WO2007107286A2 - Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics - Google Patents
Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007107286A2 WO2007107286A2 PCT/EP2007/002289 EP2007002289W WO2007107286A2 WO 2007107286 A2 WO2007107286 A2 WO 2007107286A2 EP 2007002289 W EP2007002289 W EP 2007002289W WO 2007107286 A2 WO2007107286 A2 WO 2007107286A2
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- alloy
- magnesium
- alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L31/022—Metals or alloys
Definitions
- the given invention generally relates to magnesium-based alloys and, more definitely, to composition and structure of deformable magnesium-based alloys with the improved combination of strength, deformability and corrosion resistance at a room temperature.
- Magnesium belongs to the group of light metals and, naturally, is attractive as a constructional material. However it has rather low mechanical characteristics connected with limited quantity of slip planes at plastic deformation in h.c.p. (hexagonal close packing) crystalline structure. Besides magnesium has low corrosion resistance in natural conditions because of strong chemical activity.
- a unique way of practical using of magnesium is creation of alloys on its basis. Mechanical and corrosion properties of any metals essentially depend on presence into them of other metal elements, which can generate variety intermetallic connections and the solid solutions that may work various influences upon the specified properties. Agency of alloying elements on properties of magnesium-based alloys is well investigated in binary systems, but in multi-component alloys their aggregate effects can appear complex and in advance unpredictable. Therefore the choice of alloying elements and their proportions in an alloy are the controlling factor.
- the main alloying elements in industrial magnesium alloys are: aluminum, zinc, lithium, yttrium, manganese, zirconium, rare-earth metals (RE) and their combinations.
- Alloy of the invention are supposed to be used mainly in the field of temperatures 0 - 50 0 C and within the practical applications demanding good deformability and improved corrosion resistance. Therefore the previous development in the field of improvement of mechanical and corrosion properties of magnesium alloys will be considered below only under the specified temperature conditions. Data on improvement of strength, creep resistance and corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys at elevated and high temperatures will be considered only partially, though authors are well familiar with them. It is so, because, though the improved strength of such alloys will be kept and at room temperatures, but their plastic characteristics in these conditions can strongly go down.
- magnesium-based alloys can be conditionally divided into several groups, according to prevailing alloying elements. There are groups of Mg-Li, Mg-Al, Mg-Zn and Mg-RE alloys, where RE - rare-earth metals.
- Alloys are also subdivided into classes within the specified groups, according to additional alloying elements.
- ASTM ASTM
- Mg-AI-RE Alloys of type LAE
- AM Mg-Al-Mn
- AZ Mg-Al-Zn
- AE Mg-AI-P3M
- Alloys of type ZK (Mg-Zn-Zr) and alloys ZE (Mg-Zn-P3M) are within Mg-Zn group;
- Mg-Y-Nd-Zr Most known alloys of type WE (Mg-Y-Nd-Zr) are within Mg-RE group.
- Mg-Li eutectic alloys are the most plastic alloys of magnesium (for example, Pat. No. DE 3922593, 1991-01-24).
- binary phase diagram Mg-Li Freeth W. E., Raynor, G. V., J. Inst. Metals 82, 575-80, 1954
- HCP alpha-phase in an alloy at the lithium contents up to 5, 7 %, which is peculiar to pure magnesium.
- the beta-phase having b.c.c. (body-centered cubic) structure, prevails in an alloy.
- the possible quantity of sliding systems and, thus, formability of alloys increases in this case.
- UTS - 104 MPa in U.S. Pat. No. 6,838,049).
- Mg-Li alloys are alloyed in addition for increase of strength and corrosion stability.
- Aluminum and zinc are often added in Mg-Li alloys for increase of strength and corrosion resistance of them.
- the addition of 4 - 10 % of aluminum and up to 2 % zinc leads to an quite good combination of strength and formability of Mg-Li-Al-Zn alloys.
- JP Pat. No. 8-23057B yttrium addition is offered for increase in strength of Mg-Li alloy, but presence of one more active element in an alloy reduces, in addition, corrosion resistance of such alloys.
- a magnesium alloy formed at a room temperature with excellent resistance of corrosion Its composition includes from 8.0 up to 11.0 % of lithium, from 0.1 up to 4.0 % of zinc, from 0.1 up to 4.5 % of barium, from 0.1 up to 0.5 % Al, and from 0.1 up to 2.5 % Ln (a total sum of one or more lanthanides) and from 0.1 up to 1.2 % Ca with the balance, which is being Mg and inevitable impurity.
