CN110029250A - High-elongation birmastic and its compression casting preparation method - Google Patents
High-elongation birmastic and its compression casting preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110029250A CN110029250A CN201910268003.6A CN201910268003A CN110029250A CN 110029250 A CN110029250 A CN 110029250A CN 201910268003 A CN201910268003 A CN 201910268003A CN 110029250 A CN110029250 A CN 110029250A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic and its compression casting preparation methods, the alloy includes the following element of percentage: 9.0-12.0%Si, 0.05-0.4%Cu, 0.02-0.05%Mg, 0.05-0.1%Sc, 0.3-0.5%M, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity, wherein M is Ti, at least one of Zr, V element.High-elongation birmastic of the invention is after compression casting, the room-temperature yield strength of pressure cast alloy reaches 169MPa, elongation percentage reaches 10.0%, 200 DEG C of Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature reach 190MPa, high temperature elongation percentage reaches 14.0%, room temperature and Good Heat-resistance, and auto parts can be applied to without solution heat treatment, meet the needs of automotive light weight technology development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-elongation birmastic and its compression casting preparation methods, belong to industrial aluminium
Alloy and manufacturing field.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy is with density is small, specific strength and specific stiffness are higher, corrosion resistance is good and electrical and thermal conductivity is excellent, recycling is held
Easily, the features such as low temperature performance well, it is widely used in the fields such as communications and transportation, aerospace, electronic apparatus.Compression casting is a kind of
By liquid metal, to enter casting die intracavitary and form the casting side of casting in solidification under stress for high-speed filling under high pressure effect
Method.Die casting not only makes casting intensity with higher, dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness, but also is easily achieved mechanization and automatic
Change, it is highly efficient in productivity, complex-shaped thin-section casting can be produced, therefore, is obtained in industries such as automobile, electronic instrument, telecommunications
It obtained and was widely applied.Al-Si alloy is typical cast aluminium alloy gold, has good fluidity, casting densification, is not likely to produce casting
Make the excellent casting character such as crackle, etch resistant properties and medium machinability, it has also become most valued in manufacturing industry
One of structural material is widely used for production engine cylinder body and the parts such as cylinder cap and wheel hub.Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy gold allusion quotation
The type trade mark includes domestic YL102 (AlSi12), YL112 (AlSi8.5Cu3.5), YL113 (AlSi811Cu3), Japanese
A380 (AlSi8.5Cu3.5) of ADC12 (AlSi11Cu3), ADC10 (AlSi8.5Cu3.5) and the U.S. etc., these alloys are strong
Degree and hardness are general, and plasticity and toughness are relatively low, limit its application.
A380 aluminium alloy is most widely used Al-Si alloy, and Si content is up to 7.5wt%~9.5wt%, is had good
Good casting character, and high Cu content (3.0wt%~4.0wt%) can get high intensity and good machinability, it is existing
It has been widely used in the every field such as traffic transport industry (industry such as automobile, motorcycle), space flight and aviation, electronic/electrical device.Together
When, also because Cu content is high in A380, the standard electrode potential of the rich Cu phase of generation is high, is easy in moist or liquid environment
Corrosion.A360 aluminium alloy is also using relatively broad Al-Si alloy, and comparing most significant difference with A380 is Cu content
Low, maximum value 0.6%, the copper-rich phase ratio A380 of formation is few very much, and corrosion resistance is also slightly better than A380 alloy, but due to it
Melting welding and brazing performance are poor, limit application in the industrial production, are typically used as cover board and tool housing.Casting obtains Al-
Si system alloy A380 and A360 alloy, non-heat treated state yield strength generally only have 120MPa, and elongation percentage only has 1% or so, no
It is able to satisfy actual demand, needs to be heat-treated and just can be further improved intensity.And the heat resistance of A380 and A360 aluminium alloy is poor,
Tensile strength at 200 DEG C only has 120MPa.
