CN114807704A - Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 Sc double-heat-resistant-phase Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 Sc double-heat-resistant-phase Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910019021 Mg 2 Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000542 Sc alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910019743 Mg2Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019074 Mg-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019382 Mg—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnesium-containing alloy 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases and the preparation method thereof comprise the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 3.0-9.0wt% of aluminum Al, 3.0-7.0wt% of tin Sn, 0.1-1.0wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal materials and metallurgy, and particularly relates to a Mg-containing alloy 2 Sn and Al 3 A novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Magnesium-aluminum alloy is one of important magnesium alloy systems, has low density and excellent mechanical properties, is a main development object of the current magnesium alloy, such as typical AZ91, AM61 and the like, and has been applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace, sports equipment and the like.
The alloy relies on Mg 17 Al 12 Phase improves the room temperature strength of the alloy, but Mg 17 Al 12 The high temperature resistance of the phase is insufficient (the dissolution temperature is 437 ℃), the strengthening effect is seriously reduced when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃ in the use process, and the Mg-Al alloy is heat-resistantPoor sex severely limits its development.
In order to improve the high temperature resistance of magnesium alloy, Mg-Sn alloy (publication No. CN 201010291241.8; CN 201210334273.0) and Mg-Re alloy (publication No. CN 201711003940.6; CN 201711003938.9) were developed successively, and it was found that these alloy series all contained Mg2Sn phase (dissolution temperature 561 deg.C) and Mg-Re phase (Al-Re phase) with good heat resistance 3 The dissolution temperature of Y phase is 567 ℃, Mg 5 The Gd phase has a dissolution temperature of 548 ℃) or an XMgSn phase which is difficult to dissolve. The higher the solubility of the second phase in the matrix, the more excellent the high-temperature strengthening effect of the alloy.
However, in the prior art, the alloy relies on a single strengthening mechanism, and a perfect material proportion and a proper smelting method are lacked, so that the strength of the Mg-Al alloy is not high enough, and particularly the strength under the high temperature resistant condition can not meet the use requirement. Therefore, how to solve the problem of uniform grain distribution in the smelting process of Mg-Al alloy, fully exert the synergistic effect of a multi-element strengthening mechanism and improve the heat-resistant strength of the alloy becomes a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc based alloy and a method for manufacturing the same, including the following:
containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 3.0 to 9.0 weight percent of aluminum Al, 3.0 to 7.0 weight percent of tin Sn, 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
Specifically, the mass percent of the aluminum Al is 3.12%, 4.04%, 6.1%, 5.03%, 6.81% or 8.99%.
Specifically, the mass percent of the Sn is 3.51%, 3.13%, 3.48%, 5.53%, 5.64% or 6.87%.
Specifically, the scandium Sc is 0.51%, 0.53%, 0.6%, 0.83%, 0.82% or 0.93% by mass.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the composition 1 comprises 3.12wt% of aluminum Al, 3.51wt% of tin Sn, 0.51wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 2 comprises 4.04wt% of aluminum Al, 3.13wt% of tin Sn, 0.53wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 3 comprises 6.1 weight percent of aluminum Al, 3.48 weight percent of tin Sn, 0.6 weight percent of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 4 comprises 5.03wt% of aluminum Al, 5.53wt% of tin Sn, 0.83wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 5 comprises 6.81wt% of aluminum Al, 5.64wt% of tin Sn, 0.82wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 6 comprises 8.99wt% of aluminum Al, 6.87wt% of tin Sn, 0.93wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 The preparation method of the novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: raw material weighing
Preparing raw materials according to the alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise magnesium Mg, tin Sn, aluminum Al and intermediate alloy;
s2: preheating and charging
S2-1, placing the raw material obtained in the step S1 and a casting mold in an environment with the temperature of 300 ℃ for drying and preheating for 30min;
s2-2, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 300 ℃, introducing protective gas into the furnace, and keeping for 15 min;
s2-3, putting the preheated raw materials of magnesium Mg and aluminum Al in the step S2-1 and the intermediate alloy into a metal crucible in a smelting furnace;
s3 smelting
S3-1, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 710-715 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-15 min;
s3-2, adding the raw material Sn preheated in the step S2, simultaneously raising the furnace temperature to 735-750 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5-10 min;
s3-3, adding a magnesium alloy refining agent and a deslagging agent, and simultaneously stirring for the first time;
s3-4, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, stirring for the second time, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the liquid alloy;
s4 casting
Pouring the liquid alloy finally obtained in the step S3-4 into a casting mold preheated in the step S2, wherein the actual temperature of the casting mold is higher than 150 ℃, and obtaining an as-cast alloy;
s5: carrying out solution treatment step by step;
s5: and (5) aging treatment step by step.
