CN109717340A - A kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis - Google Patents
A kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109717340A CN109717340A CN201910156395.7A CN201910156395A CN109717340A CN 109717340 A CN109717340 A CN 109717340A CN 201910156395 A CN201910156395 A CN 201910156395A CN 109717340 A CN109717340 A CN 109717340A
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- cordyceps militaris
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- complex enzyme
- enzyme hydrolysis
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- 241001264174 Cordyceps militaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/382—Other non-alcoholic beverages fermented
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
- A23L2/84—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter using microorganisms or biological material, e.g. enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/125—Casei
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
- A23V2400/531—Lactis
Abstract
A kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis belongs to development and the development technique field of fermented beverage.The preparation of preparation, Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate that the present invention is starched by Cordyceps militaris powder and Cordyceps militaris, complex enzyme hydrolysis cooperate with the processes such as lactobacillus-fermented, saccharomycetes to make fermentation, using centrifugation, filtering, allotment, sterilization, filling obtained product.The present invention cooperates with lactobacillus-fermented using complex enzyme hydrolysis, using the secondary fermentation of saccharomycete, entire fermentation process can be rapidly completed within 2~3 days time, obtained Cordyceps militaris ferment sweet and sour taste, unique flavor, suspension stability is good, and can retain this important activity ingredient of cordycepin well: the amount of dissolution of cordycepin is up to 78.21% in cordyceps sinensis powder, the storage rate of dissolution cordycepin has been up to 97.78%, have the function of certain inoxidizability and improve immunity, meets pursuit of the modern people to health, delicious high-quality beverage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fermentation preparations of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis, and in particular to
One kind promoting lactobacillus-fermented using brown sugar as carbon source, using complex enzyme hydrolysis, then inoculates saccharomycete and carries out the fast of secondary fermentation
Fast fermentation method belongs to development and the development technique field of fermented beverage.
Background technique
Cordyceps militaris is a kind of parasitical fungi, is listed in new resource food in 2009, containing multiple nutritional components,
Such as protein and amino acid, Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide, cordycepic acid (PEARLITOL 25C), cordycepin and superoxide dismutase (SOD).It is ancient
Secretary carries and modern research shows that the medical value of Cordyceps militaris is similar to cordyceps sinensis, and can compare favourably with ginseng, pilose antler,
Distinctive cordycepin can be used as a kind of nucleoside analog and upset the synthesis of DNA and RNA, to make cancer cell-apoptosis, have anti-
The different physiological roles such as tumour, hypoglycemic, immunological regulation and inhibiting bacteria and diminishing inflammation.
In China, Cordyceps militaris in everyday home diet, is usually used for based on fresh food as a kind of edible mushroom
Baoshang.Fresh Cordyceps militaris is not easy to maintain, and easily long " white hair " is placed in air and brown stain easily occurs, if fresh cordyceps sinensis is real
Body carries out appropriate drying or working process, can extend the Storage period of Cordyceps militaris and nutritional ingredient is enable to save, greatly
Its application value is improved greatly.Currently, the product processed using Cordyceps militaris as raw material is varied, such as cordyceps militaris tablet, face
Packet, can, cured pork, beverage, cordyceps wine etc., Cordyceps militaris product is because of its nutritive value abundant and unique flavor, before development
Scape is wide.
With economic development and improvement of living standards, the health care consciousness of people also slowly enhances, health-nutrition is again beautiful
The beverage of taste is increasingly becoming the new lover of consumer.Ferment is a kind of novel fermentation beverage, initially originating from Japan, usually
With veterinary antibiotics, cereal, beans, the edible mushroom of integration of drinking and medicinal herbs and Chinese medicine etc. for raw material, by lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, acetic acid
Made of the probiotics fermentions such as bacterium, containing there are many microorganisms of the nutriments such as enzyme, vitamin, microelement, esters and polyphenol
Preparation.Studies have shown that ferment has pre- preventing obesity, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, promotes the health cares function such as cell neogenesis, strengthen immunity
Can, it is nowadays all the fashion in the Taiwan in American-European, Japan and China.Although also occurring a small amount of ferment on domestic market
Plain product, but fermentation time is long, product quality is irregular, therefore there are also wide development spaces for the ferment industry in China.
