CN110050693A - A kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed - Google Patents
A kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110050693A CN110050693A CN201910503874.1A CN201910503874A CN110050693A CN 110050693 A CN110050693 A CN 110050693A CN 201910503874 A CN201910503874 A CN 201910503874A CN 110050693 A CN110050693 A CN 110050693A
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- seed
- watermelon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The present invention relates to growth of watermelon technical fields, especially a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed, include the following steps: to select kind, parent's plantation, Seed Identification and compare, backcross transformation, hybridization, seed plantation pre-treatment, it hots water treatment of seeds processing, Low-frequency current trealmenl and fertilizer leaching mix processing, seed pelleting processing, seed plantation, seed collection and seed and generation added to plant.The method that the selection of the high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed uses backcross transformation first, so as to be bred as the new improvement new varieties with disease resistance, and this kind of selection by the target seed of acquisition hot water treatment of seeds processing, Low-frequency current trealmenl, processing is mixed in fertilizer leaching and seed pelleting is handled, to break seed dormancy phase, promote germination, it can also sterilize and defending and fighting against diseases, enhance the resistance of seed, and can be improved the bioactivity of seed, to achieve the effect that high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to growth of watermelon technical field more particularly to a kind of selections of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed.
Background technique
The annual liana of overgrowing of watermelon；Stem, branch are sturdy, have apparent rib.Tendril is more sturdy, has pubescence, petiole is thick, close
By pubescence；Blade papery, profile triangular shape is oval, with white green, the short bristle of two masks, and blade base heart.Monoecism.
Female, male flower is singly born in axil.Male flower bennet is 3-4 centimetres long, close by the long pubescence of yellowish-brown；Calyx cylinder is wide bell；Corolla is yellowish
Color；For stamen closely from life, filigree is short, coyote hole warpage.Female flower: calyx and corolla and male flower are same；Ovary is oval, column cap kidney shape.Fruit
Large size is bordering on spherical or ellipse, and meat, succulence, peel smooth, color and decorative pattern are various.Seed is most, oval, black, red
Color, two sides is smooth, and base portion blunt circle, usual edge slightly arches upward, flowering fruit bearing stage summer.Watermelon is the fruit of summer, and pulp is sweet, can drop
Temperature is driven away summer heat；Seed oil-containing can make pastime food；Pericarp is medicinal, there is the benefits of heat-clearing, diuresis, blood pressure lowering.
In the planting process of watermelon, the breeding of watermelon seed is most important for the yield and quality of watermelon.And it is current
For in the breeding of watermelon seed, the disease resistance of the seed cultivated is unable to reach higher standard, and for seed
Planting process, the dormant period of seed is longer, and resistance and bioactivity are poor, and disease-resistant pest-resistant ability is weaker, thus nothing
Method guarantees higher yield.Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, needing to innovate it improvement.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve disadvantages existing in the prior art, and a kind of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed proposed
The selection of son.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
The selection for designing a kind of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed, includes the following steps:
S1), select kind: selecting 20-30 parts of the variety of watermelon material with different disease resistance traits and there is high-quality quality
With 20-30 parts of variety of watermelon material of Early mature apricot, as hybrid parent；
S2), parent plants: select the location of variety of watermelon plantation cross combination generation population as planting site, it is then right
Variety of watermelon with different disease resistance traits and the variety of watermelon with high-quality quality and Early mature apricot carry out hybrid plant respectively,
Threshing is carried out in the disease-free monomer of maturity period screening high-quality, obtains F1 generation seed；
S3), Seed Identification and compare: F1 generation seed obtained in S2) be subjected to mutual control, then with parent's kind
Son is compareed, and record and identify F1 generation seed；
S4), backcross transformation: again with the variety of watermelon material with different disease resistance traits and with high-quality quality and prematureness
The variety of watermelon material of shape as parent, and according to S2) method repetitive operation 4 times, obtain F5 for seed；
S5), hybridize: F5 obtained in S4) being subjected to mutual hybridization respectively for seed, and also according to S2)
Method repetitive operation 2 times, after obtained seed is stablized, it can be obtained F7 for seed, the as new water melon breed of high-yield disease resisting；
S6), seed plants pre-treatment: first being screened for seed using seed screening plant to F7, removal figure is smaller
Seed, leave the full seed of figure, then seed cleaned and dried, place of hoting water treatment of seeds first then is carried out to seed
Then reason carries out Low-frequency current trealmenl to seed, finally carry out fertilizer leaching to seed and mix processing；
S7), seed pelleting is handled；
S8), seed is planted: to treated that seed sowed, nursery, cultivation and growing season management, until mature
Phase；
S9), seed collection: in the maturity period, selection acquires high-quality monomer, and carries out de- son, obtains F8 for seed；
S10), seed adds generation to plant: according still further to S5) method repetitive operation, carry out plus generation, screening, until offspring is comprehensive
Character stable and consistent can be obtained the target variety of high-yield disease resisting.
