CN106719187A - A kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method and device - Google Patents
A kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106719187A CN106719187A CN201611095510.7A CN201611095510A CN106719187A CN 106719187 A CN106719187 A CN 106719187A CN 201611095510 A CN201611095510 A CN 201611095510A CN 106719187 A CN106719187 A CN 106719187A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of shellfish culture, and in particular to a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method and device.The present invention breaches the limitation that traditional Patinopecten yessoensis buoyant raft, bottom broadcast the aquaculture model of propagation, cultivation cage is organically combined with aquiculture mesh cage, it is assembled into seabed frame unit structure, design and develop new Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility aquaculture model, effectively using bottom culture space, evade the enemies such as accomplished lady worm, realized scallop high density, three-dimensional integrated culture, improve cultivation efficiency；Cultivation cage is assembled by metal material, replaceable after assembling is flexible, convenient disassembly, and component is damaged, and saves material storage place, reduces aquaculture cost；Carry out bottom culture cage fixed point with breeding ship to lay, reclaiming ship carries out assigned spot recovery, and realization precisely lays, precisely fish for, while avoid scallop bottom sowing culture sea area utilization rate low, the problems such as environments such as subsea destruction is serious, and cultivation stability is improved, and is conducive to scallop industry sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of shellfish culture, and in particular to a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method and device
Research and development and application.
Background technology
China is world aquaculture big country, and aquaculture product yield in 2014 accounts for the whole nation then up to 4748.41 ten thousand tons
The 73.49% of aquatic products total output, accounts for 70% or so of world's aquaculture product total output.Culture fishery it is fast-developing with set
The development and induced effect for applying culture fishery are undivided.Facility culture fishery is the one of modern aquaculture industry development
Individual Main way and important channel, with saving land, economize on water, energy-conservation, highly efficient and productive and controllable advantage, represent a country
Fishery scientific and technological level, is the inexorable trend of modern aquaculture industry development.
Scallop is that scallop belongs to generation of bivalve and claims, and there are about more than 400 kinds.Wherein northern China scallop culture is main
It is the important culturing economic kind of China including Patinopecten yessoensis, Chlamys farreri, bay scallop, Atlantic Ocean deep water shellfish etc..Broadcast increasing in bottom
Grow with raft culture be scallop culture Main Patterns, but in recent years, due to cultivating the overdistension of scale, breeding environment is continuous
Change, scallop culture, particularly two age shellfishes cultivation massive mortality turns into Patinopecten yessoensis aquaculture urgent need to solve the problem.For
This, develops a kind of new model for being suitable for the cultivation of Patinopecten yessoensis two ages shellfish as the need for industry development.
The present invention combines two kinds of breeding facilities of detachable metal framework and scallop cage, carries out the cultivation of scallop submarine facility
Mode exploration, has started brand-new submarine facility aquaculture model, and it is low to efficiently solve scallop suspended longline farming survival rate, cultivation operation
It is cumbersome；The bottom culture rate of recapture is low, breeding environment by substrate influenceed greatly, accomplished lady worm harm it is big the problems such as, realize it is intensive efficiently
Cultivation.
The content of the invention
High to solve traditional Patinopecten yessoensis suspended longline farming death rate, it is low that the propagation rate of recapture is broadcast at bottom, artificial, fuel consumption cost
Greatly, the enemy such as accomplished lady worm endangers the problem such as big, and the present invention provides a kind of scallop submarine facility cultural method and device, carries out scallop
Into the cultivation of shellfish stereo synthesis.
The technical scheme is that a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method and device, the cultivation apparatus use warp
The metal framework of preservative treatment forms cultivation cage as support, and whole cultivation cage can be dismantled freely, breeding cage top of the trellis and
Bottom is correspondingly arranged aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre, between aquiculture mesh cage is individually fixed in into corresponding connection suspension centre, on aquiculture mesh cage
Lower two ends are fixed, it is to avoid aquiculture mesh cage is acutely rocked in water, is conducive to the vegetative activity of Patinopecten yessoensis；Breeding cage top of the trellis
Corner sets cultivation cage lowering suspension centre.
Described cultivation cage is metal framework, and appearance carries out zinc-plated, prevents from corroding it under the conditions of sea-farming,
Cultivation cage stability, rigidity is caused to decline.
Described whole cultivation cage can be dismantled freely, cultivation cage can freely dismantle part assembling using buckle or
Screw, nut connection, easy to disassemble and installation are detachably deposited after cultivation cage use, reduce space hold.
