CN107937768B - Extrusion casting aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Extrusion casting aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107937768B CN107937768B CN201711366311.XA CN201711366311A CN107937768B CN 107937768 B CN107937768 B CN 107937768B CN 201711366311 A CN201711366311 A CN 201711366311A CN 107937768 B CN107937768 B CN 107937768B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) Chemical compound [Sb+3] FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018594 Si-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008465 Si—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
Abstract
The invention provides an extrusion casting aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and the extrusion casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8% -12% of silicon; iron is less than 0.9%; 1-4% of copper; manganese is 0.2-0.8%; 0.3 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and less than 0.35 percent of zinc; tin is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and cadmium is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the sum of other impurities is not more than 0.3%; the balance being aluminum. The extrusion casting aluminum alloy has good tensile strength, yield strength and hardness, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of thick-wall and thin-wall forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy materials, and particularly relates to an extrusion casting aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
background
The aluminum alloy is a multi-performance material which is beneficial to the light weight of equipment. By adjusting different element components, the aluminum alloy can respectively have different performances such as high heat conductivity, high electric conductivity, high yield strength, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, high toughness, high hardness and the like. The method is widely applied to the fields of communication, automobiles, transportation, power, aerospace and the like. With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements of high and new technology on materials are higher and higher. The single performance in the past can not meet the development requirement of the technology. The existing aluminum alloy material not only has strict requirements on the basic chemical components, but also needs to meet various special use requirements and has multiple properties. Some of these properties are even considered to be contradictory to each other in the past. Aiming at the use characteristics of different materials, various components and the performance thereof in the materials are reasonably prepared and optimized according to the specific requirements of the materials, so that the creation of a corresponding new aluminum alloy material is the objective requirement of the current and future development period.
ADC12 is a Japanese brand, also called 12 aluminum material, Al-Si-Cu series alloy, is an aluminum alloy which can be die cast and extrusion cast, and is suitable for cylinder cover covers, sensor supports, cylinder bodies and the like. It has good die casting performance and certain mechanical property, so that it is widely used in various common castings. However, since the die casting adopts a high-speed and high-pressure mode, the die casting is inevitably involved in gas, and the quality is affected. The extrusion casting is a low-speed high-pressure casting forming mode, and is characterized in that the air entrainment phenomenon in a die cavity during casting forming can be greatly reduced, the compactness of the casting is improved, and the quality of the casting is improved. It is a casting molding mode which can meet the high performance requirement. For higher mechanical property requirements, the existing ADC12 alloy can not meet the requirements by adopting a die casting or extrusion casting mode. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an aluminum alloy material which is superior to the ADC12 alloy in performance and can satisfy both thick-walled and thin-walled extrusion molding.
disclosure of Invention
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the extrusion casting aluminum alloy material which can simultaneously meet the requirements of thick-wall and thin-wall forming and has better tensile strength, yield strength and hardness and the preparation method thereof.
The invention provides an extrusion casting aluminum alloy material which comprises the following components in percentage by weight except aluminum: 8% -12% of silicon; iron is less than 0.9%; 1-4% of copper; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.3 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and less than 0.35 percent of zinc.
Preferably, the squeeze casting aluminum alloy material further comprises lead of less than or equal to 0.1%.
Preferably, the squeeze casting aluminum alloy material further comprises tin which is less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
Preferably, the squeeze casting aluminum alloy material further comprises 0.01% or less of cadmium.
The invention also provides an extrusion casting aluminum alloy material which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8% -12% of silicon; iron is less than 0.9%; 1-4% of copper; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.3 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and less than 0.35 percent of zinc; tin is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and cadmium is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the sum of other impurities is not more than 0.3%; the balance being aluminum.
preferably, the iron is 0.15% to 0.9%.
preferably, the zinc is 0.05% to 0.35%.
Preferably, silicon is 10% -12%; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of iron; 2% -3% of copper; 0.4 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.4 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and 0.05 to 0.35 percent of zinc.
Preferably, the silicon is 10% -11.5%; 0.1 to 0.3 percent of iron; 2 to 2.9 percent of copper; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of manganese; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of magnesium and 0.05 to 0.1 percent of zinc.
the invention also provides a preparation method of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) putting an aluminum ingot and silicon into a smelting furnace, and heating to melt the aluminum ingot and the silicon into molten metal;
(2) Adding manganese additive, iron additive and copper additive when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 800-880 ℃;
(3) cooling the molten metal to 760-780 ℃;
(4) Adding a refining agent for refining, purifying and deslagging;
(5) Adding magnesium and melting the magnesium, and then adding a small amount of antimony element additive to modify the magnesium to obtain aluminum liquid;
(6) And casting an aluminum alloy ingot at the aluminum liquid temperature of 740 and 760 ℃.
