CN109757341A - A kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape - Google Patents
A kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757341A CN109757341A CN201910141235.5A CN201910141235A CN109757341A CN 109757341 A CN109757341 A CN 109757341A CN 201910141235 A CN201910141235 A CN 201910141235A CN 109757341 A CN109757341 A CN 109757341A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The present invention relates to water-saving irrigation fields, provide a kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape, pass through two asymmetric drip irrigation zones of flow being laid on cultivation ridge and in cultivation ditch, it is asymmetric using the flow of two drip irrigation zones, soil moisture distribution is set preferably to adapt to grape root system distribution, promote Growth of Grape, increases yield.Method of the invention is simple and easy, and hollow billet investment in field reduces 1/3 compared with conventional three pipe arrangements, and management easily, and improves crop yield on the basis of effectively water-saving, achievees the purpose that synergy for fruit tree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water-saving irrigation technique field, in particular to the dual tube flow of a kind of Extremely arid area grape is asymmetric
Drip irrigation method.
Background technique
Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang (i.e. Turpan, Xinjiang and Hami Prefecture) belongs to Extremely arid area, when the annual sunshine in this area
Number is 2957.7~3122.8 hours, and >=10 DEG C of annual accumutions are 4525.5~5548.9 DEG C, is provided for grape production good
Sunlight-heat reaources become the famous grape production base in China, as local characteristic pillar industry, the total face wine-growing Zhan
Long-pending 80.3%, becomes the main economic source of increasing peasant income, wherein accounting for the 68.6% of the wine-growing gross area at age vineyard.
But since irrigation method falls behind, most area uses traditional Surface irrigation irrigation method, and partial region irrigation norm is up to 2.7
×104m3/hm2, grape water consumption accounts for the 90% of agricultural crops total water consumption, and Developing Grape efficient water-saving irrigation technology becomes should
Alleviate one of the main path of the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource in area.
Turpan- Hami basin began to grape drip irrigation early in 1980 in terms of experimental study, draw after last century the nineties successively
Fairly large grape drip irrigation technology is started after into Israel's drip irrigation technique and U.S.'s infiltration irrigation technology, especially 1997 year
Demonstration project construction, the grape drip irrigation area that entire Turfan Prefecture is built successively have reached 1000hm2More than.But using drop
After irrigation technology, since the regional nature environmental condition to Turfan Prefecture extreme drought condition recognizes deficiency, other are blindly indiscriminately imitated
Regional drip irrigation technique is applied to locality, insufficient to recognizing at age grape Consumption Characteristics and law of needing the water, lacks effective skill in addition
The support of art achievement, the water consumpation administrative skill of no science are instructed, and lead into age grape fruit drop, yield significantly drops
It is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of dual tube flow asymmetry trickle irrigation sides of Extremely arid area grape
Method.Method management provided by the invention easily, can improve crop yield on the basis of effectively water-saving, achieve the purpose that synergy.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape, comprising the following steps:
(1) arrange that the first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone, first drip irrigation zone are arranged in cultivation in grape main root two sides
On ridge, dripping end flow 3.3L/h, water dropper spacing is 30cm；Second drip irrigation zone is arranged in cultivation ditch, and dripping end flow is
2.7L/h, water dropper spacing are 40cm；
(2) it within the breeding time of grape, is irrigated according to the law of needing the water of grape root system.
Preferably, first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone independently are 30~50cm at a distance from grape main root.
Preferably, the internal diameter of first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone is 16mm.
Preferably, first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone are layed in earth's surface.
Preferably, the cultivation mode of the grape is pony set mode, greenhouse frame mode or hedge frame mode.
Preferably, the system of the irrigation are as follows: in bear fruit phase and the fruit expanding period of grape, pour water for 2~5 days primary, often
Secondary irrigation quantity is 35m3/ mu is poured water once in germination-frondesce stage, florescence, fructescence and complicated and confused 7~10 days maturity periods,
Each irrigation quantity is 35m3/ mu.
The present invention provides a kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation methods of Extremely arid area grape, comprising the following steps:
(1) arrange that the first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone, first drip irrigation zone are arranged on cultivation ridge in grape main root two sides, water dropper
Flow is 3.3L/h, and water dropper spacing is 30cm；Second drip irrigation zone is arranged in cultivation ditch, dripping end flow 2.7L/h, drop
Head spacing is 40cm；(2) it within the breeding time of grape, is irrigated according to the law of needing the water of grape root system.The present invention is cultivating
Two asymmetric drip irrigation zones of flow are laid on ridge and in cultivation ditch, it is asymmetric using the flow of two drip irrigation zones, make the soil water
Distribution preferably adapts to grape root system distribution, improves the utilization efficiency of water, promotes Growth of Grape, increase yield.