Guo Honglian etc. (2018) is sealed using dried fruit of lycium barbarum as raw material using the intrinsic multiple beneficial bacterium room temperature of fructus lycii itself
Spontaneous fermentation 45d has been obtained containing the flavor substances such as esters, aldehydes, ketone, alcohols, acids, aromatic heterocyclic, and have compared with
The fructus lycii ferment of strong anti-oxidation.Though spontaneous fermentation makes this product possess good flavor and stronger inoxidizability, hair
The ferment time is long, requires height to working condition, product quality is not easy to control.In contrast, the present invention uses inoculation fermentation, significantly
Fermentation efficiency is improved, fermentation time is shortened, only can complete entire fermentation process, resulting Cordyceps militaris ferment with 2~3d
Plain sweet and sour taste, and also have preferable reservation to the distinctive functional components cordycepin of Cordyceps militaris.
Liu Qin etc. discloses a kind of " preparation method of fructus lycii lemon pomelo peel ferment " (Chinese Patent Application No.
201611136927.3) it dices and is put into fermentor after, the fructus lycii centainly matched, lemon, pomelo peel are cleaned, dried, then
A certain amount of brown sugar is added and honey floods fruit, stirs evenly, spontaneous fermentation is carried out under air-proof condition, fermentation time is
30~40 days.Pomelo peel used in this method, the raw materials such as lemon, cellulose and pectin content are high, it is difficult to by common prebiotic
Bacterium, which is decomposed, to be utilized, then the ferment produced with the method, fermentation period is long, and nutritional ingredient is also difficult to effectively dissolve out.In contrast, originally
Invention can be such that the macromolecular substances in Cordyceps militaris decompose, be promoted the benefit of probiotics using the method for enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration inoculation fermentation
With, and it is fully dissolved out the nutritional ingredient in Cordyceps militaris, fermentation efficiency is improved, fermentation time, product wind obtained are shortened
Taste is excellent, full of nutrition.
Liu Zhongcheng etc. discloses a kind of " Cordyceps militaris composite enzyme drink preparation method of antifatigue and increasing immune power " (China
Number of patent application: 201810158350.9), first by Chinese medicines such as ginseng, maca, rhizoma polygonati, fructus lycii, pueraria lobatas by impregnating, decocting
Boil, be concentrated, sterilizing, filtering and etc. obtain nutrient solution, add brown sugar be uniformly mixed to obtain culture solution, be eventually adding Cordyceps militaris
Powder, and be inoculated with rhizopus, Monascus ruber strain is sealed by fermentation 3~6 months up to product.Cordyceps militaris composite enzyme made from the method
Beverage is full of nutrition, has plurality of health care functions, and it is vaccinated with rhizopus and monascus ruber has carried out composite fermentation, makes original
Poisonous and harmful substance in material is degraded, however zymolysis technique is not used in it, reduces the efficiency of fermentation, increases hair
The ferment time.The present invention not only uses two step inoculation fermentation technologies in contrast, also total using complex enzyme hydrolysis and lactobacillus-fermented
With the mode carried out, the fermentation efficiency of lactic acid bacteria is further improved, makes it possible to that the higher Cordyceps militaris ferment of quality is quickly made
Plain product.
Lu Liqun etc. discloses a kind of " rapid fermenting process for preparing of wheat seeding ferment " (Chinese Patent Application No.
201510653100.9), by way of artificial infection saccharomycete to by auxiliary material deploy and sterilize barley seedling be homogenized into
Row fermentation, only just completes entire fermentation process, and obtained the stronger wheat seeding ferment of high enzyme activity, inoxidizability, so with 12h
And it only uses saccharomycetes to make fermentation, though simplifying technique, the mouthfeel of products obtained therefrom is not good enough.In contrast, present invention employs elder generations
Entire fermented not only has been rapidly completed using simple raw material and simple and direct technique in the mode of saccharomycetes to make fermentation after lactic acid bacteria
Journey also effectively remains nutritional ingredient, has obtained ferment product in good taste, that nutrition is good.