Preferably, in S6) in, processing of hoting water treatment of seeds specifically comprises the following steps: for the F7 of acquisition to be all put into for seed
It fills in the container of warm water, after a certain period of time, seed is all taken out, places into cold water and is cooled down.
Preferably, the temperature for filling the warm water in the container of warm water is 55-60 DEG C, and impregnates 8-12min, cold water when cooling
Temperature be 16-19 DEG C, cooling time 11-13min.
Preferably, in S6) in, Low-frequency current trealmenl specifically comprises the following steps: for seed to be placed in the container of insulation,
Using seed or seed soaking water as energization medium, a sheet metal is respectively put as electrode in container both sides again, then connects low-frequency current,
So as to enhance the aqueous activity with enzyme of seed kind transdermally.
Preferably, in S6) in, fertilizer leaching mixes processing and specifically comprises the following steps: first to select excellent species, pulvis is made,
It is poured in clean container, is diluted to muddy, be subsequently poured into seed and mixed with its uniform stirring, spread out and dry, while to keep away
Exempt from direct sunlight and not dry excessively.
Preferably, in S7) in, seed pelleting processing specifically comprises the following steps: first to get out suitable fungicide, desinsection
Agent and micro- fertilizer, then suitable seed-coating machine is used, fungicide, insecticide and micro- non-seed substance of fertilizer are wrapped in kind of a sublist
Face forms thin film.
A kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed proposed by the present invention, beneficial effect are: high-yield disease resisting west
The method that the selection of melon seed uses backcross transformation first, using the variety of watermelon of high-quality precocity as recurrent parent, to have
The variety of watermelon of disease resistance trait is nonrecurrent parent, then passes through the backcross improvement in 5 generations, can both be bred as new having disease resistance
Improvement new varieties, and this kind of selection by the target seed of acquisition hot water treatment of seeds processing, at low-frequency current
Reason, fertilizer leaching mix processing and seed pelleting processing and promote germination to break seed dormancy phase, additionally it is possible to sterilizing and
Defending and fighting against diseases, enhance the resistance of seed, and can be improved the bioactivity of seed, to achieve the effect that high yield.
Specific embodiment
Here is that technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
A kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed, includes the following steps:
S1), select kind: selecting 20-30 parts of the variety of watermelon material with different disease resistance traits and there is high-quality quality
With 20-30 parts of variety of watermelon material of Early mature apricot, as hybrid parent；
S2), parent plants: select the location of variety of watermelon plantation cross combination generation population as planting site, it is then right
Variety of watermelon with different disease resistance traits and the variety of watermelon with high-quality quality and Early mature apricot carry out hybrid plant respectively,
Threshing is carried out in the disease-free monomer of maturity period screening high-quality, obtains F1 generation seed；
S3), Seed Identification and compare: F1 generation seed obtained in S2) be subjected to mutual control, then with parent's kind
Son is compareed, and record and identify F1 generation seed；
S4), backcross transformation: again with the variety of watermelon material with different disease resistance traits and with high-quality quality and prematureness
The variety of watermelon material of shape as parent, and according to S2) method repetitive operation 4 times, obtain F5 for seed；
S5), hybridize: F5 obtained in S4) being subjected to mutual hybridization respectively for seed, and also according to S2)
Method repetitive operation 2 times, after obtained seed is stablized, it can be obtained F7 for seed, the as new water melon breed of high-yield disease resisting,
The method that this kind of method uses backcross transformation, using the variety of watermelon of high-quality precocity as recurrent parent, to have the west of disease resistance trait
Melon kind is nonrecurrent parent, then passes through the backcross improvement in 5 generations, can both be bred as the new improvement new product with disease resistance
Kind.