The present invention reduces moisture on the basis of conveying and field are lost in trickle irrigation, for special Province Extreme Arid Climate condition and grape
The law of needing the water of root system is irrigated using asymmetric flow, guarantees the formation of crop water and yield；It is provided by the invention double
Pipe flow asymmetry drip irrigation method can change the need of fruit tree, water consumption form, to influence Growth of Grape, form a kind of people
The field management effect of work；And the present invention is two pipe arrangements, and compared with three conventional pipe method for arranging, field hollow billet is thrown
Money can reduce 1/3.Embodiment the result shows that, irrigated using the grape field of method of the invention to Extremely arid area, grape
Yield and three pipe arrangement yield are substantially close to and being far longer than two-tube asymmetrical arrangement, illustrate two-tube unsymmetrical arrangement
Mode can replace three pipe arrangements, not only influence less on vintage, but also greatly reduce mu investment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the drip irrigation zone arrangement schematic diagram of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that diagrammatic cross-section is arranged in the drip irrigation zone of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of the invention；
In Fig. 1~2: the field 1-, the first drip irrigation zone 2-, the second drip irrigation zone 3-, 4- frame, 5- vine；
Fig. 3 is the photosynthetic comparative analysis figure of grape in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is Foliar surface area index variation figure in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is grape fruit volume change comparison diagram in embodiment 1；
It is vintage comparison diagram that Fig. 6, which is in embodiment 1,；
Fig. 7 is grape fruit volume change comparison diagram in embodiment 2；
It is vintage comparison diagram that Fig. 8, which is in embodiment 2,.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation methods of Extremely arid area grape, comprising the following steps:
(1) arrange that the first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone, first drip irrigation zone are arranged in cultivation in grape main root two sides
On ridge, dripping end flow 3.3L/h, water dropper spacing is 30cm；Second drip irrigation zone is arranged in cultivation ditch, and dripping end flow is
2.7L/h, water dropper spacing are 40cm；
(2) it within the breeding time of grape, is irrigated according to the law of needing the water of grape root system.
The present invention arranges the first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone in grape main root two sides.In the present invention, the grape
Cultivation mode is pony set mode, greenhouse frame mode or hedge frame mode；First drip irrigation zone is arranged on cultivation ridge, water dropper stream
Amount is 3.3L/h, and water dropper spacing is 30cm.In the present invention, second drip irrigation zone is arranged in cultivation ditch, and dripping end flow is
2.7L/h, water dropper spacing are 40cm.
In the present invention, first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone be independently preferably 30 at a distance from grape main root~
50cm, more preferably 35~55cm；The internal diameter of first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone is both preferably 16mm.
In the present invention, first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone are layed in earth's surface.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone are preferably connected to the branch of drip irrigation system
Guan Shang carries out control of pouring water by the valve water meter being mounted on branch pipe；In the present invention, it is 40mm that the branch pipe, which is preferably internal diameter,
Or the PE pipe of 50mm.
The setting parameter of drip irrigation zone of the present invention be according to the distribution of grape root system and the effective soil layer range of soil into
Row determination；In the present invention, the distribution of the grape root system includes horizontal distribution range and vertical distribution range, at this
In the specific embodiment of invention, preferably european grape root is dug out, then by root system longitudinal direction and vertical direction to root system range and length
It is determined after carrying out data analysis；In the present invention, the effective soil layer range by measurement the entire breeding time water content of grape and
Water consumption determines that specific measuring method and condition are using well known to those skilled in the art.To the Portugal of Extremely arid area
Grape root system carries out investigation discovery, and cultivation ditch and the root system range for cultivating ridge are different, at cultivation ridge Root Distributions
More, in order to better meet grape root system water suction, the present invention uses the biggish drip irrigation zone of dripping end flow on cultivation ridge, is planting
It trains and uses the lesser drip irrigation zone of dripping end flow in ditch, soil moisture distribution can be made preferably to adapt to grape root system distribution model in this way
It encloses, on the basis of water-saving, meet grape root system needs water requirement.
