CN110583544B - Scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/73—Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture. The bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device for the scallop and the stichopus japonicus comprises a multilayer three-dimensional support frame and a culture box, wherein the multilayer three-dimensional support frame is provided with a quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base and a cuboid frame, a plurality of layers of horizontal groove track layers are arranged in the cuboid frame, the scallop or the stichopus japonicus can be placed in a culture net and in the horizontal groove track, a fence is arranged to fix a culture basket, after the scallop or the stichopus japonicus is thrown to the seabed, excrement and humus after death of the scallop cultured on the upper layer are settled down and enter the bottom layer culture basket to become food of the stichopus japonicus, and the effect of ecological comprehensive culture is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
There are about more than 400 species of scallop. More than 60 of them are important marine fishery resources around the world. The shell and meat of the scallop have extremely high utilization value and economic value. The scallop meat is delicious and rich in nutrition, and the adductor muscle of the scallop is dried to be 'dried scallop', which is listed as one of eight delicacies. At present, the main scallop culture varieties in the north of China comprise Japanese scallops, chlamys farreri and bay scallops, and the main scallop culture variety in the south of China is chlamys nobilis. The yield of the yessoensis cultured in the north Huanghai sea area is up to 15 ten thousand tons/year. The scallop breeding method has great economic and social benefits. At present, the main methods for scallop cultivation comprise seawater middle-upper layer raft cultivation and seabed bottom sowing and breeding.
The upper layer raft culture is to put the scallop seedlings into a polyethylene culture net cage and then hang the scallop seedlings on a culture raft frame for culture, although the method is widely adopted, the method also has a plurality of defects: (1) the water temperature and the water chemical environment of the middle and upper water areas fluctuate greatly, and the scallop cultivation is easily influenced by factors such as high temperature, pollution and the like, so that the cultivation risk is greatly increased. (2) Raft culture can only be used for middle and upper water areas, and has low utilization rate for bottom water areas. (3) In the traditional culture network, a main frame is wrapped by a mesh or a mesh screen made of polyethylene material to form a closed cage space, and scallops are placed in a cage for culture. The defects of the mesh cage are 1) that the manufacturing process is relatively complex, and a large amount of time is consumed when the scallops are inverted and separated. 2) The net knot of the polyethylene net sheet is easily attached by attaching organisms such as mussels, talent bugs and the like, thereby hindering the exchange of seawater inside and outside the net cage and influencing the growth of scallops. 3) Because the peripheral netting is a flexible body, the netting is difficult to clean after being attached by enemy organisms and is usually abandoned after being blocked, thus becoming a land environmental pollution source.
The bottom sowing culture is to directly spread scallop seedlings to a proper culture water area for culture. The method has the disadvantages of more harmful organisms, serious invasion, low survival rate, high difficulty in catching, and the like. Therefore, the selection of a culture device which can provide a good-quality growth environment for the scallops and has high cost performance and strong operability is a prerequisite for high yield and income increase of scallop culture.
At present, sea cucumber bottom sowing culture is to put sea cucumber seedlings into a seabed water area with proper substrate and rich algae to grow in a natural sea area, and then fishing is carried out after the sea cucumber seedlings reach a fishing specification. However, sea cucumbers are generally harvested by divers after the sea cucumbers grow, and due to the living habits of the sea cucumbers and the shielding of seabed reefs and the like, the harvesting difficulty is high, the cost is high, the recapture rate is low, and the labor intensity is high. The method puts the sea cucumber seedlings into the cultivation net basket for cultivation, can improve the recapture efficiency, reduce the difficulty of harvesting and catching, and reduce the labor intensity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a comprehensive ecological three-dimensional culture mode for the bottom layer of the scallop, provides a novel scallop culture basket, not only improves the utilization rate of a culture sea area, but also can overcome the defect that the culture of the scallop at the middle and upper layers is easily influenced by factors such as high temperature, pollution and the like, improves the working efficiency and improves the culture yield of the scallop. Effectively improves the economic benefit and the ecological benefit of scallop culture.