The extrusion casting aluminum alloy material has higher tensile strength, yield strength and hardness after extrusion casting, and can meet the requirements of thick-wall and thin-wall forming at the same time.
Detailed Description
the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can implement the present invention, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
the embodiment of the invention provides an extrusion casting aluminum alloy material which comprises the following components in parts by weight except aluminum: 8% -12% of silicon; iron is less than 0.9%; 1-4% of copper; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.3 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and less than 0.35 percent of zinc.
In a preferred embodiment, the squeeze cast aluminum alloy material further includes 0.1% or less lead.
In a preferred embodiment, the squeeze cast aluminum alloy material further includes 0.01% or less tin.
In a preferred embodiment, the squeeze cast aluminum alloy material further includes cadmium at 0.01% or less.
The invention also provides an extrusion casting aluminum alloy material which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8% -12% of silicon; iron is less than 0.9%; 1-4% of copper; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.3 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and less than 0.35 percent of zinc; tin is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and cadmium is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the sum of other impurities is not more than 0.3%; the balance being aluminum.
In a preferred embodiment, the iron is between 0.15% and 0.9%.
In a preferred embodiment, the zinc is 0.05% to 0.35%.
In a preferred embodiment, the silicon is 10% -12%; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of iron; 2% -3% of copper; 0.4 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.4 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and 0.05 to 0.35 percent of zinc.
In a preferred embodiment, the silicon is 10% to 11.5%; 0.1 to 0.3 percent of iron; 2 to 2.9 percent of copper; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of manganese; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of magnesium and 0.05 to 0.1 percent of zinc.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the extrusion casting aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting an aluminum ingot and silicon into a smelting furnace, and heating to melt the aluminum ingot and the silicon into molten metal;
(2) Adding manganese additive, iron additive and copper additive when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 800-880 ℃;
(3) cooling the molten metal to 760-780 ℃;
(4) adding a refining agent for refining, purifying and deslagging;
(5) adding magnesium and melting the magnesium, and then adding a small amount of antimony element additive to modify the magnesium to obtain aluminum liquid;
(6) And casting an aluminum alloy ingot at the aluminum liquid temperature of 740 and 760 ℃.
The extrusion casting aluminum alloy material has good tensile strength, yield strength and hardness after extrusion casting, and can meet the requirements of thick-wall and thin-wall forming at the same time.
After the extrusion casting aluminum alloy of the embodiment of the invention is subjected to T6 heat treatment, various properties of the casting can be greatly improved.
The extrusion casting aluminum alloy material provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for extrusion casting, and has good material formability. Can extrude and cast thick parts and also can meet the requirement of extruding and casting thin-wall parts with the thickness of 0.35-0.5 mm. Is suitable for various mechanical structural parts, communication equipment parts and the like.
Example 1
The raw materials are proportioned according to the weight percentage: silicon, content 11.06%; iron, content 0.165%; copper, content 2.75%; manganese, content 0.475%; 0.494 percent of magnesium, 0.0695 percent of zinc and less than or equal to 0.0021 percent of lead; tin, the content is less than or equal to 0.00058 percent; cadmium, the content is less than or equal to 0.00052 percent; the balance being aluminum.
the alloy is prepared according to the mixture ratio, and the steps are as follows:
putting an aluminum ingot and silicon into a smelting furnace, and heating to melt the aluminum ingot and the silicon into a metal solution, so that the temperature of the metal solution reaches 830 ℃; alloying a manganese element additive, an iron element additive and a copper element additive in the metal solution, cooling the metal solution to 770 ℃ after the manganese element additive, the iron element additive and the copper element additive are completely melted, and then adding a refining agent for refining, purifying and deslagging; adding magnesium and melting, degassing the metal solution by adopting nitrogen, sampling the metal solution to test components, adding an additive containing antimony, and casting an aluminum alloy ingot at the aluminum liquid temperature of 740-760 ℃.
Example 2
The raw materials are proportioned according to the weight percentage: silicon, content 10.87%; iron, content 0.189%; copper, content 2.75%; manganese, content 0.472%; 0.472% of magnesium, 0.0689% of zinc and less than or equal to 0.0026% of lead; tin, the content is less than or equal to 0.00065 percent; cadmium, the content is less than or equal to 0.00060 percent; the balance being aluminum.