Specifically, the step S5 of step-by-step solution treatment comprises
S5-1: 1-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S4 at 400 ℃ and introducing argon into an atmosphere for 4-8 hours to finish homogenization treatment;
s5-2: 2-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-1 at 450 ℃ and introducing argon into a protective gas environment for 12-16 hours to complete primary solution treatment;
s5-3: 3-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-2 at 500 ℃ and introducing argon into a protective gas environment for 2-3 hours to complete all solution treatment;
specifically, the step S6 is a step-by-step aging treatment including:
s6-1, placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-3 in an environment at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for 10-20 hours;
s6-2, the cast alloy is placed in an environment of 200 ℃ at 180 ℃ for 130 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain a fine and uniform Mg2Sn precipitated phase.
Specifically, the master alloy is Mg-6% Sc.
Preferably, the magnesium alloy refining agent is 60% of potassium chloride, 5% of calcium fluoride, 5% of sodium chloride, 15% of calcium chloride and 15% of barium chloride;
the slag removing agent is 40% of potassium chloride, 40% of magnesium chloride, 6% of sodium chloride, 6% of calcium fluoride and 8% of barium chloride.
Specifically, the protective gas introduced into the furnace in the step S2-2 is 99% CO 2 With 1% SF 6 The mixed gas of (1).
The alloy proportion and the smelting mode provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) the Mg-Al alloy is made by introducing Sn and Sc elementsThe alloy structure is uniform, the crystal grains are refined, and Al is formed at the same time 3 Sc (dissolution temperature 569 ℃ C.) and Mg 2 A heat-resistant high-temperature phase of Sn (with a dissolution temperature of 561 ℃) and realizes coexistence of a second phase and a precipitated phase; (2) the strength of the alloy, especially the high temperature resistance strength, is improved through the synergistic effect of aging strengthening, fine grain strengthening and second phase strengthening multi-element strengthening means. The technology of the invention has good popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows a metallographic structure of an Mg-5Al-5.5Sn-0.8Sc alloy;
FIG. 2 shows a precipitated phase transmission structure of Mg-5Al-5.5Sn-0.8Sc alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention claims a novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising the following contents:
containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.0 to 9.0 weight percent of aluminum Al, 3.0 to 7.0 weight percent of tin Sn, 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
Specifically, the mass percent of the aluminum Al is 3.12%, 4.04%, 6.1%, 5.03%, 6.81% or 8.99%.
Specifically, the mass percent of the Sn is 3.51%, 3.13%, 3.48%, 5.53%, 5.64% or 6.87%.
Specifically, the scandium Sc is 0.51%, 0.53%, 0.6%, 0.83%, 0.82% or 0.93% by mass.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the composition 1 comprises 3.12wt% of aluminum Al, 3.51wt% of tin Sn, 0.51wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 2 comprises 4.04wt% of aluminum Al, 3.13wt% of tin Sn, 0.53wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 3 comprises 6.1 weight percent of aluminum Al, 3.48 weight percent of tin Sn, 0.6 weight percent of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 4 comprises 5.03wt% of aluminum Al, 5.53wt% of tin Sn, 0.83wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 5 comprises 6.81wt% of aluminum Al, 5.64wt% of tin Sn, 0.82wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 6 comprises 8.99wt% of aluminum Al, 6.87wt% of tin Sn, 0.93wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 The preparation method of the novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: raw material weighing
Preparing raw materials according to the alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise magnesium Mg, tin Sn, aluminum Al and intermediate alloy;
s2: preheating and charging
S2-1, placing the raw material obtained in the step S1 and a casting mold in an environment with the temperature of 300 ℃ for drying and preheating for 30min;
s2-2, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 300 ℃, introducing protective gas into the furnace, and keeping for 15 min;
s2-3, putting the preheated raw materials of magnesium Mg and aluminum Al in the step S2-1 and the intermediate alloy into a metal crucible in a smelting furnace;
s3 smelting
S3-1, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 710-715 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-15 min;
s3-2, adding the raw material Sn preheated in the step S2, simultaneously raising the furnace temperature to 735-750 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5-10 min;
s3-3, adding a magnesium alloy refining agent and a deslagging agent, and simultaneously stirring for the first time;
s3-4, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, stirring for the second time, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the liquid alloy;
s4 casting
Pouring the liquid alloy finally obtained in the step S3-4 into a casting mold preheated in the step S2, wherein the actual temperature of the casting mold is higher than 150 ℃, and obtaining an as-cast alloy;
s5: carrying out solution treatment step by step;
s5: and (5) aging treatment step by step.