The invention provides a scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device, which comprises a plurality of layers of three-dimensional support frames and culture baskets, wherein each layer of three-dimensional support frame comprises a quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1, four corners of the top surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 are respectively provided with a support frame A2, a support frame B3, a support frame C4 and a support frame D5 which are vertical to the top surface, a cuboid frame without a top edge is formed, a horizontal groove track a 6 is arranged between the top ends of the support frame A2 and the support frame B3, a horizontal groove track B7 is arranged between the top ends of the support frame B3 and the support frame C4, a horizontal groove track C8 is arranged between the top ends of the support frame A2 and the support frame D5, the horizontal groove track C8, the horizontal groove track a 6 and the horizontal groove track B7 are sequentially connected to form a horizontal groove track layer, a plurality of horizontal groove track layers are arranged in the vertical direction to form a horizontal groove track group, the horizontal groove track group is positioned on the inner side of the cuboid frame, the opening horizontally faces the inner side of the cuboid frame, the horizontal groove track layer is composed of an upper layer of inequilateral angle steel and a lower layer of inequilateral angle steel with opposite right-angle openings, the short edge of the inequilateral angle steel is positioned on the side surface of the cuboid frame, the support frame C4 and the support frame D5 are provided with vertical groove tracks 9, the vertical groove tracks 9 are positioned on the outer side of the cuboid frame and have opposite openings, the side surface of the vertical groove track 9 close to one side of the cuboid frame is removed, the side surface of the vertical groove track 9 far away from one side of the cuboid frame is provided with an opening 10, the opening 10 and the horizontal groove track layer are oppositely arranged on the same horizontal position, and movable barriers 12 with corresponding sizes are arranged in the grooves of the vertical groove tracks 9; the cultivation basket is of a horizontal cuboid structure with a grid net 14 on the surface, the top surface of the cultivation basket is a foldable basket cover 15, a plurality of grid partition plates 16 vertical to the horizontal plane are arranged in the cultivation basket, and the grid partition plates 16 are crossed in the cultivation basket to form small chambers.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, support frame A2, support frame B3, support frame C4 and support frame D5 bottom extend to four prismatic table shape frame base 1 inside and until the bottom surface, and the welding has the screw-thread steel pole between four support frame bottoms, and the welding has the screw-thread steel pole between 1 bottom four corners of four prismatic table shape frame base and the corresponding support frame, and horizontal welding has a plurality of screw-thread steel poles between 1 adjacent arrises of four prismatic table shape frame base, and the welding of the oblique diagonal angle in 1 side of four prismatic table shape frame base has the screw-thread steel pole, the contained angle of the arris of four prismatic table shape frame base 1 and bottom surface is 30, and four prismatic table shape frame base 1 is inside to be filled with the stone.
Further, in the above technical solution, the support frame A2, the support frame B3, the support frame C4 and the support frame D5 are angle iron support rods; the horizontal groove track group is made of 16/10 type inequilateral angle steel, the long edge of the angle steel is 16cm, the short edge of the angle steel is 10cm, the thickness of the angle steel is 1cm, the outer side of the short edge of the angle steel is welded with the supporting rod, the right-angle openings of the two groups of angle steel are opposite, and the right-angle distance is 33cm, so that groove-shaped tracks are formed.
Further, in the above technical solution, the specification of the gap 10 is greater than 1cm of the distance between the upper and lower layers of inequilateral angle steel of the horizontal groove track layer.
Further, in the technical scheme, the distance between each layer of horizontal groove track layer is equal, the distance between the upper layer of inequilateral angle steel and the lower layer of inequilateral angle steel of each layer of horizontal groove track layer is equal to the height of the culture basket, and the distance between the two adjacent layers of horizontal groove track layers is 10 cm; the horizontal groove track group at least comprises two horizontal groove track layers, and the horizontal groove track layer at the bottommost end is positioned on the upper surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1.
Furthermore, among the above technical scheme, the lateral surface of the rectangular parallelepiped frame having one side of the horizontal groove track is provided with a diagonal brace 11, the diagonal brace 11 is made of steel, and a zinc sheet is welded on the surface of the diagonal brace 11.
Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the barrier 12 is a rectangular frame with a shape like a Chinese character mi, the top end of the barrier 12 is provided with a handle 13, and the barrier 12 and the handle 12 are made of stainless steel.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, the grating partition plates 16 are connected with the cultivation basket frame through the binding belts 19, the two adjacent grating nets 14 on the surface of the cultivation basket are connected through the binding belts 19, the binding belts 19 are made of plastic, the horizontal steel rods 17 are arranged outside the grating nets 14 on one side surface of the cultivation basket, and two ends of each steel rod 17 are connected with two ends of the cable 18.
Further, in the above technical solution, the grid net 14 is an engineering bidirectional plastic geogrid net, the mesh size on the grid net 14 is a rectangular mesh of 40mm × 50mm, and the thickness of the grid partition plate 16 is 25 cm.
