CN109906986A - A kind of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats - Google Patents
A kind of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats Download PDFInfo
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- CN109906986A CN109906986A CN201910319015.7A CN201910319015A CN109906986A CN 109906986 A CN109906986 A CN 109906986A CN 201910319015 A CN201910319015 A CN 201910319015A CN 109906986 A CN109906986 A CN 109906986A
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- algae
- artificial marine
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- rectangular pyramids
- truncated rectangular
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats, including artificial marine habitat body, its main feature is that: artificial marine habitat body is divided into precious marine product proliferative zone, fish conservation layer and algae adhesive layer from bottom to top.Precious marine product proliferative zone is the solid of truncated rectangular pyramids, and truncated rectangular pyramids bottom surface is square, several vertical through hole are evenly distributed with inside truncated rectangular pyramids.Fish conservation layer is tetragonal body hollow structure, and algae adhesive layer is multi-layer net platform, and fish conservation layer is fixed on precious marine product proliferative zone, and algae adhesive layer is fixed on fish conservation layer.It can promote the exchange of nutriment in upper and lower level water body, provide suitable habitats for algae, love reef fish, precious marine product and aufwuch, promote artificial marine habitat ecosystem bio-diversity level and structure of community is stablized.Solve the problems such as artificial marine habitat has a single function, food web frame is simple, reef area biocoene diversity is horizontal lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial marine habitats, belong to seawater fishery aquaculture infrastructure technique field, and specifically one
Kind it is precious marine product, loves reef fish, algae more nutrition level artificial marine habitats of the habitats such as breeding, forage, growth are provided.
Background technique
Overfishing, water pollution, Global climate change bring immense pressure to marine fishery resources and ecological environment, are
Improve the fishery resources of decline, repairs immediate offshore area ecological environment, fishery industrical mode in China's is by traditional fishing, cultivation
It conserves and changes to resource.Important measures of the artificial marine habitat construction as maintenance resource, repairing environment, it has also become China's sea fishery
One of important directions of development.Currently, China coast each province has all carried out artificial marine habitat construction, the reefs of dispensing with stone reef and
Based on concrete reef, although playing certain effect to sea area resources improvement, there are reefs structures simply, reef area ecology function
Can be single the problems such as.By taking the construction of yellow Bohai Sea artificial marine habitat as an example, main purpose is the proliferation precious marine products such as stichopus japonicus, for save at
Originally, pursuit economic value, reefs are essentially the concrete such as natural stone, and simple rectangular, tubular, only pay attention to being proliferated object
Habitat requirement, the biology community structure useless for fully considering the artificial marine habitat ecosystem and function group configuration, lead to artificial marine habitat
The proliferation species that causing by reasons such as Biomass carrying capacity deficiencies occurs in the ecosystem are dead, food web frame is simple, two packing spaces
Property it is horizontal lower the problems such as.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that solution artificial marine habitat of the existing technology has a single function, reef area structure of community is simple, ecology maintains
The lower problem of ability is closed according to biology community structure feature according to interdependence of the Different Nutrition grade biology in food web
System, provides a kind of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats, can promote the exchange of nutriment in upper and lower level water body, is algae, love reef
Fish, precious marine product and aufwuch provide suitable habitats, promote artificial marine habitat ecosystem bio-diversity level and group's knot
Structure is stablized.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats, including artificial marine habitat body, which is characterized in that the artificial marine habitat body from lower and
On be divided into precious marine product proliferative zone, fish conservation layer and algae adhesive layer；The precious marine product proliferative zone be truncated rectangular pyramids, described four
Terrace with edge is solid, and the truncated rectangular pyramids bottom surface is square, and it is vertical that several are evenly distributed on the top surface of the truncated rectangular pyramids
Through-hole；The fish conservation layer is tetragonal body hollow structure；The algae adhesive layer is multi-layer net platform, the fish
Conservation layer is fixed on precious marine product proliferative zone, and the algae adhesive layer is fixed on fish conservation layer.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: the fish conservation layer includes tetragonal body frame and top plate, described
4 trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vanes are arranged in the inside of tetragonal body frame, form top and inside hollow out by 4 trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vanes
Halfpace structure is each provided with circular through hole on every trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vane；At the top of tetragonal body frame, the top is set
Respectively there are a rectangular solid plate in plate, the quadrangle of the top plate, and the rectangular solid plate is as algae attaching frame mounting plate, described in four
It is connected between algae attaching frame mounting plate with arm support.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: the algae adhesive layer includes grid platform and support frame, several
A grid platform gauge is fixed on support frame as described above, respectively passes through institute on four algae attaching frame mounting plates of the top plate
It states support frame and fixes the algae adhesive layer.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: the precious marine product proliferative zone and fish conservation layer is to use reinforcing bar respectively
Concrete material symmetrical integral structure made of pouring.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: respectively it is arranged in the quadrangle of the top plate of the fish conservation layer and hangs
Ring；Several metals or tying-up rope tool are welded on the grid platform of the algae adhesive layer.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: the reinforcement fabrication of support frame nominal diameter 22mm, it is described
Grid platform nominal diameter 16mm reinforcement fabrication, and grid mesh be not less than 50mm.
