CN109729776A - A kind of efficient control method of weeds - Google Patents
A kind of efficient control method of weeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN109729776A CN109729776A CN201910215594.0A CN201910215594A CN109729776A CN 109729776 A CN109729776 A CN 109729776A CN 201910215594 A CN201910215594 A CN 201910215594A CN 109729776 A CN109729776 A CN 109729776A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficient control methods of weeds, comprising the following steps: 1) site preparation；2) material is spread fertilizer over the fields；3) it turns over；4) sufficient water is irrigated: bright water is shown in broad irrigation to earth's surface；5) it covers mulch: after the irrigation of sufficient water, monolith mulch being selected to cover rapidly, surrounding is compressed with soil block, forms a relatively closed environment；6) overlay film is closed；7) film sunning is taken off, the landscape seeds of flowering plants is sowed.The method of the present invention, more traditional weed control method, method is simple, cost is relatively low, easy to spread.Not merely with the decomposed organic fertilizer of high temperature, Planting risk is reduced, increases soil fertility, while killing grass seeds, effectively prevents weeds, provide good growing environment for subsequent plant growth.The method of the present invention is subsequent hardly to use chemical herbicide, without artificial weeding, reduces input cost simultaneously, can effectively prevent Herbicide-resistant weeds, delay the generation of herbicide resistance, be conducive to the green Sustainable Treatment of weeds.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to garden afforestation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of efficient control method of weeds.
Background technique:
Weeds are the agriculture and forestry harmful organisms of a kind of tool duration harm, interfere purpose plant growth, and adverse condition is propagated
Pest and disease damage hinders mechanical planting, increases input cost, be to endanger one of important biomolecule factor of afforestation industry.In recent years, by
It the reasons such as uses in lack of labor, herbicide are unreasonable, leads to that China's malignant weed occurrence degree aggravates, the succession of community adds
Fastly, intractable weed population highlights, and herbicide resistance is quickly grown, and increases weeds Sustainable Treatment difficulty.China gardens weeds
Have 1454 kinds (containing subspecies, mutation, modification), more than 130 of serious harm, is divided into 5th area, 8 subprovince weeds vegetation patterns, wherein disliking
37 kinds of weeds of property, 96 kinds of regional malignant weed.The growth of weeds not only consumes a large amount of soil nutrient and moisture, adds simultaneously
The big planting cost of landscape plant, artificial weeding, weeding by machine are difficult to carry out again in dense planting plant.There is document announcement, I
In the case that state puts into 23,500,000,000 yuan of expensess for prevention and control every year, weeds still cause nearly hundred billion yuan of direct economic loss.
A kind of efficient control of weeds technology has been also failed at present, and traditional control method is main following several: 1, artificial
Weeding.It is taken a lot of work using artificial weeding, is time-consuming, and removed and be not thorough, labor shortage in addition increases so that recruitment is expensive, recruitment is difficult
Input cost.2, chemical prevention.Herbicide has the types such as earlier processing soil treatment agent, steriland herbicide, selective herbicide, but
It is long-term largely to use herbicide, not only enhance malignant weed drug resistance, increase difficulty of prevention and cure, can also welding, be unfavorable for
The sustainable Green Development of agriculture and forestry.3, weeding by machine.The weed control equipment weeding drawn using animal power or machine power, but it is such not
It is applicable in gardens dense planting plant.4, ecological weeding.Using weeding agricultural or other measures, creating one within the scope of larger area has
It is unfavorable for the ecological environment of weeds breeding conducive to target plant growth.Rice field-upland field rotation system is such as carried out, to many intolerant to water logging
Or not drought-resistant weeds have good control action, but such methods range is limited to, and cannot be widely applied.Therefore invent one kind
The efficient control method of weeds is extremely urgent, not only reduces manpower and material resources investment, can also reduce pest and disease damage, reduces chemistry
Herbicide uses, and is conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry green ecological.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient control methods of weeds, break traditional weed control method, benefit
With organic fertilizer, lime nitrogen compounding application, using summer long-time hot weather, plastic film mulching after largely pouring water not only effectively is killed
Dead grass seeds reduces subsequent weed growth, while killing harmful pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum, reduces pest and disease damage, efficiently reduces weeds
Growth, and good environment is provided for landscape plant growth, while preserving the ecological environment, production cost is reduced, is realized green
Color sustainable development.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of control method of weeds, method includes the following steps:
1) site preparation: a period of time that selection summer August weather is most warm, illumination is best, first the weeds on vacant lot, residual branch are fallen
Leaf carries out arrangement removing；
2) material is spread fertilizer over the fields: will be during non-decomposed manure material be manured into soil, and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields lime nitrogen；
3) turn over: turning over mixes well soil, organic fertilizer, lime nitrogen；
4) sufficient water is irrigated: bright water is shown in broad irrigation to earth's surface；
5) it covers mulch: after the irrigation of sufficient water, monolith mulch being selected to cover rapidly, surrounding is compressed with soil block, forms one
Relatively closed environment；
6) natural high-temperature acts on: after overlay film is closed, humid tropical condition at least 25d in film is kept, wherein having at least 15d's
During which the fine hot weather prevents rainwater from pouring into film；
7) it takes off film sunning: throwing off mulch, plowed soils is dried, and after 5~10d earth's surface dry and wet is suitable, sows landscape
The seeds of flowering plants.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, non-decomposed manure material described in step 2) be cow dung, mushroom slag, Chinese medicine slag,
At least one of agricultural crop straw of chopping etc..