Wang Yong etc. discloses " a kind of cordycepin beverage and preparation method thereof that immunity of organisms can be improved ", and (China is specially
Sharp application number: 201610097996.1), raw materials used includes fresh kwan-yin bavin leaf, Cordyceps militaris, Chinese rose petal powder, China rose
Powder, red ginseng, fructus lycii, saccharomycete, protease etc..Though enzymatic hydrolysis and inoculation fermentation technology are also utilized in the patent, by institute
Various with raw material, fermentation period is still longer, needs the 22~24d that ferments at 28~30 DEG C.In contrast, the present invention adopts
With simple raw material, and technique is improved, first carries out complex enzyme hydrolysis and lactobacillus-fermented simultaneously, then carry out saccharomycetes to make fermentation, 2
~3d just completes entire fermentation process, and obtains unique flavor, product full of nutrition.
Jiang Xiaolu etc. disclose " a method of based on enzyme ferment couple production Cordyceps militaris ferment " (Chinese Patent Application No.
201711263212.9), using cordyceps mycelium or bacterium powder as raw material, using first joint enzymatic hydrolysis 2h, plant cream bar is inoculated
The mode of 12~48h of bacterium coupled fermentation obtains liquid Cordyceps militaris ferment product.Xu Guohua etc. discloses a kind of " Cordyceps militaris fruit
Cordyceps militaris powder is dissolved in water by the preparation method of vegetable ferment " (Chinese Patent Application No. 201810085470.0), it is added 1~
It is concentrated after 2% chitinase enzymatic hydrolysis, then by obtained Cordyceps militaris concentrate and added with the juice of maltitol and xylitol
It is mixed in the ratio of 1:3~5, and is inoculated with 3.5~7% bifidobacterium adolescentis, Lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus acidophilus, thermophilic chain
This seven kinds of lactic acid bacterias of coccus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus bulgaricus are fermented, and are fermented 4~6 days
Up to product.Zhang Furong etc. discloses " a kind of fermentation Cordyceps militaris probiotic beverage and preparation method thereof " (Chinese Patent Application No.
201810069589.9), using cordyceps powder as primary raw material, and ganoderma lucidum powder, Se-enriched yeast powder, soybean protein is added
Powder, chrysanthemum extract and wolfberry fruit extract are mixed to get stoste, then utilize alpha-amylase, carbohydrase, cellulase, pectin
Enzyme and protease digest stoste, after obtaining pretreated stoste, the bifidobacterium adolescentis of inoculation 4~6%, secondary cheese cream
Four kinds of bacillus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics, and the xylitol of addition 5~20% carries out perseverance at 37 DEG C
40h is up to product for temperature fermentation.The above method has been all made of the technique for first digesting stoste post-fermentation, and the first step in the present invention
Fermentation is in such a way that enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation carry out simultaneously, when can utmostly save processing on the basis of keeping product quality
Between.Although furthermore the present invention is raw materials used simple, first inoculating lactic acid bacterium is followed by Yeasts and has carried out two-step fermentation, makes ferment
Plain product more a mellowness, flavors are more prominent compared to ferment obtained by one-step fermentation, while also eliminating and preparing it
The technique of its Chinese herbal medicine or fruits and vegetables treatment fluid, saves cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis,
Using techniques such as complex enzyme hydrolysis collaboration lactobacillus-fermented, saccharomycetes to make fermentation, entire fermentation process can be rapidly completed, contract significantly
Short fermentation period.Raw material used by the method and technique all very simples are not added additional only using Cordyceps militaris powder as raw material
Fruits and vegetables or Chinese herbal medicine, and using brown sugar as the carbon source in fermentation process, cost is relatively low, and products obtained therefrom sweet and sour taste, flavor are only
Spy, suspension stability are good, and can retain this critical function ingredient of cordycepin well, have certain promotional value.
