CN109717356A - A kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping method of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide - Google Patents
A kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping method of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping methods of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide, belong to cordyceps sinensis technical field of preservation of fresh.1) method provided by the invention is the following steps are included: wash with water cordyceps sinensis；2) cordyceps sinensis after cleaning is cleaned by ultrasonic；3) cordyceps sinensis is impregnated in cryoprotective agent；4) cordyceps sinensis after immersion is placed in tunnel quick-freezing plant, sprays acetic acid/citric acid and liquid nitrogen spray film, it is continuous to spray liquid CO2；5) antistaling agent is sprayed on the cordyceps sinensis after quick-frozen；6) controlled atmospheric packing is carried out to the cordyceps sinensis after sprinkling antistaling agent；7) cordyceps sinensis after controlled atmospheric packing is refrigerated.Method provided by the invention is able to solve the problem of cordyceps sinensis freshness declines in preservation process, and weight-loss ratio is low, soluble protein content is high low with polyphenol oxidase activity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cordyceps sinensis technical field of preservation of fresh, and in particular to a kind of fresh winter of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide
Worm summer grass quick-freezing fresh-keeping method.
Background technique
Cordyceps sinensis is a kind of high-grade nourishing rare traditional Chinese medicine, nutriment and active constituent containing there are many, including nucleosides,
Polysaccharide, sterol, fatty acid, protein, polypeptide and volatile component etc. have antitumor, adjusting immune system, promotion body thin
Cellular damage reparation, free radical resisting, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, protection cardiac muscle and vascular cell improve cardiovascular function, protection liver
Dirty, protection kidney adjusts respiratory system, adjusts hematological system and adjusts the functions such as blood lipid.
Cordyceps sinensis on the market is dry cordyceps sinensis, a large amount of volatile components in cordyceps sinensis drying process mostly at present
It can evaporate, part nutrition can be lost, and active constituent can inactivate, while being taken mouthfeel and being greatly reduced, and fresh and alive cordyceps sinensis can be most
Its nutriment of the reservation of limits and active constituent, and keep its unique faint scent and crispy texture.In addition, pharmacology
Studies have shown that fresh cordyceps sinensis is in the pharmacological actions such as immunological regulation, antitumor, anti-oxidant compared with dry cordyceps sinensis
Aspect all has better effects.Therefore, the fresh-keeping of fresh cordyceps sinensis is urgently to be solved in the process of manufacture faced at present
Most significant problems.
Preservation method about fresh cordyceps sinensis is one of the hot spot direction of cordyceps sinensis research in recent years, studies main collection
In preservation by low temperature, quick-freezing fresh-keeping, in terms of, the principle of cordyceps sinensis preservation by low temperature is mainly to inhibit living cells
Respiration, the metabolism for reducing cell, the temperature of cryo-conservation cordyceps sinensis are normally controlled in -3~-10 DEG C.Quick-frozen guarantor
Fresh temperature is normally controlled in -80 DEG C.The principle of controlled atmosphere is to be obtained in certain closed system by various regulative modes
To the regulating gas for being different from normal atmosphere component, inhibit the activity for leading to corrupt physiological and biochemical procedure and microorganism.In addition, with
Deepening continuously for the fresh-keeping research of fresh cordyceps sinensis, had been reported that the generation of intelligent fresh-keeping system of fresh cordyceps sinensis at present simultaneously
It is applied in practice, the parameters such as cold storing and fresh-keeping temperature, time, humidity is mainly regulated and controled by intelligent programization, from cell level
Keep the fresh vitality and nutritional ingredient of fresh cordyceps sinensis.But above-mentioned preservation technology is higher to the dependence of freshness preserving equipment,
It operates relatively complicated, it is fresh-keeping to be unsuitable for source area, and fresh cordyceps sinensis cannot save for a long time.Related patents method is as follows:
((CN 102406164A) discloses a kind of fresh and alive cordyceps sinensis processing and its can preparation side to Chinese patent application
Method fresh cordyceps sinensis will be mainly classified after cleaning in -70 DEG C of stored frozens of ultralow temperature, rear thawed by cordyceps sinensis,
It is immersed in the tap water fresh-keeping liquid containing citric acid, sodium isoascorbate, is examined, high temperature sterilization is prepared into can.
Chinese invention patent (CN 1037405928) discloses a kind of preservation method of cordyceps sinensis, to cordyceps sinensis
Head, after stroma and the cleaning of polypide branch, nutriment and active material are lost in order to prevent, by the fresh winter worm summer after cleaning
Grass, which is placed in 0.9% acidic sodium chloride solution, impregnates 5-8min: quickly cooling handles cordyceps sinensis 5-12h under the conditions of -75 DEG C again
Afterwards, it is placed in -5~-25 DEG C of vacuum cold case and saves.