Described cultivation cage is tetragonal body structure, and the cultivation pin of cage floor four sets up anti-depression structure, prevents breeding cage
Frame cloth is placed on the softer mariculture area of substrate and becomes silted up and bury.
Described aquiculture mesh cage is polyethylene lead for retractable pencil cylinder mould.
Described breeding cage top of the trellis and bottom are correspondingly arranged aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre, according to aquiculture mesh cage size, adjust
It is whole to hang up hoisting point position and quantity, aquiculture mesh cage is uniformly laid in cultivation cage.
The method for carrying out Patinopecten yessoensis bottom culture using above-mentioned Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultivation apparatus, its step is such as
Under：
（1）Cultivation cage assembling
Assembling cultivation cage, cultivation cage is connected using buckle or screw, nut, in breeding cage top of the trellis and bottom
Aquiculture mesh cage is fixed between the aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre being correspondingly arranged, more than 2.5 centimetres high of scallop seed of shell is put into cultivation
In cylinder mould, according to breeding environment condition, it is 300-500 pieces/cubic metre to control scallop culture density.
（2）Cultivation cage lays
Annual April in spring or November in autumn, in weather with no wind, no waves, using cultivation cloth undock it is micro- lead positioning, determine breeding cage
Frame placement, connects cultivation cage lowering suspension centre and is vertically hung using crane, realizes that seabed precisely lays, it is ensured that support
Grow cage and reach steady, four angles setting anti-depression structures of cultivation cage floor behind seabed, prevent cultivation cage from laying cultivation sea
Area's substrate is softer and sinking silt is buried.
（3）Aquaculture management
Cultivation cage is laid to after the seabed of mariculture area, and one week interior to carry out laying validity check, prevent because placement, substrate,
The conditions such as ocean current and cause to incline, turn on one's side；After cultivation cage laid for 1.5 anniversaries, culture efficiency inspection is carried out, if reaching market pin
Commercial specification is sold, directly cultivation cage is taken out from mariculture area lifting, cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis carries out into shellfish sale, if not up to business
Product specification can continue cultivation, until forming commercial specification into shellfish.
（4）Harvest
After cultured scallop reaches commercial specification, reclaiming ship fixed point using cultivation carries out cultivation cage recovery, and cultured scallop is harvested；Support
Cylinder mould is grown by being taken off on cultivation cage, is carried out except dirty treatment；Cultivation cage carries out demolition and maintenance in case next cycle uses.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention enters for the aquaculture model that propagation is broadcast at traditional Patinopecten yessoensis buoyant raft, bottom
The row system reform, by the use of metal framework as cultivation cage, cultivation cage is organically combined with aquiculture mesh cage, is assembled into seabed and is supported
Cage type cellular construction is grown, new Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility aquaculture model is designed and developed, effectively using bottom culture space, rule
The enemies such as accomplished lady worm have been kept away, scallop high density, three-dimensional integrated culture has been realized, cultivation efficiency has been improve；Cultivation cage is by metal
Material is assembled, replaceable after assembling is flexible, convenient disassembly, and component is damaged, and saves material storage place, and reduction is cultivated into
This；Carry out bottom culture cage fixed point with breeding ship to lay, reclaiming ship carries out assigned spot recovery, and realization precisely lays, precisely fishes for,
Avoid scallop bottom sowing culture sea area utilization rate low simultaneously, the end of the year long broadcasts trawlnet, the problems such as environments such as subsea destruction is serious, and cultivation is steady
Qualitative raising, is a kind of scallop efficient facility culture model, is conducive to scallop industry sustainable development.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
In figure：1st, cage is cultivated, 2, aquiculture mesh cage, 3, aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre, 4, cultivation cage lowering suspension centre, 5, anti-depression
Structure 5.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
By taking the annual Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility culture experiment of applicant 2014-2016 as an example, technical solution of the present invention is carried out
Elaborate.