The invention also provides a use method of the scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device, which comprises the following steps: filling stones into a quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base of the scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device, putting the stichopus japonicus into a small cavity of a culture basket, covering a net basket cover, and putting the stichopus japonicus into a horizontal groove track layer at the bottom layer; putting scallops into a small cavity of a culture basket, covering a mesh basket cover, putting the scallops into a horizontal groove track layer and positioned on the upper layer of the culture basket for culturing the stichopus japonicus, and putting a barrier into a vertical groove track after scallop seedlings and stichopus japonicus seedlings are all placed in the horizontal groove track layer, so that the culture basket is fixed inside a multi-layer three-dimensional support frame; putting the culture device into a culture sea area with the water temperature of the bottom layer of 0-23 ℃, the salinity of 27-35, the water depth of 10-25 m and the sediment of silt and gravel for culture; after the cultivation is finished, the cultivation device is fished, the cultivation organisms are harvested, and the cultivation basket can be reused after being washed by a high-pressure water gun at high pressure.
Advantageous effects of the invention
(1) The bottom layer of the three-dimensional support frame is provided with the quadrangular pyramid base made of the steel bars, and the base is filled with the stones, so that on one hand, the stability of the frame can be improved, on the other hand, the stones filled in the frame can provide good habitat for precious sea products such as sea cucumbers, abalones and the like, and a trapping effect is achieved; the frame surface welding has the diagonal brace, can the stormy waves of anti-wind, and the diagonal brace surface welding has the zinc sheet, can prevent the corruption.
(2) After scallop seedlings are filled into the cultivation net basket, the cultivation net basket cover is directly pushed into the supporting frame along the rail, stainless steel barriers are pulled open during harvesting, the net basket dragging mooring rope is dragged to directly pull out the cultivation net basket from the rail and pour out the scallops, complex processes of sealing and unsealing the net basket are omitted, and labor and production cost are greatly saved.
(3) The plastic geogrid is made by adding anti-aging materials into Polyacrylamide (PAM), and the material has the characteristics of no toxicity, light weight, excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, so that the cultivation net frame can be durable in seawater for a long time, and the net basket can be repeatedly utilized, thereby saving the production cost.
(4) The culture basket is made of plastic, has a smooth surface, and can effectively reduce the attachment rate of attached organisms such as mussels, talents and girls, and the like, thereby preventing the net basket from being blocked.
(5) Because the mechanical strength of the material for manufacturing the culture basket is excellent, the net basket can be directly washed by a high-pressure water gun, the cleaning efficiency of the net basket is greatly improved, and the labor cost is reduced.
(6) The horizontal groove track layer of the multi-layer three-dimensional support frame is made of unequal angle steel, so that the slip of the culture box can be effectively prevented, the culture box can be matched with the culture box with the water through holes for use, the water body exchange inside and outside the culture basket is enhanced, nutrient substances required by scallop growth are ensured, and the culture yield is improved.
(7) The interior of the culture basket is divided into small chambers, which is beneficial to controlling the culture density and preventing the self-residual phenomena of scallop shell biting and the like caused by overhigh culture density.
(8) According to the invention, at least two culture layers can also be sequentially provided with scallop seedlings and stichopus japonicus seedlings from top to bottom, and according to the size of the stichopus japonicus seedlings, the mesh is wrapped on the periphery of the culture basket and then pushed into the track. Therefore, excrement of the upper layer scallop cultivation and humus of dead scallops settle down and enter the bottom layer cultivation basket to become the food of stichopus japonicus, and the ecological comprehensive cultivation effect is achieved.
(9) The invention is a bottom layer three-dimensional culture, fully utilizes the bottom layer sea area to culture the shellfish and improves the unit output of the culture sea area.
(10) The culture method disclosed by the invention is used for culturing on the seabed, the chemical environment of the seabed water and the culture water is relatively stable, the influence of the scallop on disturbance such as high temperature and pollution is small, the risks of high-temperature death, pollution death and the like of the scallop are reduced, and the culture risk is reduced.
(11) The culture method is to put the seedlings into the culture basket for culture, effectively reduces the predation of enemy organisms to the scallops and the stichopus japonicus and the escape rate of the scallops, improves the culture rate of the scallops and further improves the economic benefit of the culture.
(12) The facility can be used for carrying out cultivation activities in a sea area with the water depth of 10-25 m, and has wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a multilayer three-dimensional support frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the barrier of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the invented basket.
