CN109924122A - A kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time - Google Patents
A kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time Download PDFInfo
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- CN109924122A CN109924122A CN201811600070.5A CN201811600070A CN109924122A CN 109924122 A CN109924122 A CN 109924122A CN 201811600070 A CN201811600070 A CN 201811600070A CN 109924122 A CN109924122 A CN 109924122A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of maternal banana natural hybridization methods for taking out flower bud ahead of time, comprising: (1) selects to plant between banana female parent, male parent material；(2) the ultra dense plant of male parent material；(3) female parent material dwarfing and flowering regulation；(4) female parent material dense planting；(5) bee pollination is put；(6) male parent material flower thinning, fruit thinning；(7) maternal cutting off male flower cluster and blade are managed and protected；(8) it inhales bud and stays plant；(9) the step of enhancing field management.Parent spontaneous pollination, natural hybridization is set to acquire hybrid seed when maternal any of several broadleaf plants fruit is mature or close mature by above method.This process simplify the programs of artificial hybridization pollinating method between kind, shorten breeding process, reduce the labour degree of the production of hybrid seeds, save labour, reduce production cost, and the seed purity of output is high.The present invention can carry out the hybrid seeding of larger area, be easy to be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant hybridization breeding technical field, in particular to a kind of maternal banana natural hybridization for taking out flower bud ahead of time
Method.
Background technique
Crossbreeding is one of important channel of creating new varieties of plants, by hybridization that natural selection long-term between species is long-pending
Tired beneficial characteristics are recombinated, and the genetic diversity of species is further enriched.Edible banana is commonly triploid, has height
Sterility, it is not affine with hybrid fertile obstacle to carry out the different degrees of presence hybridization of banana crossbreeding, therefore, this work
Difficulty is larger, makes slow progress.It is some basic to ask currently, considerably less about work relevant document report of banana crossbreeding
Topic is still not very clear, lacks valuable reference.
Currently, there are following difficulties: (1) Parent flowering asynchronism for the crossbreeding work of banana, between different cultivars mutually
Artificial hybridization pollination program is complicated when crossbreed；(2) breeding time is long, more by extraneous uncertain factor, causes breeding difficult
Degree increases；(3) banana plant is tall and big, crossbreeding large labor intensity, at high cost, it is difficult to be widely applied.
Therefore, if the method breeding of natural hybridization of the present invention can be used, it will solve problem above.Guangxi is richly endowed by nature
Geography, climate type be richly stored with the germ plasm resources such as any of several broadleaf plants class wild species and local cultivar, be banana variety improvement and
The huge gene pool of structural adjustment.It is collected by the resource of early period and evaluation study, this team filters out within the border in Guangxi native country
Cold-resistant, anti-blight characteristic and the higher wild any of several broadleaf plants resource of pollen fertility are had both, provides rare parent for hybridization pollination research
This resource material.It will play a role to improve existing cultivar characteristic, abundant germ plasm resource etc..
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of maternal banana natural hybridization methods for taking out flower bud ahead of time, and this process simplify kinds
Between artificial hybridization pollinating method program, shorten breeding process, reduce the labour degree of the production of hybrid seeds, save labour, reduce life
Cost is produced, and the seed purity of output is high.The present invention can carry out the hybrid seeding of larger area, be easy to be promoted.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time, includes the following steps:
(1) it is planted between selection banana female parent, male parent material: the Jiao Yuan of maternal " bronze 1 " contiguous plant of selection single variety, it will be wild
In the garden raw any of several broadleaf plants male parent material interlacing Jian Zhong.The female parent material " bronze 1 ", for the breeding of this seminar and through Guangxi crops
The variety certification committee authorizes the dwarf banana kind passed through, is the important cultivar of dwarf banana, the excellent spy such as tool cold-resistant, drought resisting
Property.The wild banana male parent material is the wild banana germplasm that Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Yulin City Rong County mountain great Rong is collected.Rong County is big
Rong Shan is domestic in Rong County, and wild banana is exactly a kind, and well developed root system, plant leaves are more, is not easy to lodge, and pest and disease damage is few,
It is cold-resistant, it is drought-enduring.
(2) the ultra dense plant of male parent material: seeding row spacing is 1.4m~1.6m × 1.5m~1.7m, mu planting density 250~300
Strain increases pollen amount, improves pollination probability.
