NL2027987B1 - Artificial reef construction mode for improving habitat of reef sea area - Google Patents

Artificial reef construction mode for improving habitat of reef sea area Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2027987B1
NL2027987B1 NL2027987A NL2027987A NL2027987B1 NL 2027987 B1 NL2027987 B1 NL 2027987B1 NL 2027987 A NL2027987 A NL 2027987A NL 2027987 A NL2027987 A NL 2027987A NL 2027987 B1 NL2027987 B1 NL 2027987B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
reef
artificial reef
artificial
area
habitat
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NL2027987A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Lin Jun
Cheng Xiaopeng
Chen Ling
Wang Zhenhua
Zhang Shouyu
Wang Kai
Zhao Jing
Zhao Xu
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Univ Shanghai Ocean
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
    • A01K61/77—Artificial fishing banks or reefs of monolithic form, e.g. blocks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

A B S T R A C T The present disclosure provides a construction mode for an artificial reef for improving a habitat of a reef sea area, and an artificial reef row or an artificial reef cluster is constructed in the reef sea area to improve the marine eco- 5 logical environment. The artificial reef row is set near the reef and in the underwater rocky habitat with a water depth of 10-20 m. The artificial reef row is constructed by placing hollow square style artificial reef units of a single layer. The artificial reef unit has a size of 2*2*2 m, and an 10 interval between the artificial reef units is 2 m. The con- struction of the artificial reef row is capable of extending the base frame of the reef, and expanding the rocky habitat around the reef, which adds the habitat area of rocky fish and provides an attachment substrate for algae, providing 15 excellent habitats for reef-loving fish and fishery re- sources that migrate in close distances, and thus realizing the conservation and proliferation for biological resources, such as fishes, in the reef sea area. The construction of the artificial fish reef cluster between reefs increases the 20 types of local habitats and enhances the synergistic effects between the reefs, thereby increasing the biomass and spe- cies diversity of fishery resources in the sea area of the reef.

Description

P139817NL00
ARTIFICIAL REEF CONSTRUCTION MODE FOR IMPROVING HABITAT OF REEF SEA AREA
TECHNICAL FIELD The present application relates to protection of marine ecology, and more particularly to an artificial reef con- struction mode for improving a habitat of a reef sea area.
BACKGROUND Rocky habitats in reef sea areas are favored by reef fishes, and serve as a substrate for the growth of algae. Organic debris and energy of the algae are transported to the entire reef sea area through waves, tides and currents, providing extensive predation, habitat, spawning and hatching areas for many fishery resources such as fishes, shellfishes and molluscs. In addition, the reef rocky habitats play a main role in connecting other offshore habitats and islands. Taking the Ma an archipelago as an example, about 47.6-
78.5% of the fishery resources in the reefs live in the rocky habitats around the reefs, while only 22.8-43.2% of the fishery resources live in the sand and mud habitats. In recent years, offshore fishery resources and the pro- portion of economic fish in China suffer a continuous de- cline, which has caused an adverse effect on the sustaina- ble development of ecology.
SUMMARY Currently, the offshore fishery resources and the propor- tion of economic fishes continuously decline. Considering that reefs and their rocky habitats are beneficial to the conservation of rocky economic fishes, the present disclo- sure alms to provide a method for proliferation and con- servation of fishery resources based on the construction of artificial reefs and the habitat improvement. In order to achieve the above objectives, the present dis- closure provides an artificial reef row along a reef for improving a habitat of a reef sea area, characterized in that a construction area of the artificial reef row is set at an underwater rocky habitat with a depth of 10-20 m near the reef, and is further set at a side of a transition zone close to the reef, wherein the transition zone is between a rocky habitat and a sand and mud habitat of a subtidal zone; the artificial reef row 1s distributed in a strip shape and is parallel to a shoreline of the reef; and at least two artificial reef rows are constructed in the con- struction area; and a plurality of artificial reef units are adopted and placed to construct the artificial reef row of a single layer; each of the plurality of artificial reef units is a hollow square style artificial reef with a size of 2*2*2 m; an interval between the artificial reef units is 2 m, and the artificial reef row has a width of 5-8 m.
In some embodiments, the reef sea area is a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km? which surrounds a part of a continental shelf.
