CN110023605B - 选择性催化还原系统 - Google Patents

选择性催化还原系统 Download PDF

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CN110023605B
CN110023605B CN201880004736.2A CN201880004736A CN110023605B CN 110023605 B CN110023605 B CN 110023605B CN 201880004736 A CN201880004736 A CN 201880004736A CN 110023605 B CN110023605 B CN 110023605B
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CN110023605A (zh
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李俊荣
朴钟赫
崔峻源
刘昶埙
林艺勋
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LG Chem Ltd
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Abstract

本发明说明了一种通过在选择性催化还原系统中的通常发生流量偏差的区域中包括挡板构件来改善流体的流量偏差的技术。

Description

选择性催化还原系统
技术领域
本申请要求2017年5月24日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2017-0064194号的优先权权益，其全部公开内容通过引用并入本文中。
本发明涉及一种选择性催化还原(SCR)系统，更具体地，涉及一种SCR系统，该SCR系统包括用于控制包括管道的各种系统中的流体(例如，气体)的流量偏差的挡板。
背景技术
国内外针对大气污染物的法规正在加强，并且对减少污染物作出了努力。在大气污染物中，氮氧化物是在燃烧过程中产生的，并且在技术上比其他污染物更不可控。选择性催化还原(SCR)系统是处理废气中包含的氮氧化物的后处理设备之一。
发明内容
技术问题
选择性催化还原(SCR)系统的性能可以由催化剂性能的维持和操作条件决定。具体地，催化剂性能的维持与催化层前端的温度和流体速度以及氨的质量比分布的均匀性密切相关。提出了传统技术以通过安装反映系统形状的挡板来保持流量分布的均匀性，但在改善流量偏差方面存在局限性。
本发明设计用于通过在SCR系统的发生流量偏差的区域中应用挡板构件来改善流量偏差。
技术方案
为了实现上述方面，本发明提供了一种具有催化层的选择性催化还原(SCR)系统，所述SCR系统包括多个挡板构件，所述多个挡板构件位于与所述催化层的前端间隔开的位置处，其中，所述多个挡板构件减小由于流体在至少一个方向上的过流断面(flow cross-section)的增大而引起的流量偏差，其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个包括第一部分和第二部分，其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个的所述第一部分和所述第二部分在所述过流断面增大的所述至少一个方向的正交方向上延伸，其中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分是一体的，并且其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个在所述流体的入口方向上突出。
有益效果
根据本发明的选择性催化还原系统能够出乎意料地改善催化层前端的通过挡板构件的流体的流量偏差。
附图说明
图1a示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的包括多个挡板构件的选择性催化还原系统，并且图1b是图1a的一部分的放大图。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的挡板构件。
图3示出了在装配图2的挡板构件之前和之后的流体速度分布。
图4示出了在装配图2的挡板构件之前和之后的流体中的氨的质量比分布。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的具有催化层的选择性催化还原(SCR)系统包括多个挡板构件，所述多个挡板构件位于与催化层的前端间隔开的位置处，其中，多个挡板构件减小由于流体在至少一个方向上的过流断面的增大而引起的流量偏差，其中，多个挡板构件的每一个包括第一部分和第二部分，其中，多个挡板构件的每一个的第一部分和第二部分在过流断面增大的至少一个方向的正交方向上延伸，第一部分和第二部分是一体的，并且多个挡板构件的每一个在流体的入口方向上突出。
在根据本发明的SCR系统中，多个挡板构件的每一个可以具有在过流断面增大的至少一个方向的正交方向上延伸的V形横截面。
在根据本发明的SCR系统中，多个挡板构件的每一个的第一部分和第二部分之间可以形成45°至90°的角度。
在根据本发明的SCR系统中，多个挡板构件的每一个的第一部分的第一端与对应的第二部分的第一端重合，多个挡板构件的每一个的第一部分的与第一端相对的第二端和对应的第二部分的与第一端相对的第二端之间的距离可以在30mm至200mm的范围内，并且多个挡板构件的每一个之间的间距可以在30mm至50mm的范围内。
在根据本发明的SCR系统中，多个挡板构件的每一个之间的间距可以是恒定的。
此外，根据本发明的SCR系统可以包括喷氨格栅(ammonia injection grid，AIG)，该喷氨格栅(AIG)与催化层的前端间隔开预定距离，并且多个挡板构件可以装配在AIG的前端。
实施例
在下文中，将参照附图详细描述根据本发明的一个实施例的包括多个挡板构件的选择性催化还原系统，附图示出了本发明的优选示例，以更好地解释而不旨在限制本发明的技术范围。
此外，除非另有说明，否则相同的附图标记用于表示附图中所示的相同或等同的元件、组件或部件，并且将省略其重复说明。此外，为了方便起见，附图中的每个元件、组件或部件的尺寸和形状可以以放大或缩小比例示出。
图1a示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的包括用于减小流体流量偏差的多个挡板构件10以及催化层20的选择性催化还原(SCR)系统1。流体进入入口40，通过多个挡板构件10和催化层20，然后从出口50出来。如果未装配挡板构件10(未示出)，则由于过流断面增大，进入入口40的流体会发生流量偏差(参见图3和图4)。
然而，在根据本发明的SCR系统1中，多个挡板构件10装配为与催化层20的前端间隔开预定距离，从而使可能由于过流断面增大而产生的进入入口40的流体的流量偏差最小化(参见图3和图4)。
多个挡板构件10可以安装在过流断面增大然后恒定的区域中，优选地安装在喷氨格栅(AIG)30的前端，如图1a所示。此外，图1a示出了本发明的流体的过流断面水平增大的一个实施例，并且多个挡板构件10中的每一个垂直延伸。