Chinese invention patent (CN 1021782268) discloses a kind of fresh processing technique of cordyceps sinensis, mainly will
Fresh cordyceps sinensis deepfreeze under conditions of being lower than -65 DEG C: while mode cleaning and sterilization of the ultrasonic wave in conjunction with ozone is set,
It is saved at last 0 DEG C.
Chinese patent application (105199956 A of CN) discloses a kind of preservation method of cordyceps sinensis, mainly uses one
After determining the cleaning of concentration alcoholic solution, being sprayed on cordyceps sinensis surface with hydromel saves nutrient water from damage, then carries out air-drying dehumidifying
Processing, then quick-frozen at -30 DEG C be placed on -5 DEG C of cold storage warehouses below and stored.
Chinese invention patent (106727734 A of CN) discloses a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis product and preparation method thereof, mainly
It is by fresh cordyceps sinensis using flowing water and after being cleaned by ultrasonic, atomizing humidifying performance handles 10-40min, then uses 3-7%O2,75-
92%N2And 5-18%CO2Controlled atmospheric packing is carried out with fresh cordyceps sinensis is compared, the cordycepic acid content of fresh cordyceps sinensis product is not low
In 2%, polysaccharide is not less than 0.5%.
Chinese invention patent (106720232 A of CN) discloses a kind of storing and fresh-keeping method of fresh cordyceps sinensis, mainly
The methods of saved using Low-temperature cleaning, low temperature classification, classification, entire technique carries out at low ambient temperatures, makes fresh cordyceps sinensis
Fresh keeping time greatly prolongs, and reduces the loss of effective component, while reducing fresh-keeping cost.
It is direct superfreeze to protecting by way of subzero 70 DEG C or so that the fresh-keeping thinking of the above prior art is some
It deposits, some (0 DEG C or less) of low temperature preservations after being the quick-frozen latching effective component of ultralow temperature (- 30 DEG C to -75 DEG C), also some technologies are
Save nutrient water from damage or keep color, increases the step of impregnating sour water or sprinkling hydromel, these prior arts provide
Fresh cordyceps sinensis compares dry cordyceps sinensis product and remains most nutriment and active constituent, but above-mentioned guarantor
Fresh method applies sense organ method to determine the fresh journey of sample in terms of the variation such as appearance color, smell, hardness, mouthfeel, flavour mostly
Degree, interference caused by subjective factors is very big, not can effectively solve loss of water in preservation process still, soluble protein content declines, is more
The problem of cordyceps sinensis freshness caused by phenoloxidase activity growth etc. declines.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping methods of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide.
Method provided by the invention is able to solve in preservation process the problem of cordyceps sinensis freshness declines, and weight-loss ratio is low, soluble egg
Bai Hanliang high is low with polyphenol oxidase activity.
The present invention provides a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping method of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide, including it is following
Step:
1) cordyceps sinensis is washed with water, the temperature of the cleaning is 0~10 DEG C；
2) cordyceps sinensis after step 1) cleaning is placed in calcium lactate aqueous solution, is cleaned by ultrasonic 1~5 time, every time 5~
10min is drained；
3) cordyceps sinensis after draining step 2) impregnates 2~5min, the cryoprotective agent packet in cryoprotective agent
Include propylene glycol, 1~3mmol/L D-sorbite, the Vc of 1~3mmol/L or the different Vc of 0.3~0.5mol/L, 6~9 μm of ol/L plant
The L-cysteine of acid and 0.4~0.8mg/kg；
4) cordyceps sinensis after impregnating step 3) is placed in tunnel quick-freezing plant, and the cordyceps sinensis after immersion exists
When being transmitted in tunnel quick-freezing plant, to the cordyceps sinensis sprinkling acetic acid/citric acid and liquid nitrogen spray film after immersion；After the immersion
Cordyceps sinensis when being sent to device outlet, it is continuous to spray liquid CO2Reach -18~-20 to cordyceps sinensis inside center temperature
DEG C, obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis；
Temperature in the tunnel quick-freezing plant is -120~-90 DEG C, and the pH value of device internal environment is 4~6；
The time of the transmission is 5~10min；
5) step 4) obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis on spray antistaling agent；The antistaling agent includes 30~100mg/
ML cordyceps mycelia extract, 50~200mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 100~200mg/L antibacterial peptide and water；
6) controlled atmospheric packing is carried out to the cordyceps sinensis after sprinkling antistaling agent；
7) cordyceps sinensis after controlled atmospheric packing is refrigerated；The temperature of the refrigeration is -10~-20 DEG C.
Preferably, the mass concentration of calcium lactate is 0.1~0.5% in step 2) the calcium lactate aqueous solution.
