CN109892158A - A kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich - Google Patents
A kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich Download PDFInfo
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- CN109892158A CN109892158A CN201910224205.0A CN201910224205A CN109892158A CN 109892158 A CN109892158 A CN 109892158A CN 201910224205 A CN201910224205 A CN 201910224205A CN 109892158 A CN109892158 A CN 109892158A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding methods of selenium-rich, the following steps are included: pomegranate tree sapling is cultivated, carries out Pruning Away Branches, the fertilising of pomegranate tree selenium-rich, pomegranate tree top dressing and pomegranate tree pest control to pomegranate tree, the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich of the invention, the characteristics of according to pomegranate tree growth cycle, pomegranate tree cultivated in different times, trimmed, selenium-rich fertilising and pest control processing, it ensure that the normal growth of pomegranate tree, the high survival rate of pomegranate tree, yield is high, economic value with higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pomegranate Cultivating techniques field, in particular to a kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich.
Background technique
Pomegranate tree originates in a planting fruit-trees in the Western Regions, reaches Central Plains through the Silk Road, pomegranate be the favorite fruit of citizen it
One, nutritive value is high, and pomegranate tree is also ornamental one of the trees of people's plantation.Pomegranate tree performance is graceful, and the florescence is up to the several months, every year
Five, full-blown flowers are in full bloom between June, if bright rosy clouds, flowers are in full bloom is exceptionally bright-coloured, leading, are to integrate to eat and watch,
In addition pomegranate wide adaptability, premunition is strong, and cultivation is easy.Naturally the pomegranate tree grown is often grown thickly sprout tillers by rhizosphere, is removed after plant
Sprout tillers forms the more trunk nature semicircles of shrub formula, be allowed to grow within pomegranate the 1st year, and it is extra to select and remain within the 2nd year 2-4 bough removing
Sprout tillers, that removes base portion at any time later sprouts branch and root turion, in 1 meter of branch below of stayed trunk, should remove year by year, with benefit ventilation
The tree crown of nutrition supply trunk or more is concentrated in light transmission, after, then 3-5 major branch is selected and remain on each trunk, it is stretched to branch hat surrounding
Exhibition, makes semicircular in shape or globular model.But the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of traditional selenium-rich, the survival rate of pomegranate tree is lower, and
Yield is also relatively low, can not improve its economic value.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich, the soft seeds of selenium-rich of the invention
Pomegranate breeding method, the high survival rate of pomegranate tree, yield is high, economic value with higher.
To achieve the above object, present invention provide the technical scheme that
A kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich, comprising the following steps:
S1: the cultivation of pomegranate tree；
S2: selenium-rich fertilising the fertilising of pomegranate tree selenium-rich: is carried out to pomegranate tree by one month in first half of the month at pomegranate florescence.In pomegranate flower
Phase terminates to carry out selenium-rich fertilising to pomegranate tree to just starting to bear fruit.It influences to suggest under output condition with other ranks if any fruit drop
Section fertilizing method.It occupies stably after fruit and selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree.Bear fruit and apply selenium-rich fertilizer interval 15 days after stablizing -- it 30 days can be again
A selenium-rich fertilising is carried out, selenium-rich content is strengthened.The fruit picking previous moon carries out selenium-rich fertilising to pomegranate.It can suggest selecting in may
It applies fertilizer for the first time.
S3: pomegranate tree pest control.
Preferably, pomegranate tree described in step S1 cultivation the following steps are included:
(1) cultivation of pomegranate sapling；
(2) pomegranate Pruning Away Branches, comprising the following steps:
The trimming of a treelet: First Year is left the growth of seedling of pomegranate tree, starts trimming appropriate between the 2-3 month of second year, and every plant
1-3 healthy and strong branch is left behind above seedling as culture trunk, other branches can be pruned off all, the 3rd year 8-9 month
Part when, will all be cut apart from 1 meter of sprig below of trunk, the major branch item of 4-6 stalwartness is left on trunk, allows tree crown
It is rounded, it is formed to plant；
B prunes branch off: in the stage of pomegranate tree growth, prune spray, descending branch and overstocked branch that sprout tillers goes out off in time,
So that the branch of pomegranate tree is uniformly distributed, the translucency and air permeability of tree crown can be enhanced, moreover it is possible to save Nutrients uptake growth;
C trims the branch of excessive growth: wiping out the branch of excessive growth on pomegranate tree trunk in time, the branch of excessive growth can consume a large amount of nutrient, serious shadow
The growth of major branch is rung, it is all to upset the tree-like branch of excessive growth, it should all be wiped out from base portion, save Nutrients uptake result;
D side shoot trimming: when annual 7-8 month, timely cut short or prune off pomegranate tree apart from ground 45cm with
Under branch, be conducive to the collateral generation on plant top in this way, each season will carry out trimming appropriate to pomegranate tree, can be with
Keep pomegranate tree fruiting more, improves yield.