The present disclosure further provides a method for con- structing the above artificial reef row, comprising: carrying out a background survey around the reef sea area to determine a distribution of a rocky habitat and a sand and mud habitat around the reef; marking out 1/5 to 1/4 of the sea area of the reef with a water depth of 10-20 m at the rocky habitat adjacent to the sand and mud habitat as a construction area of the artifi- cial reef row; wherein the construction area is set a side of a transition zone close to the reef; the transition zone is between the rocky habitat and the sand and mud habitat of a subtidal zone; and the artificial reef row is distrib- uted in a strip shape and is parallel to a shoreline of the reef; determining a placing coordinate of at least two artificial reef rows by setting a distance between hollow square style artificial reef units of the at least two artificial rows as 2 m;
transporting the hollow square style artificial reef units with a size of 2*2*2 m to the placing coordinate; setting a buoy; and adopting a lifting device to place the hollow square style artificial reef units onto a seabed; placing the hollow square style artificial reef units in rows; conducting diving observation after each row of the hollow square style artificial reef units is placed; adjusting the subsequent placement of the hollow square style artificial reef units according to underwater ar- rangement of the hollow square style artificial reef units that have been placed; and setting a sign at the placing area of the hollow square style artificial reef units after the at least two artifi- cial reef rows are formed on the seabed.
In some embodiments, each of the hollow square style arti- ficial reef units is manufactured by steps of: evenly mixing cement, medium sand and gravel to obtain a concrete mixture; pouring the concrete mixture into molds to form a crude hollow square style artificial reef unit with a size of 2*2*2 m; and removing the molds after 36-48 hours, and placing the crude hollow square style artificial reef unit in an open field for 30 days to allow the concrete to be concreted to obtain the hollow square style artificial reef unit.
In some embodiments, the reef sea area is a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km? which surrounds a part of a continental shelf. The present disclosure further provides an artificial reef cluster between reefs for improving a habitat of a reef sea area, wherein a construction area of the artificial reef cluster is located in a circle with a midpoint between two reefs as a center and 1/3 of a distance between the two reefs as a diameter; and a water depth of the construction area of the artificial reef cluster is 10-20 m; and the artificial reef cluster comprises a plurality of arti- ficial reef groups located in the construction area; each of the plurality of artificial reef groups is composed of five artificial reef units which are respectively distrib- uted at four corners and a center of a 9-square grid with a side length of 9 m, and the artificial reef groups are arranged in the construction area of the artificial reef cluster at an interval of 8-12 m; and each of the artificial reef units is shaped as a superimposed "x" and "+" and has a size of 3*3*3 m.
In some embodiments, the reef sea area is a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km? which surrounds a part of a continental shelf.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure further pro- vides a method for constructing an artificial reef cluster between reefs for improving a habitat of a reef sea area, comprising: conducting a background survey for the reef sea area to determine a midpoint o between the reefs and a distance d between the reefs; determining a construction area of the artificial reef cluster with the midpoint o as a center and 1/3 of the distance d as a diameter; setting a buoy at the midpoint Or selecting a placing area of a plurality of artificial reef groups in the construction area according to data of the background survey; determining a latitude and a longitude of the artificial reef cluster; wherein the artificial reef groups constitute the artificial reef cluster; each of the artificial reef groups consists of five artificial reef units which are distributed at four corners and a center of a 9-square grid with a side length of 9 m; the artificial reef groups are arranged in the construction area at an interval of 8-12 m; and each of the five artificial reef units is shaped as superimposed "x" and "+" and has a size of 3*3*3 m; transporting manufactured artificial reef units to a posi- tion of the buoy at the midpoint oc by using a reef-release ship; and placing the manufactured artificial reef units onto a seabed from the midpoint o;
carrying out diving observation after each of the artifi- cial reef groups is placed; and correspondingly adjusting the placement of a subsequent artificial reef group accord- ing to the underwater arrangement of the artificial reef 5 groups; and setting a sign at the placement area of the artificial reef cluster after the artificial reef cluster is disposed in the construction area.
In some embodiments, each of the artificial reef units is manufactured by steps of: evenly mixing cement, medium sand and gravel to obtain a concrete mixture; pouring the concrete mixture into molds to form a crude artificial reef unit with a superimposed "x" and "+" shape and a size of 3*3*3 m; and removing the molds after 36-48 hours, and placing the crude artificial reef unit in an open field for 30 days to allow the mixture to be concreted to obtain the artificial reef unit.