Preferably, the condition of the step 2) ultrasound includes: 250~1200W of power, 40~120kHz of frequency, temperature 0
~10 DEG C.
Preferably, in step 5) the cordyceps mycelia extract include guanine, cordycepin, hypoxanthine, cytidine,
Xanthine and adenosine.
Preferably, the preparation method of step 5) the cordyceps mycelia extract includes:
(1) it is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium, carries out liquid fermentation after activating aweto strain, be filtered to remove mycelia
Body obtains fermentation liquid；
(2) fermentation liquid that step (1) obtains is mixed with ethanol water, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant；
(3) supernatant that step (2) obtains is subjected to vacuum distillation removal ethyl alcohol, freeze-drying obtains cordyceps mycelia
Extract.
Preferably, step (2) described ethanol water includes the ethyl alcohol that mass concentration is 70~80%.
Preferably, the antibacterial peptide includes in streptococcus lactis antibacterial peptide, streptomyces antibacterial peptide and piece coccus antibacterial peptide
It is one or more.
Preferably, the step 5) water includes 0 DEG C of water.
Preferably, the step 6) controlled atmospheric packing controls oxygen concentration 55~65%, CO2Concentration 35~45%.
The present invention provides a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping methods of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide.The present invention mentions
The method of confession is able to solve the problem of cordyceps sinensis freshness declines in preservation process, and weight-loss ratio is low, soluble protein content is high
It is low with polyphenol oxidase activity.Method provided by the invention has the advantage that (1) chilling rate, and (freezing speed is than general fastly
Freezing method is 30~40 times about fast): liquid nitrogen flash freezer is used, food can be made to run through 0 DEG C~5 DEG C maximum ice-crystal growth bands.(2)
Keep food quality conservation degree high: for this method since the time of liquid nitrogen flash freezer is short, the cordyceps sinensis through liquid nitrogen flash freezer can be maximum
Keep to limit the color and nutritive value under fresh state.(3) material drying loss is small: the drying loss loss late generally freezed is
3~6%, and liquid nitrogen flash freezer may decrease to 0.25~0.5%.(4) the easy to operate, high degree of automation of quick-frozen operation: existing skill
For art in addition to using the control of single temperature and humidity, it is to manually adjust fresh-keeping freezing procedure that gradient temperature is quick-frozen, and of the invention
Multistage freezing procedure, the degree of automation and temperature-controlled precision are arranged using tunnel type liquid nitrogen/liquid CO 2 spray quick-freezing plant
Height is readily applied to mass product fast frozen.(5) fresh keeping time is long: compared with the conventional method, the method for the present invention is more suitable for
The long-period freshness preserving of fresh cordyceps sinensis, especially fresh keeping time are longer, and the method for the present invention advantage is more obvious.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping method of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide, including it is following
Step:
1) cordyceps sinensis is washed with water, the temperature of the cleaning is 0~10 DEG C；
2) cordyceps sinensis after step 1) cleaning is placed in calcium lactate aqueous solution, is cleaned by ultrasonic 1~5 time, every time 5~
10min is drained；
3) cordyceps sinensis after draining step 2) impregnates 2~5min, the cryoprotective agent packet in cryoprotective agent
Include propylene glycol, 1~3mmol/L D-sorbite, the Vc of 1~3mmol/L or the different Vc of 0.3~0.5mol/L, 6~9 μm of ol/L plant
The L-cysteine of acid and 0.4~0.8mg/kg；
4) cordyceps sinensis after impregnating step 3) is placed in tunnel quick-freezing plant, and the cordyceps sinensis after immersion exists
When being transmitted in tunnel quick-freezing plant, to the cordyceps sinensis sprinkling acetic acid/citric acid and liquid nitrogen spray film after immersion；After the immersion
Cordyceps sinensis when being sent to device outlet, it is continuous to spray liquid CO2Reach -18~-20 to cordyceps sinensis inside center temperature
DEG C, obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis；
Temperature in the tunnel quick-freezing plant is -120~-90 DEG C, and the pH value of device internal environment is 4~6；
The time of the transmission is 5~10min；
5) step 4) obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis on spray antistaling agent；The antistaling agent includes 30~100mg/
ML cordyceps mycelia extract, 50~200mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 100~200mg/L antibacterial peptide and water；
6) controlled atmospheric packing is carried out to the cordyceps sinensis after sprinkling antistaling agent；
7) cordyceps sinensis after controlled atmospheric packing is refrigerated；The temperature of the refrigeration is -10~-20 DEG C.