Technical solution of the present invention:
(1) preparation of Cordyceps militaris powder and Cordyceps militaris slurry: being 34000r/ using motor speed after Cordyceps militaris dry sample impurity elimination
The high speed disintegrator of min crushes, and sieves with 100 mesh sieve, and obtains Cordyceps militaris powder;Cordyceps militaris powder and water according to 1:10~15 mass ratio
After example is dissolved each other, mixed with high-speed homogenization 1~2min of machine intermittent stirring that revolving speed is 3000~3600r/min, each duration
No more than 10s, Cordyceps militaris slurry is obtained;
(2) preparation of Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate: in terms of the gross mass of Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate, wherein 30~40% be step
Suddenly (1) resulting Cordyceps militaris slurry, 10~20% be the brown sugar as fermenting carbon source, remaining is distilled water;To prepared pupa worm
Careless fermentation substrate carries out pasteurize processing;
(3) complex enzyme hydrolysis cooperates with lactobacillus-fermented: the Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate for having killed bacterium being cooled to 40~45 DEG C, is used
0.4~0.6% cellulose is added in terms of the gross mass of Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate in citric acid solution tune pH to 4.80~5.00
Enzyme and 0.4~0.6% pectase, and on fermentation substrate inoculation 0.1~0.2% lactic acid bacteria, make complex enzyme hydrolysis and lactic acid
Bacterium digests at 40~45 DEG C simultaneously and 36~the 48h that ferments, and then 5~10min of enzyme deactivation in 85~90 DEG C of water-bath, is obtained
Obtain fermentation liquid;
(4) fruit wine yeast bacterium ferment: step (3) resulting fermentation liquid is cooled to 28~32 DEG C, then be inoculated with 0.10~
The fruit wine yeast bacterium of 0.15% (w/w), 6~18h of ferment at constant temperature at 26~30 DEG C;
(5) it is centrifuged: taking and carry out centrifugation 4200r/ by the Cordyceps militaris fermentation liquid of lactic acid bacteria, fruit wine yeast bacterium two-step fermentation
Min, 10min filter to obtain clarified solution after centrifugation;
(6) it deploys: being centrifuged in resulting clarified solution in step (5) and stabilizer is added;
(7) sterilize filling: the fermentation liquid deployed carries out 95~100 DEG C, the sterilization of 5~10min;It is cooled to 85~90
DEG C, it is poured into the vial that has sterilized in advance while hot to get to Cordyceps militaris ferment product.
Pasturisation temp in the step (2) is 80~90 DEG C, and the time is 10~20min.
In the step (3), citric acid solution concentration is 10% (w/w);The enzyme activity of the cellulase is 50,000 U/g,
The enzyme activity of pectase is 100,000 U/g, and suitable hydrolysis temperature is 40~50 DEG C.
In the step (3), the seeded process of the lactic acid bacteria is completed in super-clean bench;The lactic acid bacteria is probiotics
Zymophyte powder, wherein containing lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium longum, bacterium
For kind amount up to 8,000,000,000 CFU/g, suitable growth temperature is 37~45 DEG C.
In the step (4), the seeded process of fruit wine yeast bacterium is completed in super-clean bench;The fruit wine yeast bacterium is " Portugal
Grape wine fruit wine special yeast powder " needs first to be activated with 35~40 DEG C of warm water before use, then be seeded to temperature be 26~
In 30 DEG C of fermentation liquid.
The stabilizer is the compound stabilizer of xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na, wherein stabilizer
Total addition level is 0.10~0.20% (w/w), and compounding is than being xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, compared with spontaneous fermentation, this method uses inoculation fermentation, fermentation efficiency is substantially increased, when shortening fermentation
Between, and unique flavor has been obtained, product full of nutrition;
2, compared with first digesting post-fermentation, the enzymatic hydrolysis and first step fermentation of this method carry out simultaneously, are guaranteeing hydrolysis result
On the basis of fermentation quality, technique is simplified to the maximum extent, shortens process time;
3, compared with one-step fermentation, this method is followed by the two-step fermentation of Yeasts using first inoculating lactic acid bacterium, rich
The rich flavor of product, makes Cordyceps militaris ferment that can also have excellent mouthfeel without adding other fruit and vegetable materials;
4, in general, using this zymotechnique, operation is simple, and fermentation period is short, and production cost is low, is suitable for big
The popularization of scale produces.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further detailed below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
A kind of embodiment 1: the Rapid Fermentation of the Cordyceps militaris ferment of the low ratio cellulase/pectase complex enzyme hydrolysis of combination
Method
It after Cordyceps militaris dry sample impurity elimination, is crushed using high speed disintegrator, and sieve with 100 mesh sieve, obtains Cordyceps militaris powder;By Cordyceps militaris
Powder dissolves each other with water 1:10, and is stirred evenly with high-speed homogenization machine, obtains Cordyceps militaris slurry;300g Cordyceps militaris slurries are taken, it is red that 150g is added
Sugar, and add 550g distilled water quantitative to 1kg, it is sufficiently stirred, makes brown sugar dissolution completely, using 85 DEG C, the Pasteur of 10min is killed
To get the fermentation substrate of Cordyceps militaris after bacterium processing;Equal fermentation substrates are cooled to 40~45 DEG C, adjust pH to 4.80 ± 0.10, are added
0.4% cellulase and 0.6% pectase, and be inoculated with 1g compound lactobacillus powder, keep complex enzyme hydrolysis same with lactobacillus-fermented
When 48h is carried out at 40 DEG C, the then enzyme deactivation 5min in 90 DEG C of water-bath;30 DEG C are cooled to streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution, is added
Fruit wine yeast of the 1g after 10 times of warm water activation, ferment 12h under the conditions of 28 DEG C;After fermentation liquid carries out centrifugal filtration, it is added total
Amount is the xanthan gum and CMC-Na of 1g, and the two compounding is than being xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1;Finally, by deployed fermentation liquid
