CN109699263A - A kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods - Google Patents
A kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods, including variety selection, ecological prevention and control, physics and chemistry lure control technology, biological control and chemical control；This method strictly observes safety interval of pesticide pollution, environmentally friendly, and good to locust bean wood louse, state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree looper control efficiency, effectively improves sophora bud yield, is of great significance to double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest prevention and control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to control methods, and in particular to a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods.
Background technique
Double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartrees (Sophora japonica Linn. " shuangjimi ") are the breedings for producing the high-quality sophora bud
Chinese scholar tree, belong to the perennial deciduous tree of pulse family Papillionoideae, be excellent one of avenue tree planting, unopened bud is Chinese scholartree
Rice has blood-stanching and blood-cooling, and the effect clear liver and improved vision, in recent years, in Hunan, Guangxi, Shanxi, the ground such as Chongqing occur artificial extensive
Cultivation.In Chongqing Hills, there are about 1300hm2Chinese scholar tree cultivated area.With the expansion of Chinese scholar tree cultivated area, human intervention
Movable reinforcement, the increase of pest and disease damage drug resistance, so that Chinese scholar tree pest and disease damage is got worse.Currently, the insect pest that Chinese scholar tree is common
It include: locust bean wood louse, state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree looper.
State's scholartree olethreutree (Cydia trasias Meyrick) also known as the small moth of Chinese scholar tree petiole, Lepidoptera Tortricidae, mainly
Host has Chinese scholar tree, dragon to grab Chinese scholartree, butterfly Chinese scholartree etc., in northern general 1 year 2 generations of generation, is slightly endangered with 1 Nian Shengxin of larva brill moth, is just incubated
Larva mostly eats into branch from the base portion of pinnate compound leaf handle and endangers, and causes compound leaf or spray withered or broken, seriously affects
The growth and yield of the Chinese scholar tree sophora bud.Pests occurrence rule etc. of the pest in Chongqing region is not yet reported that.
Locust bean wood louse (Cyamophila willieti Wu) is Homoptera, Psyllidae pest.At, nymph piercing and sucking state
The annual spray of Chinese scholartree, tender leaf harm, nymphae secretion can cause sophora bud blade sooty mould, influence leaf photosynthesis, cause state
Bolting does not generate inflorescence to Chinese scholartree spray, serious to influence Chinese scholar tree tree vigo(u)r.Locust bean wood louse is overwintering with aged nymph, and winter generation adult is
Dark brown, it is Chong Die with the first generation adult of green to occur.Locust bean wood louse nymph is in r type Assembled distribution on Chinese scholar tree, is deposited with aphid
It in same ecological niche, endangers in rising trend, has instead of aphid as Chinese scholar tree on double season Chinese scholartrees of Chongqing haugh mountain area plantation
The trend of important shoot pest.In northern a word used in place name Western Hills level ground base, at least occurred for 3 generations within locust bean wood louse 1 year, if with the overwintering rear first generation
Worm harm is the most serious.Therefore, first generation nymph insect density is reduced, is the key that prevention and treatment locust bean wood louse.
Chinese scholar tree ruler pot (Semiothisa cinerearia Bremer et Grey) also known as Chinese scholartree ruler pot, are subordinate to Lepidoptera,
Geometridae, larva are the pests of the plants such as Chinese scholar tree, Sophora japonica L. cv. Golden Stem, Chinese pagoda tree, and Larva has binge, can eat up Chinese scholar tree
Tender leaf influences the photosynthesis of tree vigo(u)r and blade, and Chinese scholar tree bud can be caused to postpone differentiation, and the sophora bud underproduction is even had no harvest.