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, the dosage of non-decomposed manure described in step 2) is 1~2t/ mus.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, the dosage of the lime nitrogen is 40~60kg/ mus.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, soil need to be turned over 2~3 times in step 3), and ploughing depth is up to 25~30cm.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, broad irrigation makes the water capacity in plot reach 70%~80% in step 4)
For best water-holding capacity.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme, after overlay film is closed in step (6), keep film in humid tropical condition 25d~
50d, further preferably 25d~40d.
Most preferred technique scheme of the invention are as follows:
1) site preparation: a period of time that selection summer August weather is most warm, illumination is best, first the weeds on vacant lot, residual branch are fallen
Leaf carries out arrangement removing；
2) spread fertilizer over the fields material: by non-decomposed manure material such as cow dung, mushroom slag, Chinese medicine slag, chopping agricultural crop straw in
During at least one is manured into soil by 1~2t/ mus of dosages, and lime nitrogen is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields, by the dosage of 40~60kg per acre；
3) it turns over: turning over 2~3 times, ploughing depth mixes well soil, organic fertilizer, lime nitrogen up to 25~30cm；
4) sufficient water is irrigated: bright water is shown in broad irrigation to earth's surface, and the water capacity in plot is made to reach 70%~80% most
Good water-holding capacity；
5) it covers mulch: when soil reaches best water-holding capacity, selecting monolith mulch to cover rapidly, surrounding soil block pressure
Tightly, a relatively closed environment is formed；
6) natural high-temperature acts on: after overlay film is closed, keeping humid tropical condition at least 25d in film, wherein at least there is 15d's
During which the fine hot weather prevents rainwater from pouring into film；
7) it takes off film sunning: throwing off mulch, plowed soils is dried, and after 5~10d earth's surface dry and wet is suitable, sows landscape
The seeds of flowering plants.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention is that the prevention and treatment of weeds provides a kind of efficient method, more traditional weed control method, method simply, at
This is lower, easy to spread.
2, the method for the present invention using non-decomposed manure material for example cow dung, mushroom slag, Chinese medicine slag, chopping agricultural crop straw etc. and
Lime nitrogen not merely with the decomposed organic fertilizer of high temperature, reduces Planting risk, increases soil fertility, kill simultaneously as fill material
Dead grass seeds, effectively prevents weeds, provides good growing environment for subsequent plant growth.
3, the method for the present invention is subsequent hardly uses chemical herbicide, without artificial weeding, reduces input cost simultaneously,
Herbicide-resistant weeds can be effectively prevented, the generation of herbicide resistance is delayed, are conducive to the green Sustainable Treatment of weeds.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is site preparation picture of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the picture that the present invention spreads fertilizer over the fields material
Fig. 3 is the picture of present invention covering mulch
Fig. 4 is to use coreopsis landscape picture after the method for the present invention
Fig. 5 is to use youth-and-old-age landscape picture after the method for the present invention
Specific embodiment:
A kind of efficient control method of the weeds of embodiment 1
1. materials and methods
1.1 test material
Test site selects in Nanjing vegetables Science Institute, the town Heng Xi base, Jiangning District.Test period is
At the beginning of in Augusts, 2017.The landscape seeds of flowering plants selects coreopsis, and lime nitrogen (nitrolim) is mentioned by Darong Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Ningxia
For organic fertilizer is provided by Nantong Huinong's biological organic fertilizer Co., Ltd.