In November, 2014, the Patinopecten yessoensis three-level seedling of 3.88 centimetres high of the average shell bred with Daliang City Changhai County Zhangzi Islands China
It is experiment material to plant, and carries out submarine facility Patinopecten yessoensis and forms experiment.As shown in figure 1, the cultivation apparatus for using are at through anti-corrosion
The metal framework of the tetragonal body structure of reason forms cultivation cage 1 as support, and whole cultivation cage 1 can be dismantled freely, breeding cage
The top and bottom of frame 1 are correspondingly arranged aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre 3, and the experiment cultivation specification of cage 1 is 2m*2m*1.7m；Use net
Eye for 2.0cm, the lead for retractable pencil cylinder mould of a diameter of 50cm as Patinopecten yessoensis three-level seed container containing aquiculture mesh cage 2, by culturing net
Between cage 2 is individually fixed in corresponding aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre 3, the upper and lower ends of aquiculture mesh cage 2 are fixed, it is to avoid aquiculture mesh cage 2
Acutely rocked in water, be conducive to the vegetative activity of Patinopecten yessoensis；Each uniform laying of cultivation cage 1 keeps hanging 16 aquiculture mesh cages
2, it is 7 layers that each aquiculture mesh cage 2 can cultivate the seed number of plies, and every layer lays 30 pieces of Patinopecten yessoensis three-level seed, the top of cultivation cage 1
Corner sets cultivation cage lowering suspension centre 4.
In weather with no wind, no waves, using cultivation cloth undock it is micro- lead positioning, it is determined that cultivating the placement of cage 1, use lifting
Machine connection cultivation cage lowering suspension centre 4 is vertically hung, and cultivation cage 1 is precisely laid to aquaculture sea area seabed, it is ensured that support
Grow cage 1 and reach steady behind seabed, cultivation cage 1 bottom four angle sets anti-depression structure 5, prevents cultivation cage from laying cultivation
Sea area substrate is softer and sinking silt is buried.
After the cultivation cloth of cage 1 is put into mariculture area seabed, one week interior to carry out laying validity check, prevent because placement,
The conditions such as substrate, ocean current and cause to incline, turn on one's side；Formed 5 months by seabed, in April, 2015, spot-check single cultivation cage
Patinopecten yessoensis seed growing state in 1, Patinopecten yessoensis seed is compared with period shell increase 0.86cm high, growth rate is initially laid
22.16%；During seabed is formed, weed survival rate is 80.5%, suspended longline farming in more identical culturing time, and shell high growth rate is improved
8%, survival rate improves 29.8%.Patinopecten yessoensis seabed cage type forms experiment effect preferably, and cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis grows and survives
Proterties is all significantly increased, and refers to table 1.
Table 1 cultivates Patinopecten yessoensis Seedling production situation statistical form in 5 months single breeding cage framves
Embodiment 2
In April, 2015, carry out second lot Patinopecten yessoensis seabed and form experiment.
This is experiment material, its initial a height of 5.35cm of shell, using same as Example 1 using Patinopecten yessoensis one age shellfish
Cultivation cage 1 and aquiculture mesh cage 2, each cultivation uniform laying of cage 1 keeps hanging 16 aquiculture mesh cages 2, and each aquiculture mesh cage 2 can
The cultivation seed number of plies is 7 layers, and every layer lays 20 pieces of Patinopecten yessoensis one age spat kind.
After the cultivation accurate cloth of cage 1 is put into mariculture area seabed, formed within 1 year through seabed, in April, 2016, random sampling
Investigation Patinopecten yessoensis forms situation, and its result is the average shell Seedling height of Patinopecten yessoensis to 7.43cm, scallop bottom culture growth rate
It is 38.88%, breeding survival rate is 57.14%, bottom in identical culturing time is above in terms of the speed of growth and survival rate and broadcasts increasing
Grow and form, growth rate is high by 17%, survival rate is high by 15%, overall culture efficiency preferably, refers to table 2.
Table 2 cultivates Patinopecten yessoensis Seedling production situation statistical form in 1 year single cultivation cage
The present invention carries out the system reform for Zhangzi Islands China precious marine product buoyant raft, bottom sowing culture pattern, and seabed sets cultivation list after transformation
Individual breeding cage rack device can 2240 pieces of cultured scallop large size seedling seed, average every cubic metre of 373 pieces of cultured scallop can obtain after forming
Finished product Patinopecten yessoensis weight about 100kg is obtained, according to the 30 yuan of calculating of market price per kilogram scallop, single breeding cage rack device can be obtained
Obtain 3000 yuan of income.And about 1000 yuan or so of its production cost of single breeding cage rack device, cultivate cage and can be recycled two
In the individual cycle, the costs such as seed cost, human and material resources are deducted, single breeding cage sets up and applies unit period（I.e. 1.5 years）Earning rate can
Up to 50%, cultivation efficiency and earning rate are higher.