Traditional control method dosage is big, every short, persticide residue height during chemistry security.Therefore, it is badly in need of one kind to adopt
With green prevention and control technology, using the environmentally friendly controlling measurement state such as ecological regulation and control, biological control, physical control and Scientific Usage of Drugs
The vegetative practice of Chinese scholartree insect pest obtains a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods, this method ring
Border is friendly, and pesticide residue meets the double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartrees of nuisanceless standard.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods include the following steps: that variety selection, ecological prevention and control, physics and chemistry lure
Control technology, biological control and chemical control；
The variety selection is that selection adapts to double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree high yields of Chongqing Hills, insect pest kind；
The ecology prevention and control include water and fertilizer management, and plant processing is rebuild and endangered to field weeding；
It includes that Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure traps that the physics and chemistry, which lures control technology, and yellow card's trap, light trap and poultry are looked for food；
The biological control is preyed on using natural enemy；
The chemical control be before locust bean wood louse nymph peak period 2 days be used alone 0.105g/L imidacloprid,
The avermectin of the Acetamiprid of 0.048mL/L, the pyrethrin of 0.024mL/L or 0.01mL/L is sprayed；Or 0.0525g/L
Imidacloprid compounded with the matrine compound of 0.0015mL/L, the imidacloprid of 0.0525g/L with the jervine of 0.004mL/L,
The imidacloprid of 0.0525g/L compounds with the pyrethrin of 0.012mL/L, the AVM hereinafter of the imidacloprid of 0.0525g/L and 0.005mL/L
Rhzomorph compounding, the matrine compound of the Acetamiprid of 0.024mL/L and 0.0015mL/L, 0.024mL/L Acetamiprid with
0.012mL/L pyrethrin compounding, the Acetamiprid of 0.024mL/L and 0.005mL/L abamectin compounded, 0.024mL/L
Acetamiprid compounded with the jervine of 0.004mL/L and carry out spraying prevention and treatment locust bean wood louse；
Rotenone, the Dipel of 17777IU/mL and the pyrrole of 0.131g/L of 0.061mL/L are used at the beginning of 6 months at the end of May
Worm quinoline compounding；The matrine compound of the imidacloprid of 0.131g/L, the nimbin of 0.004mL/L and 0.006mL/L；0.131g/L's
Imidacloprid is compounded with the rotenone of 0.061mL/L and is sprayed；The effective cypermethrin and 0.003g/L methylamino of 0.063mL/L
Abamectin benzoate is used in compounding prevention and treatment state's scholartree olethreutree；
The first tenday period of a month in May and early August respectively use 1 time, the worm mite indoxacarb of 0.02mL/L, with the print chinaberry of 0.0036mL/L
Element, the Dipel of 1000IU/L, the matrine of 0.003mL/L, the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of Mamestra Brassicae of 800,000,000 PIB/L or
The avermectin of 0.0072mL/L carries out spraying prevention and treatment Chinese scholar tree looper.
Preferably, the specific method is as follows for the ecological prevention and control:
A. water and fertilizer management: it is higher than 6 years big trees for growth year, twice, mid-April applies fertilizer 1 time, every plant for fertilising in 1 year
Dose are as follows: 0.54-1.2kg urea, 0.9kg calcium superphosphate, 0.54kg potassium chloride；The 2nd fertilising mid-May, dose are as follows:
0.36-0.8kg urea, 0.6kg calcium superphosphate, 0.36kg potassium chloride；1 year raw seedling of current year transplanting, should be according to weather condition
Appropriate the watering, (N:P in compound fertilizer that imposes compound fertilizer May 2 times2O5:K2O=22:10:21, weight ratio), each dose is
0.5-1kg/ plants；
B. field weeding: in 5-8 month weeding 3-4 times, or black thin film is covered in nursery and inhibits green grass growth；
C. rationally trimming: the carry out pruning by the end of January at 12 bottoms to second year；
D.7 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon after the sophora bud harvests, can clear up the plant for having already appeared the harm of state's scholartree olethreutree, cut
Fall pecky branch, takes field out of and burn or put into the swag progress smashing processing for piling lime, reduce state's scholartree olethreutree
Insect population.
Preferably, the physics and chemistry lures control technology specific as follows:
A. it arrives from late April by the end of September, luring for state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree looper adult is carried out using Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure
Trapper, is specifically suspended among the more vigorous side shoot of shoot and leaf growth by collection, 5-6 set is placed per acre, 30 when fine day is more
Its lure of replacement, the lure of replacement in 21 days the or so when rainy day is more；
B.4 at the beginning of the moon, in field, suspension yellow traps plate, will trap that plate is hung in Chinese scholar tree all directions four direction one
Among year life branch, in two height of 2m and 3m, the Huang plate of replacement in one week or so is primary；The yellow plate 4 of every plant of extension is opened, per acre with yellow plate
160-200；
C.3-11 month, in 1 full-automatic spectrum frequency trembler lamps of the every 10-15 mus of suspension in sophora bud base, in April by the end of March
It first and mid or late June to early July, carries out trapping state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree using 500 watts of self-rectifying high-pressure sodium lamp