In some embodiments, the reef sea area is a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km: surrounding a part of the continental shelf. on one hand, the artificial reef is constructed at a rock- sediment transition zone to improve the rocky habitat, so as to optimize the habitat of the reef sea area and its functional connection.
In this way, a rock-sediment local ecosystem with larger spatial range, more diverse habitat types, and more food chain levels is formed, providing excellent habitats for reef-loving fish and fishery re- sources that migrate in close distances, and thus realizing the conservation and proliferation for biological re- sources, such as fishes, in the reef sea area.
On the other hand, the artificial reef cluster is con- structed on sediment land between reefs to enhance the synergistic effect between reefs, thereby optimizing the habitat and its functional connection of the reef sea area.
As a result, an ecosystem with a larger spatial scope, more diverse habitat types, and more food chain levels is formed, providing excellent habitats for reef-loving fish and fishery resources that migrate in close distances, and thus realizing the conservation and proliferation for bio- logical resources, such as fishes, in the reef sea area.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The disclosure will be described in detail below with ref- erence to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to make the technical solutions of the present disclosure clearer. Obviously, presented in the drawings are only some embodi- ments of the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without sparing creative efforts. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction mode of an artificial reef row for improving a habitat of a reef sea area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 schematically shows the artificial reef row accord- ing to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a construction mode of an artificial reef cluster for improving a habitat of a reef sea area according to an embodiment of the present disclo- sure. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the artificial reef cluster according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments to facilitate the understand- ing of the technical solutions of the present disclosure. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can be implemented without one or more of these details. Moreover, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features known in the art are not described herein. Steps and structures of the present disclosure will be described as follows to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present disclosure. Described below are some embodiments but not all embodiments of the present disclosure.
Currently, the offshore fishery resources and the propor- tion of economic fishes continuously decline. Considering that reefs and their rocky habitats are beneficial to the conservation of rocky economic fishes, the present disclo- 5 sure aims to provide a method for proliferation and con- servation of fishery resources based on the construction of artificial reefs and the habitat improvement. In order to achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure specifically proposes a construction plan for strengthening the rocky habitat around the reef and expanding the syner- gistic effect between reefs. The construction principle is described as follows.
1. In order to reinforce the rocky habitat around the reefs, the present disclosure proposes a plan for constructing the artificial reef row around the reef to extend the base frame of the reef, so as to expand the rocky habitat around the reef, which provides an attachment substrate for algae, thus improving the proliferation and conservation of rocky fishery resources in reefs.
2. In order to expand the synergistic effect between reefs, the present disclosure proposes a plan for constructing an artificial reef cluster between reefs and ultimately im- proving the proliferation and conservation of rocky fishery resources around the reefs.
The artificial reefs refer to structures artificially set up in the sea to improve the geological type of the sea area, thereby creating a good habitat environment for ma- rine creatures.
The two construction plans are further described as fol- lows.
Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides a plan for specifically reinforc- ing a rocky habitat around a reef. The rocky habitat of the reef is the main functional connection between other off- shore habitats and islands, and plays an important role in the conservation of fishery resources around the reefs. The ecological effect of reefs can be maximized based on the original rocky habitat of reefs.
Reinforcement for rocky habitats of reefs mainly includes: setting up artificial reefs in the transition zone between a rocky habitat and a sand and mud habitat around the reef to form a reef row with a stable structure.
At the same time, at least two of reef rows are provided in the construction area, and arti- ficial reef units are separated to achieve a better eco- logical improvement effect.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, illustrated is an artificial reef row along a reef for improving a habitat of the reef.
The construction area of the artificial reef row is set near the reef and in the underwater rocky habitat with a water depth of 10-20 m.
At the same time, it is set at a side of a transition zone close to the reef (i.e., the rocky habi- tat), where the transition zone is between the rocky habi- tat and the sand and mud habitat of the subtidal zone.
The artificial reef row is distributed in a strip shape and is parallel to a shoreline of the reef.
At least two artificial reef rows are constructed in the construction area.
A size of each artificial reef unit is 2*2*2 m, and a gap between artificial reef units is 2 m, and a width of the artificial reef row is 5-8 m.
In the present disclosure, the reef sea area 1s a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km? surrounding a part of the continental shelf.