- Ba forms an intermetallic compound (Mg. sub.17 Ba.sub.2) with Mg. Because Mg. sub.17 Ba.sub.2 precipitates at a temperature of 634.degree. C.
- barium has b.c.c. lattice, but it has a low solubility in Mg and formed intermetallic, which reduce an initial plastic characteristics of Mg-Li alloys.
- Alloy contains up to 40 % Li and one more additive from the following: up to 10 % Al, up to 4 % Zn, up to 4 % Y, up to 4 % Ag and up to 4 % RE.
- the specified alloy includes: approximately 7-12 % of lithium; approximately 2-7 % of aluminum; approximately 0.4-2 % RE; approximately up to 2 % of zinc; and approximately up to 1 % of manganese, balance magnesium and impurity. Purity of magnesium taken for a basis of an alloy is 99.99 %.
- Authors ranked yttrium and scandium also to group of rare earth metal. Though they have an identical structure of external electronic shells of atoms with metals of RE group and similarity of some chemical properties, but they sheii be distinguished from RE 1 according to Standard ASTM, in their differing characteristics for alloys.
- JP Pat. No. 2000 282165 Mg-Li alloy with the improved corrosion resistance is offered.
- Mg-Al alloys (classes AM, AZ and AE) are the most widespread in practice group of magnesium alloys. However, though they also show the better corrosion resistance and higher strength, than Mg-Li alloys, but they are much less plastic properties.
- the alloy which includes magnesium as a main component, boron of 0.005 % or more, manganese of 0.03 to 1 %, and substantially no zirconium or titanium is offered.
- This magnesium alloy may further include aluminum of 1 to 30 % Al and/or zinc of 0.1 to 20 %. Because of appropriate amounts of boron and manganese contained in the magnesium alloy, the grain of the magnesium alloy is refined.
- Heat resistant magnesium alloy for casting witch includes 6-12 % of aluminum, 0.05-4 % of calcium, 0.5-4 % of rare earth elements, 0.05-0.50 % of manganese, 0.1-14 % of tin, balance are magnesium and inevitable impurities. Data about plastic characteristics of an alloy at room temperatures are not resulted.
- Mg-Zn alloys are the most known: alloys of class ZK (magnesium-zinc- zirconium), having good durability and plasticity at a room temperature; alloys of class ZE (magnesium-zinc-RE), having average durability; alloys of class ZH (magnesium-zinc-thorium), having high room-temperature yield strength in aged condition (T5).
- the magnesium alloys, containing thorium, are not made now, because of their weak radio-activity.
- a magnesium base alloy for high pressure die casting comprises: at least 91 % of magnesium; 0.1 to 2 % of zinc; 2.1 to 5 % of a rare earth metal component; 0 to 1 % of calcium.
- Alloys of type WE are the most known among alloys Mg with RE. These alloys possess quite good formability and the increased corrosion resistance. According to the specification of the manufacturer (Magnesium Elektron Ltd., Manchester, England) elongation of alloy ELEKTRON WE43 CASTINGS can achieve 17 % at a room temperature, and corrosion ratio is equal 0.1-0.2 mg ⁇ cm 2 ⁇ day (ASTM B117 salt spray test) or 0.1 mg ⁇ cm 2 ⁇ day (sea water immersion test).
- Mg-RE alloys composition are offered for increase of its operating ability.
- U.S. Pat. No. 2004-07-27 6,767,506 it is offered "High temperature resistant magnesium alloys", containing at least 92 % magnesium, 2.7 to 3.3 % neodymium, 0.0 to 2.6 % yttrium, 0.2 to 0.8 % zirconium, 0.2 to 0.8 % zinc, 0.03 to 0.25 % calcium, and 0.00 to 0.001 % beryllium.
- the alloy may additionally contain up to 0.007 iron, up to 0.002 % nickel, up to 0.003 % copper and up to 0.01 silicon and incidental impurities.
- Tests for corrosion behavior were carried out by the special technique: in a stream of 0.9 % water solution of sodium chloride. Speed of stream was 50 m ⁇ min. Corrosion ratio was determined on loss of sample's weight and through quantity of magnesium, passed into a solution washing specimen. The data of measurements were averaged. Such testing scheme allows continuously washing off products of corrosion from sample's surface which, for example, deform results of corrosion ratio studying by a method of measurement of sample's weight loss.
- Table 1 shows that various magnesium alloys have different combinations of mechanical and corrosion characteristics. One has higher strength, others are less strength, but are more deformable. However, for responsible applications, it is desirable to combine high strength and high plasticity with preservation of sufficient level of corrosion resistance.