(3) female parent material dwarfing and flowering regulation: female parent sprays paclobutrazol medicament, while cooperating field management, makes plant
Height reduces, and takes out flower bud phase and shift to an earlier date.The effective component weight content of the paclobutrazol medicament is 25%, and usage amount is 2.5 ~ 4.0g
Every plant.Application method are as follows: whole strain for the first time sprays paclobutrazol 0.8 ~ 1.5g of medicament in plant height 1.0m, and 30 days interval times are again
Secondary whole strain sprays paclobutrazol 1.7 ~ 2.5g of medicament, co-administers 2 times.
(4) female parent material dense planting: seeding row spacing is the m ~ 2.4 of 2.0 m ~ 2.2m × 2.2 m, mu planting density 125 ~ 150
Strain.
(5) it puts bee pollination: introducing domestic honey bees pollination in florescence interlacing, achieve the purpose that assist hybridization pollination.
(6) male parent material flower thinning, fruit thinning: male parent material female flower and neuter flower are cut off in time after outputing, and nutrient is promoted to concentrate
Male flower is supplied, the consumption of nutrient is reduced, male flower is made more rapid and better to generate a large amount of pollen, and male flower longer blooming period.
(7) maternal cutting off male flower cluster and blade are managed and protected: vegetative growth phase protects good whole blades, does not cut leaf.Take out flower bud after, stay 5 to 6 comb and
When cutting off male flower cluster, fruit ear 5 at it is full when cut leaf, 1 comb fruit correspondence stays 1, leaf, that is, stays 5 to 6 leaves, rest blade is cut off, and mentions fruit ear
It is early full, seed is harvested ahead of time.
(8) it inhales bud and stays plant: female parent material, every maternal plant selects and remain two plants of suction buds, and second, which makes perennial root any of several broadleaf plants mu plantation density, to turn over
Again to 250 ~ 300 plants, production of hybrid seeds amount is improved.Male parent material does not remove bud.
(9) enhance field management: water management is reinforced in full garden, and heavy dressing organic fertilizer carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
Female parent " bronze 1 " flower bud from be colonized to taking out of the invention usually requires 6 ~ 9 months, and wild banana flower bud from be colonized to taking out needs
Take 4 ~ 7 months, it is therefore desirable to the florescence be adjusted, so that father, maternal longer time at florescence meet.This method is using maternal
The method for taking out flower bud ahead of time carrys out florescence alternation, and at 1.0 meters of plant height, whole strain for the first time sprays paclobutrazol (effective component weight content
25%) medicament 1.0g, 30 days interval times, whole strain sprayed paclobutrazol (effective component weight content 25%) medicament 2.0g again, applied altogether
With 2 times, the total dosage 3.0g of single plant medicament, cooperate field management, maternal flower bud phase of taking out can be made to shift to an earlier date 30~60d.
Paclobutrazol (PP333), it is a plant growth regulators, has and delay plant growth, inhibits stem elongation, shorten
Internode promotes plant tillering, increases plant stress-resistance performance, improves yield and other effects.
The influence of flower bud phase and plant height is taken out to study paclobutrazol in detail to dwarf banana, the present invention has carried out following tests:
PP is used on field planting on April 5th, 2016 generation dwarf banana333Test process is carried out, the pumping flower bud time that T4 handles (3.0g/ plants) is earliest,
Pumping flower bud rate when on October 11st, 2016 has been more than 50%(62.5%)；Secondly it is T3(2.5g/ plants), flower bud rate is taken out in October, 2016
21 have been more than 50%；And compareing pumping flower bud rate at this time is 0.
1 various dose PP of table333Handle the influence that flower bud rate is taken out to dwarf banana
Also, by further studying various dose PP333It handles the influence to the dwarf banana number of blade and leaf development speed to obtain: PP333
The pumping speed that processing can accelerate dwarf banana blade takes out flower bud to reach the specified number of blade earlier in advance.This test is applied from leaching
Various dose PP333Processing between 28.8~30.1, differs not significant to the number of blade for taking out flower bud phase pumping.But pumping these
The difference of number of days needed for blade is larger, and least needs 147.5d(T4), every a piece of blade of pumping needs 5.0d, and at CK
Reason to the number of blade for taking out flower bud phase pumping at most needs 192.2d, and every a piece of blade of pumping needs 6.4d.