Specifically, the step S5 of step-by-step solution treatment comprises
S5-1: 1-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S4 at 400 ℃ and introducing argon into an atmosphere for 4-8 hours to finish homogenization treatment;
s5-2: 2-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-1 at 450 ℃ and introducing argon into a protective gas environment for 12-16 hours to complete primary solution treatment;
s5-3: 3-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-2 at 500 ℃ and introducing argon into a protective gas environment for 2-3 hours to complete all solution treatment;
specifically, the step S6 is a step-by-step aging treatment including:
s6-1, placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-3 in an environment with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for 10-20 hours;
s6-2, the cast alloy is placed in an environment of 200 ℃ at 180 ℃ for 130 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain fine and uniform Mg 2 Sn precipitates.
Specifically, the master alloy is Mg-6% Sc.
Preferably, the magnesium alloy refining agent is 60% of potassium chloride, 5% of calcium fluoride, 5% of sodium chloride, 15% of calcium chloride and 15% of barium chloride;
the slag removing agent is 40% of potassium chloride, 40% of magnesium chloride, 6% of sodium chloride, 6% of calcium fluoride and 8% of barium chloride.
Specifically, the protective gas introduced into the furnace in the step S2-2 is 99% CO 2 With 1% SF 6 The mixed gas of (1).
To further illustrate the present invention, the present invention provides 6 specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.12 percent of Al, 3.51 percent of Sn, 0.51 percent of Sc, and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
weighing raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Sn and high-purity Al, according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, and drying and preheating the Mg-6% Sc master alloy and a casting mold for 30min at 300 ℃; after the temperature of a smelting furnace is raised to 300 ℃, introducing protective gas (mixed gas of 99% CO2 and 1% SF6 in the protective atmosphere) into the smelting furnace for about 15 minutes, then putting high-purity Mg, high-purity Al and Mg-6% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a metal crucible of the smelting furnace, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 710 ℃, preserving the temperature for 15 minutes, adding pure Sn into an alloy melt after the metal is melted, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 735 ℃, preserving the temperature for 8 minutes, adding a proper amount of magnesium alloy refining agent and covering agent, and carrying out primary stirring; after stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, carrying out second stirring, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the alloy; and pouring the liquid alloy into a metal mold, preheating the metal mold to 300 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. The homogenizing and solution treatment process of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy comprises the steps of preserving heat of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy for 4 hours at 400 ℃, preserving heat for 12 hours at 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ under the protection of Ar gas to finish homogenizing and solution treatment, then cooling the alloy in water to obtain the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy subjected to solution treatment, performing aging treatment on the alloy subjected to solution treatment, and keeping the alloy at 120 ℃ for 20 hours; the alloy was then held at 190 ℃ for 120 hours. The alloy has a tensile strength of 220.3MPa at room temperature and 201.9MPa at 180 ℃.
Example 2:
the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.04 percent of Al, 3.31 percent of Sn, 0.53 percent of Sc, and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
weighing raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Sn and high-purity Al, according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, and drying and preheating the Mg-6% Sc master alloy and a casting mold for 30min at 300 ℃; after the temperature of the smelting furnace is raised to 300 ℃, protective gas (the protective atmosphere is 99 percent CO) is introduced into the smelting furnace 2 +1%SF 6 Mixed gas) for about 15 minutes, then putting the intermediate alloy ingredients of high-purity Mg, high-purity Al and Mg-6% Sc into a metal crucible of a smelting furnace, then heating the furnace to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 15 minutes, adding pure Sn into the alloy melt after the metal is melted, heating the furnace to 740 ℃, preserving the heat for 5 minutes, adding a proper amount of magnesium alloy refining agent and slag removing agent, and carrying out primary stirring; after stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, carrying out second stirring, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the alloy; and pouring the liquid alloy into a metal mold, preheating the metal mold to 300 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. The homogenizing and solution treatment process of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy comprises the steps of preserving heat of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy for 4.5 hours at 400 ℃, preserving heat for 12 hours at 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ under the protection of Ar gas to finish homogenizing and solution treatment, then cooling the alloy in water to obtain the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy subjected to solution treatment, performing step-by-step aging treatment on the alloy subjected to solution treatment, and keeping the alloy at 120 ℃ for 10 hours; the alloy was then placed in an environment at 180 ℃ for 140 hours. The alloy measured a room temperature tensile strength of 227.6MPa and a 180 ℃ tensile strength of 205.1 MPa.