图1b是放大图1a中装配在AIG 30前端的多个挡板构件10的一部分的视图。参照图1a和图1b，每个挡板构件在过流断面的垂直方向上延伸，并且每个挡板构件包括一体的第一部分10a和第二部分10b。每个挡板构件10为向流体的入口方向突出的形式。优选地，每个挡板构件10可以在垂直方向(即挡板构件延伸的方向)的正交方向上的横截面(cross-section)中具有V形形状，更优选地，具有与等腰三角形的两个斜边相对应的形状，但本发明不限于此。每个挡板构件10的横截面可以在垂直方向(即挡板构件延伸的方向)的正交方向上的横截面中是三角形形状。也就是说，朝向流体进入部分的第一部分10a和第二部分10b如上文所述配置，而每个挡板构件10的其他部分可以通过更改或修改以不同的方式实现。
同时，如果装配了传统挡板，则可能导致挡板前端和后端之间的压差较大，从而中断整个SCR系统中的良好流体流动。因此，需要减小多个挡板构件的装备中的压差。在根据本发明的装配多个挡板构件的情况下，压差减小了50Pa(～5mmH2O)或小于50Pa(～5mmH2O)，以改善催化层20前端的流量偏差。
图2是放大图1a所示的多个挡板10的一部分的视图。每个挡板10为这样的形式，该形式为：第一部分10a的一端与第二部分10b的一端重合，第一部分10a和第二部分10b之间的角度可以在45°至90°的范围内(优选地，60°)，并且第一部分的另一端与第二部分的另一端之间的距离(D)可以在30mm至200mm的范围内(优选地，50mm至150mm的范围内，更优选地，100mm)。此外，每个挡板构件10之间的间距(S)可以在30mm至100mm的范围内，优选地，30mm至50mm的范围内。
同时，根据本发明可以实施的SCR系统的AIG 30的深度可以是4000mm至5000mm，并且多个挡板构件10可以装配为跨过AIG 30的前端的水平方向。AIG 30的垂直长度可以在4000mm至5000mm的范围内，在这种情况下，多个挡板构件10中的每一个的垂直长度可以在50mm至100mm的范围内。挡板构件可以由不锈钢(优选地，奥氏体不锈钢A240TP310)制成。
然而，本发明不限于上述内容，根据本发明实施的环境，可以进行任何更改或修改以调整第一部分10a与第二部分10b之间的角度、第一部分10a与第二部分10b之间的距离D以及每个挡板构件10之间的间距S。
图3示出了在装配图2的挡板构件之前和之后的催化层20前端的流体速度分布。在图3中，以“未装配”表示的情况示出了在装配挡板构件之前的催化层20前端的流体速度分布。在这种情况下，示出了由于过流断面的增大，进入入口40的流体会发生流量偏差，因此在催化层20前端的速度不均匀。
相反，图3中实施例1至4的情况示出了在如图1a所示装配挡板构件之后的催化层20前端的流体速度分布。特别地，实施例1对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝30mm的情况；实施例2对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝40mm的情况；实施例3对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝50mm的情况；实施例4对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝100mm的情况。AIG 30的深度在4000mm至5000mm的范围内。尽管进入入口40的流体的过流断面如图1a所示增大，但流体通过图3的实施例1至4中的根据本发明的一个实施例的挡板构件10，从而在催化层20前端显示出均匀的速度，而没有大的速度差。具体地，实施例1至3示出了流体的速度差得到了显著改善。
此外，流体流动的速度分布均匀性可以通过应用(比率)＝(标准偏差)/(平均值)的概念来确定。比率越小，则可以得到越均匀的分布。在图3中的没有装配挡板构件10的未装配情况下，示出了平均值为5.36，标准偏差为2.76，比率(＝标准偏差/平均值)为0.51。相反，图3中的装配了挡板构件10的实施例1至4示出了比率分别为0.28、0.23、0.25和0.40，这表明催化层20前端的流体的改善的速度差。具体地，实施例1至3可以示出显著的改善。其中，图2中D＝100mm和S＝40mm的情况的实施例2示出了催化层20前端的流体速度差的最佳改善。
另外，图4示出了在装配图2的挡板构件之前和之后的催化层20前端的氨(NH3)的质量比分布。图4中以未装配表示的情况示出了在装配挡板构件之前的催化层20前端的氨的质量比分布。在这种情况下，示出了由于过流断面的增大，进入入口40的流体会发生流量偏差，并且在氨在流体中扩散的同时这种流体通过AIG 30。此时，从图4中的未装配情况可以看出，由于流体的流量偏差，催化层20前端的流体中的氨的质量比分布不均匀。
相反，图4中实施例1至4的情况示出了在如图1a所示装配挡板构件之后的催化层20前端的氨的质量比分布。特别地，实施例1对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝30mm的情况；实施例2对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝40mm的情况；实施例3对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝50mm的情况；实施例4对应于图2中D＝100mm和S＝100mm的情况。AIG 30的深度在4000mm至5000mm的范围内。尽管进入入口40的流体的过流断面如图1a所示增大，但流体通过图4的实施例1至4中的根据本发明的一个实施例的挡板构件10，从而在催化层20的前端显示出最均匀的氨的质量比分布。具体地，实施例1至3示出了流体中的氨的质量比差异得到了显著改善。
此外，流体中的氨的质量比分布均匀性可以通过应用(比率)＝(标准偏差)/(平均值)的概念来确定。比率越小，则可以得到越均匀的分布。在图4中的没有装配挡板构件10的未装配情况下，示出了平均值为3.7e-3，标准偏差为2.7e-3，比率(＝标准偏差/平均值)为0.72。相反，图4中的装配了挡板构件10的实施例1至4示出了比率分别为0.20、0.21、0.24和0.43，这表明催化层20前端的氨的改善的质量比差异。具体地，实施例1至3可以示出显著的改善。其中，图2中D＝100mm和S＝30mm的情况的实施例1示出了催化层20前端的氨的质量比差异的最佳改善。
尽管图1a示出了流体的过流断面是水平增大的，并且多个挡板构件10各自相对于过流断面是垂直延伸的，但这仅仅是为了说明本发明的一个实施例，并且本发明也可以实现流体的过流断面垂直增大并且多个挡板构件10各自相对于过流断面水平延伸的情况，以及流体的过流断面垂直和水平增大并且多个挡板构件10各自以四角锥形的网格的形式替换的情况。因此，本发明中可以进行各种更改或修改。
虽然已经参照本发明的附图及实施例具体示出并描述了本发明，但本领域技术人员将理解，本发明的范围并不限于此，而是可以在其中进行各种更改及修改。因此，本发明的实际范围将由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
【附图标记说明】
1：选择性催化还原(SCR)系统 10：挡板构件
10a：挡板构件的第一部分 10b：挡板构件的第二部分
20：催化层 30：喷氨格栅
40：入口 50：出口