S6), seed plants pre-treatment: first being screened for seed using seed screening plant to F7, removal figure is smaller
Seed, leave the full seed of figure, then seed cleaned and dried, place of hoting water treatment of seeds first then is carried out to seed
Then reason carries out Low-frequency current trealmenl to seed, finally carry out fertilizer leaching to seed and mix processing；
In S6) in, processing of hoting water treatment of seeds, which specifically comprises the following steps: for the F7 of acquisition to be all put into for seed, fills warm water
Container in, after a certain period of time, by seed all take out, place into cold water and cooled down, filled in the container of warm water
The temperature of warm water is 55-60 DEG C, and impregnates 8-12min, and the temperature of cold water is 16-19 DEG C when cooling, cooling time 11-
13min, according to the temperature capacity of seed feature often stronger than the temperature capacity of germ, uses higher temperatures by processing of hoting water treatment of seeds
Degree kills the surface of the seed and hides in the germ of Interior Seed, and has the effect for promoting seed to sprout concurrently.
In S6) in, Low-frequency current trealmenl specifically comprises the following steps: for seed to be placed in the container of insulation, with seed
Or seed soaking water is energization medium, container both sides respectively put a sheet metal as electrode again, then connect low-frequency current, so as to
Enough aqueous activity with enzyme of enhancing seed kind transdermally.
In S6) in, fertilizer leaching mixes processing and specifically comprises the following steps: first to select excellent species, and pulvis is made, is poured on cleaning
Container in, be diluted to muddy, be subsequently poured into seed and mixed with its uniform stirring, spread out and dry, while to avoid sunlight straight
It penetrates and not dry excessively, processing is mixed by fertilizer leaching, using manually cultivating rhizobium, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, pulvis is made,
So as to promote seed rhizobium comparatively fast to be formed, be conducive to the activity for improving seed.
S7), seed pelleting is handled；
In S7) in, seed pelleting processing specifically comprise the following steps: first to be ready to suitable fungicide, insecticide and
Micro- fertilizer, then suitable seed-coating machine is used, fungicide, insecticide and micro- non-seed substance of fertilizer are wrapped in the surface of the seed, formed
Thin film is handled by seed pelleting, can not only improve the bioactivity of seed, and has defending insect and killing and sterilization
Characteristic, while convenient for storage, stability is good.
By mixing processing and kind to hot water treatment of seeds processing, Low-frequency current trealmenl, the fertilizer leaching of the target seed of acquisition
Sub- Cotton seeds promote germination to break seed dormancy phase, additionally it is possible to which sterilizing and defending and fighting against diseases enhance the anti-of seed
Property, and can be improved the bioactivity of seed, to achieve the effect that high yield.