2 various dose PP of table333Handle the influence to the dwarf banana number of blade and leaf development speed
PP is applied in leaching333Dwarf banana plant height ratio CK have reduction, wherein with T4 handle Dwarf Effect on Dwarf it is more preferable, plant height drop
Low 1.13 m, the range of decrease 25.4%；The leaf spacing of T4 processing is minimum, only 10.07 cm, reduces 30.3% than CK, illustrates that dwarf banana leaching is applied
PP333It can obviously reduce dwarf banana plant height, shorten leaf spacing.
3 various dose PP of table333Handle the influence to dwarf banana plant height
The present invention is further studied under the above test result, obtains optimization process scheme: in maternal plant height 1.0
Whole strain for the first time sprays PP when rice333(effective component weight content 25%) 0.8 ~ 1.5g of medicament, the whole strain spray again of 30 days interval times
Apply PP333(effective component weight content 25%) 1.7 ~ 2.5g of medicament is co-administered 2 times, the total 2.5 ~ 4.0g of dosage of single plant medicament, cooperation
Field management can make maternal flower bud phase of taking out shift to an earlier date 30~60d, and plant height reduces by 20% or so.
The invention has the benefit that
1. the maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time of the invention, simplifies the journey of artificial hybridization pollinating method between kind
Sequence shortens breeding process, reduces the labour degree of the production of hybrid seeds, saves labour, reduces production cost, and the seed purity of output
It is high.Male parent is domestic in Rong County on the Rong County mountain great Rong, and wild banana is exactly a kind, and well developed root system, plant leaves are more, are not easy
Lodging, pest and disease damage is few, resists cold, drought-enduring.
2. the maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time of the invention, by spraying paclobutrazol medicament and matched field
Between manage, " bronze 1 " florescence is adjusted, so that female parent material takes out flower bud ahead of time, to make father, longer time at maternal florescence
Meet, substantially increase pollination probability.Plant height is reduced simultaneously, and plant, which is downgraded, can increase planting density, further increase
Production of hybrid seeds amount.
Specific embodiment
A kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time of embodiment 1., includes the following steps:
(1) it is planted between selection banana female parent, male parent material: the Jiao Yuan of maternal " bronze 1 " contiguous plant of selection single variety, it will be wild
In the garden raw any of several broadleaf plants male parent material interlacing Jian Zhong.The wild banana male parent material is what Yulin City Rong County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was collected
Wild banana germplasm.
(2) the ultra dense plant of male parent material: seeding row spacing is 1.4m × 1.5m, about 300 plants of mu planting density, increases pollen amount, mentions
Height pollination probability.
(3) female parent material dwarfing and flowering regulation: female parent sprays paclobutrazol medicament, while cooperating field management, makes plant
Height reduces, and takes out flower bud phase and shift to an earlier date.The effective component weight content of the paclobutrazol medicament is 25%, and usage amount is that 2.5g/ is every
Strain.Application method are as follows: whole strain for the first time sprays paclobutrazol medicament 0.8g, the whole strain again of 30 days interval times in plant height 1.0m
Paclobutrazol medicament 1.7g is sprayed, is co-administered 2 times.
(4) female parent material Cold region apple: seeding row spacing be the m of 2.0 m × 2.2, about 150 plants of mu planting density.
(5) it puts bee pollination: introducing domestic honey bees pollination in florescence interlacing, achieve the purpose that assist hybridization pollination.
(6) male parent material flower thinning, fruit thinning: male parent material female flower and neuter flower are cut off in time after outputing, and nutrient is promoted to concentrate
Male flower is supplied, the consumption of nutrient is reduced, male flower is made more rapid and better to generate a large amount of pollen, and male flower longer blooming period.
(7) maternal cutting off male flower cluster and blade are managed and protected: vegetative growth phase protects good whole blades, does not cut leaf.Take out flower bud after, stay 5 to 6 comb and
When cutting off male flower cluster, fruit ear 5 at it is full when cut leaf, 1 comb fruit correspondence stays 1, leaf, that is, stays 5 to 6 leaves, rest blade is cut off, and mentions fruit ear
It is early full, seed is harvested ahead of time.
(8) it inhales bud and stays plant: female parent material, every maternal plant selects and remain two plants of suction buds, and second, which makes perennial root any of several broadleaf plants mu plantation density, to turn over
Again to 300 plants, production of hybrid seeds amount is improved.Male parent material does not remove bud.