(3) the clear garden of pomegranate: after autumn and winter trimming, removing disease pest branches and leaves, decayed fruit, mummy in time, strikes off and sticks up skin, disease always on tree
Pityriasis simplex is simultaneously buried or burn, and reduces disease pest source, to the sub- happy board matrine fruit tree type of the garden rudiment Qian Duiquan sprinkling or wide spectrum after fallen leaves
300 times of liquid of type, when sprinkling, which pays attention to for trunk being sprayed to, drips, including branch, trunk, tree root, plantation blank, ridge ditch,
Rubbish heap, weeds, path etc. effectively can remove and kill the germ being hidden in trunk and weeds and worm's ovum；If any falling
Flower shedding, sick tree, can bury 4-5 plants for sub- 200 grams of source board processing soil treatment agent and handle at non-fruiting.Pomegranate tree is repaired
It cuts including removing root turion, the branch of excessive growth, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, sick branch, descending branch, crossing branch and overlapping branch, and uses white-out agent
Trunk is whitewashed, the white-out agent includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of quick lime, 0.5 part -1 part of salt, stone sulphur
2 parts of mixture stoste, 40 parts of water, 2 parts of clay.
Preferably, the breeding method of pomegranate sapling as described in step (1) is treelet cultivation, comprising the following steps:
(1) soft seed pomegranate branch can be managed by, which selecting, does cuttage, and the healthy branch for selecting 1-2 raw of transplanting is cut into every 45cm long；
(2) heatable adobe sleeping platform for digging a 30cm on the ground, the branch that step (1) selects tiltedly is put into heatable adobe sleeping platform, the branch in insertion soil
Soil is slowly lain prone into hole after the bucket of falling upper half water, water and soil is allowed to mix naturally by 2/3rds of Zhan Qi overall length, is then pressed slightly native
Tightly；
(3) on sposh bar of concentrating on work at selected units paste to pomegranate branch top, to reduce moisture evaporation；
(4) water was poured again every 2-3 weeks.
The culture pomegranate tree by the way of pomegranate tree cuttage, easy to operate, easy, sapling high survival rate, preferably in the fall
Rainy days carries out the cuttage of treelet, and the survival rate of pomegranate sapling can be improved.
Preferably, the breeding method of pomegranate sapling as described in step (1) is big tree grafting, comprising the following steps:
(1) the soft sub- pomegranate branch grafting in Tunisia is selected, the section of stock is first cut into light, then is vertically rived stock with cleft grafting knife,
Depth is 4cm-5cm, isometric or slightly longer with scion face；
(2) scion is respectively whittled into smooth bevel from the bud two sides of lower part, so that the outside of scion is slightly thicker than inside, wedge shaped, scion is cut
After good, will split seam with knife spine is pried open, and is inserted into scion, when insertion, is aligned scion and stock forming layer, each pomegranate branch can insert
Enter 1-2 scion, each scion stays 2-4 to save, and bevel length is 3cm-4cm；
(3) each anvil fringe engagement one plastic film bag of muzzle is given after the completion of scion, and tightens lower end, to improve survival rate.
Pomegranate tree grafting mostly carries out in growth period, and the grafting of pomegranate tree is preferably carried out in late March to mid-April.
Preferably, the fertilising of pomegranate tree selenium-rich described in step S2 fertilizer used includes biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution
And organic fertilizer, firstly, then the 50-100 times of liquid dilution of biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution is uniformly sprayed thin liquid obtained
On organic fertilizer, it is applied to pomegranate again after organic fertilizer fully absorbs biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution, the fertilizer makes
Dosage is 1-5 jins/strain, digs long 1m-1.5m, depth 15cm- in the tree crown periphery from trunk 20cm-70cm centered on trunk
The annular groove of 30cm, width 20cm-40cm, fertilizer are applied after mixing with surface soil at the 30cm depth root system of underground, earthing immediately after fertilising.