The adult of geometrid moth；
D. hayashishita is raised chickens, and is no more than 20 per acre.
Preferably, the prevention and treatment is release harmonia axyridia, wasp fly and Chrysopa natural enemy.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the invention discloses a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods, with life
The technology preventions gold Chinese scholartree insect pests such as state regulation, biological control, physics and chemistry trap, Scientific Usage of Drugs, stringent Pesticide use classification and using time
Number, strictly observes safety interval of pesticide pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, the present invention provides following attached drawing and carries out
Illustrate:
Fig. 1 be locust bean wood louse concentrate on it is tender slightly harm with adult picture (A: locust bean wood louse concentrates on tender slightly harm figure；B: Chinese scholartree
Beans wood louse adult).
Fig. 2 is the small moth adult of Chinese scholar tree petiole and larva Harm (A: state scholartree olethreutree larva；B: state's scholartree olethreutree at
Worm).
Fig. 3 is the trapper of the small moth of Chinese scholar tree petiole.
Fig. 4 is mature larva overwintering at bark crack.
Fig. 5 is the small moth larvae of Chinese scholar tree petiole under stereomicroscope.
Fig. 6 is Chinese scholar tree cankerworm and adult (A: larva；B: adult).
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can be with
It better understands the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
When large area is planted, the golden Chinese scholartree high yield, the insect pest kind that adapt to Chongqing Hills should be selected.The embodiment of the present invention
Select double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartrees (Chongqing S-TS-SJ-004-2015).
Embodiment 1, the observation of locust bean wood louse growth and decline state and prevention and treatment
(1) growth and decline state is observed
Occur to nymph by the end of May terminating substantially from mid or late April nymph, to locust bean wood louse nymph population quantity change into
Row system investigation, investigation is primary every three days.Every time in four sides in same plot and sampling core, 20 numbers, each tree are investigated altogether
According to east, south, west, north direction, if tender tip is inside and outside to count borer population respectively, locust bean wood louse is finally judged with insect density (head)
First generation nymph Population Fluctuation rule, as a result as shown in Figure 1.The results show that locust bean wood louse nymph sent out 3 days or so May
Raw amount highest, continues to decline, with the quick rise of northern a word used in place name sophora bud base temperature, locust bean wood louse nymph emergence amount quickly increases later
Add.
(2) different height, the backboards of different directions, yellow plate are to the attractive effect of locust bean wood louse adult
In May 18, adult progress backboard, the yellow plate sprouted wings are trapped, setting 2m high according to tree, two height of 3m,
Yellow plate hangs over position among annotinous branch, divides the direction of all directions 4.Start to trap at the morning 10, every two hour is more
It is primary to change backboard, yellow plate, counts the borer population trapped.To observe different height, different colours trap plate and lure locust bean wood louse
Collection effect, the results are shown in Table 1.
The different Huang in table 1, different observing time, suspension direction, backboard are to the amount of trapping (head) of locust bean wood louse
As it can be seen from table 1 locust bean wood louse will be significantly higher than backboard to the taxis of yellow plate.When yellow plate traps, in difference
Consumption time section, the adult quantity trapped is inconsistent, and wherein the 12:30 at noon and the 14:30 in afternoon trap quantity highest,
The adult quantity trapped after 16:30 in afternoon is decreased obviously, until it is minimum to trap quantity after evening darkness.It is possible thereby to see
Out, locust bean wood louse adult will be apparently higher than backboard to the taxis of yellow plate；Under conditions of weather is fine, with the southern worm lured
Mouth number highest；Locust bean wood louse is more active in 10:30 to the 16:30 period.
It is high according to sophora bud tree, two height are set and carry out luring for locust bean wood louse adult, are trapped between two processing
Adult quantity difference unobvious (123；131).
(3) chemical control
Medicament used: 0.4% Osthole EC (Wuhan Nature)；20% Acetamiprid can solution
Agent (Shanghai Sheng Nong biochemical product limited liability company)；(Inner Mongol is radically reformed protects the limited public affairs of biotechnology to 0.6% aqueous matrine solution
Department)；3.2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (Shenzhen Nuopuxin Agricultural Chemical Co., Ltd)；1.5% pyrethrin water emulsion (the Inner Mongol
It radically reforms and protects Biotechnology Co., Ltd)；70% imidacloprid water dispersible granule (Bayer Cropscience (China) Co., Ltd)；49%
0.5% jervine soluble concentrate of soft soap aqua (Shenzhen Bioglobal Agricultural Science Co., Ltd.) (Hebei fragrance millet biotechnology
Co., Ltd).