After drip irrigation zone deploys, the present invention is filled within the breeding time of grape according to the law of needing the water of grape root system
It irrigates.In the present invention, the system of the irrigation is preferred are as follows: in bear fruit phase and the fruit expanding period of grape, pour water within 2~5 days primary,
Each irrigation quantity is 35m3/ mu pours water one in germination-frondesce stage, florescence, fructescence and complicated and confused 7~10 days maturity periods
Secondary, each irrigation quantity is 35m3/ mu；Furthermore in fructescence, harvesting is not poured water for first 10~20 days, need to burying pier period
It pours water primary, irrigation quantity is preferably 100m3/ mu, to guarantee grape safe overwintering；In the present invention, each irrigation period
Preferably 3~4 days；Irrigation program of the invention is empirically determined by nearly 10 years, meets the law of needing the water of grape root system, can
So that grape root system is obtained effective moisture supply, is irrigated in conjunction with dual tube flow asymmetry trickle irrigation method of the invention, Neng Gou
Moisture is reduced on the basis of transport and field are lost, guarantees the formation for needing water and yield of grape.
Scheme provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but they cannot be interpreted as pair
The restriction of the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Field experiment is carried out in the village Turpan, Xinjiang Tie Tier:
(1) experiment condition: the soil texture is mainly gravel sandy loam, and grape variety is seedless white, field planting in 1981, major groove
Field planting, east-west, ditch long 54m, 1.0~1.2m of furrow width, ditch depth 0.5m or so；Spacing in the rows about 1.2~1.5m, line-spacing 3.5m；It plants
Training mode is that pony set is cultivated, the high 1.5m in frame front end, the high 0.8m in rear end, 10 mu of the gross area.
Experimental group: 9 mu of area, two asymmetric drip irrigation zones of flow are laid on cultivation ridge and in cultivation ditch, wherein planting
It is laid with drip irrigation zone douche in banking up and uses dripping end flow 3.3L/h, spacing 30cm, cultivation ditch is laid with drip irrigation zone douche and uses
Dripping end flow 2.7L/h, spacing 40cm, hollow billet mainly use the drip irrigation zone 16mm, and drip irrigation zone is arranged in earth's surface.Connect drip irrigation zone
Branch pipe managed using 40mmPE or 50mmPE；Drip irrigation zone is connected on the branch pipe of drip irrigation system, by the valve being mounted on branch pipe
Water meter carries out irrigation quantity control.The arrangement schematic diagram of drip irrigation zone is as shown in Fig. 1~2.
Control group 1: three pipe of earth's surface arrangement respectively arranges 1 drip irrigation zone cultivating european grape root two sides in ditch, arranges 1 on ridge
Trickle irrigation, trickle irrigation flow and water dropper spacing are all 3.2L/h, 30cm, 0.5 mu of area.
Control group 2: earth's surface is two-tube to be arranged symmetrically, and the method for arranging of drip irrigation zone is identical with experimental group, only by trickle irrigation flow and
Water dropper spacing is all set to 3.2L/h, 30cm, and area is 0.5 mu.
(2) irrigation program: the grape time of infertility about 215 days altogether, pouring water 20 times altogether, irrigating water quota 35m3/ mu, irrigation norm
700m3/ mu.Specific irrigation program is shown in Table 1.
1 grape dual tube flow asymmetry trickle irrigation method irrigation program of table
Control group 1 is identical with experimental group with the irrigation program of control group 2.
(3) experimental result
Fig. 3 is the photosynthetic comparative analysis figure of grape of experimental group and control group, according to Fig. 1 as can be seen that three kinds of irrigation methods
Photosynthetic diurnal course be in bimodal variation, Net Photosynthetic Rate reaches peak value when noon 12, then falling for some time, afternoon
Reach another peak value when 16, but the second minor peaks are significantly lower than the first minor peaks.From the Net Photosynthetic Rate of three kinds of irrigation methods
From the point of view of comparing, earth's surface is two-tube to be arranged symmetrically mode and is below other two kinds of irrigation techniques, two-tube asymmetry cloth at each moment
It sets mode and three pipe arrangement mode of earth's surface relatively, but is generally also somewhat below three pipe irrigation technique of earth's surface.
Fig. 4 is the leaf area index variation diagram of experimental group and control group.According to Fig. 4 as can be seen that in May, it is two-tube not
The leaf area index increase of symmetric pattern is most fast, followed by three pipe die formulas, and the leaf area index increase of two-tube symmetric pattern is most slow
Slowly.
Fig. 5 is the fruit volume change figure of experimental group and control group.According to Fig. 5 as can be seen that the Portugal of three kinds of irrigation techniques
Grape fruit growth change process is almost the same, no significant change.
Fig. 6 is the vintage comparison diagram of experimental group and control group.According to Fig. 6 as can be seen that in three kinds of irrigation techniques
Three pipe die formula yield highest of table, secondly two-tube asymmetry, is finally two-tube symmetrical, but irrigation technique processing is compared to two-tube in three
It is asymmetric with three pipe arrangement yield substantially close to and being far longer than two-tube asymmetrical arrangement, illustrate two-tube asymmetry cloth
The mode of setting can replace three pipe arrangements, not only influence less on vintage, but also greatly reduce mu investment.