Example 3:
the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.10 percent of Al, 3.48 percent of Sn, 0.60 percent of Sc, and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
weighing raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Sn and high-purity Al, according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, and drying and preheating the Mg-6% Sc master alloy and a casting mold for 30min at 300 ℃; after the temperature of the smelting furnace is raised to 300 ℃, protective gas is introduced into the furnace (protection)Atmosphere of 99% CO 2 +1%SF 6 Mixed gas) for about 15 minutes, then putting the intermediate alloy ingredients of high-purity Mg, high-purity Al and Mg-6% Sc into a metal crucible of a smelting furnace, then heating the furnace to 713 ℃, preserving the heat for 15 minutes, adding pure Sn into the alloy melt after the metal is melted, heating the furnace to 740 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes, adding a proper amount of magnesium alloy refining agent and slag removing agent, and carrying out primary stirring; after stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, carrying out second stirring, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the alloy; and pouring the liquid alloy into a metal mold, preheating the metal mold to 300 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. The homogenizing and solution treatment process of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy comprises the steps of preserving heat of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy for 5 hours at 400 ℃, preserving heat for 14 hours at 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ under the protection of Ar gas to finish homogenizing and solution treatment, then cooling the alloy in water to obtain the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy subjected to solution treatment, performing aging treatment on the alloy subjected to solution treatment, and keeping the alloy at 130 ℃ for 10 hours; the alloy was then held at 190 ℃ for 120 hours. The alloy has a tensile strength of 234.6MPa at room temperature and 214.4MPa at 180 ℃.
Example 4:
the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5.03 percent of Al, 5.53 percent of Sn, 0.83 percent of Sc, and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and uncontrollable impurity elements, wherein the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
weighing raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Sn and high-purity Al, according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, and drying and preheating the Mg-6% Sc master alloy and a casting mold for 30min at 300 ℃; after the temperature of the smelting furnace is raised to 300 ℃, protective gas (the protective atmosphere is 99 percent CO) is introduced into the smelting furnace 2 +1%SF 6 Mixed gas) for about 15 minutes, then putting the intermediate alloy ingredients of high-purity Mg, high-purity Al and Mg-6% Sc into a metal crucible of a smelting furnace, then heating the furnace to 713 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes, adding pure Sn into the alloy melt after the metal is melted, heating the furnace to 740 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes, adding a proper amount of magnesium alloy refining agent and slag removing agent, and carrying out primary stirring; after stirring, the furnace temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, and the second stirring is carried out while the furnace temperature is reducedRemoving waste residues on the surface of the alloy; and pouring the liquid alloy into a metal mold, preheating the metal mold to 300 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. The homogenizing and solution treatment process of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy comprises the steps of preserving heat of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy for 7 hours at 400 ℃, preserving heat for 14 hours at 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours at 500 ℃ under the protection of Ar gas to finish homogenizing and solution treatment, then cooling the alloy in water to obtain the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy subjected to solution treatment, performing step-by-step aging treatment on the alloy subjected to solution treatment, and keeping the alloy at 130 ℃ for 20 hours; the alloy was then placed in an environment at 200 ℃ for 120 hours. The alloy has a tensile strength of 233.6MPa at room temperature and 221.4MPa at 180 ℃.