Medicament spraying method: progress chemical control on May 1, chemical control are carried out in spraying mode, and sprayer is Pei County
Blue sky plant protection instrument factory production knapsack electric sprayer (model: 3WBD-20L water yield: 3.0L/min, hydraulic pressure:
480000Pa)。
Experimental group A: medicament spray concentration are as follows: imidacloprid 0.105g/L, Acetamiprid 0.048mL/L, Osthole
0.005mL/L, matrine 0.003mL/L, jervine 0.008mL/L, pyrethrin 0.024mL/L, avermectin 0.01mL/L,
Soft soap water 7.35mL/L.
Experimental group B is that all medicament spray concentrations halve；
Experimental group C is that imidacloprid, Acetamiprid and remaining reagent in experiment group B compound two-by-two, spraying for blank with clear water
Control.Spray front and back to the East, West, South, North of each tree, outside branch slightly, interior slightly carry out nymph borer population statistics.
After spray for 24 hours, the borer population for surviving nymph is investigated after 48h and 72h, according to:
The death rate (%)=(dead borer population ÷ borer population living) × 100；
Corrected mortality (%)=(the processing death rate-control death rate) ÷ (1- compares the death rate) × 100.
After reagent spray, do not observe that medicament acts on the phytotoxicity of the sophora bud, statistical result is as shown in table 2.Table 2,8 kind of medicament
Normal dose and halve the spraying corrected mortality (%) to locust bean wood louse first generation nymph of concentration
Note: it indicates with the different letters of a line in 95% horizontal upper significant difference.
As can be seen from Table 2: when carrying out spraying prevention and treatment locust bean wood louse using the medicament of normal use, imidacloprid wettable powder
48h, 72h are best to the preventive effect of locust bean wood louse after spraying for agent, are significantly higher than other medicaments；Pyrethrin is to Chinese scholartree after handling 72h
The corrected mortality of beans wood louse and the difference that imidacloprid is handled is not significant.In the six kinds of biological agents used, avermectin with
The preventive effect of avermectin is higher, worst with the preventive effect of soft soap water and Osthole.Meanwhile from table 2 it can be seen that concentration halves spray
After mist, the corrected mortality of locust bean wood louse simultaneously increases with the increase of processing time, after handling 72h, two kinds of chemical pesticides
It is not significant with the processing preventive effect difference of matrine, pyrethrin, avermectin.
In order to reduce the usage amount of chemical pesticide, in such a way that chemical pesticide halves with biological pesticide and to compound, to 8 kinds
12 kinds of complex treatments of preparation carry out preventive effect inspection and the results are shown in Table 3 and table 4 using the correction death rate of locust bean wood louse as investigation object.
From table 3 it can be seen that the imidacloprid amount of spraying halve with remaining biological agent compounding after, it is more single to halve the medicine used
Agent increased the corrected mortality of locust bean wood louse, until 72h after processing, imidacloprid halves and matrine, pyrethrin, AVM hereinafter
After rhzomorph halves compounding, the corrected mortality of locust bean wood louse is significantly higher than other compoundings more than 95%.
Table 3, imidacloprid halve with biological pesticide compounds the spraying corrected mortality (%) to locust bean wood louse nymph
Note: it indicates with the different letters of a line in 95% horizontal upper significant difference.
From table 3 it can be seen that after Acetamiprid and other biological preparation halve compounding spraying treatment, the correction of locust bean wood louse
After treatment for 24 hours, 48h, 72h increased the death rate when being used alone compared with half-value dose, until 72h after processing, half-value dose pyridine worm
The corrected mortality of amidine and half-value dose pyrethrin, avermectin and black false hellebore alkali process is significantly higher than other processing.
Table 4, Acetamiprid halve with biological pesticide compounds the spraying corrected mortality (%) to locust bean wood louse
Note: it indicates with the different letters of a line in 95% horizontal upper significant difference.