1.2 test method
1.2.1 experimental design
Test sets experimental group and control group.Experimental group: a period of time that selection summer August weather is most warm, illumination is best, first
Weeds, the broken branches and fallen leaves on vacant lot is subjected to arrangement removing (such as Fig. 1)；During non-decomposed cow dung is manured into soil by 1t/ mus of dosages,
And lime nitrogen is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields, (such as Fig. 2) is used by the dosage of 50kg per acre.It turns over 2~3 times, ploughing depth makes up to 25~30cm
Soil, organic fertilizer, lime nitrogen mix well；Broad irrigation to earth's surface is shown in bright water, and the water capacity in plot is made to reach 70%；
Monolith mulch is selected to cover (such as Fig. 3) rapidly, surrounding is compressed with soil block, forms a relatively closed environment；Persistently keep film
Mulch is thrown off after interior humid tropical condition 25d, plowed soils is dried, and after 5d earth's surface dry and wet is suitable, broadcasts sowing coreopsis kind
Sub (such as Fig. 4), application rate 5g/m2.Control group: after site preparation, do not poured water using equal conditions not the blank of overlay film as
Control.
After coreopsis seed germination 10d, 20d, 30d (experimental group reference numeral: T1, T2, T3, control group reference numeral:
CK1, CK2, CK3) randomly select at 5 points in experimental group and control group respectively, sampling side 0.25m2, investigation weeds (gramineae weed,
Broadleaf weeds and sedge weed) strain number and overground part fresh weight to obtain plant preventive effect and weight preventive effect analyze different disposal pair
The control efficiency of coreopsis weeds.
1.2.2 testing index
The weeds strain number of strain preventive effect (%)=(weeds strain number-experimental group weeds strain number of control group)/control group
Weight preventive effect (%)=(weeds weight-experimental group weeds weight of control group)/control group weeds weight
2. result and analysis
The efficient control method of weeds compares coreopsis gramineae weed preventive effect under 1 different number of days of table
As shown in Table 1, this method is obvious to the gramineae weed control efficiency on coreopsis Landscaping flower ground, emerges in coreopsis
When 10d, strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect respectively reach 91% and 91.7%.Over time, it whether strain preventive effect or weighs
Preventive effect is measured, still reaches 80% or more, anti-grass significant effect.
The efficient control method of weeds compares coreopsis broadleaf weeds preventive effect under 2 different number of days of table
As shown in Table 2, this method is good to the broadleaf weeds control efficiency on coreopsis Landscaping flower ground, emerges in coreopsis
When 10d, strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect respectively reach 84.9% and 85.5%.Over time, whether strain preventive effect or
Weight preventive effect, still reaches 75% or more.
The efficient control method of weeds compares coreopsis sedge weed preventive effect under 3 different number of days of table
As shown in Table 3, this method is preferable to the sedge weed control efficiency on coreopsis Landscaping flower ground, emerges in coreopsis
When 10d, strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect are up to 100%.Over time, whether strain preventive effect or weight preventive effect, still reach
To 70% or more.
In conclusion this method to often occur in coreopsis landscape ground gramineae weed, broadleaf weeds, sedge weed
Equal weeds have good control efficiency, and effect will not disappear over time, wherein preventing gramineae weed
Control that effect is particularly evident, and the strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect to sedge weed be when coreopsis emerges 10d, even up to
100%.
A kind of efficient control method of the weeds of embodiment 2
1. materials and methods
1.1 test material
Test site, test period, test material are the same as example 1.The landscape seeds of flowering plants selects youth-and-old-age.
1.2 test method
1.2.1 experimental design
Test sets experimental group and control group.Experimental group: a period of time that selection summer August weather is most warm, illumination is best, first
Weeds, the broken branches and fallen leaves on vacant lot is subjected to arrangement removing；During not decomposed Chinese medicine slag is manured into soil by 1.5t/ mus of dosages, and
Lime nitrogen uniformly is spread fertilizer over the fields, is used by the dosage of 55kg per acre.It turns over 2~3 times, ploughing depth makes soil, organic up to 25~30cm
Fertilizer, lime nitrogen mix well；Broad irrigation to earth's surface is shown in bright water, and the water capacity in plot is made to reach 70%；Select monolith
Mulch covers rapidly, and surrounding is compressed with soil block, forms a relatively closed environment；Persistently keep humid tropical condition in film
Mulch is thrown off after 25d, plowed soils is dried, and after 7d earth's surface dry and wet is suitable, is broadcasted sowing one hundred days grass seed (such as Fig. 5), is sowed
Amount is 4g/m2.Control group: after site preparation, do not poured water using equal conditions not the blank of overlay film as control.
After youth-and-old-age seed germination 10d, 20d, 30d (experimental group reference numeral: A1, A2, A3, control group reference numeral:
K1, K2, K3) randomly select at 5 points in experimental group and control group respectively, sampling side 0.25m2, investigation weeds are (gramineae weed, wealthy
Leaf weeds and sedge weed) strain number and overground part fresh weight to obtain plant preventive effect and weight preventive effect analyze different disposal to hundred
The control efficiency of day careless weeds.
1.2.2 testing index
With example 1.