Limit solid solubility of the magnesium Mg in Al is that 14.9wt%, Mg and Si react the Mg2Si phase generated, when having typical
Precipitation strength effect is imitated, is alloy element important in Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy gold.Since Mg2Si phase is at 180-200 DEG C
There is obvious overaging, nanometer precipitated phase is roughened rapidly, and high-temperature behavior significantly reduces.Simultaneously with the increase of Mg content, close
Yield strength, the tensile strength of gold are obviously improved, but elongation percentage significantly reduces.Simultaneously because 180 DEG C or more Mg2Si phase
Significant roughening, causes the high temperature resistance of 200 DEG C of Al-Si-Mg system alloy poor, is mainly used for that being on active service under room temperature, shape is multiple
Miscellaneous thin-section casting.Cu is intensified element important in Al-Si alloy, significantly improves the room temperature and elevated temperature strength of alloy.Due to
Solid solubility of the Cu at 525 DEG C is up to 4.6%, there was only 0.2% under room temperature, the Al-Si alloy containing Cu can pass through heat treatment
To improve intensity.(the strontium compound microalloyed high rigidity corrosion resistant with magnesium alloy chemical of zirconium of Chinese invention patent 201710640233.1
Lose Al-Si-Cu-based cast aluminium alloy gold and preparation method) patent disclose a kind of Zr, Sr combined microalloying and Mg alloying
High-hardness corrosion-resistant Al-Si-Cu system's cast aluminium alloy gold and preparation method, the component and its mass percent invented are as follows: 7.88
~8.02%Si, 2.04~2.08%Cu, 0.406~0.421%Mg, 0.179~0.182%Zr, 0.0066~0.0069%
Sr, surplus are aluminium and a small amount of impurity element.The inventive technique there are still following problems: the Cu content of the alloy is more than 1% to lead
It causes the freezing range of alloy to increase, is also easy to produce casting flaw, reduce mechanical property;Mg too high levels reduce elongation percentage and high temperature
Performance, elongation percentage is lower than 6% in the invention.
Sc is a kind of efficient fining agent in Al alloy, and crystal grain can significantly be refined by adding micro Sc, while improve material
Intensity and toughness.Sc is added in Al alloy will form a large amount of Al3Sc particle, Al3The lattice constant of Sc is 0.4103nm, with
The mismatch of Al matrix is only 1.32%, is complete coherence with matrix, can effectively refine crystal grain and improve the intensity of alloy.
Chinese invention patent 201210584709.1 (producing vehicle radiating fin aluminium-manganese-zinc-scandium-aluminum alloy foil with continuous casting and rolling method)
Patent discloses a kind of continuous casting and rolling method production vehicle radiating fin aluminium-manganese-zinc-scandium-aluminum alloy foil method, is invented
Vehicle radiating fin aluminium-manganese-zinc-scandium-aluminum alloy foil, specific chemical analysis mass percent are as follows: 0.06%Sc, 0.44%Si,
0.46%Fe, 0.11%Cu, 1.06%Mn, 0.05%Mg, 1.47%Zn, Cr≤0.017%, Ni≤0.014%, Ti≤
0.012%, Zr≤0.026%, surplus Al.The inventive technique there are still following problems: Si content only has in the invention
0.44%, Zn content 1.47% is wrought aluminium alloy, needs complicated continuous casting and rolling and heat treatment process, is different from Al-Si system
Cast aluminium alloy gold.In addition Zn content 1.47% is unfavorable for 150 DEG C or more of high temperature since the fusing point of Zn is low and diffusion rate is fast
Performance is easy to cause aluminium alloy aging.A kind of Chinese invention patent 201810801603.X (Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Ti-Sc alloy
Aging technique) patent disclose a kind of aging technique of Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Ti-Sc alloy, the Al-Si-Mg- of the invention
The ingredient of Zr-Ti-Sc alloy constitutes as follows by mass percentage: Si6.5%, Mg0.35%, Ti0.2%, Zr0.25,
Sc0.01%, surplus are aluminium.The aging technique of invention Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Ti-Sc alloy, it is abundant by two sections of ageing treatments
Alloy potentiality are excavated, to improve the mechanical property of aluminium alloy.Invention aging technique step: solid solution treatment process are as follows: 540 DEG C solid
Molten heat preservation 310min, quenching of coming out of the stove come out of the stove into water time control in 15s, and cooling time is 3~5min in water.At timeliness
Science and engineering skill are as follows: 125 DEG C of timeliness keep the temperature 150min, and then keep the temperature 100~200min in 155 DEG C of timeliness, come out of the stove air-cooled.The invention
Technology there are still following problems: silicone content is too low, is unfavorable for high-temperature behavior.The invention needs to be dissolved and secondary time effect processing,
It is easy to cause cast member in heat treatment process to deform, is unsuitable for the casting such as die casting and Bao Bi, and complicated heat treatment operation
Cause production cost to increase, is difficult industrially to be applied on a large scale.