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4 that chemical agent and biological agent, which halve dosage compounding, can significantly increase locust bean wood
The corrected mortality of lice, for the prevention and treatment of locust bean wood louse first generation nymph, recommends imidacloprid, Acetamiprid and kuh-seng in production
It is spraying that alkali, jervine, pyrethrin and avermectin concentration halve compounding.In addition, the imidacloprid that also can be used alone, Acetamiprid two
Kind chemical pesticide, spray concentration is respectively 0.105g/L and 0.048mL/L.It, can also be in order to reduce the drug resistance of locust bean wood louse
It is used with pyrethrin, avermectin rotation, the concentration used is respectively 0.024mL/L and 0.01mL/L.
Embodiment 2, the observation of state's scholartree olethreutree growth and decline state and prevention and treatment
(1) state's scholartree olethreutree is observed
It is trapped using Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure, since on March 27th, 2017, in northern a word used in place name Western Hills level ground sophora bud base
Trapping test is carried out, trapper is triangular in shape, and insect-sticking plate is pasted in bottom, and places two lures, trapping in insect-sticking plate diagonal line
Device is suspended on the branch of tree middle part, and spacing is 30m between two trappers, trapper insect-sticking plate of every 7 days statistics it is male at
Borer population amount (meets weather permitting (WP)), the lure of replacement in 4 weeks；In conjunction with field observation, the branch that insect pest occurs is dissected, is observed
The generation of larva, development degree, to infer its pests occurrence rule.
Continuous 6 months trapping tests in 2017 and in branch larva observation show the worm in the Chongqing base Jin Huai 1
In 2 generations, occurred for year, there is generation overlap phenomenon.Late October is overwintering in bark crack, seed, fruit pod etc. with mature larva.It is overwintering
Larva early April enters pupa time successively, and adult occurs after 2~3 weeks, and adult phototaxis is weak, polypide atropurpureus or Dark grey, preceding
Wing taupe or black, leading edge have 1 yellowish-white line, have apparent 4 macula luteas among yellowish-white line, have unconspicuous cloud on finned surface
Shape decorative pattern, hind wing dark brown, body are grown at 5mm or so (Fig. 2).Main harm position be branch rugosity in 1 year raw 7~14mm slightly
Golden Chinese scholartree petiole position, hazard ratio is 80% or more.
(2) it is trapped using Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure
Since on March 27th, 2017, trapping test is carried out in northern a word used in place name Western Hills level ground sophora bud base, trapper is triangular in shape
(being purchased from Beijing Pherobio Technology Co., Ltd.), mid-mounting lure, both sides and pedestal paste insect-sticking plate, trapping
Device is suspended on the intermediate position of tree, and spacing is 30m between two trappers, trapper insect-sticking plate of every 7 days statistics it is male at
Borer population amount (meets weather permitting (WP)), the lure (Fig. 3) of replacement in 4 weeks.In conjunction with field observation, the branch that insect pest occurs is solved
It cuts open, observes the generation of larva, development degree, to infer its pests occurrence rule.
Statistical result: the male insect of the small moth of Chinese scholar tree petiole was counted since March 27 traps number, starts from early April
Winter generation adult is trapped, between May 9, more significant peak, May was presented April 30 in winter generation adult full incidence period
After the middle ten days, adult occurrence quantity is remarkably decreased, and the adult amount of trapping is 0 after May 16.The emergence peak period of second generation adult is 6
Between 18 to 25 moon.First brood of larvae just incubates the phase in mid or late May to early June, and second generation larva endangers the phase 6 below the moon
Ten days, after early June, the worm generation overlap was than more serious, it is seen that each worm state between late July.The worm is in Beibei, chongqing
1 year two generation of generation of area, with mature larva in Chinese scholar tree epidermis seam overwintering (Fig. 4).
The larva body that solution is cut from the branch of field is long it can be concluded that the small moth larvae of Chinese scholar tree petiole is presented from generation to generation in field
Alternate Phenomenon, in the same time, larvae development situation is different (Fig. 5), and also with adult, there is a situation where consistent for this.
Above-mentioned observation can be summarized as, and state's scholartree olethreutree is in 1 year 2 generation of generation of Chongqing knob, and Overwintering Larvae is in 4 months
The last ten-days period pupate successively, pupa time 8-10d, and the occurance peak of over-wintering adult is by the end of April to the first tenday period of a month in May, the generation phase of 1st generation adult
In mid or late June, generation phase of 2nd generation adult, generation overlap was serious after mid-June, by the end of September extremely by the end of July to early August
At the beginning of 10 months, most of larva enters overwintering.
