and comparing with Tween 80 aqueous solution. After 24h, the leaf surfaces are scattered with carborundum (500 meshes), the virus liquid is dipped by a writing brush, the whole leaf surfaces are lightly wiped for 2 times along the branch vein direction, the lower parts of the leaf surfaces are supported by palms, the virus concentration is 10 mu g/mL, and the inoculated leaf surfaces are washed by running water. And recording the number of the disease spots after 3 days, and calculating the control effect.
Therapeutic action in vivo: selecting 3-5 leaf-stage Saxismoke with uniform growth vigor, inoculating virus with whole leaf of writing brush at a virus concentration of 10 μ g/mL, and washing with running water after inoculation. After the leaves are harvested, the whole plant is sprayed with the pesticide, the treatment is repeated for 3 times, and a 1 per mill tween 80 aqueous solution is set for comparison. After 3 days, the number of lesions was recorded and the control effect was calculated.
The living body passivation effect is as follows: selecting 3-5 leaf-period Saxismoke with uniform growth, mixing the preparation with virus juice of the same volume, inactivating for 30min, performing friction inoculation with virus concentration of 20 μ g/mL, washing with running water after inoculation, repeating for 3 times, and setting Tween 80 water solution of 1 ‰ as reference. The number of lesions was counted after 3 days, and the results were calculated. Inhibition (%) < percent [ (control number of scorched spots-number of treated scorched spots)/control number of scorched spots ]. times.100%
The results of the anti-tobacco mosaic virus activity test of the ethanol extract of lycoris aurea and the total alkaloids of lycoris aurea are as follows:
TABLE 1 ethanol extract and Total alkaloid of Dioscorea Ophiorrhiza anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Activity
From Table 1 it can be seen that the activity of the total alkaloids of Dolichos neglectus at concentrations of 500mg/L and 100mg/L against tobacco mosaic virus is comparable to that of the commercially available antiviral agent ribavirin.
Example 2: fungicidal activity:
the measurement procedure was as follows
Taking tomato early blight as an example, other bacteria can be replaced
In vitro test method: inoculating the tomato early blight bacteria to PDA culture medium, culturing for 7 days, preparing bacterial dish with diameter of 4cm at colony edge with puncher, inoculating to PDA culture medium containing 50 μ g/mL and no medicine, culturing for 4 days, measuring colony diameter, and comparing with control to calculate the inhibition percentage of the medicine.
The bactericidal activity test results of the ethanol extract of lycoris aurea and the total alkaloids of lycoris aurea are as follows:
TABLE 2 fungicidal Activity of ethanol extract of Bulbophyllum aureum and Total alkaloid of Bulbophyllum aureum
TABLE 2 fungicidal Activity of ethanol extract of Bulbophyllum neglectum and Total alkaloid of Bulbophyllum neglectum (continuous)
From table 2, it can be seen that 50mg/L of the ethanol extract and total alkaloids of lycoris aurea have inhibitory effects on early blight of tomato, gibberellic disease of wheat, late blight of potato, phytophthora capsici, sclerotium napellus, botrytis cinerea, rice sheath blight, cucumber wilt, peanut brown spot, apple ring rot, wheat sheath blight, corn speck, watermelon anthrax and rice bakanae, wherein the inhibition rate of the total alkaloids of lycoris aurea to wheat sheath blight reaches 75.6% at 50 μ g/mL.
Example 3: insecticidal activity
Activity test of bollworm
The experimental method of the cotton bollworm comprises the following steps: leaf soaking method. After the required concentration is prepared, soaking leaves with the diameter of 5-6 cm into the liquid medicine for 5-6 seconds, taking out, putting on absorbent paper for airing, putting in a specified culture dish, inoculating 10 larvae of 3 years old, putting in an insect room at 27 +/-1 ℃ for observing for 3-4 days, and then checking the result.
Activity test of armyworm
The experimental method of the armyworm comprises the following steps: leaf soaking method. After the required concentration is prepared, soaking leaves with the diameter of about 5-6 cm into the liquid medicine for 5-6 seconds, taking out, placing on absorbent paper to observe dryness, placing in a specified culture dish, inoculating 10 larvae of 3 years old, placing in an insect room at 27 +/-1 ℃ to observe for 3-4 days, and then checking the result.
Activity test of corn borer
The experimental method for testing the corn borers comprises the following steps: and (3) a leaf soaking method, namely soaking leaves with the diameter of about 5-6 cm into the liquid medicine for 5-6 seconds after the required concentration is prepared, taking out the leaves, placing the leaves on absorbent paper for observing dryness, placing the leaves in a specified culture dish, inoculating 10 larvae of 3 years old, placing the larvae in an insect room at the temperature of 27 +/-1 ℃ for observing for 3-4 days, and then checking the result.