- the purpose of the present invention is creation of new magnesium-based alloy having improved (in comparison with existing) combination of strength and plasticity at preservation of low corrosion ratio, peculiar to alloys of WE- and AZ- types. For example, it is desirable to create an alloy having yield stress (YS) more 200 MPa, tensile strength about 300 MPa and more, elongation more than 22 % and corrosion ratio about of 0.1 mg ⁇ cm 2 ⁇ day (sea water immersion test) at a room temperature.
- yield stress Yield stress
- the magnesium taken as a basis of an alloy should have high purity.
- the total contents of impurities should no be more than 0.005 %, without taking into account contents of Fe, Ni and Cu.
- the alloy should contain alloying elements in the quantities, which are not essentially exceeding their solubility in solid magnesium, according to known binary phase diagrams.
- the alloy of invention should not contain, in appreciable quantities, the elements that affect adverse influence on human's or animal's organism (Zn, Th, Sr, Cd, Al, etc).
- the specified grain structure may be created by processing of an initial ingot or preliminary extruded slab with application of developed by authors method of programmed intensive plastic deformation in a combination with programmed heat treatment [Physitcheskoe metallovedenie beryllium, I. Papirov, G. Tikhinsky, 1968, Atomizdat, Moscow, in Russian]. Methods of pressure processing of preform should be applied for this purpose, which will be providing prevalence of torsional or shear stresses in a handled material. On the basis of the aforesaid authors have chosen following alloying elements for magnesium-based alloy as the preferred embodiment(s) of the given invention.
- Scandium has a limit of solubility in solid magnesium about 29 %. According to laboratory findings of authors, addition of scandium into magnesium within the limits of up to 8 % provides creation of solid solution Mg-Sc that increases its plasticity and strength. In the interval of scandium concentration from 3 up to 8 % corrosion ratio of Mg-Sc alloy in water solution of sodium chloride increases slightly. Precipitation of Mg-Sc phase is possible during high-temperature processing of magnesium alloys with the big contents of scandium.
- Yttrium has the limit of solubility in magnesium about 2 % at room temperature. Addition up to 3 % of yttrium into magnesium increases strength of an alloy without essential reduction in its plasticity and corrosion resistance.
- Zirconium as is well-known, is a basic element, which crushes grain size in magnesium alloys during an ingot production. The fine-grained ingot is easier exposed to preliminary and subsequent deformation.
- magnesium-based alloy having the improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics at room temperature.
- Alloy consists essentially of: magnesium base with purity not less 99. 995 %, scandium from 1 up to 10 %, preferable 2.5-6 %, yttrium from 0.1 up to 3 %, preferable 2-2.5 %, rare earth from 1 up to 3 %, zirconium from 0.1 up to 0.5 %, preferable 0.3-0.4 %.
- Contents Fe, Ni and Cu do not exceed 0.001 % of everyone, the total contents of incidental elements and impurities do not exceed 0.005 %.
- Alloy of the specified composition is received by direct fusion of magnesium with preliminary prepared master alloy from the specified alloying elements in high-frequency induction furnace in atmosphere of high purity argon and in high purity graphite crucible. Melt is poured out in cooled steel mold with a special daubing by a method of bottom teem.
- the prepared ingot further is subjected to pressure treatment by the developed by authors method of programmed intensive plastic deformation (for example, by different-channel angular extrusion) at temperatures 250-350 0 C in combination with programmed heat treatment.
- preform is subjected to an annealing at temperature 270-320 0 C.
- Preform prepared by the above-stated method further is subjected to usual industrial schemes reception of sheets, rods, wire, tubes, etc. for produce final products.
- the alloy material is well qualified for stents.
- the alloy material has the capability of a desired deformation regarding to a specific application.
- the grain size is adjustable for tuning the strength characteristics.
- Alloy consists essentially of: magnesium with purity of 99.997 % with addition of 4.2 % scandium, 2.4 % yttrium, 3.0 % the rare earth, 0.4 % zirconium. Contents Fe, Ni and Cu were not exceed 0, 001 % of everyone, the contents of incidental elements and impurities do not exceed 0,005 %.
- the alloy was received by direct fusion of magnesium with preliminary prepared master alloy from the specified elements in high-frequency induction furnace in an atmosphere of high purity argon and in high purity graphite crucible.
- alloy was stood in crucible at temperature 720 0 C within 30 minutes and then was poured out in cooled steel mold with a special daubing by a method of bottom teem.
- the received ingot (diameter of 50 mm) was extruded at temperature 340 0 C with an extrusion ratio of 3:1.
- the received semi-finished product has been subjected to deformation by different-channel angular extrusion at temperature 320 0 C, number of cycles of extrusion - 12, with intermediate annealing at temperature 275 0 C through 2 - 3 cycles (at achievement of micro-hardness H ⁇ of 110 kg/mm 2 ).