(9) enhance field management: water management is reinforced in full garden, and heavy dressing organic fertilizer carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
A kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time of embodiment 2, includes the following steps:
(1) it is planted between selection banana female parent, male parent material: the Jiao Yuan of maternal " bronze 1 " contiguous plant of selection single variety, it will be wild
In the garden raw any of several broadleaf plants male parent material interlacing Jian Zhong.The wild banana male parent material is what Yulin City Rong County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was collected
Wild banana germplasm.
(2) the ultra dense plant of male parent material: seeding row spacing is 1.6m × 1.7m, about 250 plants of mu planting density, increases pollen amount, mentions
Height pollination probability.
(3) female parent material dwarfing and flowering regulation: female parent sprays paclobutrazol medicament, while cooperating field management, makes plant
Height reduces, and takes out flower bud phase and shift to an earlier date.The effective component weight content of the paclobutrazol medicament is 25%, and usage amount is that 4.0g/ is every
Strain.Application method are as follows: whole strain for the first time sprays paclobutrazol medicament 1.5g, the whole strain again of 30 days interval times in plant height 1.0m
Paclobutrazol medicament 2.5g is sprayed, is co-administered 2 times.
(4) female parent material Cold region apple: seeding row spacing be the m of 2.2m × 2.4, about 125 plants of mu planting density.
(5) it puts bee pollination: introducing domestic honey bees pollination in florescence interlacing, achieve the purpose that assist hybridization pollination.
(6) male parent material flower thinning, fruit thinning: male parent material female flower and neuter flower are cut off in time after outputing, and nutrient is promoted to concentrate
Male flower is supplied, the consumption of nutrient is reduced, male flower is made more rapid and better to generate a large amount of pollen, and male flower longer blooming period.
(7) maternal cutting off male flower cluster and blade are managed and protected: vegetative growth phase protects good whole blades, does not cut leaf.Take out flower bud after, stay 5 to 6 comb and
When cutting off male flower cluster, fruit ear 5 at it is full when cut leaf, 1 comb fruit correspondence stays 1, leaf, that is, stays 5 to 6 leaves, rest blade is cut off, and mentions fruit ear
It is early full, seed is harvested ahead of time.
(8) it inhales bud and stays plant: female parent material, every maternal plant selects and remain two plants of suction buds, and second, which makes perennial root any of several broadleaf plants mu plantation density, to turn over
Again to 250 plants, production of hybrid seeds amount is improved.Male parent material does not remove bud.
(9) enhance field management: water management is reinforced in full garden, and heavy dressing organic fertilizer carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
A kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time of embodiment 3., includes the following steps:
(1) it is planted between selection banana female parent, male parent material: the Jiao Yuan of maternal " bronze 1 " contiguous plant of selection single variety, it will be wild
In the garden raw any of several broadleaf plants male parent material interlacing Jian Zhong.The wild banana male parent material is what Yulin City Rong County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was collected
Wild banana germplasm.
(2) the ultra dense plant of male parent material: seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1.6m, about 278 plants of mu planting density, increases pollen amount, mentions
Height pollination probability.
(3) female parent material dwarfing and flowering regulation: female parent sprays paclobutrazol medicament, while cooperating field management, makes plant
Height reduces, and takes out flower bud phase and shift to an earlier date.The effective component weight content of the paclobutrazol medicament is 25%, and usage amount is that 3.0g/ is every
Strain.Application method are as follows: whole strain for the first time sprays paclobutrazol medicament 1.0g, the whole strain again of 30 days interval times in plant height 1.0m
Paclobutrazol medicament 2.0g is sprayed, is co-administered 2 times.
(4) female parent material Cold region apple: seeding row spacing be 2.1m × 2.3m, about 138 plants of mu planting density.
(5) it puts bee pollination: introducing domestic honey bees pollination in florescence interlacing, achieve the purpose that assist hybridization pollination.
(6) male parent material flower thinning, fruit thinning: male parent material female flower and neuter flower are cut off in time after outputing, and nutrient is promoted to concentrate
Male flower is supplied, the consumption of nutrient is reduced, male flower is made more rapid and better to generate a large amount of pollen, and male flower longer blooming period.
(7) maternal cutting off male flower cluster and blade are managed and protected: vegetative growth phase protects good whole blades, does not cut leaf.Take out flower bud after, stay 5 to 6 comb and
When cutting off male flower cluster, fruit ear 5 at it is full when cut leaf, 1 comb fruit correspondence stays 1, leaf, that is, stays 5 to 6 leaves, rest blade is cut off, and mentions fruit ear
It is early full, seed is harvested ahead of time.