Activity assay for mosquito larvae
Experimental method of mosquito larvae: culex pipiens light subspecies, normal population of indoor word culture. Weighing about 5mg of test compound into a penicillin drug bottle, adding 5mL of acetone (or a suitable solvent), and shaking to dissolve to obtain 1000 μ g/mL of mother liquor. Transferring 1mL of mother liquor, adding the mother liquor into a 100mL beaker filled with 89.9mL of water, selecting 10 heads of 4-year-old primary mosquito larvae, and pouring the selected larvae and 10mL of feeding liquid into the beaker together, wherein the concentration of the liquid medicine is 10 mu g/mL. The sample is placed in a standard processing chamber, and the result is checked for 24 h. An aqueous solution containing 0.5mL of the experimental solvent was used as a blank.
Activity test of diamondback moth larvae
The leaf dipping method proposed by the International Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) was adopted. 6mg of the drug sample is weighed on an analytical balance into a 10mL beaker, dissolved in 50 μ L of dimethylformamide (analytical grade), and added with 10mL of water to prepare 600 μ g/mL of drug solution. Dipping the cabbage leaves with straight-head ophthalmological forceps for 2-3 seconds, and throwing off residual liquid. 1 tablet at a time, 3 tablets per sample. And the samples are sequentially placed on the processing paper according to the sample marking sequence. After the liquid medicine is dried, the liquid medicine is put into a straight pipe with the length of 10cm and provided with a mark, 2-year-old plutella xylostella larvae are inoculated, and the pipe orifice is covered by gauze. The experimental treatments were placed in a standard treatment chamber and the results checked after 96 h. Each compound was repeated 3 times. And (4) adding the emulsifier and the solvent into the distilled water only in the comparison, and uniformly stirring.
The toxicity activity test results of the ethanol extract and the biological total alkali of the smilax glabra on cotton bollworms, corn borers, armyworms, diamond back moths and mosquito larvae are as follows:
table 3 insect mortality (%) -test at various concentrations (μ g/mL)
From table 3, it can be seen that the ethanol extract of smilax glabra and the total alkaloids of smilax glabra have killing effects on cotton bollworm, corn borer, armyworm, diamond back moth and mosquito larva, wherein the killing activity of the total alkaloids of smilax glabra on diamond back moth at the concentration of 600 mug/mL is equivalent to that of matrine.
Example 4: test of field efficacy of plutella xylostella
The field plot experiment was conducted by the plant protection institute in Tianjin, 10 months in 2017. Preparing 10% ethanol extract missible oil: 10g ethanol extract of Bupleurum neglectum, 73g DMF, 7g tensiofix (B8426), 7g 7g B7453, 3g SK-44. Adopt the atomizer to carry out the page spraying, the district area: repeat three times with 25 square meters and 1 natural furrow. The blank control of the experiment is sprayed with clear water, and the matrine is the positive control.
TABLE 4 field plot experimental results of ethanol extract of Bulbophyllum aureum for killing Plutella xylostella
From table 4, it can be seen that the effect was increased after 2 days of application at three concentrations using the 10% cream of the ethanol extract of lycoris, but the effect was decreased after 10 days. With concentration (100, 200, 300 g/hm)2) Enhanced emulation of (D) is also enhanced, but 200g/hm2And 300g/hm2The control effect of the concentration is not obviously enhanced after 7 days of application.
Claims (1)
1. The application of the smilax glabra bulb total alkaloid in the aspect of preventing and controlling the rhizoctonia cerealis disease is characterized in that the smilax glabra bulb total alkaloid is prepared by the following method: taking 1.49kg of fresh smilax glabra corm, cutting into pieces, leaching in 2.5L of ethanol for 7 days, filtering, collecting filtrate, leaching the filter residue by the above method for two times, collecting all filtrates, and vacuum concentrating to obtain the smilax glabra corm ethanol extract; taking 10g of ethanol extract of the bulbus smilacis chinensis, adding 10mL of 1mol/L diluted hydrochloric acid, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, extracting with 40mL of chloroform, adjusting the pH value of the obtained water phase to 10 with ammonia water, extracting with 30mL of chloroform for 3 times, combining organic phases obtained by three-time extraction, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering off the sodium sulfate, and concentrating to obtain a yellow solid, namely the bulbus smilacis chinensis total alkaloid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10016354B2 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2018-07-10 | Basf Se | Compositions containing polymeric, ionic compounds comprising imidazolium groups |
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| EP2609929A1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2013-07-03 | Korea Institute of Science and Technology | Composition for preventing or treating dementia |
| CN102613257A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-08-01 | 杭州绿普达生物科技有限公司 | Lycoris radiata bulb extractive pesticide and method for preparing extractive |
| CN105622686A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-01 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Alkaloid compound and preparation method as well as application thereof |
| CN107258799A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-10-20 | 南开大学 | The application of lycorine (lycorine) and lycorine hydrochloride on agricultural chemicals |
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