85 DEG C of progress hot fillings are cooled to after sterilizing 10min at 100 DEG C to get Cordyceps militaris ferment.
The flavor of product is analyzed by sense organ, electronic nose detection.Products obtained therefrom brown sugar taste is strong, is limpid
Bright rufous, sour and sweet palatability, and the alcohol fragrance for having one light;Using electronic nose to flavor components in product fermentation process
Variation analyzed, find compared with the fermentation liquid of only inoculating lactic acid bacterium, by lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete two-step fermentation
Fermentation liquid, S1 sensor (aromatic compound species) response rise about 131%, S5 sensor (terpene, esters) response
Rise about 114%, it is seen that ferment flavor can be made more prominent using two-step fermentation.
Analyze the physical and chemical index and functional components of product: gained finished product pH is 3.60 ± 0.02, soluble
Solid content is about 15.6%, alcohol content < 0.5g/100g;Cordycepin content is 45.940 ± 1.538g/mL, retention rate
About 77.68%, illustrate that influence of the zymotechnique to cordycepin is smaller, the cordyceps sinensis in product is known as and is preferably reserved for
With;The Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical of products obtained therefrom is 79.27 ± 0.94%, and potassium ferricyanide method measurement ferment reducing power is utilized,
Product is 0.7396 ± 0.0083 in the light absorption value of 700nm as the result is shown, illustrates that products obtained therefrom reducing power is stronger, is had certain
Inoxidizability.
A kind of embodiment 2: Rapid Fermentation of the Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination equal proportion cellulase/pectase complex enzyme hydrolysis
Method
It after Cordyceps militaris dry sample impurity elimination, is crushed using high speed disintegrator, and sieve with 100 mesh sieve, obtains Cordyceps militaris powder;By Cordyceps militaris
Powder dissolves each other with water 1:10, and is stirred evenly with high-speed homogenization machine, obtains Cordyceps militaris slurry;300g Cordyceps militaris slurries are taken, it is red that 150g is added
Sugar, and add 550g distilled water quantitative to 1kg, it is sufficiently stirred, makes brown sugar dissolution completely, using 85 DEG C, the Pasteur of 10min is killed
To get the fermentation substrate of Cordyceps militaris after bacterium processing;Equal fermentation substrates are cooled to 40~45 DEG C, adjust pH to 4.80 ± 0.10, are added
0.5% cellulase and 0.5% pectase, and be inoculated with 1g compound lactobacillus powder, keep complex enzyme hydrolysis same with lactobacillus-fermented
When 48h is carried out at 40 DEG C, the then enzyme deactivation 5min in 90 DEG C of water-bath;30 DEG C are cooled to streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution, is added
Fruit wine yeast of the 1g after 10 times of warm water activation, ferment 12h under the conditions of 28 DEG C;After fermentation liquid carries out centrifugal filtration, it is added total
The xanthan gum and CMC-Na that amount is 1g (it is xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1 that the two, which compounds ratio);Finally, by deployed fermentation liquid
85 DEG C of progress hot fillings are cooled to after sterilizing 10min at 100 DEG C to get Cordyceps militaris ferment.
The flavor of product is analyzed by sense organ, electronic nose detection.Products obtained therefrom brown sugar taste is strong, is limpid
Bright rufous, sweet mouthfeel is moderate, and the alcohol fragrance for having one light;Using electronic nose to flavor in product fermentation process
The variation of ingredient is analyzed, and is found compared with the fermentation liquid of only inoculating lactic acid bacterium, is sent out by lactic acid bacteria and two step of saccharomycete
The fermentation liquid of ferment, S1 sensor (aromatic compound species) response rise about 136%, S5 sensor (terpene, esters) and ring
It should be worth and rise about 128%, it is seen that ferment flavor can be made more prominent using two-step fermentation.
