AU2020103526A4 - An artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels - Google Patents
An artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020103526A4 AU2020103526A4 AU2020103526A AU2020103526A AU2020103526A4 AU 2020103526 A4 AU2020103526 A4 AU 2020103526A4 AU 2020103526 A AU2020103526 A AU 2020103526A AU 2020103526 A AU2020103526 A AU 2020103526A AU 2020103526 A4 AU2020103526 A4 AU 2020103526A4
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- marine habitat
- artificial marine
- fish
- algae attachment
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Links
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical group [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/73—Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels. It includes an
artificial marine habitat body and is characterized in that the artificial body is divided into a
choice rare sea food proliferation layer, a fish nursing layer and an algae attachment layer from
bottom to top. The choice rare sea food proliferation layer is a solid body of square frustum,
wherein, the bottom is square and several vertical through-holes are evenly distributed inside.
The fish nursing layer is in a hollow tetragonal structure and the algae attachment layer is a
multi-layer grid platform. The fish nursing layer is fixed on the choice rare sea food
proliferation layer, and the algae attachment layer is fixed on the fish nusring layer. The
invention can promote the exchange of nutrients in upper and lower water bodies, provide
suitable habitats for algae, reef-loving fish, sea treasures and attached organisms, and improve
the biodiversity level and community structure stability of artificial marine habitat ecosystem.
It solves the existing problems of single in artificial marine habitat function, simple in food
web structure, low in biodiversity level and so on.
1/4
Figure 1 The overall structural schematic diagram of the artificial marine habitat with
multiple trophic levels according to the present invention
1. -20
O
O O
O0
Description
1/4
Figure 1 The overall structural schematic diagram of the artificial marine habitat with
multiple trophic levels according to the present invention
1. -20
O O O0
An artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels
[01] The invention relates to an artificial marine habitat, belonging to the technical field of marine aquaculture infrastructure. More specifically, it is an artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels, providing habitats for breeding, feeding, growth and the like for sea treasures, reef-loving fish and algae.
[02] Overfishing, water pollution and global climate change have brought great pressure on marine fishery resources and ecological environment. In order to improve the declining fishery resources and restore the ecological environment of coastal waters, the mode of fishery industry in China is changing from traditional fishing and breeding to resource conservation. As an important measure to conserve resources and repair the environment, the construction of artificial marine habitats has become one of the important directions in the development of marine fisheries in China. At present, artificial marine habitats have been built in all coastal provinces of China, and the marine habitats are mainly rock reefs and concrete reefs. Although these have played a certain role in the improvement of marine resources, there are some problems such as simple reef structure and single ecological function in reef area. Taking the construction of artificial marine habitats in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea as an example, which is mainly aimed at proliferating choice rare sea food such as Stichopusjaponicus.In order to save costs and pursue economic value, the reefs are basically made of natural stone and simple square and round concrete. It only pays attention to the habitat needs of the breeding objects, but not fully considers the biological community structure and functional group configuration of the artificial reef ecosystem, resulting in the death of proliferating species, simple food web structure and low level of biodiversity caused by the lack of biological carrying capacity.
[03] In order to solve the problems of single function, simple community structure and low ecological maintenance ability of artificial marine habitat in the prior art, the invention provides an artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels according to the characteristics of biological community structure and the interdependence of organisms with different trophic levels in food webs, which can promote the exchange of nutrients in upper and lower water bodies, provide suitable habitats for algae, reef-loving fish, sea treasures and attached organisms, and improve the biodiversity level and community structure stability of artificial marine habitat ecosystem.
[04] The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
[05] An artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels, including an artificial marine habitat body, is characterized in that the artificial body is divided into a choice rare sea food proliferation layer, a fish nursing layer and an algae attachment layer from bottom to top. The choice rare sea food proliferation layer is a solid body of square frustum, wherein, the bottom is square and several vertical through-holes are evenly distributed inside. The fish nursing layer is in a hollow tetragonal structure and the algae attachment layer is a multi-layer grid platform. The fish nursing layer is fixed on the choice rare sea food proliferation layer, and the algae attachment layer is fixed on the fish nursing layer. The further improvement of the above technical scheme is that the fish nursing layer comprises a tetragonal frame and a top plate. Wherein, there are four trapezoidal upwelling guide vanes arranged inside the tetragonal frame, and they form a terraces structure with hollowed top and inner part. Besides, each trapezoidal upwelling guide vane is provided with a circular through-hole. A top plate is arranged on the top of the tetragonal frame, and four corners of the top plate are respectively provided with a rectangular solid plate which is used as an mounting plate for algae attachment frame. The four mounting plates are connected by cross brackets.