In the figure, 1, a quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base; 2. a support frame A; 3. a support frame B; 4. a support frame C; 5. a support frame D; 6. a horizontal slot track a; 7. a horizontal slot track b; 8. a horizontal slot track c; 9. a vertical grooved rail; 10. opening the gap; 11. a diagonal brace; 12. a barrier; 13. a handle; 14. a grid net; 15. a basket cover; 16. a grid partition plate; 17. a steel rod; 18. a cable; 19. and (6) binding the belt.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples will allow one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1-3, a scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device is composed of two parts, namely a multilayer three-dimensional support frame and a culture basket.
The multilayer three-dimensional support frame comprises a quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1, the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 is made of thread steel materials, the length of the upper surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 is 205cm, the width of the upper surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 is 155cm, the width of the upper surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base is 200cm, the four corners of the top surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 are respectively provided with a support frame A2, a support frame B3, a support frame C4 and a support frame D5 which are vertical to the top surface, a cuboid frame without a top edge is formed, the heights of the support frame A2, the support frame B3, the support frame C4 and the support frame D5 are all 180cm, a horizontal groove track a 6 is arranged between the top ends of the support frame A2 and the support frame B3, a horizontal groove track B7 is arranged between the top ends of the support frame B3 and the support frame C4, a horizontal groove track C8 is arranged between the top ends of the support frame A2 and the support frame D5, the horizontal groove track C8, the horizontal groove track a 6 and the horizontal groove track b 7 are sequentially connected to form a horizontal groove track layer, a plurality of horizontal groove track layers are arranged in the vertical direction to form a horizontal groove track group, the horizontal groove track group is positioned on the inner side of the cuboid frame, the opening level faces towards the inner side of the cuboid frame, the horizontal groove track layer consists of an upper layer of inequilateral angle steel and a lower layer of inequilateral angle steel, the short sides of the inequilateral angle steel are positioned on the side surface of the cuboid frame, the vertical groove track 9 is positioned on the outer side of the cuboid frame, the opening is opposite, the side surface of the vertical groove track 9 close to one side of the cuboid frame is removed, the side surface of the vertical groove track 9 far away from one side of the cuboid frame is provided with an opening 10, and the opening 10 and the horizontal groove track layers are oppositely arranged on the same horizontal position, movable barriers 12 with corresponding sizes are arranged in the grooves of the vertical groove track 9; the cultivation basket is of a horizontal cuboid structure with a grid net 14 on the surface, the grid plate 14 is an engineering bidirectional plastic geogrid net, the mesh specification of the grid net 14 is rectangular meshes of 40mm multiplied by 50mm, the specification of the cultivation basket is 200cm multiplied by 150cm multiplied by 30cm, the top surface of the cultivation basket is a mesh basket cover 15 capable of being opened and closed, the inside of the cultivation basket is intersected and divided into 12 small chambers of 50cm multiplied by 50cm by a grid dividing plate 16 perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the thickness of the grid dividing plate 16 is 25cm, the bottoms of a support frame A2, a support frame B3, a support frame C4 and a support frame D5 extend to the inside of a quadrangular frustum-shaped frame base 1 and reach the bottom surface, threaded steel rods are welded between the bottoms of four support frames, threaded steel rods are welded between the four corners of the bottom of the quadrangular frustum-shaped frame base 1 and the corresponding support frames, a plurality of threaded steel rods are horizontally welded between the adjacent sides of the quadrangular frustum-shaped frame base 1, the side surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 is obliquely and diagonally welded with a threaded steel rod, the included angle between the side edge of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1 and the bottom surface is 30 degrees, stones are filled in the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base 1, the transverse, vertical and oblique threaded steel rods welded in the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base can enhance the stability and strength of the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base, and stones are filled in the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base so as to provide a good inhabitation environment for sea cucumbers and the like; the support frame A2, the support frame B3, the support frame C4 and the support frame D5 are angle iron support rods; the horizontal groove track group is made of 16/10 type unequal-side angle steel, the long side of the angle steel is 16cm, the short side of the angle steel is 10cm, the thickness of the angle steel is 1cm, the outer side of the short side of the angle steel is welded with the supporting rod, the right-angle openings of the two groups of angle steel are opposite, the distance between the right angles is 33cm, a groove-shaped track is formed, the specification of the notch 10 is that the distance between the upper layer of unequal-side angle steel and the lower layer of unequal-side angle steel of the horizontal groove track layer is 1cm, the distance between the horizontal groove track layers of each layer is equal, the distance between the upper layer of unequal-side angle steel and the lower layer of unequal-side angle steel of each layer is equal to the height of the culture basket, and the distance between the adjacent two layers of horizontal groove track layers is 10 cm; horizontal groove track group contains five layers of horizontal groove track layers, and the horizontal groove track layer of bottom is located four prismoid shape frame base 1's upper surface, the cuboid frame lateral surface that has horizontal groove track one side is equipped with diagonal reinforcement 11, the diagonal reinforcement 11 material is the steel, the zinc sheet has been welded on diagonal reinforcement 11 surface, the unrestrained intensity of anti-wind that cuboid frame side can be strengthened to setting up of diagonal reinforcement 11, barrier 12 is the inside rectangular frame who is rice font, barrier 12 top is equipped with handle 13, the material of barrier 12 and handle 12 is the stainless steel, grid cut-off board 16 passes through ribbon 19 and breeds basket frame attach, breed and connect with ribbon 19 between two adjacent grid nets 14 in basket surface, the ribbon 19 material is plastics, the grid net 14 of breeding a side is equipped with horizontally steel rod 17 outward, steel rod 17 both ends are connected with hawser 18 both ends.
Example 2
The use method of the scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device comprises the following steps:
when the surface water temperature is higher than 15 ℃ at the beginning of 6 months, stones are filled in the quadrangular frustum pyramid frame base at the bottom of the multilayer three-dimensional support frame, so that a good habitat is provided for sea cucumbers and the like. The stichopus japonicus breeding method comprises the steps of putting stichopus japonicus into small cavities of a breeding basket, putting 3-5 sea cucumber seedlings with the body length of more than 3m into each small cavity, covering a net frame cover of the breeding basket, putting the small cavities into the bottom horizontal groove track layer of a multi-layer cubic support frame, putting scallop first-age shellfish seedlings with the shell height of more than 5mm into the breeding basket, putting 15-20 scallop seedlings into each small cavity of the breeding basket, closing an upper cover of the breeding basket after the scallop seedlings are put into 12 small cavities of each breeding basket, putting the small cavities into a horizontal groove track layer and on the upper layer of the breeding basket for breeding the stichopus japonicus, and putting a stainless steel fence into a vertical groove track after the breeding baskets with the scallop seedlings and the sea cucumber seedlings are placed on the horizontal groove track, so that the breeding basket is completely fixed on a three-dimensional breeding frame. Then the three-dimensional culture device is put into a culture sea area with the water temperature of the bottom layer of 0-23 ℃, the salinity of 27-35, the water depth of 10-25 meters and the sediment of silt and gravel.
And in the next 6 months, the breeding device is hoisted by a winch on the ship, the stainless steel barrier is pulled up, and the breeding basket is pulled out from the track by using the mooring rope and then placed in a reverse buckling manner, so that the harvest of the commercial shellfish can be realized.
After the commercial shellfish is harvested, the high-pressure water gun is used for washing the culture basket at high pressure, after the commercial shellfish is washed, the scallop seedlings and the stichopus japonicus seedlings are put in again, and the next culture period is started for recycling.
The foregoing examples are provided for illustration and description of the invention only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described examples. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device is characterized by comprising a plurality of layers of three-dimensional support frames and culture baskets; the multilayer three-dimensional support frame comprises a quadrangular frustum frame base (1), four corners of the top surface of the quadrangular frustum frame base (1) are respectively provided with a support frame A (2), a support frame B (3), a support frame C (4) and a support frame D (5) which are perpendicular to the top surface, a cuboid frame without a top edge is formed, a horizontal groove track a (6) is arranged between the top ends of the support frame A (2) and the support frame B (3), a horizontal groove track B (7) is arranged between the top ends of the support frame B (3) and the support frame C (4), a horizontal groove track C (8) is arranged between the top ends of the support frame A (2) and the support frame D (5), the horizontal groove track C (8), the horizontal groove track a (6) and the horizontal groove track B (7) are sequentially connected to form a horizontal groove track layer, a plurality of horizontal groove track layers are arranged in the vertical direction to form a horizontal groove track group, the horizontal groove track group is positioned on the inner side of the cuboid frame, the opening horizontally faces the inner side of the cuboid frame, the horizontal groove track layer is composed of an upper layer of inequilateral right-angle steel and a lower layer of inequilateral right-angle steel, the short side of the inequilateral right-angle steel is arranged on the side face of the cuboid frame, the support frame C (4) and the support frame D (5) are provided with vertical groove tracks (9), the vertical groove tracks (9) are positioned on the outer side of the cuboid frame and are opposite in opening, the side face of the vertical groove track (9) close to one side of the cuboid frame is removed, the side face of the vertical groove track (9) far away from one side of the cuboid frame is provided with an opening (10), the opening (10) and the horizontal groove track layer are oppositely arranged on the same horizontal position, and movable barriers (12) with corresponding sizes are arranged in the grooves of the vertical groove tracks (9); the cultivation basket is of a horizontal cuboid structure with a grid net (14) on the surface, the top surface of the cultivation basket is a mesh basket cover (15) which can be opened and closed, a plurality of grid partition plates (16) which are vertical to the horizontal plane are arranged in the