Above-mentioned fertilization mode can also be applied using radial canal fertilising, cave-shaped fertilising, bar ditch fertilising, the fertilising of full garden, irrigation formula
The fertilization modes such as fertilizer, foliage fertilization and cave storage rich water overlay film.
Radial canal fertilising: centered on tree crown, shallow outer deep radial canal, long 1.5m-2m, wide 15cm- in 3-6 item are dug outward
30cm is filled and led up after being sufficiently mixed fertilizer uniformly with soil, can be expanded fertilising face next year or every secondary replacement radial canal position, be promoted
It is absorbed into root system.
Cave-shaped fertilising: uniformly digging the pitting of 20cm-30cm depth outside tree crown, and fertilizer is applied in cave, is then covered.
Bar ditch fertilising: it in pomegranate tree in the ranks or between strain, interlacing or applies fertilizer every strain ditching, also in combination with ploughing deeply progress.
Full garden fertilising: adult pomegranate tree or pomegranate Getting Bumper Crops By Close Planting garden, root system mostly uses this method when being covered with full garden, fertilizer is equal
It is even to be sprinkling upon under pomegranate tree, then plough under in soil, it can apply fertilizer with radial canal and next year replace, mutual tonifying for the deficiency plays the maximum utility of fertilizer.
The fertilising of irrigation formula: applying fertilizer in conjunction with the irrigation formula of the progress such as sprinkling irrigation, trickle irrigation, flood irrigation, since fertilizer is timely, fertilizer point distribution
Uniformly, neither hurt root system, soil protection structure, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and reduces cost, raises labour productivity, irrigation formula is applied
Fertilizer, the adult Pomegranate Garden and High Density Planting Orchard connect to tree crown are more suitable for, can widely popularize.
Foliage fertilization: simple and easy, fertilizer application amount is small, plays a role fast, absorbs obviously within -15 days 10 days after spray, -30 days 25 days
It then disappears, foliage top dressing can improve root system nutrition situation, promote root system development, enhancing absorbability can be with soil application mode knot
It closes and uses, play the maximum efficiency of fertilising.
Preferably, the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of the selenium-rich is further comprising the steps of:
(1) spend preceding top dressing: early and middle ten days in May apply before flowering, and main applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, timely top dressing are able to satisfy
The needs that plant blossom is beared fruit；
(2) spend rear top dressing: the applied nitrogen in the fruiting period of fallen flowers recoil is that pomegranate tree needs fertilizer biggish period at this time, at this time young fruit
It mushrooms out, young sprout Acceleration of growth requires nitrogen nutrition, and top dressing can be reduced physiological fallen fruit；
(3) Fruit and flower bud differentiation period top dressing: applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in Fruit and flower bud differentiation period,
This period part young sprout stops growing, and bud starts to break up, and Photosynthetic Efficiency can be improved in top dressing, promotes nutrient accumulation and fruit swollen
Greatly.
Preferably, pomegranate tree pest control described in step S3 is physical control, at three points of pomegranate tree tree body height
Two at hang insecticidal lamp, lighting time be mid-March to late June.
The pomegranate tree pest control can also using degradation insect-attracting board trapping by the way of, method particularly includes: will degrade
Insect-attracting board is fixed on bamboo chip and waddy, is inserted into Pomegranate Garden and is fixed, and degradation insect-attracting board lower end is higher by pomegranate treetop
10cm-15cm, degradation insect-attracting board direction are advisable with facing east-west direction.At prevention and treatment initial stage, Pomegranate Garden insertion degradation lures worm per acre
It plate 3-5, should be in time by 25-30 insertion degradation insect-attracting boards per acre, when pest is viscous when pest has 5-10 on each colour table
It after full full plate, replaces in time, insect-attracting board of degrading is annual June in March-using the time.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich of the invention, according to pomegranate tree growth cycle
Feature cultivates pomegranate tree in different times, is trimmed, selenium-rich fertilising and pest control processing, ensure that pomegranate tree just
It is frequently grown, the high survival rate of pomegranate tree, yield is high, economic value with higher.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich, comprising the following steps:
S1: the cultivation of pomegranate tree；
Firstly, the cultivation to pomegranate tree treelet:
(1) soft seed pomegranate branch can be managed by, which selecting, does cuttage, and the healthy branch for selecting 1-2 raw of transplanting is cut into every 45cm long；
(2) heatable adobe sleeping platform for digging a 30cm on the ground, the branch chosen tiltedly is put into heatable adobe sleeping platform, the branch Zhan Qi overall length in insertion soil
2/3rds, soil is slowly lain prone into hole after the bucket of falling upper half water, water and soil is allowed to mix naturally, then compressed slightly native；
(3) on sposh bar of concentrating on work at selected units paste to pomegranate branch top, to reduce moisture evaporation；
(4) water was poured again every 2-3 weeks.