In the present disclosure, the hollow square style artifi- cial reef may adopt the artificial reef disclosed in Chi- nese Patent Application No. 200720071362.5, titled "Hollow Square Style Artificial Reef". The present disclosure further provides a method for con- structing an artificial reef row along a reef for improving a habitat of the reef sea area, including the following steps.
Sl) A background survey is conducted around the reef to determine a distribution of a rocky habitat and a sand and mud habitat around the reef.
In the rocky habitat adjacent to the sand and mud habitat with a water depth of 10-20 m, 1/5 to 1/4 of the reef sea area is marked out as the construction area of the artificial reef along the reef.
The construction area is set at a side of a transition zone close to the reef, where the transition zone is between the rocky habitat and the sand and mud habitat of the subtidal zone. The artificial reef row 1s distributed in a strip shape and is parallel to a shoreline of the reef.
S2) A coordinate of at least two artificial reef rows is determined by setting a distance between the artificial reef units of the artificial reef row as 2 m.
$3) Hollow square style artificial reef units with a size of 2*2*2 m are transported to the placing coordinate. A buoy is set, and the hollow square style artificial reefs are placed on a seabed with a special lifting device.
S4) The artificial reef units are placed in rows, and diving observation is performed after each artificial reef row is placed. A corresponding adjustment is made for the subse- quent placement of the artificial reef units according to the underwater arrangement of the artificial reef units that have been placed.
55) After all artificial reef units are placed on the sea- bed, the artificial reef rows are formed on the seabed, and a sign is set in the placing area of the artificial reef row.
In an embodiment, the artificial reef unit is manufactured by the following steps. The cement, medium sand and gravel are evenly mixed, and then poured into molds to form hollow square style artificial reefs with a size of 2*2*2 m. After 36-48 hours, the molds are removed, and the hollow square style artificial reefs are placed in an open field for 30 days to allow the concrete to be concreted, thereby forming the artificial reef units.
The rocky habitat and the sand and mud habitat in the reef sea area are distributed in blocks, which is helpful to strengthening the rocky habitat around the reef. In the selection of the construction area of the artificial reef rows, the transition zone between the rocky habitat and the sand and mud habitat of the reef is taken as the main area. 1/5 to 1/4, in terms of width, of the underwater rocky habitat is determined as the construction area of artifi- cial reef row.
Hollow square style artificial reefs, with a size of 2*2*2 m and having a large weight and high strength, are selected as artificial reefs to be placed.
Such artificial reef units have strong anti-impact, anti- rolling and anti-slip capabilities, and are capable of re- sisting rapid currents around reefs.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the artificial reef row according to an embodi- ment of the present disclosure.
The artificial reef units are placed in the determined construction area of the ar- tificial reef row with a gap smaller than the width of a single reef unit.
The artificial reef row is parallel to the shoreline of the reef.
Embodiment 2 This embodiment proposes a specific solution for enhancing the synergic effect between reefs.
The reef renders con- servation for the fishery resources in the surrounding sea areas, which forms a radial distribution of fishery re- sources centered on the reef.
Mature artificial reef con- struction technology provides a theoretical basis for op- timizing the synergistic effect between the reefs.
Based on this theory, the present disclosure provides a novel artificial reef construction mode between reefs.
An arti- ficial reef cluster for expanding the synergic effect be- tween reefs is mainly constructed as follows.
A suitable area between the reefs is determined as a construction area of the artificial reef cluster.
Artificial reef units are arranged at a certain interval to form an artificial reef cluster with a certain scale that is able to achieve the expansion of the synergistic effect between reefs.
The present disclosure provides an artificial reef cluster between reefs for improving a habitat of a reef sea area.
As shown in FIG. 4, the construction area of the artificial reef cluster 2 is located in a circle with a midpoint between two reefs as a center and 1/3 of a distance between the two reefs as a diameter, and a water depth of the construction area of the artificial reef cluster is 10-20 m.
The artificial reef cluster 2 is composed of a plurality of artificial reef groups located in the construction area.
Each artificial reef group is composed of five artificial reef units which are distributed at four corners and a center of a 9- square grid with a side length of 9 m, and the artificial reef groups are arranged in the construction area of the artificial reef cluster at an interval of 8-12 m.
The artificial reef unit is shaped as superimposed "x" and "+" and has a size of 3*3*3 m.