Analyze the physical and chemical index and functional components of product: gained finished product pH is 3.54 ± 0.02, soluble
Solid content is about 14.5%, alcohol content < 0.5g/100g;The cordycepin content of finished product is 58.808 ± 0.116g/mL,
Its retention rate is about 97.87%, illustrates influence very little of the zymotechnique to cordycepin, is known as very well to the cordyceps sinensis in product
Stick effect;The Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical of products obtained therefrom is 71.46 ± 0.22%, also using potassium ferricyanide method measurement ferment
Former power, product is 0.8478 ± 0.0056 in the light absorption value of 700nm as the result is shown, illustrates that products obtained therefrom reducing power is stronger, has
Certain inoxidizability.
A kind of embodiment 3: Rapid Fermentation of the Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination high proportion cellulase/pectase complex enzyme hydrolysis
Method
It after Cordyceps militaris dry sample impurity elimination, is crushed using high speed disintegrator, and sieve with 100 mesh sieve, obtains Cordyceps militaris powder;By Cordyceps militaris
Powder dissolves each other with water 1:10, and is stirred evenly with high-speed homogenization machine, obtains Cordyceps militaris slurry;300g Cordyceps militaris slurries are taken, it is red that 150g is added
Sugar, and add 550g distilled water quantitative to 1kg, it is sufficiently stirred, makes brown sugar dissolution completely, using 85 DEG C, the Pasteur of 10min is killed
To get the fermentation substrate of Cordyceps militaris after bacterium processing;Equal fermentation substrates are cooled to 40~45 DEG C, adjust pH to 4.80 ± 0.10, are added
0.6% cellulase and 0.4% pectase, and be inoculated with 1g compound lactobacillus powder, keep complex enzyme hydrolysis same with lactobacillus-fermented
When 48h is carried out at 40 DEG C, the then enzyme deactivation 5min in 90 DEG C of water-bath;30 DEG C are cooled to streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution, is added
Fruit wine yeast of the 1g after 10 times of warm water activation, ferment 12h under the conditions of 28 DEG C;After fermentation liquid carries out centrifugal filtration, it is added total
The xanthan gum and CMC-Na that amount is 1g (it is xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1 that the two, which compounds ratio);Finally, by deployed fermentation liquid
85 DEG C of progress hot fillings are cooled to after sterilizing 10min at 100 DEG C to get Cordyceps militaris ferment.
The flavor of product is analyzed by sense organ, electronic nose detection.Products obtained therefrom brown sugar taste is strong, is limpid
Bright rufous, sour and sweet palatability, and the alcohol fragrance for having one light;Using electronic nose to flavor components in product fermentation process
Variation analyzed, find compared with the fermentation liquid of only inoculating lactic acid bacterium, by lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete two-step fermentation
Fermentation liquid, S1 sensor (aromatic compound species) response rise about 121%, S5 sensor (terpene, esters) response
Rise about 132%, it is seen that ferment flavor can be made more prominent using two-step fermentation.
Analyze the physical and chemical index and functional components of product: gained finished product pH is 3.53 ± 0.01, soluble
Solid content is about 14.9%, alcohol content < 0.5g/100g;The cordycepin content of finished product is 47.289 ± 1.953g/mL,
Its retention rate is 79.95%, illustrates that influence of the zymotechnique to cordycepin is smaller, is known as preferably to the cordyceps sinensis in product
Stick effect;The Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical of products obtained therefrom is 70.31 ± 0.61%, and potassium ferricyanide method measurement ferment is utilized
Reducing power, product is 0.8072 ± 0.0027 in the light absorption value of 700nm as the result is shown, illustrates that products obtained therefrom reducing power is stronger,
With certain inoxidizability.
In order to which the effect that enzymatic hydrolysis and one time fermentation carry out simultaneously is better described, increase following comparative example.