In addition, a kind of (the graphene rare earth scandium collaboration REINFORCED Al-Si-Mg casting of Chinese invention patent 201811331020.1
Aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof) in disclose a kind of element composition of aluminium alloy are as follows: Si6.00~8.00%, Mg0.20~
0.45%, graphene 0.003~0.007%, Sc0.50~0.60%, Li≤0.05%, Be≤0.05%, B≤0.05%, Na
≤ 0.05%, P≤0.05%, Ti≤0.10%, V≤0.10%, Cr≤0.05%, Mn≤0.10%, Fe≤0.10%, Ni≤
0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Zn≤0.10%, Zr≤0.05%, Sn≤0.05%, Pb≤0.10%, surplus Al.The patent
Technology there are still following problems: Sc content is too high, causes cost too high, is unfavorable for industrial large-scale application;In addition should
The alloy system of invention is complicated, and many alloying elements react, and causes function that cannot play.Such as Na and the P member of addition
Element can go bad to Si output effect, but addition causes Na to react with P to form Na3P and lead to deterioration failure simultaneously;In another example
The graphene and aluminum melt of addition react to form Al4C3, the 4Al+3C=Al4C3 of easy hydrolysis, cannot play graphene
The effect of, and causing alloy unstable, the alloy yield strength of acquisition is only 142-144MPa, while the extension under the intensity
Rate is only 9%.The elements such as Ti, V, Zn and the Sn in addition added cause aluminum substrate lattice to be distorted in the solid solubility of aluminium alloy,
It is horizontal lower than conventional aluminium alloy 6061 to which the conductivity that the patent of invention obtains is greatly lowered.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel casting aluminum alloy, especially raising elongation percentage and high-temperature behavior, acquisition is high tough
Cast aluminium alloy material and its casting technique realize casting and forging, break through the application limitation of cast aluminium alloy gold.
Summary of the invention
The present invention causes it to answer to solve the pack alloys such as existing A380 because of elongation percentage, the insufficient defect of heat resistance
With the professional problem being extremely restricted, the present invention provides a kind of cast aluminium alloy gold that high-elongation is heat-resisting and its preparation side
Method.The alloy presses the room-temperature yield strength of cast alloy to reach 169MPa after compression casting, and elongation percentage reaches 10.0%, 200
DEG C Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature reaches 190MPa, and high temperature elongation percentage reaches 14.0%.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of high-elongation birmastics, including percentage
Following element: 9.0-12.0%Si, 0.05-0.4%Cu, 0.02-0.05%Mg, 0.05-0.1%Sc, 0.3-0.5%M, surplus
For Al and inevitable impurity;Wherein, at least one of M Ti, Zr and V element.
Preferably, the inevitable impurity includes Fe, and the weight percent content of the Fe is no more than
0.2%;The weight percent of the Al is not less than 87%,.
Preferably, in the M element, based on element total amount in alloy, including following weight percent content
Each element: Ti0-0.3%, Zr0-0.3%, V0-0.3%, and the content of three kinds of elements is not 0 simultaneously.
Scheme more preferably, the composite component that the M element is tri- kinds of Ti, Zr, V;The weight of more preferable three kinds of elements
Content ratio is 1:1:2.