(3) chemical control
Medicament purchase used producer is as follows: 25 grams per liter decis (Bayer Cropscience (China) Co., Ltd)；10%
Effective cypermethrin (Shanghai Ruilian Chemical Co., Ltd.)；25 grams per liter gamma cyhalothrins (the limited public affairs of the clever pesticide of Hebei China
Department)；0.5% aqueous matrine solution (Beijing Multigrass Formulation Co., Ltd.)；(Chengdu is green for 0.3% nimbin emulsion
Golden biotechnology Co., Ltd)；(Inner Mongol is radically reformed protects the limited public affairs of biotechnology to 1.5% aqueous emulsion of natural pyrethrum
Department)；22% sulfoxaflor suspending agent (The Dow Agrosciences, LLC.)；70% imidacloprid water dispersible granule (Bayer Cropscience
(China) Co., Ltd)；0.4% Osthole EC (Wuhan Nature)；16000IU/mg Su Yunjin
Bacillus wettable powder (Wuhan Nature)；(Inner Mongol is radically reformed protects biotechnology to 7.5% rotenone emulsifiable solution
Co., Ltd)；5% emamectin-benzoate (Yin Nong Science and Technology Co., Ltd.).
Chemical control carries out spraying treatment by the way of several composite reagents, and each compounding agent handles 5 plants, and it is clear for compareing
Water.
Chemicals treatment are as follows:
A1: matrine+nimbin+sulfoxaflor；
A2: rotenone+nimbin+sulfoxaflor；
A3: natural pyrethrum+nimbin+sulfoxaflor；
A4: matrine+Dipel+nimbin；
A5: rotenone+Dipel+imidacloprid；
A6: pyrethrum+Dipel+imidacloprid；
A7: Osthole+Dipel+nimbin；
A8: effective cypermethrin+imidacloprid；
A9: effective cypermethrin+emamectin-benzoate；
A10: decis+imidacloprid；
A11: emamectin-benzoate+imidacloprid；
A12: sulfoxaflor；
A13: imidacloprid；
A14: matrine+nimbin+imidacloprid；
A15: rotenone+imidacloprid；
A16: gamma cyhalothrin+imidacloprid.
The use concentration of each medicament are as follows: decis 0.013mL/L, effective cypermethrin 0.063mL/L, efficient chlorine fluorine cyanogen
Pyrethroids 0.016mL/L, matrine 0.006mL/L, nimbin 0.004mL/L；Osthole 0.006mL/L, Dipel
17777IU/mL, rotenone 0.061mL/L, emamectin-benzoate 0.003g/L；Sulfoxaflor 0.028mL/
L；Imidacloprid 0.131g/L, natural pyrethrum 0.023mL/L.
Wherein: A1, A3, A8, A10, A12, A13, A14, A16 are sprayed in the morning；A2, A4, A5, A6, A7, A9, A11, A15
It sprays after 4 points in the afternoon.It is prevented and treated when May 26 (first generation newly hatched larvae has just been hatched) newly hatched larvae is endangered, 7
Each processing is counted after it to the control efficiency of the small moth of Chinese scholar tree petiole.And single plant sophora bud fresh weight is counted when collecting the sophora bud July, it uses
HPLC method measures the content of rutin in the sophora bud, Quercetin and Isorhamnetin, and the results are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 5, the control efficiency for handling A12 is worst, A5, A9, A14, and the control efficiency of A15 is preferable, from Chinese scholartree
Rice yield analyzes A5, and the content of A9, A15 are higher, but not significant with the volume variance of processing A14, and the yield of A12 is minimum, with
Blank control difference is not significant.And the change of divergence respectively handled between effective component is more complicated, handles rutin in A15 and A16
Content between difference it is not significant.
Table 5, each treatment agent are to the control efficiency of state's scholartree olethreutree and the shadow of single plant sophora bud fresh weight and Contents of Main Components
It rings
As can be seen that state's scholartree olethreutree is in weight from from the pests occurrence rule of state's scholartree olethreutree to Chongqing knob
Regional 1 year 2 generation of generation are celebrated, this has been reported unanimously with northern each province.It wherein, is the Sheng hair of winter generation adult by the end of April and at the beginning of 5 months
Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure can be used at this time and trap male imago phase, to reduce the mating of adult, and then control 1st generation children
The occurrence quantity of worm.1st generation larva just incubates the phase in mid or late May to early June, and 2nd generation larva endangers the phase in late June to July
Between the last ten-days period, the two periods are the reasonable time of chemical control larva, and the children of brill moth harm can be effectively controlled in medication at this time
Borer population amount.