(8) it inhales bud and stays plant: female parent material, every maternal plant selects and remain two plants of suction buds, and second, which makes perennial root any of several broadleaf plants mu plantation density, to turn over
Again to 276 plants, production of hybrid seeds amount is improved.Male parent material does not remove bud.
(9) enhance field management: water management is reinforced in full garden, and heavy dressing organic fertilizer carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
Embodiment 4
It carries out an invention technical solution in Wuming area, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning City proving ground, according to the side of embodiment 1,2 and 3
Method, so that " bronze 1 " maternal flower bud phase of taking out averagely shifts to an earlier date 55.45 days, it is maternal substantially overlapping with the male parent florescence, it substantially increases and awards
Powder probability.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time, it is characterised in that:
(1) it is planted between selection banana female parent, male parent material: the Jiao Yuan of maternal " bronze 1 " contiguous plant of selection single variety, it will be wild
In the garden raw any of several broadleaf plants male parent material interlacing Jian Zhong；The wild banana male parent material is what Yulin City Rong County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was collected
Wild banana germplasm；
(2) the ultra dense plant of male parent material: seeding row spacing is 1.4m~1.6m × 1.5m~1.7m, 250~300 plants of mu planting density, is increased
Add pollen amount, improves pollination probability；
(3) female parent material dwarfing and flowering regulation: female parent sprays paclobutrazol medicament, while cooperating field management, makes plant height
It reduces, and takes out flower bud phase and shift to an earlier date；
(4) female parent material dense planting: seeding row spacing be the m ~ 2.4 of 2.0 m ~ 2.2m × 2.2 m, 125 ~ 150 plants of mu planting density；
(5) it puts bee pollination: introducing domestic honey bees pollination in florescence interlacing, achieve the purpose that assist hybridization pollination；
(6) male parent material flower thinning, fruit thinning: male parent material female flower and neuter flower are cut off in time after outputing, and promote nutrient centralizedly supply
Male flower reduces the consumption of nutrient, and male flower is made more rapid and better to generate a large amount of pollen, and male flower longer blooming period；
(7) maternal cutting off male flower cluster and blade are managed and protected: vegetative growth phase protects good whole blades, does not cut leaf；After taking out flower bud, stay 5 to 6 combs disconnected in time
Flower bud, fruit ear 5 at it is full when cut leaf, 1 comb fruit correspondence stays 1, leaf, that is, stays 5 to 6 leaves, and rest blade is cut off, and keeps fruit ear full ahead of time
It is full, seed is harvested ahead of time；
(8) inhale bud and stay plants: female parent material, every maternal plant selects and remain two plants of suctions buds, second make perennial root any of several broadleaf plants mu plant density can it is double extremely
250 ~ 300 plants, improve production of hybrid seeds amount；Male parent material does not remove bud；
(9) enhance field management: water management is reinforced in full garden, and heavy dressing organic fertilizer carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
2. the maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the paclobutrazol
The effective component weight content of medicament is 25%.
3. the maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the medicament
Usage amount is every plant of 2.5 ~ 4.0g/.
4. the maternal banana natural hybridization method for taking out flower bud ahead of time according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the medicament makes
With method are as follows: in plant height 1.0m, whole strain for the first time sprays paclobutrazol 0.8 ~ 1.5g of medicament, the whole strain again of 30 days interval times
Paclobutrazol 1.7 ~ 2.5g of medicament is sprayed, is co-administered 2 times.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109924123A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A kind of hybridization pollination method improving banana Setting percentage |
| CN111264379A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Banana cultivation method convenient for artificial pollination |
| CN115349407A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for simply judging banana dwarfing time node and dwarfing effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947497A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-30 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | High yield and high quality cultivation method for cross-fertilization No.1 dwarf banana |
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- 2018-12-26 CN CN201811600070.5A patent/CN109924122B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947497A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-07-30 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | High yield and high quality cultivation method for cross-fertilization No.1 dwarf banana |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 李俏: "多效唑调节制种花期效果研究", 《杂交水稻》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109924123A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A kind of hybridization pollination method improving banana Setting percentage |
| CN111264379A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Banana cultivation method convenient for artificial pollination |
| CN115349407A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for simply judging banana dwarfing time node and dwarfing effect |
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