Then, Pruning Away Branches processing is carried out to pomegranate tree:
(1) treelet is trimmed: First Year is left the growth of seedling of pomegranate tree, starts trimming appropriate between the 2-3 month of second year, often
1-3 healthy and strong branch is left behind above strain seedling as culture trunk, other branches can be pruned off all, the 3rd year 8-9
It when month, will all be cut apart from 1 meter of sprig below of trunk, 4-6 healthy and strong major branch item is left on trunk, and allow tree
Be preced with it is rounded, give plant sizing；
(2) it prunes branch off: in the stage of pomegranate tree growth, pruning spray, descending branch and overstocked branch that sprout tillers goes out off in time
Item can enhance the translucency and air permeability of tree crown so that the branch of pomegranate tree is uniformly distributed, moreover it is possible to save Nutrients uptake growth;
(3) it trims the branch of excessive growth: wiping out the branch of excessive growth on pomegranate tree trunk in time, the branch of excessive growth can consume a large amount of nutrient, seriously
The growth of major branch is influenced, it is all to upset the tree-like branch of excessive growth, it should all be wiped out from base portion, save Nutrients uptake result;
(4) side shoot trim: when annual July, timely cut short or prune off pomegranate tree apart from ground 45cm with
Under branch, be conducive to the collateral generation on plant top in this way, each season will carry out trimming appropriate to pomegranate tree, can be with
Keep pomegranate tree fruiting more, improves yield.
Later, the clear garden of pomegranate is carried out:
After autumn and winter trimming, disease pest branches and leaves, decayed fruit, mummy are removed in time, are struck off and are stuck up skin, disease pest spot and buried or burning on tree always
Ruin, reduce disease pest source, to the sub- happy 300 times of liquid of board matrine fruit tree type of the garden rudiment Qian Duiquan sprinkling after fallen leaves, when sprinkling pay attention to by
Trunk, which is sprayed to, to drip, including branch, trunk, tree root, plantation blank, ridge, ditch, rubbish heap, weeds, path etc., can
Effectively to remove and kill the germ being hidden in trunk and weeds and worm's ovum；To the trimming of pomegranate tree include remove root turion,
The branch of excessive growth, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, sick branch, descending branch, crossing branch and overlapping branch, and trunk is whitewashed with white-out agent,
The white-out agent includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of quick lime, 0.5 part of salt, 2 parts of lime sulfur stoste, 40 parts of water,
2 parts of clay.
S2: pomegranate tree selenium-rich fertilising；
Selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree by one month in first half of the month at pomegranate florescence.Terminate at the pomegranate florescence to just starting to bear fruit
Selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree.It influences to suggest other stage fertilizing methods under output condition if any fruit drop.Occupy stably fruit
Selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree afterwards.Bear fruit and apply selenium-rich fertilizer interval 15 days after stablizing -- a selenium-rich fertilising can be carried out within 30 days again,
Strengthen selenium-rich content.The fruit picking previous moon carries out selenium-rich fertilising to pomegranate.It can suggest that the fertilising of first time selenium-rich carries out in May.
Above-mentioned pomegranate tree selenium-rich fertilising fertilizer used includes biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution and organic fertilizer, firstly,
By the 50-100 times of liquid dilution of biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution, then thin liquid obtained is uniformly sprayed on organic fertilizer, when
Organic fertilizer is applied to pomegranate after fully absorbing biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution again, and the Fertilizer application amount is 1-5 jins/strain,
Long 1m-1.5m, depth 15cm-30cm, width 20cm-40cm are dug in the tree crown periphery from trunk 20cm-70cm centered on trunk
Annular groove, fertilizer are applied after mixing with surface soil at the 30cm depth root system of underground, earthing immediately after fertilising.