In the present invention, cardinal principle is alloying component for compression casting Al-Si alloy, in invention by Cu
Constituent content is controlled in 0.05-0.4%, so that the freezing range of alloy be promoted to be contracted to 35 DEG C by 80 DEG C of A380, is conducive to
Inhibit the roughening in the process of setting of aluminium grain and Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, promote crystal grain refinement and rotten, in order to further refine crystal grain and
The elements such as a small amount of Zr, Ti, V are added in Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, form the high-temperature stable phase with aluminum substrate coherence, effectively refine crystal grain and mention
The intensity of high alloy.The Al3Sc of coherence can also be formed by adding the elements such as micro Sc and Zr, Ti, V simultaneouslyx(Zr,Ti,V)1-x
Compound particle, while fine degenerate Al crystal grain and Al-Si eutectic, give full play to refined crystalline strengthening and Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is strengthened, and obtain more preferable
Crystal grain refinement and strengthening effect.Sc is also beneficial to eliminate the adverse effect of Fe impurity element, increases substantially elongation percentage.In addition
The elements such as a small amount of Cu and Mg are added in Al-Si alloy, it can be with the hardening constituent Q phase of the mild high-temperature stable of forming chamber
Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, in addition 200 DEG C when Cu solid solubility be up to 0.1%, part Al2Cu dissolution, forms solution strengthening, it is suppressed that
Al2The roughening of Cu;And the Cu being dissolved when room temperature is precipitated, and forms more Al2Cu hardening constituent plays precipitation strength effect, in short,
By adding the elements such as a small amount of Cu and Mg, while the solid solution and precipitation strength effect of Cu is played, improves room temperature and elevated temperature strength.This
Zn is eliminated simultaneously in invention, the natrual ageing aging of alloy is prevented, improves high-temperature stability, in addition eliminate Mn element,
The high-temperature crushing for inhibiting the α phase containing Fe, Mn element, to improve high-temperature stability.
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic, packets
It includes the step of weighing raw material, sequentially add technical pure aluminium ingot, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Cu intermediate alloy, the conjunction of the centre Al-Sc
Gold, the fusing of Al-M intermediate alloy, technical pure magnesium ingot, then refining the step of obtaining aluminium alloy melt, again by aluminium alloy melt into
The step of row compression casting;Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) alloying component and stoichiometric ratio are pressed, the dosage of raw material needed for calculating;By technical pure aluminium ingot, technical pure magnesium ingot
Removing oxide layer is removed with Al-Si intermediate alloy and dries preheating;
(2) by after technical pure aluminium ingot all fusing, Al-Si intermediate alloy is added, and keeps the temperature for heating;
(3) after the Al-Si intermediate alloy all fusing, 760~780 DEG C is warming up to, Al-Cu, Al-Ti are sequentially added
Intermediate alloy, Al-M intermediate alloy keep the temperature 15~20 minutes after being all added to all intermediate alloys;
(4) it all melts and finishes to all intermediate alloys, melt temperature is down to 695~705 DEG C of addition technical pure magnesium ingots, to
After the magnesium ingot is completely melt, refining agent is added at 715~725 DEG C and is refined, stands 10~20 minutes after refining, skims
Surface scum obtains aluminium alloy melt;
(5) aluminium alloy melt is cooled between 650~700 DEG C, skims surface scum, with the speed of 0.5~8m/s
Injection is spent into the die casting for being preheated to 220~270 DEG C, obtains the heat-resisting pack alloy of the high-elongation after cooling.
Preferably, the Al-Si intermediate alloy is AlSi23 or AlSi28;The Al-Cu intermediate alloy is
AlCu50;The Al-M intermediate alloy includes Al-Ti intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-V intermediate alloy;The Al-Ti
Intermediate alloy is AlTi5, AlTi10 or AlTi5B1, and the Al-Zr intermediate alloy is AlZr4, and the Al-V intermediate alloy is
AlV5;The Al-Sc intermediate alloy is AlSc2 intermediate alloy.
Preferably, in step (4), the additive amount of the refining agent is the 0.5~1.5% of raw material gross weight.
Preferably, in step (4), the refining agent is grouped as by following group of percentage: carbonic acid
Calcium is 50~70%, and sodium chloride is 10~30%, and potassium chloride is 10~30%.According to refining agent component not in the range
When, such as not sodium chloride-containing or when being free of potassium chloride will lead to the raising of refining agent fusing point, and when refining cannot melt, molten with aluminium alloy
Wetability between body is poor, influences refining effect;When as too low such as calcium carbonate content, the gas content of Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate generation will lead to
Very little, melt stirring cannot be reached and be mingled with oxide etc., bath surface is taken to by bubble buoyancy, cannot reached good
The effect of cleaning molten.
Preferably, in step (4), the temperature of the refining is 720~730 DEG C, the mixing time of refining treatment
For 5~10min.
Preferably, in step (2), it is described be warming up to 720 DEG C after, be added Al-Si intermediate alloy;The Al-Si
Intermediate alloy divides 2-4 addition.
Preferably, in step (2), the fusing step of the technical pure aluminium ingot are as follows: will first account for crucible height 25%
Part technical pure aluminium ingot molten bath is fused at 710~720 DEG C, then by remaining technical pure aluminium ingot be added melt.
The compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic provided by the invention has the beneficial effect that (1)
It is warming up to 760~780 DEG C during alloy melting, intermediate alloy is added and keeps the temperature 15~20 minutes, 760~780 DEG C of high temperature are true
All intermediate alloys all fusing dissolution and homogenization are protected, overcomes intermediate alloy residual particles to the adverse effect of elongation percentage.
(2) present invention by compression casting in process of production, do not need huge process equipment, can pour into complex-shaped
Part saves metal, reduces cost and reduce work hours, improves the market competitiveness of alloy of the present invention, be suitble to be generalized to
In scale industrial production.
The prior art is compared, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) alloy raw material is pure metal and intermediate alloy, and from a wealth of sources, whole preparation process free from admixture element penetrates into,
The aluminium alloy impurity content of preparation is extremely low;
(2) use of refining agent can effectively remove impurity in molten aluminium alloy in casting process, effectively improve aluminium alloy
Mechanical performance and corrosion resistance;
(3) transition metal such as suitable Sc and Zr, Ti, V can effectively improve the performance of existing high strength alumin ium alloy.Use transition
Metal processing, has refined aluminium grain and Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, improves the significantly promotion of yield strength and elongation percentage and elevated temperature strength.
(4) transition metal such as suitable Sc and Zr, Ti, V eliminate the adverse effect of Fe element, significantly promote elongation percentage,
The recovery utilization rate of this alloy can be improved in the Fe of trace simultaneously, and reduction is mingled with requirement to the intermediate alloys such as Al-Si Fe, thus
Reduce intermediate alloy cost.
(5) the alloy material room-temperature yield strength of this method preparation reaches 169MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 10.0%, and 200 DEG C
Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature reaches 190MPa, and high temperature elongation percentage reaches 14.0%, has the characteristics that high-elongation and high-temperature heat-resistance, meets
The requirement of aluminium alloy car components, and simple process, securely and reliably, easy to operate, the market competitiveness with higher,
It is suitble to be generalized in scale industrial production.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is pack alloy as-cast metallographic structure figure in embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of weight percent of high-elongation birmastic are as follows: press stoichiometric, 9.0%Si, 0.05%Cu,
0.05%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Zr, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity F e.
Preparation method is:
(1) with due regard to after scaling loss, by above-mentioned alloying component and stoichiometric ratio, the dosage of raw material needed for calculating;By work
Industry fine aluminium ingot, technical pure magnesium ingot and Al-Si intermediate alloy AlSi23 remove removing oxide layer and dry to be preheated to 200 DEG C;By alloy
Ingredient and stoichiometric ratio, calculate needed for raw material dosage;
(2) after the technical pure aluminium ingot for accounting for crucible height 25% being fused into molten bath at 710 DEG C, remaining aluminium ingot is added;
(3) after aluminium ingot all fusing, 720 DEG C are warming up to, by 4 additions of Al-Si intermediate alloy point, and keeps temperature permanent
It is scheduled on 720 DEG C;
(4) after the Al-Si intermediate alloy all fusing, 780 DEG C is warming up to, is sequentially added among AlCu50, AlZr4
Alloy, AlSc2 intermediate alloy keep the temperature 15 minutes at 780 DEG C after being all added to all intermediate alloys;
(5) it all melts and finishes to all intermediate alloys, melt temperature is down to 695 DEG C of addition technical pure magnesium ingots, to described
After magnesium ingot is completely melt, 0.5% refining agent is added at 715 DEG C and is refined, 720 DEG C of the temperature of refining, refining treatment is stirred
Time 10min is mixed, refining agent component is by mass percentage are as follows: 50% calcium carbonate, 30% sodium chloride, 20% potassium chloride, after refining
20 minutes are stood, surface scum is skimmed, obtains aluminium alloy melt;
(6) aluminium alloy melt is cooled to 660 DEG C, skims surface scum, with the speed injection of 0.5m/s to preheating
Into 220 DEG C of die castings, the heat-resisting pack alloy of the high-elongation is obtained after cooling.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room-temperature yield strength of high-elongation birmastic in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this example
For 150MPa, elongation percentage 14%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 170MPa, elongation percentage 22% at 200 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of weight percent of high-elongation birmastic are as follows: press stoichiometric, 11.0%Si, 0.4%Cu,
0.02%Mg, 0.1%Sc, 0.3%Zr, 0.1%Ti, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity F e.