The artificial reef shaped as superimposed "x" and "+" is commonly used in the prior art, which is not specifically described herein.
In this embodiment, the reef sea area is a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km: surrounding a part of the continental shelf.
The reefs are located at 20- 50 m under water.
At the same time, the present disclosure provides a method for constructing an artificial reef cluster between reefs for improving a habitat of a reef sea area, including the following steps.
S1) A background survey is conducted on the reef sea area to determine a midpoint o between the reefs and a distance d between the reefs.
A construction area of the artificial reef cluster is determined with the midpoint © as a center and 1/3 of the distance d as a diameter.
A buoy is set at the midpoint o. 52) According to the survey data, a placing area of the artificial reef groups is selected in the construction area, and latitude and longitude of each artificial reef group are determined.
A plurality of artificial reef groups constitute an artificial reef cluster, and each artificial reef group consists of five artificial reef units which are distributed at four corners and a center of a 9-square grid with a side length of 9 m.
The artificial reef groups are arranged in the construction area at an interval of 8-12 m.
The artificial reef unit is shaped as superimposed "x" and "+" and has a size of 3*3*3 m.
33) The manufactured artificial reef units are transported to a position of the buoy at the midpoint o by using a reef-release ship, and placed onto a seabed from the mid- point o.
S4) Diving observation is carried out after each artificial reef group is placed, and a corresponding adjustment is made for the placement of a subsequent artificial reef group according to the underwater arrangement of the arti- ficial reef groups that have been placed.
S5) After the artificial reef cluster is placed in the construction area, a sign is set in the placing area of the artificial reef cluster.
In an embodiment, the artificial reef unit is produced by the following steps. The cement, medium sand and gravel are evenly mixed, and then poured to molds to form a crude artificial reef unit with a superimposed "x" and "+" shape and a size of 2*2*2 m. After 36-48 hours, the molds are removed, and the crude artificial reef units are placed in an open field for 30 days to allow the concrete to be concreted, thereby forming the desired artificial reef unit.
In this embodiment, the reef sea area is a sea area of a reef having a land area of less than 10 km: surrounding a part of the continental shelf.
On one hand, the artificial reef is constructed at a tran- sition zone between rocks and the sediment to improve the rocky habitat, so as to optimize the habitat of the reef sea area and its functional connection. In this way, a rock-sediment local ecosystem with larger spatial scope, more diverse habitat types, and more food chain levels is formed, providing excellent habitats for reef-loving fish and fishery resources that migrate in close distances, and thus realizing the conservation and proliferation for bio- logical resources, such as fishes, in the reef sea area.
On the other hand, the artificial reef cluster is con- structed on sediment land between reefs to enhance the synergistic effect between reefs, thereby optimizing the habitat and its functional connection of the reef sea area.
As a result, an ecosystem with a larger spatial scope, more diverse habitat types, and more food chain levels is formed, providing excellent habitats for reef-loving fish and fishery resources that migrate in close distances, and thus realizing the conservation and proliferation for bio- logical resources, such as fishes, in the reef sea area.
Described above are some embodiments of the present dis- closure.