Comparative example 1: it carries out enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration one time fermentation in conjunction with cellulase/pectase of equal proportion and is sent out afterwards with first digesting
The Contrast on effect of ferment
The method of enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration one time fermentation is carried out referring to embodiment 2 in conjunction with cellulase/pectase of equal proportion.Phase
Corresponding, the concrete mode that Cordyceps militaris ferment preparation is carried out by the way of first digesting post-fermentation is as follows: Cordyceps militaris dry sample impurity elimination
Afterwards, it is crushed, and sieved with 100 mesh sieve using high speed disintegrator, obtain Cordyceps militaris powder;Cordyceps militaris powder and water 1:10 are dissolved each other, and at a high speed
Refiner stirs evenly, and obtains Cordyceps militaris slurry;Gained Cordyceps militaris slurry adjust pH to 4.80 ± 0.10, be added 0.5% cellulase and
0.5% pectase digests 4h in 50 DEG C of water-bath, completes the enzyme deactivation in water-bath at a temperature of 90 °C after enzymatic hydrolysis
5min;Cordyceps militaris slurries after taking 350g to digest are added 150g brown sugar, and 500g distilled water are added quantitatively to 1kg, to be sufficiently stirred,
Make brown sugar dissolution completely, using 85 DEG C, to get the fermentation substrate of Cordyceps militaris after the pasteurize processing of 10min;Wait ferment
Matrix is cooled to 45 DEG C or so, is inoculated with 1g compound lactobacillus powder, and ferment 48h under the conditions of 40 DEG C, and 10 times of temperature of 1g are then added
Fruit wine yeast after water activation, ferment 12h under the conditions of 28 DEG C, that is, completes fermentation;After fermentation liquid carries out centrifugal filtration, it is added
Total amount is the xanthan gum and CMC-Na of 1.5g, and the two compounding is than being xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1;Finally, by deployed hair
Zymotic fluid is cooled to 85 DEG C of progress hot fillings after sterilizing 5min at 100 DEG C to get the Cordyceps militaris ferment of post-fermentation is first digested.Work
In terms of skill, by the way of enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration one time fermentation digests when low temperature is long, i.e., 48h is digested at 40 DEG C, be different from first enzyme
The high temperature, short time enzymatic hydrolysis in post-fermentation is solved, i.e., digests 4h at 50 DEG C.
Using the flavor more horn of plenty of ferment obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration one time fermentation, electronic nose has higher response.With elder generation
Enzymatic hydrolysis post-fermentation is compared, and representative two sensor S1 (representing aromatic compound species) response rises about
36%, S5 (representing terpene, esters) response rises about 33%.
The pH and soluble solid of the two finished product are not much different, and alcohol content is similarly less than 0.5g/100g.And
In the ferment product for first digesting post-fermentation, cordycepin content is 56.159 ± 0.014mg/L, compared to enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration one time fermentation
Cordycepin in product reduces about 18%;Its Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical is 59.58 ± 0.69%, primary compared to enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration
The clearance rate of fermented product reduces about 17%;Ferment reducing power is measured using potassium ferricyanide method, it is in 700nm as the result is shown
Light absorption value be 0.6177 ± 0.0086, compared to enzymatic hydrolysis collaboration one time fermentation product reducing power reduce about 18%.