[06] Further, the algae attachment layer contains grid platforms and support frames. Wherein, several grid platforms are fixed on the support frames at intervals, and four mounting plates for algae attachment frame of the top plate are respectively fixed with one algae attachment layer through the support frames.
[07] Further, the choice rare sea food proliferation layer and the fish nursing layer are symmetrical integrated structures respectively cast by reinforced concrete materials.
[08] Furthermore, four corners of the top plate in the fish nursing layer are respectively provided with a lifting ring. And several metals or tying tethers are welded on the grid platform of the algae attachment layer. Further, the support frame is made of steel bars with a nominal diameter of 22mm, the grid platform is made of steel bars with a nominal diameter of 16mm, and the grid mesh is not less than 50mm.
[09] Further, the side length of the bottom surface of the square frustum is not less than 5,000mm, the height of the square frustum is 500-1,200mm, and the prism angle is 45°-90°. The diameter of the vertical through-hole is 300-500mm, the spacing of them is 100-150 mm, and the distance between the outer edge of the outermost vertical through-hole and the nearest edge of the upper plane of the square frustum is not less than 200 mm.
[010] Furthermore, the length and width dimensions of the tetragonal frame are the same as those of the upper plane of the square frustum. Wherein, the height of the tetragonal frame is 200mm, the thickness of the rectangular upwelling guide vane is not less than 100mm, and the aperture of the circular through-hole on the rectangular upwelling guide vane is 200mm-300mm. The outer edge size of the top plate is the same as the length and width size of the tetragonal frame, and the thickness of the top plate is not less than 300mm. The side length of the four algae attachment frame mounting plates is 1000mm. The total height of the algae attachment layer is 600 1500mm, the spacing of the support frames is 700-900mm, the spacing of each grid platforms layer is 300-500mm, and the mesh size of the grid is not less than 50mm.
[011] Compared with the prior art, the invention has following advantages and positive effects.
[012] (1) The artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels provided by the invention adopts a multi-layer symmetrical structure and takes reinforced concrete, steel and ropes as materials, therefore, it has the characteristics of high stability, good durability, ecological suitability and the like.
[013] (2) The trapezoidal upwelling guide vanes arranged on the provided artificial marine habitat is beneficial to expanding the upwelling scale, promoting the nutrient substances in the lower water body to be transported to the middle and upper water bodies so as to providing necessary nutrient elements for algae growth.
[014] (3) The top layer of the provided artificial marine habitat has a grid structure, which is beneficial to the spread of light in the marine habitat and can promote the growth and breeding of algae. Moreover, it can provide an attachment substrate for algae and places for spawning, breeding and the like for other marine organisms.
[015] (4) The middle part of the provided artificial marine habitat adopts a hollow structure, which provides sufficient swimming space for marine reef-loving fish.
[016] (5) The choice rare sea food proliferation layer at the bottom of the provided artificial marine habitat provides attachment space and shelter for sea food such as Stichopusjaponicus and Abalone. Besides, the sinking of upper algae also provides a high-quality bait source for marine treasures.
[017] To sum up, the artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels provided by the invention can provide adaptive habitats for algae, fish, sea treasures, such as Stichopusjaponicus, and others, which is beneficial to improve the biodiversity level and construct a stable ecosystem. It solves the existing problems of single in artificial marine habitat function, simple in food web tructure, low in biodiversity level and so on.
[018] Figure 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels according to the present invention.
[019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the choice rare sea food proliferation layer at the bottom of the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels according to the present invention.
[020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the fish nursing layer in the middle layer of the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels according to the present invention.
[021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the partial installation of the fish nursing layer in the middle layer of the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels according to the present invention.
[022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the algae attachment layer on the top layer of the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels according to the present invention.
[023] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the installation of the algae attachment layer and the top plate on the top layer of the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels according to the present invention.
[024] Wherein, 1- choice rare sea food proliferation layer, 1.1- square frustum, 1.2- vertical through-hole, 2- fish nursing layer, 2.1- tetragonal frame, 2.2- trapezoidal upwelling guide vane, 2.21- circular through-hole, 2.3- top plate, 2.31- cross bracket, 2.32- mounting plate for algae attachment bracket, 2.4- lifting ring, 3- algae attachment layer, 3.1- grid platform, 3.2- support frame.