S8), seed is planted: to treated that seed sowed, nursery, cultivation and growing season management, until mature
Phase；
S9), seed collection: in the maturity period, selection acquires high-quality monomer, and carries out de- son, obtains F8 for seed；
S10), seed adds generation to plant: according still further to S5) method repetitive operation, carry out plus generation, screening, until offspring is comprehensive
Character stable and consistent can be obtained the target variety of high-yield disease resisting.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed, which comprises the steps of:
S1), select kind: selecting 20-30 parts of the variety of watermelon material with different disease resistance traits and there is high-quality quality and morning
20-30 parts of the variety of watermelon material of maturity shape, as hybrid parent；
S2), parent plants: variety of watermelon select to plant the location of cross combination generation population as planting site, then to having
The variety of watermelon of different disease resistance traits and variety of watermelon with high-quality quality and Early mature apricot carry out hybrid plant respectively, at
The ripe disease-free monomer of phase screening high-quality carries out threshing, obtains F1 generation seed；
S3), Seed Identification and compare: F1 generation seed obtained in S2) be subjected to mutual control, then with parental seed into
Row control, and record and F1 generation seed is identified；
S4), backcross transformation: again with the variety of watermelon material with different disease resistance traits and with high-quality quality and Early mature apricot
Variety of watermelon material as parent, and according to S2) method repetitive operation 4 times, obtain F5 for seed；
S5), hybridize: F5 obtained in S4) being subjected to mutual hybridization respectively for seed, and also according to S2) method
Repetitive operation 2 times, after obtained seed is stablized, it can be obtained F7 for seed, the as new water melon breed of high-yield disease resisting；
S6), seed plants pre-treatment: first being screened for seed using seed screening plant to F7, removes lesser kind of figure
Son leaves the full seed of figure, then seed is cleaned and dried, then first carries out processing of hoting water treatment of seeds to seed,
Then Low-frequency current trealmenl is carried out to seed, fertilizer leaching finally is carried out to seed and mixes processing；
S7), seed pelleting is handled；
S8), seed is planted: to treated that seed sowed, nursery, cultivation and growing season management, until the maturity period；
S9), seed collection: in the maturity period, selection acquires high-quality monomer, and carries out de- son, obtains F8 for seed；
S10), seed adds generation to plant: according still further to S5) method repetitive operation, carry out plus generation, screening, until offspring's Comprehensive Traits
Stable and consistent can be obtained the target variety of high-yield disease resisting.
2. a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S6) in, temperature
Soup seed soaking specifically comprises the following steps: for the F7 of acquisition to be all put into the container for filling warm water for seed, a timing
Between after, by seed all take out, place into cold water and cooled down.
3. a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed according to claim 2, which is characterized in that fill warm water
The temperature of warm water in container is 55-60 DEG C, and impregnates 8-12min, and the temperature of cold water is 16-19 DEG C when cooling, cooling time
For 11-13min.
4. a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S6) in, it is low
Frequency current processing specifically comprises the following steps: for seed to be placed in the container of insulation, is to be powered to being situated between with seed or seed soaking water
Matter, container both sides respectively put a sheet metal as electrode again, then connect low-frequency current, so as to enhance seed kind transdermally water
The activity of property and enzyme.
5. a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S6) in, fertilizer
Material leaching mixes processing and specifically comprises the following steps: first to select excellent species, and pulvis is made, is poured in clean container, is diluted to mud
Pulpous state is subsequently poured into seed and mixes with its uniform stirring, spreads out and dry, while to avoid direct sunlight and should not be excessively dry
It is dry.
6. a kind of selection of high-yield disease resisting watermelon seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S7) in, kind
Sub- Cotton seeds specifically comprise the following steps: first to get out suitable fungicide, insecticide and micro- fertilizer, then are wrapped using suitable
Fungicide, insecticide and micro- non-seed substance of fertilizer are wrapped in the surface of the seed, form thin film by clothing machine.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116326474A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-06-27 | 信阳市农业科学院 | Breeding method of high-yield stress-resistant short-stalk new variety rape |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103782803A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-14 | 长沙创远环保科技有限公司 | Greenhouse early-maturing watermelon cultivation technique |
| CN105638451A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-08 | 烟台鲜明种业有限公司 | Breeding method of low-temperature-resisting and weak-light-resisting female lines of Haiyang white cucumbers and application of breeding method |
-
2019
- 2019-06-12 CN CN201910503874.1A patent/CN110050693A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103782803A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-14 | 长沙创远环保科技有限公司 | Greenhouse early-maturing watermelon cultivation technique |
| CN105638451A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-06-08 | 烟台鲜明种业有限公司 | Breeding method of low-temperature-resisting and weak-light-resisting female lines of Haiyang white cucumbers and application of breeding method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116326474A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-06-27 | 信阳市农业科学院 | Breeding method of high-yield stress-resistant short-stalk new variety rape |
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Application publication date: 20190726 |
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