S3: pomegranate tree top dressing；
(1) spend preceding top dressing: early and middle ten days in May apply before flowering, and applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, timely top dressing are able to satisfy plant
It blooms the needs beared fruit；
(2) spend rear top dressing: the applied nitrogen in the fruiting period of fallen flowers recoil is that pomegranate tree needs fertilizer biggish period at this time, at this time young fruit
It mushrooms out, young sprout Acceleration of growth requires nitrogen nutrition, and top dressing can be reduced physiological fallen fruit；
(3) Fruit and flower bud differentiation period top dressing: applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in Fruit and flower bud differentiation period,
This period part young sprout stops growing, and bud starts to break up, and Photosynthetic Efficiency can be improved in top dressing, promotes nutrient accumulation and fruit swollen
Greatly.
S4: pomegranate tree pest control；
Insecticidal lamp is hung at 2/3rds of pomegranate tree tree body height, lighting time is mid-March to late June.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich, comprising the following steps:
S1: the cultivation of pomegranate tree；
Firstly, grafting to pomegranate tree, grafting time is late March:
(1) the soft sub- pomegranate branch grafting in Tunisia is selected, the section of stock is first cut into light, then is vertically rived stock with cleft grafting knife,
Depth is 4cm-5cm, isometric or slightly longer with scion face；
(2) scion is respectively whittled into smooth bevel from the bud two sides of lower part, so that the outside of scion is slightly thicker than inside, wedge shaped, scion is cut
After good, will split seam with knife spine is pried open, and is inserted into scion, when insertion, is aligned scion and stock forming layer, each pomegranate branch can insert
Enter 1-2 scion, each scion stays 2-4 to save, and bevel length is 3cm-4cm；
(3) each anvil fringe engagement one plastic film bag of muzzle is given after the completion of scion, and tightens lower end, to improve survival rate.
Then, Pruning Away Branches processing is carried out to pomegranate tree:
(1) treelet is trimmed: First Year is left the growth of seedling of pomegranate tree, starts trimming appropriate between the 2-3 month of second year, often
1-3 healthy and strong branch is left behind above strain seedling as culture trunk, other branches can be pruned off all, the 3rd year 8-9
It when month, will all be cut apart from 1 meter of sprig below of trunk, 4-6 healthy and strong major branch item is left on trunk, and allow tree
Be preced with it is rounded, give plant sizing；
(2) it prunes branch off: in the stage of pomegranate tree growth, pruning spray, descending branch and overstocked branch that sprout tillers goes out off in time
Item can enhance the translucency and air permeability of tree crown so that the branch of pomegranate tree is uniformly distributed, moreover it is possible to save Nutrients uptake growth;
(3) it trims the branch of excessive growth: wiping out the branch of excessive growth on pomegranate tree trunk in time, the branch of excessive growth can consume a large amount of nutrient, seriously
The growth of major branch is influenced, it is all to upset the tree-like branch of excessive growth, it should all be wiped out from base portion, save Nutrients uptake result;
(4) side shoot is trimmed: when annual 7-8 month, timely cutting short or prune off pomegranate tree apart from ground 45cm
Branch below is conducive to the collateral generation on plant top in this way, and each season will carry out trimming appropriate to pomegranate tree, can
So that pomegranate tree fruiting is more, yield is improved.
Later, the clear garden of pomegranate is carried out:
After autumn and winter trimming, disease pest branches and leaves, decayed fruit, mummy are removed in time, are struck off and are stuck up skin, disease pest spot and buried or burning on tree always
It ruins, reduces disease pest source, spray 300 times of liquid of matrine fruit tree type to the garden rudiment Qian Duiquan after fallen leaves, when sprinkling pays attention to spraying on trunk
Mist to dripping, including branch, trunk, tree root, plantation blank, ridge, ditch, rubbish heap, weeds, path etc., can be effective
Removing and kill the germ being hidden in trunk and weeds and worm's ovum；To the trimming of pomegranate tree include remove root turion, the branch of excessive growth,
Overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, sick branch, descending branch, crossing branch and overlapping branch, and trunk is whitewashed with white-out agent, the painting
The white dose of raw material including following parts by weight: 10 parts of quick lime, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of lime sulfur stoste, 40 parts of water, 2 parts of clay.