cultivation basket, and the grid partition plates (16) are crossed in the cultivation basket to form small chambers; the bottoms of the support frames A (2), the support frames B (3), the support frames C (4) and the support frames D (5) extend into the square-frustum-shaped frame base (1) and reach the bottom surface, threaded steel rods are welded between the bottoms of the four support frames, the threaded steel rods are welded between four corners of the bottom of the square-frustum-shaped frame base (1) and the corresponding support frames, a plurality of threaded steel rods are horizontally welded between adjacent side edges of the square-frustum-shaped frame base (1), the threaded steel rods are welded on oblique opposite angles of the side surface of the square-frustum-shaped frame base (1), an included angle between the side edges of the square-frustum-shaped frame base (1) and the bottom surface is 30 degrees, and stones are filled in the square-frustum-shaped frame base (1); the distance between two adjacent horizontal groove track layers is 10 cm; the horizontal groove track group at least comprises two horizontal groove track layers; the distance between each layer of horizontal groove track layer is equal, and the distance between the upper and lower layers of inequilateral right-angle steel of each layer of horizontal groove track layer is equal to the height of the breeding basket.
2. The culture device of claim 1, wherein the support frame a (2), the support frame B (3), the support frame C (4) and the support frame D (5) are angle iron support rods; the horizontal groove track group is made of inequilateral right-angle steel, the long side of the right-angle steel is 16cm, the short side of the right-angle steel is 10cm, and the thickness of the right-angle steel is 1 cm.
3. The cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the gap (10) has a dimension which is 1cm greater than the distance between the upper and lower layers of the non-equilateral right-angle steels of the horizontal channel track layer.
4. The cultivation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a diagonal brace (11) is provided on the outer side of the rectangular frame on the side of the horizontal groove track, and a zinc sheet is welded on the surface of the diagonal brace (11).
5. The cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the barrier (12) is a rectangular frame with a cross-shaped inside, a handle (13) is arranged at the top end of the barrier (12), and the barrier (12) and the handle (13) are made of stainless steel.
6. The cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein the grating partition plates (16) are connected with the cultivating basket frame through binding belts (19), two adjacent grating nets (14) on the surface of the cultivating basket are connected through the binding belts (19), the material of the binding belts (19) is plastic, horizontal steel rods (17) are arranged outside the grating nets (14) on one side surface of the cultivating basket, and two ends of each steel rod (17) are connected with two ends of the cable (18).
7. A cultivating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the grille net (14) is an engineering bi-directional plastic geogrid net, the mesh size of the grille net (14) is rectangular meshes of 40mm x 50mm, and the thickness of the grille partition plate (16) is 25 cm.
8. The use method of the scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device of any one of the claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps: filling stones into a quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped frame base of the scallop-stichopus japonicus bottom layer ecological comprehensive culture device, putting the stichopus japonicus into a small cavity of a culture basket, covering a net basket cover, and putting the stichopus japonicus into a horizontal groove track layer at the bottom layer; putting scallops into a small cavity of a culture basket, covering a mesh basket cover, putting the scallops into a horizontal groove track layer and positioned on the upper layer of the culture basket for culturing the stichopus japonicus, and putting a barrier into a vertical groove track after scallop seedlings and stichopus japonicus seedlings are all placed in the horizontal groove track layer, so that the culture basket is fixed inside a multi-layer three-dimensional support frame; putting the culture device into a culture sea area with the water temperature of the bottom layer of 0-23 ℃, the salinity of 27-35, the water depth of 10-25 m and the sediment of silt and gravel for culture; after the cultivation is finished, the cultivation device is fished, the cultivation organisms are harvested, and the cultivation basket can be reused after being washed by a high-pressure water gun at high pressure.
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| CN113575476A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Parent ginseng in-situ spawning induction device and in-situ spawning induction method |
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