Example 5:
the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.81% of Al, 5.64% of Sn, 0.82% of Sc and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
weighing raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Sn and high-purity Al, according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, and drying and preheating the Mg-6% Sc master alloy and a casting mold for 30min at 300 ℃; after the temperature of the smelting furnace is raised to 300 ℃, protective gas (the protective atmosphere is 99 percent CO) is introduced into the smelting furnace 2 +1%SF 6 Mixed gas) for about 15 minutes, then putting the intermediate alloy ingredients of high-purity Mg, high-purity Al and Mg-6% Sc into a metal crucible of a smelting furnace, then heating the furnace to 713 ℃, preserving the heat for 15 minutes, adding pure Sn into the alloy melt after the metal is melted, heating the furnace to 745 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes, adding a proper amount of magnesium alloy refining agent and slag removing agent, and carrying out primary stirring; after stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, carrying out second stirring, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the alloy; and pouring the liquid alloy into a metal mold, preheating the metal mold to 300 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. A homogenizing and solution treatment process for an as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy comprises the steps of preserving heat of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy at 400 ℃ for 8 hours, preserving heat at 450 ℃ for 15 hours and preserving heat at 500 ℃ for 2.5 hours under the protection of Ar gas to complete homogenizing and solution treatment, and then cooling the alloy in water to obtain the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy after solution treatmentThe step-by-step aging treatment is carried out, the alloy after the solution treatment is subjected to aging treatment and is kept for 15 hours in the environment of 130 ℃; the alloy was then left to stand at 180 ℃ for 130 hours. The alloy has a tensile strength of 243.9MPa at room temperature and 230.5MPa at 180 ℃.
Example 6:
the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8.99 percent of Al, 6.87 percent of Sn, 0.93 percent of Sc, and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
weighing raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Sn and high-purity Al, according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, and drying and preheating the Mg-6% Sc master alloy and a casting mold for 30min at 300 ℃; after the temperature of the smelting furnace is raised to 300 ℃, protective gas (the protective atmosphere is 99 percent CO) is introduced into the smelting furnace 2 +1%SF 6 Mixed gas) for about 15 minutes, then putting the intermediate alloy ingredients of high-purity Mg, high-purity Al and Mg-6% Sc into a metal crucible of a smelting furnace, then heating the furnace to 713 ℃, preserving the heat for 15 minutes, adding pure Sn into the alloy melt after the metal is melted, heating the furnace to 745 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes, adding a proper amount of magnesium alloy refining agent and slag removing agent, and carrying out primary stirring; after stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, carrying out second stirring, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the alloy; and pouring the liquid alloy into a metal mold, preheating the metal mold to 300 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. The homogenizing and solution treatment process of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy comprises the steps of preserving heat of the as-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy for 8 hours at 400 ℃, preserving heat for 16 hours at 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours at 500 ℃ under the protection of Ar gas to finish homogenizing and solution treatment, then cooling the alloy in water to obtain the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy subjected to solution treatment, performing aging treatment on the alloy subjected to solution treatment, and keeping the alloy at 140 ℃ for 20 hours; the alloy was then left to stand at 200 ℃ for 130 hours. The alloy has a tensile strength of 251.9MPa at room temperature and 240.1MPa at 180 ℃.
In the scheme of the invention, the influence of the content proportioning and the process parameters on the alloy performance is explored and researched in multiple directions, a natural law is found, and one or more combinations can be finally recommended to be put into actual production. Wherein, FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure of Mg-5Al-5.5Sn-0.8Sc alloy, and FIG. 2 is a precipitated phase transmission structure of Mg-5Al-5.5Sn-0.8Sc alloy. As can be seen from the attached drawings and multiple embodiments, the Sn and Sc elements are introduced into the Mg-Al alloy, so that the alloy structure is uniform, the grains are refined, and Al is formed at the same time 3 Sc (dissolution temperature 569 ℃ C.) and Mg 2 And a heat-resistant high-temperature phase of Sn (with a dissolution temperature of 561 ℃) realizes coexistence of a second phase and a precipitated phase. The strength of the alloy is improved, especially the high temperature resistant strength is improved through the synergistic effect of aging strengthening, fine grain strengthening and second phase strengthening multi-element strengthening means.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 3.0 to 9.0 weight percent of aluminum Al, 3.0 to 7.0 weight percent of tin Sn, 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
2. A Mg-containing composition according to claim 1 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized in that: the mass percent of the aluminum Al is 3.12 percent, or 4.04 percent, or 6.1 percent, or 5.03 percent, or 6.81 percent, or 8.99 percent.