The alloy is prepared according to the mixture ratio, and the steps are as follows:
Putting an aluminum ingot and silicon into a smelting furnace, and heating to melt the aluminum ingot and the silicon into a metal solution, so that the temperature of the metal solution reaches 830 ℃; alloying a manganese element additive, an iron element additive and a copper element additive in the metal solution, cooling the metal solution to 770 ℃ after the manganese element additive, the iron element additive and the copper element additive are completely melted, and then adding a refining agent for refining, purifying and deslagging; adding magnesium and melting, degassing the metal solution by adopting nitrogen, sampling the metal solution to test components, adding an additive containing antimony, and casting an aluminum alloy ingot at the aluminum liquid temperature of 740-760 ℃.
Comparative example
Taking the Japanese ADC12 as a comparative example, the main chemical composition standard of the ADC12 is as follows:
1.5 to 3.5 percent of copper (Cu), 9.6 to 12.0 percent of silicon (Si), less than or equal to 0.3 percent of magnesium (Mg), less than or equal to 1.0 percent of zinc (Zn), less than or equal to 1.3 percent of iron (Fe), less than or equal to 0.5 percent of manganese (Mn), less than or equal to 0.3 percent of tin (Sn), less than or equal to 0.1 percent of lead (Pb), less than or equal to 0.005 percent of cadmium (Cd), and the balance of aluminum (Al).
Effects of the embodiment
mechanical Property test
The ADC12 alloys of examples 1, 2 and comparative examples were extrusion cast and tested for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness. Specific data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the squeeze cast aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 and 2 had tensile strengths of > 300MPa, yield strengths of > 200MPa, elongations of > 1.8%, and hardnesses of > 80 HB. The data for tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are all greater than the data for the ADC12 alloy, with hardness comparable to that of the ADC12 alloy. The extrusion casting aluminum alloy can simultaneously meet the forming of thick walls and thin walls, and can replace ADC12 alloy.
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An extrusion casting aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 8% -12% of silicon; iron is less than or equal to 0.9 percent; 1-4% of copper; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.4 to 0.8 percent of magnesium and less than or equal to 0.35 percent of zinc; tin is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and cadmium is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; the sum of other impurities is not more than 0.3%; the balance being aluminum;
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting an aluminum ingot and silicon into a smelting furnace, and heating to melt the aluminum ingot and the silicon into molten metal;
(2) Adding manganese additive, iron additive and copper additive when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 800-880 ℃;
(3) Cooling the molten metal to 760-780 ℃;
(4) Adding a refining agent for refining, purifying and deslagging;
(5) Adding magnesium and melting the magnesium, and then adding a small amount of antimony element additive to modify the magnesium to obtain aluminum liquid;
(6) And casting an aluminum alloy ingot at the aluminum liquid temperature of 740 and 760 ℃.
2. the squeeze cast aluminum alloy material of claim 1, wherein the iron is 0.15% to 0.9%.
3. The squeeze cast aluminum alloy material of claim 1, wherein the zinc is 0.05% to 0.35%.
4. The squeeze cast aluminum alloy material of claim 1, wherein silicon is 10% to 12% by weight; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of iron; 2% -3% of copper; 0.4 to 0.8 percent of manganese; 0.05-0.35% of zinc.
5. The squeeze cast aluminum alloy material of claim 1, wherein silicon is 10% to 11.5% by weight; 0.1 to 0.3 percent of iron; 2 to 2.9 percent of copper; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of manganese; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of magnesium and 0.05 to 0.1 percent of zinc.
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CN108396205B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-09-04 | 广州致远新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
CN112391562B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-09-21 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN113444925B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-11-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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CN101569926A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-04 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Method for casting aluminum piston with insert ring and cooling coil pipe |
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JP4141207B2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2008-08-27 | 株式会社デンソー | High strength aluminum alloy casting and manufacturing method thereof |
US20070246132A1 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-25 | Dasgupta Rathindra | Squeeze cast rear suspension components using ADC12-T4 aluminum alloy |
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Patent Citations (5)
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CN101569926A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-04 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Method for casting aluminum piston with insert ring and cooling coil pipe |
CN102943192A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Aluminum piston manufacturing method |
CN105220032A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-06 | 太仓海嘉车辆配件有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy for high strength and endurance quality support and preparation method thereof |
CN106119625A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 太仓海嘉车辆配件有限公司 | A kind of automobile steering device gear case variator Al-alloy casing and preparation method thereof |
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