The present invention washes with water cordyceps sinensis, and the temperature of the cleaning is 0~10 DEG C.In the present invention, the water is preferred
For flowing water, more preferably linear flowing water.In the present invention, the cleaning is preferably to the worm summer in winter with soil of fresh acquisition
Head, stroma and the polypide of grass are successively cleaned.In the present invention, the temperature of the cleaning is more preferably 0~4 DEG C, optimal
It is selected as 0 DEG C.
After cordyceps sinensis after being cleaned, the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning is placed in calcium lactate aqueous solution by the present invention, is surpassed
Sound cleans 1~5 time, and 5~10min, drains every time.In the present invention, the effect of the ultrasonic cleaning is further to remove sample
Surface deep level impurity and pollutant.In the present invention, in the calcium lactate aqueous solution calcium lactate mass concentration be 0.1~
0.5%, preferably 0.2~0.4%, most preferably 0.3%.In the present invention, the condition of the ultrasound include: power 250~
1200W, more preferable 600~1000W, most preferably 800W, 40~120kHz of frequency, more preferably 80~120kHz, most preferably
100kHz, 0~10 DEG C of temperature, preferably 0~4 DEG C, most preferably 0 DEG C.
After cordyceps sinensis after being drained, the cordyceps sinensis after draining impregnates 2 by the present invention in cryoprotective agent~
5min, the cryoprotective agent include the propylene glycol of 0.3~0.5mol/L, 1~3mmol/L D-sorbite, 1~3mmol/L
The L-cysteine of Vc or different Vc, 6~9 μm of ol/L phytic acid and 0.4~0.8mg/kg；More preferably including 0.4mol/L the third two
The L-cysteine of alcohol, 2mmol/L D-sorbite, the Vc of 2mmol/L or different Vc, 8 μm of ol/L phytic acid and 0.6mg/kg.In this hair
In bright, the effect of the immersion is that quick-frozen sample cell in the process is avoided excessively to be dehydrated shrinkage, keeps fresh winter worm in preservation process
The moisture of summer grass prevents brown stains caused by reasons such as oxidation, spoilage organisms proliferation and putrid and deteriorated, inhibits the liter of its respiratory intensity
Height delays the decline of the nutriments such as soluble solid and titratable acid, reduces weight-loss ratio, prevents from softening.In the present invention,
Propylene glycol in the cryoprotective agent: its protection mechanism be before cell freezing suspension solidifies completely, penetrate into it is intracellular,
Intraor extracellular generates certain molar concentration, reduces intraor extracellular and does not freeze the concentration of electrolyte in solution, to protect cell
From high concentration electrolyte damage simultaneously, intracellular water will not excessively exosmose, and avoid cell and be excessively dehydrated shrinkage；Mountain
Pears sugar alcohol: water-retaining agent, moisture absorption, water retention；Vc or different Vc: important antioxidant fresh-keeping agent can keep the color of food, natural wind
Taste extends the shelf life, and without any side effects；Phytic acid: antioxidant, metal ion chelation agent, antistaling agent, phytic acid is in human body
Interior hydrolysate is inositol and phosphatide, the former has anti-aging effects, and the latter is human body cell important component, meanwhile, often
What a phytate molecule can provide that six pairs of hydrogen atoms make free radical electronically forms rock-steady structure, thus instead of by fresh-keeping object molecule conduct
For oxygen molecule, avoid by fresh-keeping object oxidation deterioration；L-cysteine: BPH resistant rice variety antistaling agent, to prevent vitamin C from aoxidizing and preventing
Fresh-keeping object surface becomes brown.
After cordyceps sinensis after being impregnated, the cordyceps sinensis after immersion is placed in tunnel quick-freezing plant by the present invention, when
When cordyceps sinensis after the immersion transmits in tunnel quick-freezing plant, acetic acid/citric acid is sprayed to the cordyceps sinensis after immersion
With liquid nitrogen spray film；It is continuous to spray liquid CO when cordyceps sinensis after the immersion is sent to device outlet2To cordyceps sinensis
Portion's central temperature reaches -18~-20 DEG C, obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis；Temperature in the tunnel quick-freezing plant is -120
~-90 DEG C, more preferably -100 DEG C, the pH value of device internal environment are 4~6, more preferably 5；The time of the transmission be 5~
10min, more preferably 8min.In the present invention, the tunnel quick-freezing plant preferably includes liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine, more preferably
Shenzhen De Jieli freezes the liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine of the model DJL-QFL500A of Science and Technology Ltd.'s production.In the present invention
In, the control of pH value passes through acetic acid/lemon acid fog liquid control.It is special that the present invention does not have the source of the acetic acid and citric acid
It limits, using conventional commercial acetic acid well known to those skilled in the art and citric acid.The mass concentration of acetic acid and citric acid
It is preferably independently 5~10%.
Obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis after, the present invention sprays antistaling agent on the cordyceps sinensis after quick-frozen；It is described fresh-keeping
Agent includes 30~100mg/mL cordyceps mycelia extract, 50~200mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 100~200mg/L antibacterial peptide and water.
In the present invention, the effect of the antistaling agent is to inhibit sample surfaces bacterial growth, prevents sample corruption in preservation process.This hair
The bright antistaling agent preferably includes the cordyceps mycelia extract of 50~70mg/mL.In the present invention, the cordyceps mycelia mentions
The effect for taking object is antimicrobial antistaling agent, and bacterial reproduction in preservation process is inhibited to increase.In the present invention, the cordyceps mycelia mentions
Take includes guanine, cordycepin, hypoxanthine, cytidine, xanthine and adenosine in object.In the present invention, the cordyceps mycelia
The preparation method of extract preferably includes: (1) being inoculated in fluid nutrient medium after activating aweto strain, carry out liquid hair
Ferment, isolated fermentation liquid；(2) fermentation liquid that step (1) obtains is mixed with ethanol water, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant；(3) will
The supernatant that step (2) obtains carries out vacuum distillation removal ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying obtains cordyceps mycelia extract.In this hair
In bright, the water includes 0 DEG C of water, more preferably ice water.
The present invention is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium after activating aweto strain, is carried out liquid fermentation, and bacterium is filtered to remove
Filament obtains fermentation liquid.The present invention is not particularly limited the aweto strain, and use is well known to those skilled in the art
Aweto strain, such as Cordyceps sinensis FFCC5231.The present invention is to the activation, inoculation, fermentation and divides
From method there is no special restriction, using fermentation cordyceps sinensis conventional process conditions.After obtaining fermentation liquid, the present invention
Fermentation liquid is mixed with ethanol water, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant.In the present invention, work fermentation liquid and ethanol water mixed
With being that precipitating removes high molecular weight protein, the impurity such as polysaccharide, and active principle is enriched in supernatant.In the present invention, described
Ethanol water includes the ethyl alcohol that mass concentration is 70~80%.After obtaining supernatant, supernatant is carried out decompression steaming by the present invention
It evaporates except ethyl alcohol, freeze-drying obtains cordyceps mycelia extract.Condition of the present invention to the vacuum distillation and freeze-drying
It is not particularly limited, using conventional vacuum distillation and freeze-drying method condition.
Antistaling agent of the present invention include 50~200mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, more preferably 80~120mg/L, most preferably
100mg/L.In the present invention, the chitosan oligosaccharide can effectively inhibit the raising of cordyceps sinensis respiratory intensity, delay solubility
The decline of the nutriments such as solid content and titratable acid reduces weight-loss ratio, prevents from softening.
100~200mg/L of antistaling agent antibacterial peptide of the present invention, more preferably 120~180mg/L, most preferably
150mg/L.In the present invention, the antibacterial peptide can bacteriostasis, preservation, extend effective period of food quality, substitute antibiotics.In the present invention
In, the antibacterial peptide includes one of streptococcus lactis antibacterial peptide, streptomyces antibacterial peptide and piece coccus antibacterial peptide or a variety of.?
In the present invention, the streptococcus lactis antibacterial peptide is preferably the Nisin, described of Shandong Fu Ruida Biotechnology Co., Ltd production
Streptomyces antibacterial peptide is preferably that the epsilon-polylysine of Zhengzhou Bai Nafo bioengineering limited liability company production, described coccus are anti-
Bacterium peptide is preferably Pediococcus acidilactici P.acidilactici, pediococcus cerevisiae P.cerevisiace, Pediococcus pentosaceus
The Pediococcus species fermentation liquid such as P.pentosaceus, the fermentation liquid preferably include PediocinPA-1.
Antistaling agent of the present invention includes ice water, and in the present invention, the effect of the ice water is to keep low temperature rapidly in table
Face forms fresh-keeping layer, and frozen product surface during spraying preservation agent is avoided to melt.
The present invention carries out controlled atmospheric packing to the cordyceps sinensis after sprinkling antistaling agent.In the present invention, the controlled atmospheric packing control
Oxygen concentration 55~65% processed, CO2Concentration 35~45% more preferably controls oxygen concentration 60%, CO2Concentration 40%.
The present invention refrigerates the cordyceps sinensis after controlled atmospheric packing；The temperature of the refrigeration is preferably -10~-20 DEG C,
More preferably -18 DEG C.
Combined with specific embodiments below to a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide of the present invention
Quick-freezing fresh-keeping method is further described in detail, and technical solution of the present invention includes but is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) flowing water cleans: with head, stroma and the worm of the linear flowing water cordyceps sinensis with soil collected to the place of production
Body successively cleans, and 0 DEG C of temperature.