Embodiment 2
Field experiment is carried out in Shanshan testing site.
(1) experiment condition: the soil texture is mainly gravel sandy loam, and grape variety is seedless white, planting type pony set
Cultivation, the high 1.5m in frame front end, the high 0.8m in rear end, 60 mu of the gross area.
Experimental group is two-tube unsymmetrical arrangement mode, and drip irrigation zone parameter and embodiment 1 are identical；
Control group 1 is three pipe arrangement mode of earth's surface, and drip irrigation zone parameter and embodiment 1 are identical；
Control group 2 is the two-tube symmetric pattern of earth's surface, and drip irrigation zone parameter and embodiment 1 are identical.
(2) irrigation program and embodiment 1 are identical, are shown in Table 1.
(3) experimental result
Fig. 7 is the grape fruit growth change figure of experimental group and control group.According to Fig. 7 as can be seen that Shanshan testing site three
Kind irrigation technique processing grape fruit growth change difference is obvious, and the pipe of earth's surface three and two-tube asymmetric processing growth rate are obviously high
It is two-tube in earth's surface, but the fruit growth rate outline for entering three pipe of earth's surface after fruit expanding stage is two-tube higher than earth's surface asymmetry.
Fig. 8 is the vintage comparison diagram of experimental group and control group.According to Fig. 8 as can be seen that in three kinds of irrigation techniques
Three pipe die formula yield highest of table, secondly two-tube asymmetry, is finally two-tube symmetrical, but three kinds of irrigation technique processing are compared to two-tube
It is asymmetric with three pipe arrangement yield substantially close to and being far longer than two-tube asymmetrical arrangement, and of the invention two-tube
The input cost of unsymmetrical arrangement mode is lower by 1/3 or so than three pipe arrangements, and input cost and vintage are comprehensively considered,
Two-tube unsymmetrical arrangement mode of the invention is more economically reasonable, and therefore, two-tube unsymmetrical arrangement mode of the invention can generation
For three pipe arrangements, not only vintage is influenced less, but also greatly reduces mu investment.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method provided by the invention can be by field hollow billet
Investment reduces 1/3, and management easily, and can improve crop yield on the basis of effectively water-saving, reaches the mesh of synergy for fruit tree
, the irrigation suitable for Extremely arid area grape.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape, which comprises the following steps:
(1) arrange that the first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone, first drip irrigation zone are arranged on cultivation ridge in grape main root two sides,
Dripping end flow is 3.3L/h, and water dropper spacing is 30cm；Second drip irrigation zone is arranged in cultivation ditch, dripping end flow 2.7L/
H, water dropper spacing are 40cm；
(2) it within the breeding time of grape, is irrigated according to the law of needing the water of grape root system.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone and grape main root
Distance independently be 30~50cm.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the internal diameter of first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone is
16mm。
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein first drip irrigation zone and the second drip irrigation zone are layed in ground
Table.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation mode of the grape is pony set mode, greenhouse
Frame mode or hedge frame mode.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the system of the irrigation are as follows: in bear fruit phase and the fruit of grape
Real expanding stage, primary, each irrigation quantity of pouring water for 2~5 days are 35m3/ mu, germination-frondesce stage, the florescence, fructescence and
7~10 days complicated and confused maturity periods poured water once, and each irrigation quantity is 35m3/ mu.
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| CN201910141235.5A CN109757341A (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | A kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910141235.5A CN109757341A (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | A kind of dual tube flow asymmetry drip irrigation method of Extremely arid area grape |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111820066A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-27 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Grape moisture management method based on drip irrigation water supply mode in northern soil-buried cultivation area |
| CN114391462A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-26 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for efficiently utilizing water of asparagus |
| CN117243090A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-12-19 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Water ration system for agricultural irrigation |
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| CN2739952Y (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2005-11-16 | 李维荣 | Outlet safety preventer of irrigation of agricultural field |
| CN2894255Y (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-05-02 | 张军 | Micro sprinkling irrigation pipe with axial asymmetric holes |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111820066A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-27 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Grape moisture management method based on drip irrigation water supply mode in northern soil-buried cultivation area |
| CN114391462A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-26 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for efficiently utilizing water of asparagus |
| CN114391462B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-10 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for efficiently utilizing water of asparagus |
| CN117243090A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-12-19 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Water ration system for agricultural irrigation |
| CN117243090B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-03-29 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Water ration system for agricultural irrigation |
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Application publication date: 20190517 |