It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Any changes, equivalent modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Kunstmatige rifrij langs een rif voor het verbe- teren van een habitat van een rifachtig zeegebied, met het kenmerk dat een constructiegebied van de kunstmatige rifrij bij een rotsachtig habitat onder water met een waterdiepte van 10- 20 m nabij het rif gepositioneerd wordt, en verder bij een zijde van een overgangszone nabij het rif gepositioneerd wordt, waarbij de overgangszone tussen een rotsachtig habi- tat en een zand- en modderhabitat van een subtidale zone is; waarbij de kunstmatige rifrij in een strookvorm verdeeld is en parallel aan een kustlijn van het rif is, en er ten minste twee kunstmatige rifrijen geconstrueerd zijn in het con- structiegebied; en er meerdere kunstmatige rifeenheden in gebruik genomen en geplaatst worden om de kunstmatige rifrij van een enkele laag te construeren; waarbij elk van de meerdere kunstmatige rifeenheden een kunstmatig rif van het holle rechthoekige type met een grootte van 2*2*2 m is; een interval tussen de kunstmatige rifeenheden 2 m is, en de kunstmatige rifrij een breedte heeft van 5-8 m.1. Artificial reef row along a reef for improving a habitat of a reef-like marine area, characterized in that a construction area of the artificial reef row at a rocky underwater habitat with a water depth of 10-20 m is positioned near the reef, and further positioned at a side of a transition zone near the reef, the transition zone being between a rocky habitat and a sand and mud habitat of a subtidal zone; wherein the artificial reef row is striped and parallel to a shoreline of the reef, and there are at least two artificial reef rows constructed in the construction area; and multiple artificial reef units are commissioned and placed to construct the single layer artificial reef row; wherein each of the plurality of artificial reef units is a hollow rectangular type artificial reef having a size of 2*2*2 m; an interval between the artificial reef units is 2 m, and the artificial reef row has a width of 5-8 m. 2. Kunstmatige rifrij volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk dat het rifachtige zeegebied een zeegebied van een rif met een landgebied van minder dan 10 km? om een deel van een continentaal plat heen is.An artificial reef row according to claim 1, characterized in that the reef-like sea area is a sea area of a reef with a land area of less than 10 km? around part of a continental shelf. 3. Werkwijze voor het construeren van een kunstmatige rifrij langs een rif voor het verbeteren van een habitat van een rifachtig zeegebied, omvattende:A method of constructing an artificial reef row along a reef to improve a habitat of a reef-like marine area, comprising: het uitvoeren van een achtergrondonderzoek rondom het rifachtige zeegebied om een verdeling van een rotsachtig habitat en een zand- en modderhabitat rondom het rif te bepalen;conducting a background survey around the reef-like marine area to determine a distribution of rocky habitat and sand and mud habitats around the reef; het aftekenen van 1/5 tot 1/4 van het zeegebied van het rif met een waterdiepte van 10-20 m bij het rotsachtige habitat grenzend aan het zand- en modderhabitat als een constructiegebied van de kunstmatige rifrij; waarbij het constructiegebied aan een zijde van een overgangszone nabij het rif gepositioneerd wordt; waarbij de overgangszone tus- sen het rotsachtige habitat en het zand- en modderhabitat van een subtidale zone is; en de kunstmatige rifrij in een strookvorm verdeeld is en parallel aan een kustlijn van het rif is;delineating 1/5 to 1/4 of the marine area of the reef with a water depth of 10-20 m at the rocky habitat adjacent to the sand and mud habitat as a construction area of the artificial reef row; wherein the construction area is positioned on a side of a transition zone near the reef; wherein the transition zone between the rocky habitat and the sand and mud habitat is of a subtidal zone; and the artificial reef row is striped and parallel to a shoreline of the reef; het bepalen van een plaatsingscoördinaat van ten minste twee kunstmatige rifrijen door het vaststellen van een af- stand tussen kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle recht- hoekige type van de ten minste twee kunstmatige rifrijen als 2 mj;determining a placement coordinate of at least two artificial reef rows by determining a distance between hollow rectangular-type artificial reef units of the at least two artificial reef rows as 2 mj; het vervoeren van de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoekige type met een grootte van 2*2*2 m naar de plaatsingscoördinaat; het positioneren van een boei; en het in gebruik nemen van een hefinrichting om de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoekige type op een zeebed te plaatsen;transporting the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units with a size of 2*2*2 m to the placement coordinate; positioning a buoy; and deploying a lifting device to place the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units on a seabed; het plaatsen van de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoekige type in rijen; het uitvoeren van duikob- servatie nadat elke rij van de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoekige type geplaatst is;arranging