(2) be cleaned by ultrasonic: it is ultrasonic wave in 0.1% calcium lactate solution that the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning, which is placed in concentration,
Cleaning 5 times (power 250W, frequency 40k Hz, between 0 DEG C of temperature, time 5min/ times), drain.
(3) it impregnates: impregnating 2min in cryoprotective agent, cryoprotective agent: 0.3mol/L propylene glycol, 1mmol/L sorbose
Alcohol, 1mmol/L Vc, 6 μm of ol/L phytic acid, L-cysteine concentration are 0.4mg/kg.
(4) quick-frozen: to use liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine, -120 DEG C of freezer temperature, spray liquid nitrogen and acetic acid/lemon to freezing chamber
Lemon acid fog liquid controls freezing chamber pH value 4, and material is from 5min is entered out, when being sent to material outlet, to its continuous injection liquid
CO2, until frozen product central temperature reaches -18 DEG C.
(5) antistaling agent: the extract of cordyceps mycelia containing 30mg/mL, 50mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 100mg/L antibacterial peptide, ice is sprayed
Water.
(6) controlled atmospheric packing: oxygen 55%, CO245%.
(7) it refrigerates: -10 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
(1) flowing water cleans: with head, stroma and the worm of the linear flowing water cordyceps sinensis with soil collected to the place of production
Body successively cleans, and 10 DEG C of temperature.
(2) be cleaned by ultrasonic: it is ultrasonic wave in 0.5% calcium lactate solution that the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning, which is placed in concentration,
Cleaning 1 time (power 1200W, frequency 120Hz, between 10 DEG C of temperature, time 10min/ times), drain.
(3) it impregnates: impregnating 5min in cryoprotective agent, cryoprotective agent: 0.5mol/L propylene glycol, 3mmol/L sorbose
Alcohol, 3mmol/LVc, 9 μm of ol/L phytic acid, L-cysteine concentration are 0.8mg/kg.
(4) quick-frozen: to use liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine, -90 DEG C of freezer temperature, spray liquid nitrogen and acetic acid/lemon to freezing chamber
Lemon acid fog liquid controls freezing chamber pH value 6, and material is from 10min is entered out, when being sent to material outlet, to its continuous injection liquid
State CO2, until frozen product central temperature reaches -20 DEG C.
(5) antistaling agent: the extract of cordyceps mycelia containing 100mg/mL, 200mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 200mg/L antibacterial peptide is sprayed,
Ice water.
(6) controlled atmospheric packing: oxygen 65%, CO245%.
(7) it refrigerates: -20 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
(1) flowing water cleans: with head, stroma and the worm of the linear flowing water cordyceps sinensis with soil collected to the place of production
Body successively cleans, and 5 DEG C of temperature.
(2) be cleaned by ultrasonic: it is ultrasonic wave in 0.3% calcium lactate solution that the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning, which is placed in concentration,
Cleaning 3 times (power 600W, frequency 80Hz, between 5 DEG C of temperature, time 8min/ times), drain.
(3) it impregnates: impregnating 3min in cryoprotective agent, cryoprotective agent: 0.4mol/L propylene glycol, 2mmol/L sorbose
The different Vc of alcohol, 2mmol/L, 8 μm of ol/L phytic acid, L-cysteine concentration are 0.6mg/kg.
(4) quick-frozen: to use liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine, -100 DEG C of freezer temperature, spray liquid nitrogen and acetic acid/lemon to freezing chamber
Lemon acid fog liquid controls freezing chamber pH value 5, and material is from 8min is entered out, when being sent to material outlet, to its continuous injection liquid
CO2, until frozen product central temperature reaches -20 DEG C.
(5) antistaling agent: the extract of cordyceps mycelia containing 70mg/mL, 100mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 150mg/L antibacterial peptide is sprayed,
Ice water.
(6) controlled atmospheric packing: oxygen 60%, CO240%.
(7) it refrigerates: -15 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
(1) flowing water cleans: with head, stroma and the worm of the linear flowing water cordyceps sinensis with soil collected to the place of production
Body successively cleans, and 3 DEG C of temperature.
(2) be cleaned by ultrasonic: it is ultrasonic wave in 0.25% calcium lactate solution that the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning, which is placed in concentration,
Cleaning 4 times (power 400W, frequency 60Hz, between 2 DEG C of temperature, time 6min/ times), drain.
(3) it impregnates: impregnating 4min in cryoprotective agent, cryoprotective agent: 0.35mol/L propylene glycol, 1.5mmol/L sorb
The different Vc of sugar alcohol, 2.5mmol/L, 7.5 μm of ol/L phytic acid, L-cysteine concentration are 0.65mg/kg.