Preparation method is: (1) technical pure aluminium ingot, technical pure magnesium ingot and Al-Si intermediate alloy AlSi28 being gone deoxygenation
Change layer and dry and is preheated to 200 DEG C;By the ingredient and stoichiometric ratio of alloy, the dosage of raw material needed for calculating;
(2) after the technical pure aluminium ingot for accounting for crucible height 25% being fused into molten bath at 715 DEG C, remaining aluminium ingot is added;
(3) after aluminium ingot all fusing, 720 DEG C is warming up to, Al-Si intermediate alloy is added three times, and keep temperature permanent
It is scheduled on 715 DEG C;
(4) after the Al-Si intermediate alloy all fusing, 760 DEG C is warming up to, is sequentially added among AlCu50, AlZr4
Alloy, AlTi5 intermediate alloy, AlSc2 intermediate alloy keep the temperature 20 minutes at 760 DEG C after being all added to all intermediate alloys;
(5) it all melts and finishes to all intermediate alloys, melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C of addition technical pure magnesium ingots, to described
After magnesium ingot is completely melt, 1.5% refining agent is added at 720 DEG C and is refined, 730 DEG C of the temperature of refining, refining treatment is stirred
Time 10min is mixed, refining agent component is by mass percentage are as follows: 70% calcium carbonate, 10% sodium chloride, 20% potassium chloride, after refining
15 minutes are stood, surface scum is skimmed, obtains aluminium alloy melt;
(6) aluminium alloy melt is cooled to 700 DEG C, skims surface scum, with the speed injection of 8.0m/s to preheating
Into 270 DEG C of die castings, the heat-resisting pack alloy of the high-elongation is obtained after cooling.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room-temperature yield strength of high-elongation birmastic in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this example
For 164MPa, elongation percentage 12%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 180MPa, elongation percentage 19% at 200 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of weight percent of high-elongation birmastic are as follows: press stoichiometric, 12.0%Si, 0.4%Cu,
0.05%Mg, 0.1%Sc, 0.1%Zr, 0.1%Ti, 0.2%V, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity F e.
Preparation method is:
(1) technical pure aluminium ingot, technical pure magnesium ingot and Al-Si intermediate alloy AlSi23 are removed into removing oxide layer and dries preheating
To 200 DEG C;By the ingredient and stoichiometric ratio of alloy, the dosage of raw material needed for calculating;
(2) after the technical pure aluminium ingot for accounting for crucible height 25% being fused into molten bath at 710 DEG C, remaining aluminium ingot is added;
(3) after aluminium ingot all fusing, 720 DEG C are warming up to, by 2 additions of Al-Si intermediate alloy point, and keeps temperature permanent
It is scheduled on 710 DEG C;
(4) after the Al-Si intermediate alloy all fusing, 770 DEG C is warming up to, is sequentially added among AlCu50, AlTi5
Alloy, AlZr4 intermediate alloy, AlV5 intermediate alloy, AlSc2 intermediate alloy, 770 after being all added to all intermediate alloys
DEG C heat preservation 20 minutes;
(5) it all melts and finishes to all intermediate alloys, melt temperature is down to 695 DEG C of addition technical pure magnesium ingots, to described
After magnesium ingot is completely melt, 0.6% refining agent is added at 715 DEG C and is refined, 725 DEG C of the temperature of refining, refining treatment is stirred
Time 15min is mixed, refining agent component is by mass percentage are as follows: 60% calcium carbonate, 30% sodium chloride, 10% potassium chloride, after refining
10 minutes are stood, surface scum is skimmed, obtains aluminium alloy melt;
(6) aluminium alloy melt is cooled to 680 DEG C, skims surface scum, with the speed injection of 4.0m/s to preheating
Into 250 DEG C of die castings, the heat-resisting pack alloy of the high-elongation is obtained after cooling, as-cast metallographic structure schemes such as
Shown in Fig. 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room-temperature yield strength of high-elongation birmastic in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this example
For 169MPa, elongation percentage 10%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 190MPa, elongation percentage 14% at 200 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
A kind of weight percent of high-elongation birmastic are as follows: press stoichiometric, 11.0%Si, 0.2%Cu,
0.04%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Ti, 0.2%V, surplus are Al and inevitable impurity F e.
Preparation method is:
(1) technical pure aluminium ingot, technical pure magnesium ingot and Al-Si intermediate alloy AlSi23 are removed into removing oxide layer and dries preheating
To 200 DEG C;By the ingredient and stoichiometric ratio of alloy, the dosage of raw material needed for calculating;
(2) after the technical pure aluminium ingot for accounting for crucible height 25% being fused into molten bath at 720 DEG C, remaining aluminium ingot is added;
(3) after aluminium ingot all fusing, 720 DEG C are warming up to, by 4 additions of Al-Si intermediate alloy point, and keeps temperature permanent
It is scheduled on 720 DEG C;
(4) after the Al-Si intermediate alloy all fusing, 780 DEG C are warming up to, sequentially add AlCu50, AlTi5B1,
AlTi10 intermediate alloy, AlV5 intermediate alloy, AlSc2 intermediate alloy are protected after being all added to all intermediate alloys at 780 DEG C
Temperature 15 minutes;
(5) it all melts and finishes to all intermediate alloys, melt temperature is down to 705 DEG C of addition technical pure magnesium ingots, to described
After magnesium ingot is completely melt, 1.0% refining agent is added at 725 DEG C and is refined, 730 DEG C of the temperature of refining, refining treatment is stirred
Time 15min is mixed, refining agent component is by mass percentage are as follows: 50% calcium carbonate, 20% sodium chloride, 30% potassium chloride, after refining
20 minutes are stood, surface scum is skimmed, obtains aluminium alloy melt;
(6) aluminium alloy melt is cooled to 650 DEG C, skims surface scum, with the speed injection of 1.0m/s to preheating
Into 240 DEG C of die castings, the heat-resisting pack alloy of the high-elongation is obtained after cooling.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room-temperature yield strength of high-elongation birmastic in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this example
For 160MPa, elongation percentage 12%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 180MPa, elongation percentage 19% at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic, the weight percentage of each element in alloy
By stoichiometric, 8.0%Si, 0.05%Cu, 0.05%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Zr, surplus is Al and inevitably miscellaneous
Matter Fe.
The preparation method of the alloy is same as Example 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room temperature yield of high-elongation birmastic is strong in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this comparative example
Degree is 142 MPa, elongation percentage 14%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 150 MPa, elongation percentage 22% at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic, the weight percentage of each element in alloy
By stoichiometric, 9.0%Si, 0.5%Cu, 0.05%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Zr, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity
Fe。
The preparation method of the alloy is same as Example 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room temperature yield of high-elongation birmastic is strong in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this comparative example
Degree is 154 MPa, elongation percentage 4.5%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 155 MPa, elongation percentage 13% at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic, the weight percentage of each element in alloy
By stoichiometric, 9.0%Si, 0.05%Cu, 0.1%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Zr, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity
Fe。
The preparation method of the alloy is same as Example 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room temperature yield of high-elongation birmastic is strong in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this comparative example
Degree is 152 MPa, elongation percentage 8.0%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 154 MPa, elongation percentage 14% at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic, the weight percentage of each element in alloy
By stoichiometric, 9.0%Si, 0.05%Cu, 0.05%Mg, 0.15%Sc, 0.3%Zr, surplus is Al and inevitably miscellaneous
Matter Fe.
The preparation method of the alloy is same as Example 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room temperature yield of high-elongation birmastic is strong in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this comparative example
Degree is 160 MPa, elongation percentage 7.5%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 160 MPa, elongation percentage 12.3% at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic, the weight percentage of each element in alloy
By stoichiometric, 13%Si, 0.05%Cu, 0.05%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Zr, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity
Fe。
The preparation method of the alloy is same as Example 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room temperature yield of high-elongation birmastic is strong in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this comparative example
Degree is 170 MPa, elongation percentage 2.5%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 155 MPa, elongation percentage 8.2% at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a kind of high-elongation birmastic, the weight percentage of each element in alloy
By stoichiometric, 9%Si, 0.05%Cu, 0.05%Mg, 0.05%Sc, 0.3%Cr, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity
Fe。
The preparation method of the alloy is same as Example 1.