S2: pomegranate tree selenium-rich fertilising；
Selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree by one month in first half of the month at pomegranate florescence.Terminate at the pomegranate florescence to just starting to bear fruit
Selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree.It influences to suggest other stage fertilizing methods under output condition if any fruit drop.Occupy stably fruit
Selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree afterwards.Bear fruit and apply selenium-rich fertilizer interval 15 days after stablizing -- a selenium-rich fertilising can be carried out within 30 days again,
Strengthen selenium-rich content.The fruit picking previous moon carries out selenium-rich fertilising to pomegranate.It can suggest that the fertilising of first time selenium-rich carries out in May.
Above-mentioned pomegranate tree selenium-rich fertilising fertilizer used includes biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution and organic fertilizer, firstly,
Then thin liquid obtained is uniformly sprayed on organic fertilizer to, the 50 times of liquid dilutions of biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution when organic
Fertilizer is applied to pomegranate after fully absorbing biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution again, and the Fertilizer application amount is 2 jins/plant, with tree crown
Centered on, shallow outer deep radial canal in 3-6 item is dug outward, and fertilizer and soil are sufficiently mixed by long 1.5m-2m, wide 15cm-30cm
It is filled and led up after even, can expand fertilising face next year or every secondary replacement radial canal position, root system is promoted to absorb.
S3: pomegranate tree top dressing；
(1) spend preceding top dressing: early and middle ten days in May apply before flowering, and applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, timely top dressing are able to satisfy plant
It blooms the needs beared fruit；
(2) spend rear top dressing: the applied nitrogen in the fruiting period of fallen flowers recoil is that pomegranate tree needs fertilizer biggish period at this time, at this time young fruit
It mushrooms out, young sprout Acceleration of growth requires nitrogen nutrition, and top dressing can be reduced physiological fallen fruit；
(3) Fruit and flower bud differentiation period top dressing: applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in Fruit and flower bud differentiation period,
This period part young sprout stops growing, and bud starts to break up, and Photosynthetic Efficiency can be improved in top dressing, promotes nutrient accumulation and fruit swollen
Greatly.
S4: pomegranate tree pest control；
Degradation insect-attracting board is fixed on bamboo chip and waddy, is inserted into Pomegranate Garden and fixes, degradation insect-attracting board lower end is higher by
Pomegranate treetop 10cm-15cm, degradation insect-attracting board direction are advisable with facing east-west direction.At prevention and treatment initial stage, Pomegranate Garden is inserted into per acre
It degrades insect-attracting board 3-5, when pest has 5-10 on each colour table, degradation insect-attracting board should be inserted by 25-30 per acre in time,
It after pest sticks full plate, replaces in time, insect-attracting board of degrading is annual June in March-using the time.
A specific embodiment of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich, which comprises the following steps:
S1: the cultivation of pomegranate tree；
S2: five stages and method when pomegranate tree selenium-rich:
(1) selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree by one month in first half of the month at pomegranate florescence；
(2) terminate to carry out selenium-rich fertilising to pomegranate tree to just starting to bear fruit at the pomegranate florescence, influence yield feelings if any fruit drop
Suggest other stage fertilizing methods under condition；
(3) it occupies stably after fruit and selenium-rich fertilising is carried out to pomegranate tree；
(4) bear fruit and apply selenium-rich fertilizer interval 15 days after stablizing -- a selenium-rich fertilising can be carried out within 30 days again, strengthen selenium-rich content；
(5) the fruit picking previous moon carries out selenium-rich fertilising to pomegranate；
(6) the entire soft seed pomegranate of selenium-rich is no more than 2-3 times using selenium-rich formula fertilizer；
S3: pomegranate tree pest control.