(4) quick-frozen: to use liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine, -105 DEG C of freezer temperature, spray liquid nitrogen and acetic acid/lemon to freezing chamber
Lemon acid fog liquid controls freezing chamber pH value 5.5, and material is from 7min is entered out, when being sent to material outlet, to its continuous injection liquid
State CO2, until frozen product central temperature reaches -19 DEG C.
(5) antistaling agent: the extract of cordyceps mycelia containing 75mg/mL, 165mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 135mg/L antibacterial peptide is sprayed,
Ice water.
(6) controlled atmospheric packing: oxygen 57%, CO243%.
(7) it refrigerates: -16 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
(1) flowing water cleans: with head, stroma and the worm of the linear flowing water cordyceps sinensis with soil collected to the place of production
Body successively cleans, and 8 DEG C of temperature.
(2) be cleaned by ultrasonic: it is ultrasonic wave in 0.45% calcium lactate solution that the cordyceps sinensis after cleaning, which is placed in concentration,
Cleaning 2 times (power 300W, frequency 55Hz, between 4 DEG C of temperature, time 9min/ times), drain.
(3) it impregnates: impregnating 4min in cryoprotective agent, cryoprotective agent: 0.45mol/L propylene glycol, 2.2mmol/L sorb
Sugar alcohol, Vc, 6-9 μm of ol/L phytic acid of 2.8mmol/LVc or different, L-cysteine concentration are 0.45mg/kg.
(4) quick-frozen: to use liquid nitrogen tunnel like freezing machine, -105 DEG C of freezer temperature, spray liquid nitrogen and acetic acid/lemon to freezing chamber
Lemon acid fog liquid controls freezing chamber pH value 5.3, and material is from 7min is entered out, when being sent to material outlet, to its continuous injection liquid
State CO2, until frozen product central temperature reaches -18 DEG C.
(5) antistaling agent: the extract of cordyceps mycelia containing 60mg/mL, 120mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 130mg/L antibacterial peptide is sprayed,
Ice water.
(6) controlled atmospheric packing: oxygen 63%, CO237%.
(7) it refrigerates: -12 DEG C.
Reference examples 1
Chinese patent (106720232 A of CN) discloses a kind " storing and fresh-keeping method of fresh cordyceps sinensis ", which adopts
With the methods of Low-temperature cleaning, low temperature classification, classification preservation, entire technique carries out at low ambient temperatures, makes the guarantor of fresh cordyceps sinensis
The fresh time greatly prolongs.In 5-10 DEG C of washing, classification, -3 to -10 DEG C, save under the conditions of humidity 60-75%, fresh cordyceps sinensis
Fresh keeping time can extend to 75 days.
Chinese patent (102178226 A of CN) discloses " a kind of fresh processing technique of cordyceps sinensis ", which, which includes, adopts
With ultrasonic cleaning, sterilizing is sealed, and fresh-keeping in ultralow temperature refrigerating equipment, the methods of storage, fresh cordyceps sinensis is under zero degree
Preservation by low temperature state prevents the heat-sensitive substance contained in cordyceps sinensis from denaturation or devitalized occurs.
Chinese patent (103740592 A of CN) discloses " a kind of preservation method of cordyceps sinensis ", which includes using stream
Water cleaning, 0.9% acidic sodium chloride solution impregnate, quickly cooling under conditions of -75 DEG C, controlled atmosphere cold storage at a temperature of -5 DEG C~-25 DEG C, makes
Obtain the nutritional ingredient of cordyceps sinensis and the basic free of losses of activity after saving for a long time.
Chinese patent (108835502 A of CN) discloses a kind " fresh cordyceps sinensis product and preparation method thereof ", the invention
It including using the methods of soaking in Mel, smearing, prepares fresh cordyceps sinensis fresh keeping product, fresh-keeping effect is preferable under the conditions of room temperature,
The original nutritional ingredient of fresh cordyceps sinensis can utmostly be retained and form, long shelf-life, mouthfeel are good.
Compared with above-mentioned 4 patented methods, the method for the present invention at fresh-keeping to the 75th day, fresh cordyceps sinensis weight-loss ratio,
Soluble protein content, polyphenol oxidase activity etc. are superior to the fresh-keeping cordyceps sinensis of this method.Comparative experiments and result are such as
Under:
Fresh cordyceps sinensis 270 of 0.5-1.0g specification are taken, 9 groups are randomly divided into, respectively according to patent CN 106720232
A, the method processing and the present invention of 102178226 A of patent CN, 103740592 A of patent CN, 108835502 A of patent CN
The method of embodiment 1-5 is handled, and each group name that handles is respectively fresh-keeping group of 1-5 of preservation by low temperature group 1-4 and liquid nitrogen.Measurement is saving
At the 75th day, each group cordyceps sinensis sample is relative to weight-loss ratio, soluble protein content rate of descent, the polyphenol oxygen before Preservation Treatment
Change enzymatic activity growth rate.