3. A Mg-containing composition according to claim 1 2 Sn and Al 3 Sc double heat-resistanceA novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy of phase, characterized in that: the mass percent of the Sn is 3.51 percent or 3.13 percent or 3.48 percent or 5.53 percent or 5.64 percent or 6.87 percent.
4. A Mg-containing composition according to claim 1 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized in that: the scandium Sc is 0.51 percent or 0.53 percent or 0.6 percent or 0.83 percent or 0.82 percent or 0.93 percent by mass.
5. A Mg-containing composition according to claim 1 2 Sn and Al 3 The novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized in that the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the composition 1 comprises 3.12wt% of aluminum Al, 3.51wt% of tin Sn, 0.51wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 2 comprises 4.04wt% of aluminum Al, 3.13wt% of tin Sn, 0.53wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 3 comprises 6.1 weight percent of aluminum Al, 3.48 weight percent of tin Sn, 0.6 weight percent of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 4 comprises 5.03wt% of aluminum Al, 5.53wt% of tin Sn, 0.83wt% of scandium Sc and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 5 comprises 6.81wt% of aluminum Al, 5.64wt% of tin Sn, 0.82wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements;
the composition 6 comprises 8.99wt% of aluminum Al, 6.87wt% of tin Sn, 0.93wt% of scandium Sc, and the balance of magnesium Mg and uncontrollable impurity elements.
6. Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 The preparation method of the novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: raw material weighing
Preparing raw materials according to the alloy proportion in the Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise magnesium Mg, tin Sn, aluminum Al and intermediate alloy;
s2: preheating and charging
S2-1, placing the raw material obtained in the step S1 and a casting mold in an environment with the temperature of 300 ℃ for drying and preheating for 30min;
s2-2, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 300 ℃, introducing protective gas into the furnace, and keeping for 15 min;
s2-3, putting the preheated raw materials of magnesium Mg and aluminum Al in the step S2-1 and the intermediate alloy into a metal crucible in a smelting furnace;
s3 smelting
S3-1, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 710-715 ℃, and preserving the heat for 10-15 min;
s3-2, adding the raw material Sn preheated in the step S2, simultaneously raising the furnace temperature to 735-750 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5-10 min;
s3-3, adding a magnesium alloy refining agent and a deslagging agent, and simultaneously stirring for the first time;
s3-4, reducing the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, stirring for the second time, and removing the waste residues on the surface of the liquid alloy;
s4 casting
Pouring the liquid alloy finally obtained in the step S3-4 into a casting mold preheated in the step S2, wherein the actual temperature of the casting mold is higher than 150 ℃, and obtaining an as-cast alloy;
s5: carrying out solution treatment step by step;
s5: and (5) aging treatment step by step.
7. Mg-containing according to claim 6 2 Sn and Al 3 A preparation method of a novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized in that,
the step S5 of step-by-step solution treatment comprises the following steps:
s5-1: 1-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S4 at 400 ℃ and introducing argon into an atmosphere for 4-8 hours to finish homogenization treatment;
s5-2: 2-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-1 at 450 ℃ and introducing argon into a protective gas environment for 12-16 hours to complete primary solution treatment;
s5-3: 3-stage heat preservation
Placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-2 at 500 ℃ and introducing argon into a protective gas environment for 2-3 hours to complete all solution treatment;
the step S6 of step aging treatment comprises the following steps:
s6-1, placing the as-cast alloy obtained in the step S5-3 in an environment at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for 10-20 hours;
s6-2, the cast alloy is placed in an environment of 200 ℃ at 180 ℃ for 130 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain fine and uniform Mg 2 Sn precipitates.
8. Mg-containing according to claim 7 2 Sn and Al 3 The preparation method of the novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the master alloy is Mg-6% Sc.
9. Mg-containing according to any one of claims 6 to 8 2 The preparation method of the novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sn and Al3Sc dual heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the magnesium alloy refining agent comprises 60% of potassium chloride, 5% of calcium fluoride, 5% of sodium chloride, 15% of calcium chloride and 15% of barium chloride;
the slag removing agent is 40% of potassium chloride, 40% of magnesium chloride, 6% of sodium chloride, 6% of calcium fluoride and 8% of barium chloride.
10. Mg-containing according to claim 9 2 Sn and Al 3 The preparation method of the novel Mg-Al-Sn-Sc alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the protective gas introduced into the furnace in the step S2-2 is 99% CO 2 With 1% SF 6 The mixed gas of (2).
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