[025] The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures.
[026] Referring to figures 1-6, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels provided by an embodiment of the invention including an artificial marine habitat body. The artificial body is divided into a choice rare sea food proliferation layer (1), a fish nursing layer (2) and an algae attachment layer (3) from bottom to top. The choice rare sea food proliferation layer (1) is a solid body of square frustum (1.1), wherein, the bottom is square and several vertical through-holes (1.2) are evenly distributed inside. The square frustum (1.1) is conducive to the formation of upwelling, and the vertical through-hole (1.2) provides shelter for sea treasures such as Stichopus japonicus. The fish nursing layer (2) is in a hollow tetragonal structure and the algae attachment layer (3) is a multi-layer grid platform. The fish nursing layer (2) is fixed on the choice rare sea food proliferation layer (1), and the algae attachment layer (3) is fixed on the fish nursing layer (2).
[027] Specifically, the fish nursing layer (2) comprises a tetragonal frame (2.1) and a top plate (2.3). Wherein, there are four trapezoidal upwelling guide vanes (2.2) arranged inside the tetragonal frame (2.1), and they form a terraces structure with hollowed top and inner part. Besides, each trapezoidal upwelling guide vane (2.2) is provided with a circular through-hole (2.21), which can further expand the scale of upwelling, promote the transportation of nutrients from the bottom to the upper layer, and provide source elements for algae growth. A top plate (2.3) is arranged on the top of the tetragonal frame (2.1), and four corners of the top plate (2.3) are respectively provided with a rectangular solid plate which is used as a mounting plate(2.32) for algae attachment frame. The four mounting plates (2.32) are connected by cross brackets (2.31).
[028] Further, the algae attachment layer (3) contains grid platforms (3.1) and support frames (3.2). Wherein, several grid platforms (3.1) (four in the embodiment) are fixed on the support frames (3.2) at intervals, and four mounting plates (2.32) for algae attachment frame of the top plate (2.3) are respectively fixed with one algae attachment layer (3) through the support frames (3.2).
[029] In order to facilitate lifting, transportation and delivery, four corners of the top plate (2.3) in the fish nursing layer (2) are respectively provided with a lifting ring (2.4). In order to facilitate the fixation of algae seedlings, plants or algae proliferation facilities, several metals or tying tethers are welded on the grid platform (3.1) of the algae attachment layer (3).
[030] The side length of the bottom surface of the square frustum (1.1) is not less than 5,000mm, the height of the square frustum is 500-1,200mm, and the prism angle is 45°-90°. The diameter of the vertical through-hole (1.2) is 300-500mm, the spacing of them is 100-150 mm, and the distance between the outer edge of the outermost vertical through-hole (1.2) and the nearest edge of the upper plane of the square frustum (1.1) is not less than 200 mm. The length and width dimensions of the tetragonal frame (2.1) are the same as those of the upper plane of the square frustum (1.1). Wherein, the height of the tetragonal frame (2.1) is 200mm, the thickness of the rectangular upwelling guide vane (2.2) is 100mm, and the apertures of three circular through-hole (2.21) on the rectangular upwelling guide vane is 200mm-300mm. The outer edge size of the top plate (2.3) is the same as the length and width size of the tetragonal frame (2.1), and the thickness of the top plate (2.3) is not less than 300mm. The side length of the four algae attachment frame mounting plates (2.32) is 1000mm. The total height of the algae attachment layer (3) is 600-1500mm, the spacing of the support frames (3.2) is 700-900mm, the spacing of each grid platforms layer (3.1) is 300-500mm.
[031] In actual production, the above-mentioned choice rare sea food proliferation layer (1) and fish nursing layer (2) are layered and poured with reinforced concrete materials from bottom to top to form a symmetrical integrated structure. After pouring, it shall be cured for 28 days according to the requirements of reinforced concrete curing. Then the grid platform (3.1) is welded to the support frames (3.2) hierarchically. The above support frames (3.2) is made of steel bars with a nominal diameter of 22mm, grid platform (3.1) is made of steel bars with a nominal diameter of 16mm and the grid mesh is not less than 50mm.