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: the bottom surface side length of the truncated rectangular pyramids is not less than 5000mm, truncated rectangular pyramids
Height be 500-1200mm, rib body angle 45o-90o；The vertical through hole diameter is 300-500mm, the spacing of vertical through hole
Distance for 100-150mm, outer to the nearest edge of upper plane of the truncated rectangular pyramids of outermost vertical through hole is not less than
200mm。
Further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal: the length and width dimensions of the tetragonal body frame and the truncated rectangular pyramids
Upper plane length and width dimensions are identical, and the height of the tetragonal body frame is 200mm, and the thickness of the rectangle upper up-flow guide vane is not small
In the aperture of the circular through hole on 100mm, the rectangle upper up-flow guide vane be 200-300mm；The physical dimension of the top plate with
The length and width dimensions of tetragonal body frame are identical, and the top plate thickness is not less than 300mm；The side of four algae attaching frame mounting plates
A length of 1000mm；The total height of the algae adhesive layer is 600-1500mm, and the spacing of support frame as described above is 700-900mm,
The spacing of each layer grid platform is 300-500mm, and grid mesh is not less than 50mm.
Sheet of the present invention compared with prior art the advantages of and good effect be:
(1) more nutrition level artificial marine habitats provided by the invention use multilayer symmetric structure, with armored concrete, steel, rope tool
For material, have the characteristics that stability is high, durability is good, ecological suitable；
(2) the trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vane of more nutrition level artificial marine habitat settings provided by the invention, is conducive to expand upper up-flow rule
Mould promotes the nutriment in lower water column to convey to water body at the middle and upper levels, provides necessary nutrient for algal grown；
(3) more nutrition level artificial marine habitat top layers provided by the invention are lattice structure, are conducive to propagation of the illumination in reefs,
Promote algal grown breeding, while providing attaching substratum for algae, the fields such as also provide oviposition for other marine organisms, raise an infant
Institute；
(4) hollow structure is used in the middle part of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats provided by the invention, provides abundance for love reef fish
Travelling space；
(5) the precious marine product proliferative zone of more nutrition level artificial marine habitat bottoms provided by the invention mentions for precious marine products such as stichopus japonicus, abalones
For attachment space and place is protected, the sinking of upper layer algae also provides good feed source for precious marine product.
In conclusion it is that precious marine products such as algae, fish, stichopus japonicus etc. are a variety of not that the present invention, which provides more nutrition level artificial marine habitats,
It is provided with trophic level biology and adapts to habitat, be conducive to improve artificial reef area bio-diversity, construct stable artificial marine habitat ecology
System solves the problems such as China's artificial marine habitat has a single function, structure of community simple, ecological maintenance ability in reef area is lower.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure diagram of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the precious marine product proliferative zone of more nutrition level artificial marine habitat bottoms of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the fish conservation layer in more nutrition level artificial marine habitat middle layers of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of branch's mounting structure schematic diagram of the fish conservation layer in more nutrition level artificial marine habitat middle layers of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the algae adhesive layer of more nutrition level artificial marine habitat top layers of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of algae adhesive layer of more nutrition level artificial marine habitat top layers of the present invention and the mounting structure schematic diagram of top plate.
It is numbered in figure are as follows: 1- precious marine product proliferative zone, 1.1 truncated rectangular pyramids, 1.2- vertical through hole, 2- fish conservation layer, 2.1- tetra-
The trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vane of cube frame, 2.2-, 2.21- circular through hole, 2.3- top plate, 2.31- arm support, 2.32- algae are attached
Frame mounting plate, 2.4- hanging ring, 3- algae adhesive layer, 3.1- grid platform, 3.2- support frame.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail:
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, a kind of embodiment of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats of the present invention, including artificial marine habitat body, Artificial Fish
Reef proper is divided into precious marine product proliferative zone 1, fish conservation layer 2 and algae adhesive layer 3 from bottom to top.Above-mentioned precious marine product proliferative zone 1
For truncated rectangular pyramids, the truncated rectangular pyramids 1.1 are solid, and 1.1 bottom surface of truncated rectangular pyramids is square, in the top surface of truncated rectangular pyramids 1.1
On be evenly distributed with several vertical through hole 1.2, truncated rectangular pyramids 1.1 are conducive to upper up-flow and are formed, and vertical through hole 1.2 is the seas such as stichopus japonicus
Treasure, which provides, protects space.Above-mentioned fish conservation layer 2 is tetragonal body hollow structure.The algae adhesive layer 3 is Multilayer Network
Lattice platform, fish conservation layer 2 are fixed on precious marine product proliferative zone 1, and algae adhesive layer 3 is fixed on fish conservation layer 2.
Specifically: above-mentioned fish conservation layer 2 includes tetragonal body frame 2.1 and top plate 2.3, in tetragonal body frame 2.1
Inside the halfpace knot that the trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vane 2.2 of 4 trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vanes 2.2,4 forms top and internal hollow out is set
Structure is each provided with three circular through holes 2.21 on every trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vane 2.2, can further expansion upper up-flow scale,
It is more conducive to that bottom nutriment is promoted to convey to upper layer, provides bioactive elemements for algal grown.In tetragonal body frame 2.1
Top is provided with top plate 2.3, respectively has a rectangular solid plate in the quadrangle of top plate 2.3, rectangular solid plate is pacified as algae attaching frame
Loading board 2.32 is connected with arm support 2.31 between four algae attaching frame mounting plates 2.32.
Above-mentioned algae adhesive layer 3 includes grid platform 3.1 and support frame 3.2, several (the present embodiment is 4) grids
3.1 gauge of platform is fixed on support frame 3.2, respectively passes through support frame on four algae attaching frame mounting plates 2.32 of top plate 2.3
3.2 fix an algae adhesive layer 3.
For the ease of lifting, transport, dispensing, one hanging ring 2.4 is respectively set in the quadrangle of the top plate 2.3 of fish conservation layer 2.For
Convenient for fixed algae seedling, plant or fixed algae proliferation facility, several gold are welded on the grid platform 3.1 of algae adhesive layer 3
Belong to or tying-up rope has.
The bottom surface side length of above-mentioned truncated rectangular pyramids 1.1 is not less than 5000mm, is highly 500-1200mm, rib body angle 45o-90o.
1.2 diameter of vertical through hole is 300-500mm, and the spacing of vertical through hole 1.2 is 100-150mm, outermost vertical through hole 1.2
The distance at outer to the nearest edge of upper plane of truncated rectangular pyramids 1.1 is not less than 200mm.The length and width dimensions of tetragonal body frame 2.1 and sea
The upper plane length and width dimensions of the truncated rectangular pyramids 1.1 of treasure proliferative zone 1 are identical, and the height of tetragonal body frame 2.1 is 200mm, upper up-flow
Guide vane 2.2 with a thickness of 100mm, the aperture of three circular through holes 2.21 is 200-300mm on guide vane.The outer rim ruler of top plate 2.3
Very little identical as the length and width dimensions of tetragonal body frame 2.1, the side length of four algae attaching frame mounting plates 2.32 on top plate 2.3 is
1000mm, top plate thickness are not less than 300mm.The total height of algae adhesive layer 3 is 600-1500mm, and the spacing of support frame 3.2 is
700-900mm, the spacing of each layer grid platform 3.1 are 300-500mm.
In actual fabrication, above-mentioned precious marine product proliferative zone 1 and fish conservation layer 2 use Reinforced Concrete Materials according under
Sequence placement layer by layer on and forms symmetrical integral structure.It is carried out 28 days after the completion of pouring according to armored concrete curing requirements
Then the layering of grid platform 3.1 is welded on support frame 3.2 by maintenance, above-mentioned support frame 3.2 is with nominal diameter 22mm's
Reinforcement fabrication.The reinforcement fabrication of the nominal diameter 16mm of grid platform 3.1, and grid mesh is not less than 50mm.