The present invention realizes the high-efficient solid cultivation of scallop seabed by designing new Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility aquaculture model.
Invention can be widely applied in northern China scallop submarine facility cultivation project, can be also used for other scallop kinds, Ru great Xi
Foreign deep water shellfish etc., culture efficiency preferably, can effectively prevent the invasion and attack of accomplished lady worm, and survival rate is high；The present invention can effectively using sea
Area's condition carries out layer stereo cultivation, and cultivation stability is higher, it is easy to fish, while avoiding scallop bottom sowing culture sea area from utilizing
Rate is low, and the end of the year long broadcasts trawlnet, is a kind of scallop efficient facility culture model the problems such as environmental disruption is serious.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method and device, it is characterised in that the cultivation apparatus are used through preservative treatment
Metal framework form cultivation cage as support, whole cultivation cage can be dismantled freely, and breeding cage top of the trellis is corresponding with bottom
Aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre is set, between aquiculture mesh cage is individually fixed in into corresponding connection suspension centre；Breeding cage top of the trellis corner sets
Put cage lowering suspension centre.
2. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that described
Cultivation cage is metal framework, and appearance carries out zinc-plated treatment.
3. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that described
Whole cultivation cage can be dismantled freely, and had by oneself the dismounting part assembling for cultivating cage is connected using buckle or screw-nut,
Easy to disassemble and installation, detachably deposits after cultivation cage use, reduces space hold.
4. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that described
Cultivation cage be tetragonal body structure, cultivation the pin of cage floor four set up anti-depression structure, prevent cultivation cage lay substrate compared with
Soft mariculture area and become silted up and bury.
5. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that described
Aquiculture mesh cage is polyethylene lead for retractable pencil cylinder mould.
6. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultural method according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that described
Breeding cage top of the trellis and bottom are correspondingly arranged aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre, and according to aquiculture mesh cage size, adjustment hangs up hoisting point position
And quantity, aquiculture mesh cage is uniformly laid in cultivation cage.
7. a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis submarine facility cultivation apparatus described in usage right requirement 1 carry out the side of Patinopecten yessoensis bottom culture
Method, its step is as follows：
（1）Cultivation cage assembling
Assembling cultivation cage, cultivation cage is connected using buckle or screw-nut, in breeding cage top of the trellis and bottom
Aquiculture mesh cage is fixed between the aquiculture mesh cage connection suspension centre being correspondingly arranged, more than 2.5 centimetres high of scallop seed of shell is put into cultivation
In cylinder mould, according to breeding environment condition, it is 300-500 pieces/cubic metre to control scallop culture density；
（2）Cultivation cage lays
Annual April in spring or November in autumn, in weather with no wind, no waves, using cultivation cloth undock it is micro- lead positioning, determine breeding cage
Frame placement, connects cultivation cage lowering suspension centre and is vertically hung using crane, realizes that seabed precisely lays, it is ensured that support
Grow cage and reach steady, four angles setting anti-depression structures of cultivation cage floor behind seabed, prevent cultivation cage from laying cultivation sea
Area's substrate is softer and sinking silt is buried；
（3）Aquaculture management
Cultivation cage is laid to after the seabed of mariculture area, and one week interior to carry out laying validity check, prevent because placement, substrate,
The conditions such as ocean current and cause to incline, turn on one's side；After cultivation cage laid for 1.5 anniversaries, culture efficiency inspection is carried out, if reaching market pin
Commercial specification is sold, directly cultivation cage is taken out from mariculture area lifting, cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis carries out into shellfish sale, if not up to business
Product specification can continue cultivation, until forming commercial specification into shellfish；
（4）Harvest
After cultured scallop reaches commercial specification, reclaiming ship fixed point using cultivation carries out cultivation cage recovery, and cultured scallop is harvested；Support
Cylinder mould is grown by being taken off on cultivation cage, is carried out except dirty treatment；Cultivation cage carries out demolition and maintenance in case next cycle uses.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107372239A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-24 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of method of Babylonia areolata (Lamarck) layer stereo cultivation |
| CN107711637A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-02-23 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | A kind of device and its cultural method of bottom culture Patinopecten yessoensis |
| CN109479800A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | It is a kind of can lamination efficient industrial cultivation porous shrimp nest |
| CN110583544A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-20 | 大连市水产研究所 | Scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device and use method thereof |
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