2. result and analysis
The efficient control method of weeds compares youth-and-old-age gramineae weed preventive effect under 4 different number of days of table
As shown in Table 4, this method is obvious to the gramineae weed control efficiency on youth-and-old-age Landscaping flower ground, emerges in youth-and-old-age
When 10d, strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect respectively reach 95.2% and 95.4%.Over time, whether strain preventive effect or
Weight preventive effect still reaches 85% or more, anti-grass significant effect.
The efficient control method of weeds compares youth-and-old-age broadleaf weeds preventive effect under 5 different number of days of table
As shown in Table 5, this method is good to the broadleaf weeds control efficiency on youth-and-old-age Landscaping flower ground, emerges in youth-and-old-age
When 10d, strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect respectively reach 88.6% and 89.8%.Over time, whether strain preventive effect or
Weight preventive effect, still reaches 84% or more.
The efficient control method of weeds compares youth-and-old-age sedge weed preventive effect under 6 different number of days of table
As shown in Table 6, this method is significant to the sedge weed control efficiency on youth-and-old-age Landscaping flower ground, emerges in youth-and-old-age
When 10d, strain preventive effect and weight preventive effect are up to 93.5% and 94.1%.Over time, whether strain preventive effect or weight
Preventive effect still reaches 82% or more.
In conclusion this method to often occur in youth-and-old-age landscape ground gramineae weed, broadleaf weeds, sedge weed
Equal weeds have good control efficiency, and effect will not disappear over time, wherein in one hundred days showy flowers of herbaceous plants ground
The control efficiency of grass family and sedge weed is particularly evident.No matter being effectively reduced in the Jing Zhongjun that makes of coreopsis or youth-and-old-age
The cost inputs such as subsequent artefacts, herbicide promote agriculture and forestry Green Sustainable while cost-saving synergistic, therefore are a kind of pole
New method is efficiently prevented and treated for ideal weeds.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of control method of weeds, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
1) site preparation: selection summer August weather is most warm, a period of time that illumination is best, first by vacant lot weeds, the broken branches and fallen leaves into
Row, which arranges, to be removed；
2) material is spread fertilizer over the fields: will be during non-decomposed manure material be manured into soil, and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields lime nitrogen；
3) turn over: turning over mixes well soil, organic fertilizer, lime nitrogen；
4) sufficient water is irrigated: bright water is shown in broad irrigation to earth's surface；
5) it covers mulch: after the irrigation of sufficient water, monolith mulch being selected to cover rapidly, surrounding is compressed with soil block, forms one relatively
Closed environment；
6) natural high-temperature acts on: after overlay film is closed, humid tropical condition at least 25d in film is kept, wherein there is the fine heat of at least 15d
During which weather prevents rainwater from pouring into film；
7) it takes off film sunning: throwing off mulch, plowed soils is dried, and after 5~10d earth's surface dry and wet is suitable, sows the landscape seeds of flowering plants.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: non-decomposed manure material described in step 2) be cow dung,
At least one of mushroom slag, Chinese medicine slag, agricultural crop straw etc. of chopping.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the dosage of non-decomposed manure described in step 2) is 1
~2t/ mus.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the dosage of the lime nitrogen is 40~60kg/ mus.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, ploughing depth reaches it is characterized by: soil need to be turned over 2~3 times in step 3)
25~30cm.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step 4) broad irrigation reach the water capacity in plot
It is best water-holding capacity to 70%~80%.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: keeping high temperature and humidity in film after overlay film is closed in step (6)
State 25d~50d.
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Citations (5)
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| CN104642386A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-27 | 蒋寿悟 | Pesticide for controlling mustard tuber disease and usage method thereof |
| CN104663204A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 青岛农业大学 | Technology for controlling and eliminating weeds in alfalfa field by film-side planting |
| CN106068994A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-09 | 合肥原印农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield cultivating method of Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. |
| US20180127326A1 (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-05-10 | Kaneka Corporation | Fertilizer composition containing oxidized glutathione and fertilizer element for foliar application |
| CN108934651A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-07 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | A kind of efficient pest and disease damage preventing control method of facility watermelon |
-
2019
- 2019-03-21 CN CN201910215594.0A patent/CN109729776A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104642386A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-27 | 蒋寿悟 | Pesticide for controlling mustard tuber disease and usage method thereof |
| CN104663204A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 青岛农业大学 | Technology for controlling and eliminating weeds in alfalfa field by film-side planting |
| US20180127326A1 (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-05-10 | Kaneka Corporation | Fertilizer composition containing oxidized glutathione and fertilizer element for foliar application |
| CN106068994A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-09 | 合肥原印农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield cultivating method of Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. |
| CN108934651A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-07 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | A kind of efficient pest and disease damage preventing control method of facility watermelon |
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