More nutrition level artificial marine habitats provided by the invention are suitble to launch in the waters depth of water 10-15m, to promote algae raw
Long, the depth of water locating for top layer does not influence the normal pass of small boat preferably within the scope of euphotic layer.For the life for giving full play to reefs
State property energy, the positioning of Ying Caiyong monomer are launched, and keep certain distance between fish shelter monomer, can not poly- heap dispensing.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art
Those of ordinary skill, within the essential scope of the present invention, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made also should belong to this hair
Bright protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of more nutrition level artificial marine habitats, including artificial marine habitat body, which is characterized in that the artificial marine habitat body is under
It is divided into precious marine product proliferative zone, fish conservation layer and algae adhesive layer on and；The precious marine product proliferative zone is truncated rectangular pyramids, described
Truncated rectangular pyramids are solid, and the truncated rectangular pyramids bottom surface is square, and it is vertical to be evenly distributed with several in the inside of the truncated rectangular pyramids
Through-hole；The fish conservation layer is tetragonal body hollow structure；The algae adhesive layer is multi-layer net platform, the fish
Conservation layer is fixed on precious marine product proliferative zone, and the algae adhesive layer is fixed on fish conservation layer.
2. more nutrition level artificial marine habitats described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the fish conservation layer includes four directions
4 trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vanes are arranged in the inside of the tetragonal body frame, by 4 trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vanes in body frame and top plate
The halfpace structure for forming top and internal hollow out, is each provided with circular through hole on every trapezoidal upper up-flow guide vane；In tetragonal body
The top plate is arranged in the top of frame, and respectively there is a rectangular solid plate in the quadrangle of the top plate, and the rectangular solid plate is as algae
Attaching frame mounting plate is connected with arm support between four algae attaching frame mounting plates.
3. according to right want 2 described in more nutrition level artificial marine habitats, which is characterized in that the algae adhesive layer includes grid
Platform and support frame, several described grid platform gauges are fixed on support frame as described above, four algae attachment of the top plate
The algae adhesive layer is respectively fixed by support frame as described above on frame mounting plate.
4. according to the described in any item more nutrition level artificial marine habitats of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the precious marine product increases
It grows layer and fish conservation layer is symmetrical integral structure made of being poured with Reinforced Concrete Materials respectively.
5. according to the described in any item more nutrition level artificial marine habitats of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that supported in the fish
A hanging ring is respectively arranged in the quadrangle of the top plate of sheath；Several metals or tying-up are welded on the grid platform of the algae adhesive layer
Rope tool.
6. more nutrition level artificial marine habitats according to claim 4, which is characterized in that on the top of the fish conservation layer
A hanging ring is respectively arranged in the quadrangle of plate；Several metals or tying-up rope tool are welded on the grid platform of the algae adhesive layer.
7. according to right want 3 described in more nutrition level artificial marine habitats, which is characterized in that the support frame nominal diameter
The reinforcement fabrication of 22mm, the reinforcement fabrication of grid platform nominal diameter 16mm, and grid mesh are not less than 50mm.
8. according to the described in any item more nutrition level artificial marine habitats of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the truncated rectangular pyramids
Bottom surface side length is not less than 5000mm, and the height of truncated rectangular pyramids is 500-1200mm, rib body angle 45o-90o；The vertical through hole is straight
Diameter is 300-500mm, and the spacing of vertical through hole is 100-150mm, the outer of outermost vertical through hole to the truncated rectangular pyramids
The distance at the upper nearest edge of plane is not less than 200mm.
9. more nutrition level artificial marine habitats according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the bottom surface side length of the truncated rectangular pyramids
Not less than 5000mm, the height of truncated rectangular pyramids is 500-1200mm, rib body angle 45o-90o；The vertical through hole diameter is 300-
500mm, the spacing of vertical through hole are 100-150mm, and the upper plane of the outer of outermost vertical through hole to the truncated rectangular pyramids is most
The distance near side (ns) edge is not less than 200mm.
10. wanting more nutrition level artificial marine habitats described in 3 or 7 according to right, which is characterized in that the length of the tetragonal body frame
Wide size is identical as the upper plane length and width dimensions of the truncated rectangular pyramids, and the height of the tetragonal body frame is 200mm, the square
The thickness of shape upper up-flow guide vane is not less than 100mm, and the aperture of the circular through hole on the rectangle upper up-flow guide vane is 200-
300mm；The physical dimension of the top plate is identical as the length and width dimensions of tetragonal body frame, and the top plate thickness is not less than 300mm；Four
The side length of a algae attaching frame mounting plate is 1000mm；The total height of the algae adhesive layer is 600-1500mm, institute
The spacing for stating support frame is 700-900mm, and the spacing of each layer grid platform is 300-500mm, and grid mesh is not less than 50mm.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110521657A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-03 | 大连市水产研究所 | A kind of fish gathering type aquaculture fish shelter and its application method |
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Application publication date: 20190621 |