2. the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pomegranate tree described in step S1
Cultivate the following steps are included:
(1) cultivation of pomegranate sapling；
(2) pomegranate Pruning Away Branches, comprising the following steps:
The trimming of a treelet: First Year is left the growth of seedling of pomegranate tree, starts trimming appropriate between the 2-3 month of second year, and every plant
1-3 healthy and strong branch is left behind above seedling as culture trunk, other branches can be pruned off all, the 3rd year 8-9 month
Part when, will all be cut apart from 1 meter of sprig below of trunk, the major branch item of 4-6 stalwartness is left on trunk, allows tree crown
It is rounded, it is formed to plant；
B prunes branch off: in the stage of pomegranate tree growth, prune spray, descending branch and overstocked branch that sprout tillers goes out off in time,
So that the branch of pomegranate tree is uniformly distributed;
C trims the branch of excessive growth: wiping out the branch of excessive growth on pomegranate tree trunk in time;
D side shoot trimming: when annual 7-8 month, timely cut short or prune off pomegranate tree apart from ground 45cm with
Under branch；
(3) the clear garden of pomegranate: after autumn and winter trimming, removing disease pest branches and leaves, decayed fruit, mummy in time, strikes off and sticks up skin, disease pest spot always on tree
And it is buried or burn, disease pest source is reduced, the trimming to pomegranate tree includes removing root turion, the branch of excessive growth, overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, disease pest
Branch, descending branch, crossing branch and overlapping branch, whitewash trunk with white-out agent, the white-out agent includes following parts by weight
Raw material: 10 parts of quick lime, 0.5 part -1 part of salt, 2 parts of lime sulfur stoste, 40 parts of water, 2 parts of clay.
3. the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich according to claim 2, which is characterized in that pomegranate tree as described in step (1)
The breeding method of seedling is treelet cultivation, comprising the following steps:
(1) soft seed pomegranate branch is selected to do cuttage, the healthy branch for selecting 1-2 raw of transplanting is cut into every 45cm long；
(2) heatable adobe sleeping platform for digging a 30cm on the ground, the branch that step (1) selects tiltedly is put into heatable adobe sleeping platform, the branch in insertion soil
Soil is slowly lain prone into hole after the bucket of falling upper half water, water and soil is allowed to mix naturally by 2/3rds of Zhan Qi overall length, is then pressed slightly native
Tightly；
(3) on sposh bar of concentrating on work at selected units paste to pomegranate branch top, to reduce moisture evaporation；
(4) water was poured again every 2-3 weeks.
4. the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich according to claim 2, which is characterized in that pomegranate tree as described in step (1)
The breeding method of seedling is big tree grafting, comprising the following steps:
(1) the soft sub- pomegranate branch grafting in Tunisia is selected, the section of stock is first cut into light, then is vertically rived stock with cleft grafting knife,
Depth is 4cm-5cm, isometric or slightly longer with scion face；
(2) scion is respectively whittled into smooth bevel from the bud two sides of lower part, so that the outside of scion is slightly thicker than inside, wedge shaped, scion is cut
After good, will split seam with knife spine is pried open, and is inserted into scion, when insertion, is aligned scion and stock forming layer, each pomegranate branch can insert
Enter 1-2 scion, each scion stays 2-4 to save, and bevel length is 3cm-4cm；
(3) each anvil fringe engagement one plastic film bag of muzzle is given after the completion of scion, and tightens lower end, to improve survival rate.
5. the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in selenium-rich fertilising stage and method
Pomegranate tree selenium-rich fertilising fertilizer used includes biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution and organic fertilizer, firstly, by biological
Thin liquid obtained, is then uniformly sprayed on organic fertilizer, works as organic fertilizer by the 50-100 times of liquid dilution of nanometer selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution
Material is applied to pomegranate after fully absorbing biological nano selenium Selenium-rich nutrient solution again, and the Fertilizer application amount is 1-5 jins/strain, with trunk
Centered in the tree crown periphery from trunk 20cm-70cm dig the annular groove of long 1m-1.5m, depth 15cm-30cm, width 20cm-40cm,
Fertilizer is applied after mixing with surface soil at the 30cm depth root system of underground, earthing immediately after fertilising.
6. the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
(1) spend preceding top dressing: early and middle ten days in May apply before flowering, and main applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, timely top dressing are able to satisfy
The needs that plant blossom is beared fruit；
(2) rear top dressing is spent: the applied nitrogen in the fruiting period of fallen flowers recoil；
(3) Fruit and flower bud differentiation period top dressing: applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in Fruit and flower bud differentiation period.
7. the soft seed pomegranate breeding method of selenium-rich according to claim 1, pomegranate tree pest control described in step S3 is object
Reason prevention and treatment, which is characterized in that insecticidal lamp is hung at 2/3rds of pomegranate tree tree body height, lighting time is mid-March to 6
The last ten-days period moon,
S4: obtaining minimum content in every 100 grams of finished product pomegranate is 5.9 micrograms, and highest content is that high selenium is 72 micrograms.
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