As can be seen from the above results, at the same carry out enzymatic hydrolysis and one-step fermentation, not only save early period enzymatic hydrolysis it is pretreated
Time, moreover it is possible to promote the flavor of ferment product, increase the cordycepin content in ferment, improve its inoxidizability.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) preparation of Cordyceps militaris powder and Cordyceps militaris slurry: being 34000r/min's using motor speed after Cordyceps militaris dry sample impurity elimination
High speed disintegrator crushes, and sieves with 100 mesh sieve, and obtains Cordyceps militaris powder;Cordyceps militaris powder and water dissolve each other according to the mass ratio of 1:10~15
Afterwards, it is mixed with high-speed homogenization 1~2min of machine intermittent stirring that revolving speed is 3000~3600r/min, each duration is no more than
10s obtains Cordyceps militaris slurry;
(2) preparation of Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate: in terms of the gross mass of Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate, wherein 30~40% be step (1)
Resulting Cordyceps militaris slurry, 10~20% be the brown sugar as fermenting carbon source, remaining is distilled water;It ferments to prepared Cordyceps militaris
Matrix carries out pasteurize processing;
(3) complex enzyme hydrolysis cooperates with lactobacillus-fermented: the Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate for having killed bacterium being cooled to 40~45 DEG C, uses citric acid
0.4~0.6% cellulase and 0.4 is added in terms of the gross mass of Cordyceps militaris fermentation substrate in solution tune pH to 4.80~5.00
~0.6% pectase, and on fermentation substrate inoculation 0.1~0.2% lactic acid bacteria, so that complex enzyme hydrolysis and lactic acid bacteria is existed simultaneously
It is digested at 40~45 DEG C and the 36~48h that ferments, then 5~10min of enzyme deactivation in 85~90 DEG C of water-bath, obtains fermentation liquid;
(4) fruit wine yeast bacterium ferment: step (3) resulting fermentation liquid is cooled to 28~32 DEG C, then be inoculated with 0.10~
The fruit wine yeast bacterium of 0.15% (w/w), 6~18h of ferment at constant temperature at 26~30 DEG C;
(5) it is centrifuged: taking and carry out centrifugation 4200r/min by the Cordyceps militaris fermentation liquid of lactic acid bacteria, fruit wine yeast bacterium two-step fermentation,
10min filters to obtain clarified solution after centrifugation;
(6) it deploys: being centrifuged in resulting clarified solution in step (5) and stabilizer is added;
(7) sterilize filling: the fermentation liquid deployed carries out 95~100 DEG C, the sterilization of 5~10min;85~90 DEG C are cooled to, is taken advantage of
Heat pours into the vial that has sterilized in advance to get to Cordyceps militaris ferment product.
2. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the pasturisation temp in the step (2) is 80~90 DEG C, and the time is 10~20min.
3. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, citric acid solution concentration is 10% (w/w) in the step (3);The enzyme activity of the cellulase is 50,000 U/
G, the enzyme activity of pectase are 100,000 U/g, and suitable hydrolysis temperature is 40~50 DEG C.
4. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the seeded process of the lactic acid bacteria is completed in super-clean bench in the step (3);The lactic acid bacteria is prebiotic
Bacterium zymophyte powder, wherein containing lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium longum, bacterium
For kind amount up to 8,000,000,000 CFU/g, suitable growth temperature is 37~45 DEG C.
5. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, in the step (3), the seeded process of the lactic acid bacteria is completed in super-clean bench;The lactic acid bacteria is probiotics
Zymophyte powder, wherein containing lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium longum, strain
For amount up to 8,000,000,000 CFU/g, suitable growth temperature is 37~45 DEG C.
6. a kind of according to claim 1, fermentation preparation side of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis described in 2 or 5
Method, which is characterized in that in the step (4), the seeded process of fruit wine yeast bacterium is completed in super-clean bench;The fruit wine yeast bacterium
It for " grape wine fruit wine special yeast powder ", needs first to be activated with 35~40 DEG C of warm water before use, then is seeded to temperature and is
In 26~30 DEG C of fermentation liquid.
7. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, in the step (4), the seeded process of fruit wine yeast bacterium is completed in super-clean bench;The fruit wine yeast bacterium is " Portugal
Grape wine fruit wine special yeast powder " needs first to be activated with 35~40 DEG C of warm water before use, then being seeded to temperature is 26~30
DEG C fermentation liquid in.
8. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, in the step (4), the seeded process of fruit wine yeast bacterium is completed in super-clean bench;The fruit wine yeast bacterium is " Portugal
Grape wine fruit wine special yeast powder " needs first to be activated with 35~40 DEG C of warm water before use, then being seeded to temperature is 26~30
DEG C fermentation liquid in.
9. a kind of according to claim 1, fermentation system of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis described in 2,5,7 or 8
Preparation Method, which is characterized in that the stabilizer is the compound stabilizer of xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na, wherein
The total addition level of stabilizer is 0.10~0.20% (w/w), and compounding is than being xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1.
10. a kind of fermentation preparation of the two-step Cordyceps militaris ferment of combination complex enzyme hydrolysis according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, the stabilizer is the compound stabilizer of xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na, wherein stabilizer
Total addition level is 0.10~0.20% (w/w), and compounding is than being xanthan gum: CMC-Na=2:1.
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