From the point of view of the test result for carrying out chemical control to state scholartree olethreutree larva, single application contact toxicity medicament is prevented
Imitate worst, the preventive effect of single use sulfoxaflor contact insecticide will be well below using A1: matrine+nimbin+flonicamid
Nitrile；A2: rotenone+nimbin+sulfoxaflor；A3: natural pyrethrum+nimbin+sulfoxaflor preventive effect.Kuh-seng
Alkali, nimbin and pyrethrum are botanical pesticides, have and tag and stomach poison function, are used in compounding with sulfoxaflor anti-
It controls effect and 8-10% has been respectively increased, but compare with A5, A9, A14 and A15, control efficiency and all low pyrrole of single plant sophora bud fresh weight
Worm quinoline have tag, stomach toxicity and absorbability, imidacloprid are compounded with rotenone and Dipel, imidacloprid and rotenone, pyrrole worm
Quinoline and matrine and azadirachtin complex use, and the control efficiency to state's scholartree olethreutree is respectively 70.34%, 68.26% and
58.06%.Effective cypermethrin is compounded with emamectin-benzoate also reaches the control efficiency of state's scholartree olethreutree
64.23%, apparent effect of increasing production is also played to the fresh weight of every plant of sophora bud.Therefore, in actual production, recommend pyrrole worm
Quinoline, Dipel compound with rotenone, imidacloprid and rotenone, imidacloprid and matrine and azadirachtin complex, efficient chlorine cyanogen
Pyrethroids is used in compounding with emamectin-benzoate.
Embodiment 3, the pests occurrence rule and chemical control of Chinese scholar tree looper
(1) Chinese scholar tree looper pests occurrence rule is investigated
Place is investigated in northern a word used in place name Western Hills level ground village sophora bud base, is started from mid-March, it is primary every observation in 5 days, observe result
It has been shown that, the shallow soil layer under state Chinese scholartree is overwintering with pupa for Chinese scholar tree looper, and overwintering rear first generation adult lays eggs in mid-April, in land by the end of April
It is continuous to there is first brood of larvae to hatch, enter Larva phase (Fig. 6) in mid-May, while entering the gluttony stage, this period, no
Larva with age can arrive in field observation.The larva for the Chinese scholar tree looper that July occurs is second generation larva, for fragmentary hair
It is raw；Light traps the results show that at the beginning of the 20-7 month in June, is the full incidence period of first generation adult.At the beginning of August, second generation larva enters Sheng hair
Phase.Therefore, at the beginning of the emphasis of chemical control should be placed on 5 months and at the beginning of August.
(2) chemical control
1 time: 10% worm mite indoxacarb suspending agent (agrochemical Co., Ltd, Jiangxi CTC (Centell Technology Corporation)) is used in the first tenday period of a month in May；0.6% is bitter
Ginseng buck agent (Inner Mongol radically reform protect biotechnology limited)；2000000000 PIB/mL Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of Mamestra Brassicae suspending agent (rivers
Western province Xinlong Biotechnology Co., Ltd)；1.8% avermectin micro-emulsion (Jinan Zhong Ke green bio Engineering Co., Ltd)；
0.3% nimbin emulsion (Chengdu Lvjin biotechnology Co., Ltd)；The potent Dipel wettable powder of 5000IU/mg
Agent (the agricultural pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of Hubei Province Kang Xin) then counts the death rate, and the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6, several medicament various concentrations are to the corrected mortality of Chinese scholar tree looper
As can be seen from Table 6, corrected mortality of the worm mite indoxacarb after 0.02mL/L handles 72h reaches 100%；?
It is good with matrine, nimbin and the effect of Dipel in the processing of several biological pesticides and botanical pesticide, wherein kuh-seng
It is 100% that the minimum dosage of alkali (0.003mL/L), which handles the 48h post-equalization death rate,；After nimbin 0.0036mL/L handles 48h
Corrected mortality is 93.95%, and Dipel reaches 100% in the 1000IU/L processing 48h post-equalization death rate；800000000 wild cabbages
Chinese scholar tree cankerworm corrected mortality reaches 100% after californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus processing 48h；In addition, avermectin
The test worm correction death rate reaches 100% after 0.0072mL/L processing 72h.