Sample weight loss rate is according to " Wang Jingbo waits influence [J] of .3 kind plants essential oil suffocating treatment to nectarine fresh-keeping effect
Nuclear agricultural science report, 2018,32 (5): the measurement of 933-940. " method, soluble protein content rate of descent is according to " Deng Lili waits to examine horse
This bright trip's method measurement condition optimizing [J] the Food Science of apple tissue trace soluble egg from content, 2012, (24): 185-
The measurement of 189. " methods, polyphenol oxidase activity growth rate is according to " north postharvest fruit and vegetable bio-chemical characteristics guidance [M] is waited in Jiankang
Capital: China Light Industry Press, the measurement of 2007:59-154. " method, the results are shown in Table 1.When saving the 75th day, the present invention
The fresh-keeping cordyceps sinensis of method, in terms of weight-loss ratio, soluble protein content rate of descent and polyphenol oxidase activity growth rate,
Better than Chinese patent CN106720232A, CN 102178226 A, CN 103740592 A and 108835502 A method of CN protect
Fresh cordyceps sinensis.Meanwhile the fresh-keeping effect of the method for the invention is more obvious with the extension advantage of fresh keeping time.
Table 1 saves the 75th day, the weight-loss ratio of each processing group cordyceps sinensis sample, soluble protein content decline
Rate and polyphenol oxidase activity growth rate measurement result
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fresh cordyceps sinensis quick-freezing fresh-keeping method of liquid nitrogen combination with liquid carbon dioxide, comprising the following steps:
1) cordyceps sinensis is washed with water, the temperature of the cleaning is 0~10 DEG C；
2) cordyceps sinensis after step 1) cleaning is placed in calcium lactate aqueous solution, ultrasonic cleaning 1~5 time, every time 5~10min,
It drains；
3) cordyceps sinensis after draining step 2) impregnates 2~5min in cryoprotective agent, and the cryoprotective agent includes 0.3
Propylene glycol, 1~3mmol/L D-sorbite, the Vc of 1~3mmol/L or the different Vc of~0.5mol/L, 6~9 μm of ol/L phytic acid and
The L-cysteine of 0.4~0.8mg/kg；
4) cordyceps sinensis after impregnating step 3) is placed in tunnel quick-freezing plant, and the cordyceps sinensis after immersion is in tunnel
When being transmitted in quick-freezing plant, to the cordyceps sinensis sprinkling acetic acid/citric acid and liquid nitrogen spray film after immersion；The winter after immersion
It is continuous to spray liquid CO when worm summer grass is sent to device outlet2Reach -18~-20 DEG C to cordyceps sinensis inside center temperature, obtains
To the cordyceps sinensis after quick-frozen；
Temperature in the tunnel quick-freezing plant is -120~-90 DEG C, and the pH value of device internal environment is 4~6；
The time of the transmission is 5~10min；
5) step 4) obtain it is quick-frozen after cordyceps sinensis on spray antistaling agent；The antistaling agent includes 30~100mg/mL worm
Careless hypha extract, 50~200mg/L chitosan oligosaccharide, 100~200mg/L antibacterial peptide and water；
6) controlled atmospheric packing is carried out to the cordyceps sinensis after sprinkling antistaling agent；
7) cordyceps sinensis after controlled atmospheric packing is refrigerated；The temperature of the refrigeration is -10~-20 DEG C.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2) the calcium lactate aqueous solution calcium lactate quality
Concentration is 0.1~0.5%.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the condition of the step 2) ultrasound include: power 250~
1200W, 40~120kHz of frequency, 0~10 DEG C of temperature.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein including that bird is fast in step 5) the cordyceps mycelia extract
Purine, cordycepin, hypoxanthine, cytidine, xanthine and adenosine.
5. method according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the preparation of step 5) the cordyceps mycelia extract
Method includes:
(1) it is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium, carries out liquid fermentation after activating aweto strain, be filtered to remove mycelium, obtain
To fermentation liquid；
(2) fermentation liquid that step (1) obtains is mixed with ethanol water, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant；
(3) supernatant that step (2) obtains is subjected to vacuum distillation removal ethyl alcohol, freeze-drying obtains cordyceps mycelia extraction
Object.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, step (2) described ethanol water includes that mass concentration is
70~80% ethyl alcohol.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial peptide includes streptococcus lactis antibacterial peptide, strepto-
One of bacterium antibacterial peptide and piece coccus antibacterial peptide are a variety of.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step 5) water includes 0 DEG C of water.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step 6) controlled atmospheric packing controls oxygen concentration 55
~65%, CO2Concentration 35~45%.
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