CN115961187B - Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910000542 Sc alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention provides a Bi-containing small deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.2-0.5wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.5-1.0wt%, magnesium (Mg) 1.0-5.0wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities for the rest. Bi and Sc elements are added into the Al-Mg alloy, and solid solution, small deformation rolling treatment and aging treatment are utilized, so that the strength and heat resistance of the alloy are obviously improved, and the industry is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nonferrous metal materials and metallurgy, and particularly relates to a high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The magnesium aluminum alloy is used as one of important magnesium alloy systems, has low density and excellent mechanical properties, is a main development object of the magnesium alloy at present, such as typical AZ91, AM61 and the like, and is already applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace, sports equipment and the like.
However, in the preparation process of the magnesium-aluminum alloy, due to the lack of reasonable material proportion and a suitable smelting method, the strength and heat resistance of the alloy cannot be improved well all the time and cannot meet the use requirements of higher fields, so how to provide the high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy and the corresponding preparation method process thereof, and the heat resistance and high strength performance of the alloy are improved, and the technical problem to be solved urgently by the technicians in the field is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:
a high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.2-0.5wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.5-1.0wt%, magnesium (Mg) 1.0-5.0wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities for the rest.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.2wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.32wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.0wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.25wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.45wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.2wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.30wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.60wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.35wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.35wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.75wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.69wt%, and the balance aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.40wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.90wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.98wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.50wt%, scandium (Sc) 1.05wt%, magnesium (Mg) 5.23wt%, and aluminum (Al) the remainder as trace impurities.
A preparation method of a high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following steps:
S1 preparation of raw materials
S1-1, weighing bismuth (Bi), scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) according to weight percentage, and simultaneously putting the materials into a crucible;
S1-2, scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) are simultaneously put into a crucible;
S2 preheating and charging
S2-1, raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 200-250 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 minutes;
s2-2, placing the crucible with the raw materials in the S1 into a preheated intermediate frequency smelting furnace;
S3 smelting
S3-1, adjusting the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 690-720 ℃, and keeping for 5-10 minutes;
Adding bismuth (Bi) obtained in the step S1-1 into a S3-2 crucible, increasing the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 750 ℃, keeping for 10-20min, and stirring at the same time to fully react;
s3-3, cooling to 700 ℃, and keeping for 5min;
s3-4, adding a slag remover, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution;
S4 casting
S4-1, preheating a casting die, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min;
S4-2, pouring the liquid solution obtained in the step S3-4 into the preheated casting mould in the step S4-1;
s5 step solid solution
S6 rolling
S7 aging treatment
Specifically, the step S5 is carried out in a muffle furnace, comprising
S5-1, wherein the temperature is 300 ℃, and the holding time is 8 hours;
s5-2, maintaining the temperature at 450 ℃ for 3 hours;
the rolling process of the step S6 comprises the following steps:
S6-1, maintaining the alloy temperature of the rolled sample at 400 ℃ for 15min
S6-2, rolling twice at the temperature of 180 ℃ at the rolling ratio of 90%;
the aging treatment in the step S7 is carried out in a muffle furnace, the set temperature of the muffle furnace is 160-180 ℃, and the holding time is 6-10h.
The alloy proportion and smelting mode provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: through adding Bi and Sc elements into the Al-Mg alloy and simultaneously utilizing solid solution, small deformation rolling treatment and aging treatment, the addition of the Sc and Bi elements can refine grains (which part in the process steps is shown in the steps (2 and 3 steps in the process), the addition of Bi and Sc can lead the alloy structure to be tiny and compact), and the effect of fine grain strengthening is achieved; then solid solution-aging treatment is carried out to precipitate a tiny Al12Mg17 precipitated phase in a structure, a 10% small deformation rolling process is introduced, and the precipitation behavior of the Al12Mg17 phase is further induced through the deformation treatment, so that the strength and the heat resistance of the alloy are obviously improved, the industry is higher, an Al-Mg alloy system is perfected, and the technology has good popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure of an Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.2-0.5wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.5-1.0wt%, magnesium (Mg) 1.0-5.0wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities for the rest.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.2wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.32wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.0wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.25wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.45wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.2wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.30wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.60wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.35wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.35wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.75wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.69wt%, and the balance aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.40wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.90wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.98wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
Specifically, the alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.50wt%, scandium (Sc) 1.05wt%, magnesium (Mg) 5.23wt%, and aluminum (Al) the remainder as trace impurities.
A preparation method of a high-strength heat-resistant Bi-containing small-deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following steps:
S1 preparation of raw materials
S1-1, weighing bismuth (Bi), scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) according to weight percentage, and simultaneously putting the materials into a crucible;
S1-2, scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) are simultaneously put into a crucible;
S2 preheating and charging
S2-1, raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 200-250 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 minutes;
s2-2, placing the crucible with the raw materials in the S1 into a preheated intermediate frequency smelting furnace;
S3 smelting
S3-1, adjusting the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 690-720 ℃, and keeping for 5-10 minutes;
Adding bismuth (Bi) obtained in the step S1-1 into a S3-2 crucible, increasing the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 750 ℃, keeping for 10-20min, stirring simultaneously to enable the bismuth (Bi) to fully react, wherein the melting point of the bismuth (Bi) is 271.3 ℃, and if the bismuth (Bi) is added in advance, volatilization can be caused, so that the subsequent alloy component ratio is imaged;
s3-3, cooling to 700 ℃, and keeping for 5min;
s3-4, adding a slag remover, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution;
S4 casting
S4-1, preheating a casting die, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min;
S4-2, pouring the liquid solution obtained in the step S3-4 into the preheated casting mould in the step S4-1;
S5 step solid solution strengthening
S6 rolling
S7 aging treatment
Specifically, the step S5 of the step solid solution strengthening is performed in a muffle furnace, which comprises
S5-1, wherein the temperature is 300 ℃, and the holding time is 8 hours;
s5-2, maintaining the temperature at 450 ℃ for 3 hours;
When solute atoms dissolve in the solvent crystal, the crystal lattice of the solvent will be distorted and the lattice constant will change. The difference of atomic sizes is large, the distortion is increased due to different chemical properties, and as a result, the strength, hardness and resistance of the alloy are increased, and the plasticity and toughness are reduced. The more solute atoms dissolved, the greater the lattice distortion caused. The strength and hardness of the base metal (solvent) are increased due to the dissolution of solute atoms, and the solid solution strengthening process can be completed more easily by using a muffle furnace.
The rolling process of the step S6 comprises the following steps:
S6-1, maintaining the alloy temperature of the rolled sample at 400 ℃ for 15min
S6-2, rolling twice at the temperature of 180 ℃ at the rolling ratio of 90%;
90% of the sample after the first rolling is completed, and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is completed, namely the sample size is reduced by 10% after each rolling;
The rolling can destroy the casting structure of the metal, refine the crystal grains of the metal and eliminate the defects of the microstructure, thereby compacting the steel structure and improving the mechanical property. This improvement is mainly manifested in the rolling direction so that the metal is no longer isotropic to some extent; bubbles, cracks and looseness formed during casting can also be welded under the action of high temperature and pressure. 10% belongs to small deformation, aims to induce precipitation through rolling, and has the advantages that the small deformation is beneficial to producing large-size alloy parts, the cost is low, the equipment requirement is low, the strength can be better if the rolling is changed into large-scale rolling, but the strength can be limited to the size, and the large-scale rolling is not beneficial to the production of large-size metal parts, so the rolling process in the technical scheme is more recommended.
The aging treatment in the step S7 is carried out in a muffle furnace, the set temperature of the muffle furnace is 160-180 ℃, and the holding time is 6-10h
The finally produced alloy sample is cut into three-dimensional cubes of 10 x 10mm, 9 test points are selected on the surface of the three-dimensional cubes, the three-dimensional cubes are measured by a microhardness meter, the average value is calculated, and the highest average hardness is 120HV.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following 6 specific examples:
Examples
The alloy component ingredients are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 4.00% of Mg,0.32% of Sc,0.20% of Bi, and the balance of aluminum (Al) and uncontrollable impurity elements, wherein the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
Raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi and high-purity Al, are weighed according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Al-Mg-Sc-Bi series alloy, and the Al-2 percent Sc intermediate alloy and a casting die are dried and preheated for 10 minutes at 220 ℃; then, adding high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi, high-purity Al and Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a graphite crucible of a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 10 minutes, adding the pure Bi into alloy melt after metal is melted, heating the furnace to 730 ℃, preserving heat for 10 minutes and stirring; finally, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, adding a deslagging agent, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution; and pouring the liquid alloy into a graphite mould, preheating the mould to 100 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. Homogenizing and solution treating the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy, wherein the alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 8 hours and 450 ℃ for 3 hours, homogenizing and solution treating are completed, and then the alloy is cooled in water. Placing the obtained Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy sample after solid solution in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, taking out and rolling (roll 180 ℃), wherein the rolling ratio (90% of the sample after the first rolling is finished and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is finished), namely the sample size after each rolling is reduced by 10%; finally, aging treatment is carried out, and the mixture is kept for 6 hours in an environment of 180 ℃. The Vickers hardness of the alloy was measured to be 97.2HV.
Examples
The alloy component ingredients are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 4.20% of Mg,0.45% of Sc,0.25% of Bi, and the balance of aluminum (Al) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
Raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi and high-purity Al, are weighed according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Al-Mg-Sc-Bi series alloy, and the Al-2 percent Sc intermediate alloy and a casting die are dried and preheated for 10 minutes at 220 ℃; then, adding high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi, high-purity Al and Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a graphite crucible of a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 10 minutes, adding the pure Bi into alloy melt after metal is melted, heating the furnace to 730 ℃, preserving heat for 10 minutes and stirring; finally, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, adding a deslagging agent, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution; and pouring the liquid alloy into a graphite mould, preheating the mould to 100 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. Homogenizing and solution treating the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy, wherein the alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 8 hours and 450 ℃ for 3 hours, homogenizing and solution treating are completed, and then the alloy is cooled in water. Placing the obtained Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy sample after solid solution in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, taking out and rolling (roll 180 ℃), wherein the rolling ratio (90% of the sample after the first rolling is finished and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is finished), namely the sample size after each rolling is reduced by 10%; finally, aging treatment is carried out, and the mixture is kept for 6 hours in an environment of 180 ℃. The Vickers hardness of the alloy was measured to be 110.2HV.
Examples
The alloy component ingredients are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 4.35% of Mg,0.60% of Sc,0.30% of Bi, and the balance of aluminum (Al) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
Raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi and high-purity Al, are weighed according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Al-Mg-Sc-Bi series alloy, and the Al-2 percent Sc intermediate alloy and a casting die are dried and preheated for 10 minutes at 220 ℃; then, adding high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi, high-purity Al and Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a graphite crucible of a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 710 ℃, preserving heat for 10 minutes, adding the pure Bi into alloy melt after metal is melted, heating the furnace to 740 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes and stirring; finally, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, adding a deslagging agent, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution; and pouring the liquid alloy into a graphite mould, preheating the mould to 150 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. Homogenizing and solution treating the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy, wherein the alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 8 hours and 450 ℃ for 3 hours, homogenizing and solution treating are completed, and then the alloy is cooled in water. Placing the obtained Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy sample after solid solution in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, taking out and rolling (roll 180 ℃), wherein the rolling ratio (90% of the sample after the first rolling is finished and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is finished), namely the sample size after each rolling is reduced by 10%; finally, aging treatment is carried out, and the mixture is kept for 6 hours at the temperature of 190 ℃. The Vickers hardness of the alloy was measured to be 107.6HV.
Examples
The alloy component ingredients are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 4.69% of Mg,0.75% of Sc,0.35% of Bi, and the balance of aluminum (Al) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
Raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi and high-purity Al, are weighed according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Al-Mg-Sc-Bi series alloy, and the Al-2 percent Sc intermediate alloy and a casting die are dried and preheated for 10 minutes at 245 ℃; then, adding high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi, high-purity Al and Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a graphite crucible of a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 710 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes, adding the pure Bi into alloy melt after metal is melted, heating the furnace to 740 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes and stirring; finally, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, adding a deslagging agent, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution; and pouring the liquid alloy into a graphite mould, preheating the mould to 150 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. Homogenizing and solution treating the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy, wherein the alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 8 hours and 450 ℃ for 3 hours, homogenizing and solution treating are completed, and then the alloy is cooled in water. Placing the obtained Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy sample after solid solution in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, taking out and rolling (roll 180 ℃), wherein the rolling ratio (90% of the sample after the first rolling is finished and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is finished), namely the sample size after each rolling is reduced by 10%; finally, aging treatment is carried out, and the mixture is kept for 6 hours at the temperature of 190 ℃. The Vickers hardness of the alloy was measured to be 112.6HV.
Examples
The alloy component ingredients are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 4.98% of Mg,0.90% of Sc,0.40% of Bi, and the balance of aluminum (Al) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
Raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi and high-purity Al, are weighed according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Al-Mg-Sc-Bi series alloy, and the Al-2 percent Sc intermediate alloy and a casting die are dried and preheated for 10 minutes at 245 ℃; then, adding high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi, high-purity Al and Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a graphite crucible of a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes, adding the pure Bi into alloy melt after metal is melted, heating the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes and stirring; finally, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, adding a deslagging agent, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution; and pouring the liquid alloy into a graphite mould, preheating the mould to 150 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. Homogenizing and solution treating the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy, wherein the alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 8 hours and 450 ℃ for 3 hours, homogenizing and solution treating are completed, and then the alloy is cooled in water. Placing the obtained Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy sample after solid solution in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, taking out and rolling (roll 180 ℃), wherein the rolling ratio (90% of the sample after the first rolling is finished and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is finished), namely the sample size after each rolling is reduced by 10%; finally, aging treatment is carried out, and the mixture is kept for 6 hours at 200 ℃. The Vickers hardness of the alloy was measured to be 119.9HV.
Examples
The alloy component ingredients are prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 5.23% of Mg,1.05% of Sc,0.50% of Bi, and the balance of aluminum (Al) and uncontrollable impurity elements, and the alloy smelting and performance testing operations are as follows:
Raw materials, namely high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi and high-purity Al, are weighed according to the corresponding alloy proportion in the Al-Mg-Sc-Bi series alloy, and the Al-2 percent Sc intermediate alloy and a casting die are dried and preheated for 10 minutes at 245 ℃; then, adding high-purity Mg, high-purity Bi, high-purity Al and Al-2% Sc intermediate alloy ingredients into a graphite crucible of a smelting furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes, adding the pure Bi into alloy melt after metal is melted, heating the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving heat for 15 minutes and stirring; finally, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, adding a deslagging agent, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution; and pouring the liquid alloy into a graphite mould, preheating the mould to 150 ℃, and naturally cooling after casting to obtain the as-cast alloy. Homogenizing and solution treating the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy, wherein the alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 8 hours and 450 ℃ for 3 hours, homogenizing and solution treating are completed, and then the alloy is cooled in water. Placing the obtained Al-Mg-Sc-Bi alloy sample after solid solution in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, taking out and rolling (roll 180 ℃), wherein the rolling ratio (90% of the sample after the first rolling is finished and 90% of the sample after the second rolling is finished), namely the sample size after each rolling is reduced by 10%; finally, aging treatment is carried out, and the mixture is kept for 6 hours at 200 ℃. The Vickers hardness of the alloy was measured to be 128.5HV.
The following table is summarized for the process parameters in the above examples:
in the scheme of the invention, the influence of the content proportioning angle and the two angles of the technological parameters on the alloy performance is analyzed, the natural law is found out, and the conclusion can finally recommend one or a combination of a plurality of types. FIG. 1 shows the metallographic structure of an Al-6.23Mg-4.31Sc-1.07Bi alloy.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The Bi-containing small deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy is characterized by comprising the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.5 weight percent of bismuth (Bi), 0.5 to 1.0 weight percent of scandium (Sc), 1.0 to 5.0 weight percent of magnesium (Mg), and the balance of aluminum (Al) and trace impurities;
The preparation method of the Bi-containing small deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following steps:
S1 preparation of raw materials
S1-1, weighing bismuth (Bi), scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) according to weight percentage, and simultaneously putting the materials into a crucible;
S1-2, scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) are simultaneously put into a crucible;
S2 preheating and charging
S2-1, raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 200-250 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 minutes;
s2-2, placing the crucible with the raw materials in the S1 into a preheated intermediate frequency smelting furnace;
S3 smelting
S3-1, adjusting the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 690-720 ℃, and keeping for 5-10 minutes;
adding bismuth (Bi) obtained in the step S1-1 into a S3-2 crucible, increasing the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 750 ℃, keeping for 10-20min, stirring, and fully reacting to fully react;
s3-3, cooling to 700 ℃, and keeping for 5min;
s3-4, adding a slag remover, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution;
S4 casting
S4-1, preheating a casting die, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min;
S4-2, pouring the liquid solution obtained in the step S3-4 into the preheated casting mould in the step S4-1;
s5 step solid solution
The solution is carried out in a muffle furnace, which comprises
S5-1, wherein the temperature is 300 ℃, and the holding time is 8 hours;
s5-2, maintaining the temperature at 450 ℃ for 3 hours;
s6 rolling
S6-1, maintaining the alloy temperature of the rolled sample at 400 ℃ for 15min
S6-2, rolling twice at the temperature of 180 ℃ at the rolling ratio of 90%;
S7 aging treatment
The aging treatment is carried out in a muffle furnace, the set temperature of the muffle furnace is 160-180 ℃, and the holding time is 6-10h.
2. The Bi-containing small deformation aged Al-Mg-Sc alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following alloy components in weight percent: bismuth (Bi) 0.2wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.32wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.0wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
3. The Bi-containing small deformation aged Al-Mg-Sc alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following alloy components in weight percent: bismuth (Bi) 0.25wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.45wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.2wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
4. The Bi-containing small deformation aged Al-Mg-Sc alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following alloy components in weight percent: bismuth (Bi) 0.30wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.60wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.35wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
5. The Bi-containing small deformation aged Al-Mg-Sc alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following alloy components in weight percent: bismuth (Bi) 0.35wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.75wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.69wt%, and the balance aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
6. The Bi-containing small deformation aged Al-Mg-Sc alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following alloy components in weight percent: bismuth (Bi) 0.40wt%, scandium (Sc) 0.90wt%, magnesium (Mg) 4.98wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities.
7. The Bi-containing small deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy is characterized by comprising the following alloy components in percentage by weight: bismuth (Bi) 0.50wt%, scandium (Sc) 1.05wt%, magnesium (Mg) 5.23wt%, and aluminum (Al) and trace impurities for the rest;
The preparation method of the Bi-containing small deformation aging Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following steps:
S1 preparation of raw materials
S1-1, weighing bismuth (Bi), scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) according to weight percentage, and simultaneously putting the materials into a crucible;
S1-2, scandium (Sc), magnesium (Mg) and aluminum (Al) are simultaneously put into a crucible;
S2 preheating and charging
S2-1, raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 200-250 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 minutes;
s2-2, placing the crucible with the raw materials in the S1 into a preheated intermediate frequency smelting furnace;
S3 smelting
S3-1, adjusting the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 690-720 ℃, and keeping for 5-10 minutes;
adding bismuth (Bi) obtained in the step S1-1 into a S3-2 crucible, increasing the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 750 ℃, keeping for 10-20min, stirring, and fully reacting to fully react;
s3-3, cooling to 700 ℃, and keeping for 5min;
s3-4, adding a slag remover, stirring, and removing waste residues on the liquid solution;
S4 casting
S4-1, preheating a casting die, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min;
S4-2, pouring the liquid solution obtained in the step S3-4 into the preheated casting mould in the step S4-1;
s5 step solid solution
The solution is carried out in a muffle furnace, which comprises
S5-1, wherein the temperature is 300 ℃, and the holding time is 8 hours;
s5-2, maintaining the temperature at 450 ℃ for 3 hours;
s6 rolling
S6-1, maintaining the alloy temperature of the rolled sample at 400 ℃ for 15min
S6-2, rolling twice at the temperature of 180 ℃ at the rolling ratio of 90%;
S7 aging treatment
The aging treatment is carried out in a muffle furnace, the set temperature of the muffle furnace is 160-180 ℃, and the holding time is 6-10h.
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| CN110093537A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of high-fracture toughness Al-Mg-Sc alloy bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110691857A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-01-14 | 三菱铝株式会社 | Aluminum alloy for brazing and aluminum brazing sheet |
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| JPH05179389A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-07-20 | Sky Alum Co Ltd | Aluminum alloy material for upset butt welding |
| JPH0665667A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1994-03-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Aluminum alloy for chassis of transport machine excellent in piercing workability |
| JPH0673483A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-15 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Aluminum alloy sheet excellent in weldability |
| WO2017111656A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Смв Инжиниринг" | High-strength non-heat-treatable aluminium alloy and method for production thereof |
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