- Samples have been cut out from the received extrudate for tensile test at room temperature and tests for corrosion behavior (in a stream of 0.9 % water solution of sodium chloride. Speed of stream was 50 m ⁇ min).
- Corrosion ratio (it is obtained by measurement of weight loss of specimens and quantitative definition of the magnesium, which has passed in a solution, through the fixed time intervals) - 2.1 mg/cm 2 /day.
- the ingot on the basis of magnesium with purity of 99.995 %, with addition of 10.0 % scandium, 1.4 % yttrium, 2.0 % of rare earth (mainly - gadolinium) and 0.5 % zirconium was received by the method specified in an example 1.
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Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA2646089A CA2646089C (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2007-03-15 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
BRPI0708993-7A BRPI0708993B1 (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2007-03-15 | Magnesium based alloy with enhanced combination of mechanical and corrosive characteristics |
AU2007229051A AU2007229051B2 (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2007-03-15 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
US12/293,498 US8815148B2 (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2007-03-15 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
CN2007800096500A CN101528960B (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2007-03-15 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
JP2009500744A JP5226660B2 (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2007-03-15 | Magnesium-based alloy with an excellent combination of mechanical and corrosion properties |
IL193569A IL193569A (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2008-08-20 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP06005592.8 | 2006-03-18 | ||
EP06005592A EP1835042A1 (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2006-03-18 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
EP06008368.0 | 2006-04-23 | ||
EP06008368A EP1835043B1 (en) | 2006-03-18 | 2006-04-23 | Magnesium-based alloy with improved combination of mechanical and corrosion characteristics |
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WO2007107286A2 true WO2007107286A2 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
WO2007107286A3 WO2007107286A3 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2213314A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | Biotronik VI Patent AG | Implant with a base body of a biocorrodible magnesium alloy |
EP2224032A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-09-01 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Process for manufacturing magnesium alloy based products |
WO2010118193A2 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Bioerodible, implantable medical devices incorporating supersaturated magnesium alloys |
CN113913634A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 中北大学 | Method for preparing high-strength Sc-containing cast magnesium-gadolinium alloy |
CN114807704A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-29 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 Sc double-heat-resistant-phase Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy and preparation method thereof |
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DE10253634A1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-27 | Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co. Ingenieurbüro Berlin | endoprosthesis |
US20060020289A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | Biotronik Vi Patent Ag | Biocompatible and bioabsorbable suture and clip material for surgical purposes |
EP1632255A2 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-08 | Biotronik V1 Patent AG | Endoprosthesis made of a magnesium alloy |
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2007
- 2007-03-15 WO PCT/EP2007/002289 patent/WO2007107286A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
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DE10253634A1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-27 | Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co. Ingenieurbüro Berlin | endoprosthesis |
US20060020289A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | Biotronik Vi Patent Ag | Biocompatible and bioabsorbable suture and clip material for surgical purposes |
EP1632255A2 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-08 | Biotronik V1 Patent AG | Endoprosthesis made of a magnesium alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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B. SMOLA, I. STULIKOVA, F. VON BUCH, B.L. MORDIKE: "Structural aspects of high performance Mg alloy design" MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, vol. A324, 2002, pages 113-117, XP002382002 * |
B.L. MORDIKE: "Creep-resistant magnesium alloys" MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, vol. A324, 2002, pages 103-112, XP002382001 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2213314A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | Biotronik VI Patent AG | Implant with a base body of a biocorrodible magnesium alloy |
US8268235B2 (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2012-09-18 | Biotronik Vi Patent Ag | Implant with a base body of a biocorrodible magnesium alloy |
EP2224032A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-09-01 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Process for manufacturing magnesium alloy based products |
WO2010118193A2 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Bioerodible, implantable medical devices incorporating supersaturated magnesium alloys |
WO2010118193A3 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2011-03-31 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Bioerodible, implantable medical devices incorporating supersaturated magnesium alloys |
CN102438669A (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2012-05-02 | 波士顿科学医学有限公司 | Bioerodible, implantable medical devices incorporating supersaturated magnesium alloys |
CN113913634A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 中北大学 | Method for preparing high-strength Sc-containing cast magnesium-gadolinium alloy |
CN114807704A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-29 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Containing Mg 2 Sn and Al 3 Sc double-heat-resistant-phase Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN114807704B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-07-25 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Mg-containing 2 Sn and Al 3 Mg-Al-Sn-Sc series alloy with Sc double heat-resistant phases and preparation method thereof |
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