Pack alloy obtained is carried out to a. room temperature tensile test respectively;B.200 DEG C, after heat exposure processing in 200 hours
The as cast condition room temperature yield of high-elongation birmastic is strong in 200 DEG C of progress high temperature tensile properties tests, this comparative example
Degree is 130 MPa, elongation percentage 3.5%;Drawing by high temperature tensile strength is 145 MPa, elongation percentage 6.8% at 200 DEG C.
There are many concrete application approach of the present invention, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention.More than it should be pointed out that
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and the protection scope being not intended to restrict the invention.For the common skill of the art
For art personnel, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement can also be made, these improvement also should be regarded as this hair
Bright protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-elongation birmastic, which is characterized in that the following element including percentage: 9.0-
12.0%Si, 0.05-0.4%Cu, 0.02-0.05%Mg, 0.05-0.1%Sc, 0.3-0.5%M, surplus are Al and can not keep away
The impurity exempted from;The M is at least one of Ti, Zr and V element.
2. high-elongation birmastic as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inevitable impurity packet
Fe is included, and the weight percent content of the Fe is no more than 0.2%;The weight percent of the Al is not less than 87%.
3. high-elongation birmastic as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the M element, by alloy
Element total amount meter, each element including following weight percent content: Ti0-0.3%, Zr0-0.3%, V0-0.3%, and three kinds
The content of element is not 0 simultaneously.
4. prepared by a kind of compression casting of high-elongation birmastic as described in any one of claims 1 to 3
Method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) alloying component and stoichiometric ratio are pressed, the dosage of raw material needed for calculating;By technical pure aluminium ingot, technical pure magnesium ingot and Al-
Si intermediate alloy removes removing oxide layer and dries preheating;
(2) by after technical pure aluminium ingot all fusing, Al-Si intermediate alloy is added, and keeps the temperature for heating;
(3) after the Al-Si intermediate alloy all fusing, 760~780 DEG C is warming up to, is sequentially added among Al-Cu, Al-M
Alloy, Al-Sc intermediate alloy keep the temperature 15~20 minutes at 760~780 DEG C after being all added to all intermediate alloys;
(4) it all melts and finishes to all intermediate alloys, melt temperature is down to 695~705 DEG C of addition technical pure magnesium ingots, to described
After technical pure magnesium ingot is completely melt, refining agent is added at 715~725 DEG C and is refined, stands 10~20 minutes after refining, skims
Surface scum is removed, aluminium alloy melt is obtained;
(5) aluminium alloy melt is cooled between 650~700 DEG C, skims surface scum, with the speed pressure of 0.5~8m/s
It is mapped in the die casting for being preheated to 220~270 DEG C, obtains the heat-resisting pack alloy of the high-elongation after cooling.
5. the compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic as described in claim 4, which is characterized in that
The Al-Si intermediate alloy is AlSi23 or AlSi28;The Al-Cu intermediate alloy is AlCu50;It is closed among the Al-M
Gold includes Al-Ti intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-V intermediate alloy;The Al-Ti intermediate alloy be AlTi5,
AlTi10 or AlTi5B1, the Al-Zr intermediate alloy are AlZr4, and the Al-V intermediate alloy is AlV5;In the Al-Sc
Between alloy be AlSc2 intermediate alloy.
6. the compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (4), the additive amount of the refining agent is the 0.5~1.5% of raw material gross weight.
7. the compression casting preparation method of the high-elongation birmastic as described in claim 4 or 6, feature exist
In in step (4), the refining agent is grouped as by following group of percentage: calcium carbonate is 50~70%, sodium chloride
It is 10~30%, potassium chloride is 10~30%.
8. the compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (4), the temperature of the refining is 720~730 DEG C, and the mixing time of refining treatment is 5~10min.
9. the compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly in (2), it is described be warming up to 720 DEG C after, be added Al-Si intermediate alloy;The Al-Si intermediate alloy divides 2-4 addition;It is described
Holding temperature is 710~720 DEG C.
10. the compression casting preparation method of high-elongation birmastic as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
In step (2), the fusing step of the technical pure aluminium ingot are as follows: first the part technical pure aluminium ingot for accounting for crucible height 20-25% exists
It is fused into molten bath at 710~720 DEG C, then remaining technical pure aluminium ingot is added and is melted.
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