the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units in rows; performing dive observation after each row of the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units is placed; het aanpassen van de daaropvolgende plaatsing van de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoekige type vol- gens de onderwaterrangschikking van de kunstmatige rifeen- heden van het holle rechthoekige type die geplaatst zijn; en het aanbrengen van een teken bij het plaatsingsgebied van de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoekige type nadat de ten minste twee kunstmatige rifrijen op het zeebed gevormd zijn. adjusting the subsequent placement of the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units according to the underwater arrangement of the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units placed; and applying a mark at the placement area of the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units after the at least two artificial reef rows are formed on the seabed. 4, Werkwijze volgens conclusie 3, met het kenmerk dat elk van de kunstmatige rifeenheden van het holle rechthoe- kige type vervaardigd wordt volgens de volgende stappen: het uniform mengen van cement, medium zand en grind om een betonmengsel te verkrijgen; het gieten van het beton- mengsel in matrijzen om een ruwe kunstmatige rifeenheid van het holle rechthoekige type met een grootte van 2*2*2 m te vormen; en het verwijderen van de matrijzen na 36-48 uur, en het plaatsen van de ruwe kunstmatige rifeenheid van het holle rechthoekige type in een open veld voor 30 dagen om het beton uit te laten harden, waardoor de kunstmatige rifeen- heid van het holle rechthoekige type gevormd wordt.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the hollow rectangular type artificial reef units is manufactured by the following steps: uniformly mixing cement, medium sand and gravel to obtain a concrete mixture; pouring the concrete mixture into molds to form a rough artificial reef unit of the hollow rectangular type having a size of 2*2*2 m; and removing the molds after 36-48 hours, and placing the rough artificial reef unit of the hollow rectangular type in an open field for 30 days to allow the concrete to set, thereby making the artificial reef unit of the hollow rectangular type type is formed. 5. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 3, met het kenmerk dat het rifachtig zeegebied een zeegebied van een rif met een landgebied van minder dan 10 km? om een deel van een conti- nentaal plat heen is.Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the reef-like sea area is a sea area of a reef with a land area of less than 10 km. is flat around part of a continent. 6. Kunstmatig rifcluster tussen riffen voor het ver- beteren van een habitat van een rifachtig zeegebied, met het kenmerk dat een constructiegebied van het kunstmatige rifcluster zich bevindt in een cirkel met een middenpunt tussen twee riffen als een midden en 1/3 van een afstand tussen de twee riffen als een diameter; en dat een water- diepte van het constructiegebied 10-20 m is; en het kunstmatige rifcluster meerdere kunstmatige rif- groepen omvat die zich in het constructigebied bevinden; waarbij elk van de meerdere kunstmatige rifgroepen gemaakt is van vijf kunstmatige rifeenheden die respectievelijk ver- deeld zijn over vier hoeken en een midden van een 9-vier- kantig raster met een kantlengte van 9 m, en de kunstmatige rifgroepen gerangschikt zijn in het constructiegebied van het kunstmatige rifcluster bij een interval van 8-12 m; en elk van de vijf kunstmatige rifeenheden gevormd is als een supergeponeerde “x” en “+” een een grootte van 3*3*3 m heeft.6. Artificial reef cluster between reefs for enhancing a habitat of a reef-like marine area, characterized in that a construction area of the artificial reef cluster is located in a circle with a midpoint between two reefs as a center and 1/3 of a distance between the two reefs as a diameter; and that a water depth of the construction area is 10-20 m; and the artificial reef cluster comprises a plurality of artificial reef groups located within the construct area; wherein each of the plurality of artificial reef groups is made up of five artificial reef units respectively distributed over four corners and a center of a 9-square grid with an edge length of 9 m, and the artificial reef groups are arranged in the construction area of the artificial reef cluster at an interval of 8-12 m; and each of the five artificial reef units is formed as a superimposed “x” and “+” and has a size of 3*3*3 m. 7. Kunstmatig rifcluster volgens conclusie 6, met het kenmerk dat het rifachtig zeegebied een zeegebied van een rif met een landgebied van minder dan 10 km® om een deel van een continentaal plat heen is.An artificial reef cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that the reef-like sea area is a sea area of a reef with a land area of less than 10 km® around a part of a continental shelf. 