[032] The artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels provided by the invention is suitable for being put in a water area with a water depth of 10-15m, and in order to promote algae growth, the water depth of the top layer should be within the range of photic zone without affecting the normal passage of small vessels. In order to give full play to the ecological performance of the marine habitat, it is necessary to place the marine habitat monomer in a fixed position and keep a certain distance between them, and do not pile them up.
[033] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms, in keeping with the broad principles and the spirit of the invention described herein.
[034] The present invention and the described embodiments specifically include the best method known to the applicant of performing the invention. The present invention and the described preferred embodiments specifically include at least one feature that is industrially applicable
Claims (8)
1. An artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels including an artificial marine
habitat body, is characterized in that the artificial body is divided into a choice rare sea
food proliferation layer, a fish nursing layer and an algae attachment layer from bottom
to top. The choice rare sea food proliferation layer is a solid body of square frustum,
wherein, the bottom is square and several vertical through-holes are evenly distributed
inside. The fish nursing layer is in a hollow tetragonal structure and the algae
attachment layer is a multi-layer grid platform. The fish nursing layer is fixed on the
choice rare sea food proliferation layer, and the algae attachment layer is fixed on the
fish nusring layer.
2. According to claim 1, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels is
characterized in that the fish nursing layer comprises a tetragonal frame and a top plate.
Wherein, there are four trapezoidal upwelling guide vanes arranged inside the
tetragonal frame, and they form a terraces structure with hollowed top and inner part.
Beside, each trapezoidal upwelling guide vane is provided with a circular through-hole.
A top plate is arranged on the top of the tetragonal frame, and four corners of the top
plate are respectively provided with a rectangular solid plate which is used as an
mounting plate for algae attachment frame. The four mounting plates are connected by
cross brackets.
3. According to claim 2, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels is
characterized in that the algae attachment layer contains grid platforms and support
frames. Wherein, several grid platforms are fixed on the support frames at intervals,
and four mounting plates for algae attachment frame of the top plate are respectively
fixed with one algae attachment layer through the support frames.
4. According to anyone of claims 1-3, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic
levels is characterized in that the choice rare sea food proliferation layer and the fish
nursing layer are symmetrical integrated structures respectively cast by reinforced
concrete materials.
5. According to anyone of claims 1-3, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic
levels is characterized in that four corners of the top plate in the fish nursing layer are
respectively provided with a lifting ring. And several metals or tying tethers are welded
on the grid platform of the algae attachment layer.
6. According to claim 3, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels is
characterized in that the support frame is made of steel bars with a nominal diameter of
22mm, the grid platform is made of steel bars with a nominal diameter of16mm, and
the grid mesh is not less than 50mm.
7. According to anyone of claims 1-3, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic
levels is characterized in that the side length of the bottom surface of the square frustum
is not less than 5,000mm, the height of the square frustum is 500-1,200mm, and the
prism angle is 45°-90°. The diameter of the vertical through-holes is 300-500mm, the
spacing of them is 100-150 mm, and the distance between the outer edge of the
outermost vertical through-hole and the nearest edge of the upper plane of the square
frustum is not less than 200 mm.
8. According to claim 3 or claim 7, the artificial marine habitat with multiple trophic levels is characterized in that the length and width dimensions of the tetragonal frame are the same as those of the upper plane of the square frustum. Wherein, the height of the tetragonal frame is 200mm, the thickness of the rectangular upwelling guide vane is not less than 100mm, and the aperture of the circular through-hole on the rectangular upwelling guide vane is 200mm-300mm. The outer edge size of the top plate is the same as the length and width size of the tetragonal frame, and the thickness of the top plate is not less than 300mm. The side length of the four algae attachment frame mounting plates is 1000mm. The total height of the algae attachment layer is 600 1500mm, the spacing of the support frames is 700-900mm, the spacing of each grid platforms layer is 300-500mm, and the mesh size of the grid is not less than 50mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020103526A AU2020103526A4 (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | An artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020103526A AU2020103526A4 (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | An artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| AU2020103526A4 true AU2020103526A4 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
Family
ID=74192055
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| AU2020103526A Ceased AU2020103526A4 (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | An artificial marine habitat with multi-trophic levels |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114128659A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Cement-based material pipe rod combined annular net cage structure |
-
2020
- 2020-11-19 AU AU2020103526A patent/AU2020103526A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114128659A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Cement-based material pipe rod combined annular net cage structure |
| CN114128659B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-02-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Cement-based material pipe rod combined annular net cage structure |
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| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |