CN109835041B - 用于汽车内部部件的透明构件 - Google Patents

用于汽车内部部件的透明构件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109835041B
CN109835041B CN201810506777.3A CN201810506777A CN109835041B CN 109835041 B CN109835041 B CN 109835041B CN 201810506777 A CN201810506777 A CN 201810506777A CN 109835041 B CN109835041 B CN 109835041B
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China
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light
transparent member
transparent
resin
layer
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CN109835041A (zh
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朴相必
金铉敦
李祯焕
林英圭
全美贞
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Daewon Chemical Co ltd
Hyundai Mobis Co Ltd
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Daewon Chemical Co ltd
Hyundai Mobis Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。在一个实施方式中，用于汽车内部部件的透明构件包括：光源；光学图案层，形成在光源之上；以及第一透光外皮层，形成在光学图案层上并且包括分散在100重量份的第一透明树脂基质中的1重量份至25重量份的第一无机填料，其中，第一无机填料包括球形碳酸钙。

Description

用于汽车内部部件的透明构件
相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2017年11月27日向韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2017-0159171号的权益，其全部公开内容通过引用结合于本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
背景技术
汽车内部部件为乘客提供舒适性，并且内部部件的外观、感觉等作为确定汽车感知的感受力的重要因素。这些汽车内部部件包括把手、仪表板、门内饰(door trim)、车顶内衬(head liner)等。这些内部部件是确定汽车内部的感知品质的重要因素。
近年来，因为已经对汽车的高品质和个性提出需求，因此已经对确定汽车内部的美感的内部部件的高品质外观提出需求。此外，为了在夜晚或在黑暗的地方行驶期间为汽车中的乘客提供舒适性，汽车内部还包括照明灯、仪表板、开关灯等。此外，为了通过在汽车内部中创建柔和气氛来满足乘客的情绪，汽车内部还可以进一步包括诸如仪表板和门内饰的部件中的情境灯。
同时，这些汽车内部部件可以通过如下方式来制造：将光源布置在不透明的注射模制部件中，对注射模制部件的表面进行涂覆或者使注射模制部件经受表面处理，诸如膜插入模制，以及利用皮革制品覆盖注射模制部件的表面。因此，这些汽车内部部件被配置为使得当未打开灯时，直接暴露内部部件的表面。
与本发明相关的现有技术包括韩国专利申请公开No.2016-0142427(公布于1999年6月15日；标题为：汽车内部部件及其制造方法)。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面致力于用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。在一个实施方式中，用于汽车内部部件的透明构件包括：光源；光学图案层，形成在光源上；以及第一透光外皮层(skin layer)，形成在光学图案层上并且包括分散在100重量份的第一透明树脂基质中的1重量份至25重量份的第一无机填料，其中，第一无机填料包括球形碳酸钙(CaCO3)。
在一个实施方式中，第一透明树脂基质可包括聚碳酸酯树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)树脂、环氧树脂、聚(甲基)丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和三醋酸纤维素(TAC)树脂中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，光学图案层可包括网状物。
在一个实施方式中，光学图案层可包括遮光层，在该遮光层中形成有预定的透光图案。
在一个实施方式中，透光图案可以通过激光蚀刻或油墨转移形成。
在一个实施方式中，第一无机填料可具有0.1μm至100μm的平均粒径。
在一个实施方式中，第一透光外皮层可以进一步包括颜料、染料、光吸收剂和光稳定剂中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，第一无机填料可以进一步包括球形的光漫射填料，并且该光漫射填料可包括金属光漫射填料、硅树脂光漫射填料和丙烯酸光漫射填料中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，预定形状可以形成在第一透光外皮层的上表面或下表面上。
在一个实施方式中，透明构件可以进一步包括第二透光外皮层，该第二透光外皮层形成在光学图案层之下并且包括第二透明树脂基质。
在一个实施方式中，第二透光外皮层可以进一步包括分散在第二透明树脂基质中的第二无机填料，并且第二无机填料可包括球形碳酸钙(CaCO3)。
在一个实施方式中，透明构件可以进一步包括形成在第二透光层之下的背景幕层(backcloth layer)，并且在第二透光外皮层与背景幕层之间可以形成有粘合层。
在一个实施方式中，背景幕层可以形成为包括热塑性树脂、热塑性弹性体和膨化泡沫中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，背景幕层可包括织物、网状物、无纺织物和泡沫形式中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，用于汽车内部部件的透明构件可以是把手、装饰物、仪表板、门内饰、操纵台或车顶内衬。
根据本发明的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件，当光源点亮时，沿着透光图案透射光，并且因此透明构件可具有优异的能见度和美感。此外，它可具有优异的减震和表面纹理、诸如抗冲击性和耐用性等的优异的机械性能、以及设计的高度自由，并且示出了优异的处理效率、生产率和经济效率。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图2示出了根据本发明的另一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图3示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图4示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图5示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图6示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图7(a)至图7(d)是根据本发明的一个实施方式的背景幕层的光学显微镜照片。
图8(a)是在照明之前的本发明的实施例3的透明构件；以及图8(b)是在照明之后的实施例3的透明构件的照片。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的示例性实施方式。然而，本发明可体现为不同形式并且不应被解释为局限于本文所阐述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式使得本公开内容将是全面且完整的，并且向本领域的技术人员完整传达了本发明的范围。附图不必按比例绘制并且在一些情况下，可以夸大比例以便清晰地示出实施方式的特征。此外，尽管为了便于说明仅示出了组成元件的一部分，但是本领域技术人员将容易地识别元件的剩余部分。通常，附图的描述是来自观察者的角度。当一个元件被称为“在”另一个元件“上”或“下”时，不仅指的是元件直接形成为位于另一个元件“上”或“下”的情况，而且指的是在这两个元件之间存在额外元件的情况。此外，本领域技术人员将理解，在不偏离本发明的技术精神的情况下，本发明可以各种不同的形式体现。贯穿附图，相同的参考标号用于指代基本上相同的元件。
如本文中使用的，术语“透明的(transparent)”意味着具有至少80％的可见光透射率的透明度。
用于汽车内部部件的透明构件
本发明的一个方面致力于用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。在一个实施方式中，用于汽车内部部件的透明构件100包括：光源10；光学图案层20，形成在光源10之上；以及第一透光外皮层50，形成在光学图案层20上并且包括分散在100重量份的第一透明树脂基质30中的1重量份至25重量份的第一无机填料40，其中，第一无机填料40包括球形碳酸钙(CaCO3)。
在实施方式中，光源10可包括发光二极管(LED)。
在一个实施方式中，光学图案层20可包括遮光树脂，该遮光树脂中形成有预定透光图案。在一个实施方式中，遮光树脂可包括遮光聚氨酯树脂，但不限于此。遮光聚氨酯树脂可以使用多元醇化合物、异氰酸酯基固化剂和颜料制备。
当应用遮光树脂时，可以抑制除了形成的透光图案之外部分中的光漫射和光透射，并且可以通过透射光形成选择性的透光模式。
在一个实施方式中，透光图案可以通过激光蚀刻或油墨转移在遮光树脂中形成。
在一个实施方式中，光学图案层的厚度可以是0.1mm至5mm。以此厚度，可以保证光学图案层的遮光性能和机械强度。
图2示出了根据本发明的另一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件200。参考图2，光学图案层60可包括网状物。当光学图案层60使用网状物形成时，从光源11发射的光可以通过网状物类型的光学图案层60透射并且通过第一透光外皮层51的正面发射。
在一个实施方式中，第一透明树脂基质30可包括聚碳酸酯树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)树脂、环氧树脂、聚(甲基)丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和三醋酸纤维素(TAC)树脂。例如，它可包括聚氨酯树脂。当使用聚氨酯树脂时，透明构件可具有优异的抗冲击性和耐用性。
例如，聚氨酯树脂可以使用多元醇化合物和异氰酸酯基固化剂制备。多元醇化合物可包括聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚已酸内酯多元醇、聚醚酯多元醇和聚碳酸酯多元醇中的一种或多种。
异氰酸酯基固化剂可包括苯撑二异氰酸酯、甲苯基二异氰酸酯(TDI)、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯和二环己甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，多元醇可具有400g/mol至6000g/mol的重量平均分子量以及25mg KOH/g至30mg KOH/g的羟值。在这些范围中，第一透光外皮层可具有优异的耐用性和机械性能。
在一个实施方式中，第一透明树脂基质可具有150000g/mol至200000g/mol的重量平均分子量。例如，第一透明树脂基质可包括具有150000g/mol至200000g/mol的重量平均分子量的聚氨酯树脂。
在一个实施方式中，第一透光外皮层可以进一步包括常规的均化剂、光稳定剂、UV吸收剂、填料等。
在一个实施方式中，当光源10点亮时，光将通过形成在光学图案层20中的透光图案入射和透射，并且由于第一无机填料40的光学行为(诸如，光漫射和消光)，通过第一透光外皮层50显示的光将具有柔软且温和的感觉而不耀眼。
在一个实施方式中，基于100重量份的第一透明树脂基质，第一透光外皮层可以进一步包括0.1重量份至50重量份的颜料、染料、光吸收剂和光稳定剂中的一种或多种。例如，它可包括0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49或50重量份的颜料、染料、光吸收剂和光稳定剂中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，颜料和染料可包括稀土氧化物颜料、稀土氧化物染料、氧化钛、炭黑、C.I.颜料等。在一个实施方式中，第一透光外皮层可具有0.1mm至5mm的厚度。以此厚度，第一透光外皮层可具有优异的粘附力和机械强度，同时它的透光性能没有减少。
在一个实施方式中，第一无机填料可具有0.1μm至100μm的平均粒径。以此粒径，通过透光图案入射的光可以容易地漫射和熄灭，并且第一无机填料可具有导致优异的可混性和生产率的优异的可分散性。例如，该粒径可以是0.1μm至50μm。例如，该粒径可以是20μm至40μm。例如，该粒径可以是30μm至40μm。
第一无机填料具有球形形状。当第一无机填料具有这个形状时，它可具有优异的消光和光漫射效果。
在一个实施方式中，基于100重量份的第一透明树脂基质，第一透光外皮层包括1至25重量份的第一无机填料。如果第一无机填料包括小于1重量份的量，则第一无机填料的光漫射和光分散效果将是无意义的，并且如果第一无机填料包括大于25重量份的量，则本发明的透明构件的机械性能可能降低。例如，第一无机填料可以包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24或25重量份的量。
在一个实施方式中，除了碳酸钙之外，第一有机填料可以进一步包括球形光漫射填料。在一个实施方式中，球形光漫射填料可包括金属光漫射填料、硅树脂光漫射填料和丙烯酸光漫射填料中的一种或多种。当第一有机填料进一步包括球形光漫射填料时，它可以显示优异的纹理以致可以进一步改善它的能见度和美感。
在一个实施方式中，第一无机填料可包括以重量比为1：2至1：5的光漫射填料和碳酸钙。当第一无机填料可包括以此重量比的光漫射填料和碳酸钙时，它可具有优异的能见度和美感。
图3示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件300。参考图3，在透明构件300的光学图案层21之下，可以进一步形成包括第二透明树脂基质35的第二透光外皮层55。在本发明中使用的第二透光外皮层可以与上述第一透光外皮层相同。
在一个实施方式中，第二透光外皮层可包括颜料、染料、光吸收剂和光稳定剂中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，第二透光外皮层的厚度可以是0.1mm至5mm。以此厚度，第二透光外皮层可具有优异的粘附力和机械强度，同时它的透光性能没有降低。
参考图3，第二透光外皮层55可以进一步包括分散在第二透明树脂基质35中的第二无机填料45，并且第二无机填料可包括球形碳酸钙(CaCO3)。第二无机填料可具有0.1μm至100μm的平均粒径。例如，该平均粒径可以是0.1μm至50μm。例如，该平均粒径可以是20μm至40μm。例如，该平均粒径可以是30μm至40μm。
图4示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件400。参考图4，透明构件400可以进一步包括形成在第二透光外皮层56之下的背景幕层80。在一个实施方式中，在第二透光外皮层56与背景幕层80之间可以形成有粘合层70。
在一个实施方式中，粘合层70可以由透明材料形成以便保证透明度。例如，它可以由硅树脂和丙烯酸粘合剂组合物形成。
在一个实施方式中，粘合层的厚度可以是0.01mm至1mm。以此厚度，粘合层可具有优异的粘附力和机械强度，同时它的透明度没有降低。
在一个实施方式中，背景幕层可以形成为包括热塑性树脂、热塑性弹性体和膨化泡沫中的一种或多种。在一个实施方式中，背景幕层可包括织物、网状物、无纺织物和泡沫形式中的一种或多种。
在一个实施方式中，背景幕层的厚度可以是0.1mm至50mm。以此厚度，本发明的透明构件可具有优异的美感，同时它的透明度没有明显降低。
图7(a)至图7(d)是根据本发明的一个实施方式的背景幕层的光学显微镜照片。参考图7(a)至图7(d)，背景幕层可包括多孔织物。例如，背景幕层可包括如图7(a)所示的气胞织物、如图7(b)所示的纹理织物、如图7(c)所示的微纤维织物或者如图7(d)所示的撕裂纱(splityarn)织物。
在另一个实施方式中，在本发明中使用的背景幕层可以是通过使多孔织物浸渍热塑性树脂和热塑性弹性体而获得的背景幕层。在这种情况下，背景幕层可具有改善的伸长率和弹性，以致它还可以用作片材。
图5示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件，以及图6示出了根据本发明的又一实施方式的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。参考图5和图6，预定的正形状或负形状可以形成在第一透光外皮层53的上表面或下表面上，以致可以进一步改善本发明的透明构件的能见度和美感。
在一个实施方式中，透明构件100可以进一步包括颜色外皮层，该颜色外皮层覆盖透明构件100的至少一部分并且具有形成在其中的对应于透光图案的图案。
在一个实施方式中，用于汽车内部部件的透明构件可以是把手、装饰物、仪表板、门内饰、操纵台或车顶内衬。
在一个实施方式中，透明构件的使用可以提供情境照明或信息显示功能，诸如，驾驶员危险信号，从而使乘客的舒适性最大化并且增加事故预防和安全性。根据本发明的用于汽车内部部件的透明构件，当光源点亮时，沿着透光图案透射光，并且因此透明构件可具有优异能见度和美感。此外，它可具有优异的减震和表面纹理、诸如抗冲击性和耐用性等的优异的机械性能、以及设计的高度自由。此外，可以在诸如皮革覆盖处理等的随后的内部部件制造过程中减少处理阶段的数量，并且因此可以显示优异的处理效率、生产率和经济效率。
在下文中，将更详细描述本发明的优选实施例。然而，应理解的是，这些实施例仅用于说明性目的并且不旨在以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
在LED光源之上布置厚度为0.1mm的光学图案层，该光学图案层包括具有通过激光蚀刻形成的预定透光图案的遮光聚氨酯树脂。在光学图案层上，布置有厚度为1mm的第一透光外皮层，该第一透光外皮层包括分散在100重量份的透明的聚氨酯树脂基质中的1至25重量份的球形第一填料(包括碳酸钙(CaCO3)并且具有30μm的平均颗粒尺寸)。然后，光学图案层和第一透光外皮层被压缩，从而形成用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
实施例2
用于汽车内部部件的透明构件以与上述实施例1中描述的相同方式形成，除了应用包括网状物的厚度为0.5mm的光学图案层之外。
实施例3
制备厚度为0.1mm的光学图案层，该光学图案层包括具有通过激光蚀刻形成的预定透光图案的遮光聚氨酯树脂。在光学图案层上，布置有厚度为1mm的第一透光外皮层，该第一透光外皮层包括分散在100重量份的透明的聚氨酯树脂基质中的1至25重量份的球形第一无机填料(包括碳酸钙(CaCO3)并且具有30μm的平均颗粒尺寸)。然后，在光学图案层之下布置有厚度为1mm的第二透光外皮层，该第二透光外皮层包括分散在100重量份的透明的聚氨酯树脂基质中的1至25重量份的球形第二无机填料(包括碳酸钙(CaCO3)并且具有30μm的平均颗粒尺寸)。第一透光外皮层、光学图案层和第二透光外皮层被压缩。然后，丙烯酸粘合剂被应用到第二透光外皮层的下表面，从而形成厚度为0.05mm的粘合层。在粘合层之下，布置有厚度为1mm的背景幕层。此后，LED光源被布置在背景幕层之下，从而形成用于汽车内部部件的透明构件。
图8(a)是在照明之前的根据本发明的实施例3的透明构件的照片；以及图8(b)是在照明之后的实施例3的透明构件的照片。参考图8，可以看出在光源的照明之前，光学图案未暴露，但是在光源的照明之后，选择性透光图案通过形成在光学图案层中的预定的透光图案透射的光而形成。
尽管已经为了说明性目的描述了本发明的优选实施方式，然而本领域技术人员将理解，在不偏离在所附权利要求中公开的本发明的范围和精神的情况下，可以进行各种变形、添加和替换。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于汽车内部部件的透明构件，包括：
光源；
光学图案层，形成在所述光源之上；
第一透光外皮层，形成在所述光学图案层上并且包括第一透明树脂基质和分散在100重量份的所述第一透明树脂基质中的1重量份至25重量份的第一无机填料；
第二透光外皮层，形成在所述光学图案层之下并且包括第二透明树脂基质和分散在100重量份的所述第二透明树脂基质中的1重量份至25重量份的第二无机填料；
透明的粘合层，形成在所述第二透光外皮层之下；以及
背景幕层，形成在所述粘合层之下，
其中，所述第一无机填料和所述第二无机填料各自包括球形碳酸钙，所述背景幕层是通过使多孔织物浸渍热塑性树脂和热塑性弹性体中的一种或多种而获得的，并且其中，所述光学图案层包括遮光树脂，该遮光树脂中形成有预定的透光图案，
其中，所述透光图案通过激光打印或油墨转移而形成，
在所述光源的照明之后，通过所述透光图案透射的光而呈现透光图案。
2.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，所述第一透明树脂基质包括聚碳酸酯树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚(甲基)丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂和三醋酸纤维素树脂中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，所述光学图案层包括网状物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，所述第一无机填料的平均粒径为0.1μm至100μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，所述第一透光外皮层包括颜料、染料、光吸收剂和光稳定剂中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，所述第一无机填料进一步包括球形光漫射填料，其中，所述球形光漫射填料包括金属光漫射填料、硅树脂光漫射填料和丙烯酸光漫射填料中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，在所述第一透光外皮层的上表面或下表面上形成有预定形状。
8.根据权利要求1所述的透明构件，其中，所述透明构件是把手、装饰物、仪表板、门内饰、操纵台或车顶内衬。
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