8. Werkwijze voor het construeren van een kunstmatig rifcluster tussen riffen voor het verbeteren van een habitat van een rifachtig zeegebied, omvattende: het uitvoeren van een achtergrondonderzoek voor het rifachtige zeegebied om een middenpunt o tussen de riffen en een afstand d tussen de riffen te bepalen; het bepalen van een constructiegebied van het kunstma- tige rifcluster met het middenpunt o als midden en 1/3 van de afstand d als een diameter; het positioneren van een boei bij het middenpunt o; het selecteren van een plaatsingsgebied van meerdere kunstmatige rifgroepen in het constructiegebied volgens data van het achtergrondonderzoek; het bepalen van een lengte- en breedtegraad van het kunstmatige rifcluster; waarbij de kunstmatige rifgroepen het kunstmatige rifcluster vormen; waarbij elk van de kunstmatige rifgroepen elk van de meer- dere kunstmatige rifgroepen bestaat uit van vijf kunstmatige rifeenheden die verdeeld zijn over vier hoeken en een midden van een 9-vierkantig raster met een kantlengte van 9 m, de kunstmatige rifgroepen gerangschikt zijn in het construc- tiegebied van het kunstmatige rifcluster bij een interval van 8-12 m; en elk van de vijf kunstmatige rifeenheden ge- vormd is als een supergeponeerde “x” en “+” en een grootte van 3*3*3 m heeft; het vervoeren van de vervaardigde kunstmatige rifeen- heden naar een positie van de boei bij het middenpunt o door gebruik van een rifafgevend schip; en het plaatsen van de vervaardigde kunstmatige rifeenheden op een zeebed vanaf middenpunt ©;A method of constructing an artificial reef cluster between reefs to improve a habitat of a reef-like marine area, comprising: conducting a background survey for the reef-like marine area to determine a center point o between the reefs and a distance d between the reefs ; determining a construction area of the artificial reef cluster with the center point o as the center and 1/3 of the distance d as a diameter; positioning a buoy at the midpoint o; selecting a placement area of multiple artificial reef groups in the construction area according to data from the background search; determining a latitude and longitude of the artificial reef cluster; the artificial reef groups forming the artificial reef cluster; wherein each of the artificial reef groups consists of each of the multiple artificial reef groups of five artificial reef units distributed over four corners and a center of a 9-square grid with an edge length of 9 m, the artificial reef groups are arranged in the structure - tie area of the artificial reef cluster at an interval of 8-12 m; and each of the five artificial reef units is formed as a superimposed “x” and “+” and has a size of 3*3*3 m; transporting the fabricated artificial reef units to a position of the buoy at the midpoint o using a reef-delivery vessel; and placing the fabricated artificial reef units on a seabed from center point ©; het uitvoeren van duikobservatie nadat elk van de kunstmatige rifgroepen geplaatst is; en het overeenkomstig aanpassen van de plaatsing van een daaropvolgende kunstma- tige rifgroep volgens de onderwaterrangschikking van de kunstmatige rifgroepen; en het aanbrengen van een teken bij het plaatsingsgebied van het kunstmatige rifcluster nadat het kunstmatige rifcluster in het constructiegebied geplaatst is.conducting dive observation after each of the artificial reef groups has been placed; and correspondingly adjusting the placement of a subsequent artificial reef group according to the underwater arrangement of the artificial reef groups; and applying a sign to the placement area of the artificial reef cluster after the artificial reef cluster is placed in the construction area. 9. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 8, met het kenmerk dat elk van de kunstmatige rifeenheden vervaardigd wordt volgens de volgende stappen: het uniform mengen van cement, medium zand en grind om een betonmengsel te verkrijgen; het gieten van het beton- mengsel in matrijzen om een ruwe kunstmatige rifeenheid met supergeponeerde “x” en “+” vorm en een grootte van 3*3*3 m te vormen; en het verwijderen van de matrijzen na 36-48 uur, en het plaatsen van de ruwe kunstmatige rifeenheid in een open veld voor 30 dagen om het beton uit te laten harden, waardoor de kunstmatige rifeenheid gevormd wordt.A method according to claim 8, characterized in that each of the artificial reef units is manufactured according to the following steps: uniformly mixing cement, medium sand and gravel to obtain a concrete mixture; pouring the concrete mixture into molds to form a rough artificial reef unit of superimposed “x” and “+” shape and a size of 3*3*3 m; and removing the molds after 36-48 hours, and placing the rough artificial reef unit in an open field for 30 days to allow the concrete to set, thereby forming the artificial reef unit. 10. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 9, met het kenmerk dat het rifachtig zeegebied een zeegebied van een rif met een landgebied van minder dan 10 km? om een deel van een conti- nentaal plat heen is.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the reef-like sea area is a sea area of a reef with a land area of less than 10 km. is flat around part of a continent. -0-0-0--0-0-0-0-
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CN113854217A (en) * 2021-11-02 2021-12-31 北京师范大学 Offshore area square artificial fish reef spatial layout optimization method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113854217A (en) * 2021-11-02 2021-12-31 北京师范大学 Offshore area square artificial fish reef spatial layout optimization method
CN113854217B (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-09-30 北京师范大学 Offshore area square artificial fish reef spatial layout optimization method

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