Claims (6)

1.一种选择性催化还原系统，即SCR系统，所述SCR系统具有催化层，
所述SCR系统包括：
多个挡板构件，所述多个挡板构件位于与所述催化层的前端间隔开的位置处，
其中，所述多个挡板构件减小由于流体在至少一个方向上的过流断面的增大而引起的流量偏差，
其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个包括第一部分和第二部分，
其中，所述多个挡板构件的每一个的所述第一部分和所述第二部分在所述过流断面增大的所述至少一个方向的正交方向上延伸，
其中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分是一体的，并且
其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个在所述流体的入口方向上突出，
其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个之间的间距在30mm至50mm的范围内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的SCR系统，其中，所述多个挡板构件中的每一个具有在所述过流断面增大的所述至少一个方向的正交方向上延伸的V形横截面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的SCR系统，其中，所述多个挡板构件的每一个的所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间形成45°至90°的角度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的SCR系统，其中，所述多个挡板构件的每一个的所述第一部分的第一端与对应的所述第二部分的第一端重合，
其中，所述多个挡板构件的每一个的所述第一部分的与所述第一端相对的第二端和对应的所述第二部分的与所述第一端相对的第二端之间的距离在30mm至200mm的范围内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的SCR系统，其中，各所述多个挡板构件之间的间距是恒定的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的SCR系统，还包括喷氨格栅，即AIG，所述AIG与所述催化层的前端间隔开，其中，所述多个挡板构件装配在所述AIG的所述前端。
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EP3524789A4 (en) 2019-10-02
CN113250794A (zh) 2021-08-13
CN110023605A (zh) 2019-07-16
WO2018216876A1 (ko) 2018-11-29
JP6797460B2 (ja) 2020-12-09
US10808591B2 (en) 2020-10-20
KR20180128720A (ko) 2018-12-04
CN113250794B (zh) 2023-03-14

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