It can be seen that the first tenday period of a month in May from above-mentioned conclusion, the chemical pesticide that can be used for the prevention and treatment of Chinese scholar tree cankerworm green has worm
Mite indoxacarb (0.02mL/L), spray timings are 1 time.
Simultaneously, it is possible to use biological pesticide and botanical pesticide and minimum had using concentration: matrine (0.003mL/
L)；Nimbin (0.0036mL/L), Dipel (1000IU/L) Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of Mamestra Brassicae (800,000,000 PIB/L)；Ah
It ties up rhzomorph (0.0072mL/L).
Embodiment 4, a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods
A kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) variety selection: selection adapts to double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree high yields of Chongqing Hills, insect pest kind (Chongqing S-TS-
SJ-004-2015)。
(2) ecological prevention and control
A. water and fertilizer management: it is higher than 6 years big trees for growth year, twice, mid-April applies fertilizer 1 time, every plant for fertilising in 1 year
Dose are as follows: 0.54-1.2kg urea, 0.9kg calcium superphosphate, 0.54kg potassium chloride；The 2nd fertilising mid-May, dose are as follows:
0.36-0.8kg urea, 0.6kg calcium superphosphate, 0.36kg potassium chloride.1 year raw seedling of current year transplanting, should be according to weather condition
Appropriate watering, May, growth of seedling enter animated period, (the N:P in compound fertilizer that can impose compound fertilizer 2 times2O5:K2O=22:10:
21, weight ratio), each dose is 0.5-1kg/ plant, and when fertilising should avoid the fibrous root position of seedling, and open loop is applied fertilizer, can also be
It is spread fertilizer over the fields after raining, above-mentioned fertilising is all made of cyclic annular ditch spread.
B. field weeding: for seedling in nursery, timely artificial weeding, generally wants weeding in the eugonic 5-8 month
3-4 times, or cover black thin film in nursery, achieve the purpose that inhibit green grass growth and keep soil moisture content.
C. rationally trimming: the trimming of Chongqing region gold Chinese scholartree is generally concentrated at the completion by the end of January at 12 bottoms to second year, pruning
Major branch and side shoot have been selected and remain in conjunction with shaping and high yield requirement.
D.7 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon after the sophora bud harvests, can clear up the plant for having already appeared the harm of state's scholartree olethreutree, cut
Fall pecky branch, takes field out of and burn or put into the swag progress smashing processing for piling lime, reduce state's scholartree olethreutree
Insect population.
(3) physics and chemistry lures control technology:
A. state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree geometrid moth trap
Generally until by the end of September, carrying out state's scholartree olethreutree and state using Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure from late April and at the beginning of 5 months
Chinese scholartree looper adult traps.Specifically trapper is suspended among the more vigorous side shoot of shoot and leaf growth, places 5-6 per acre
Set, the lure of replacement in 30 days when fine day is more, the lure of replacement in 21 days the or so when rainy day is more.
B. yellow card's trap
The beginning of April, in field, suspension yellow traps plate, will trap that plate is hung in Chinese scholar tree all directions four direction one
Among year life branch, in two height of 2m and 3m, the Huang plate of replacement in one week or so is primary；The yellow plate 4 of every plant of extension is opened, per acre with yellow plate
160-200.
C. light trap
Light trap traps device with fixed light and temporarily setting traps the method that device combines.3-11 month,
Sophora bud base, 1 full-automatic spectrum frequency trembler lamps of 10-15 mus of suspensions, at three months bottoms that Chinese scholar tree looper winter generation adult originates
The beginning of April and first generation adult contain the first tenday period of a month in mid or late June to July of hair, are lured using 500 watts of self-rectifying high-pressure sodium lamp
Collection, can trap the adult of state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree geometrid moth.
D. other methods
Hayashishita poultry, is no more than 20 per acre, can effectively delay weed growth and reduce insect density.Chinese scholar tree looper exists
After annual June by the end of May is initially entered the gluttony phase, spinning, which leaves tree body and enters ground, to be pupated, and chicken plane soil can subtract when being looked for food
Few insect density.
(4) biological control: the natural enemy of golden Chinese scholartree insect pest has very much, common are harmonia axyridia, wasp fly and Chrysopa etc. are heterochromatic
Ladybug has good effect to control aphid, locust bean wood louse etc., and wasp fly preys on aphid, and Chrysopa captures the small-sized elder brothers of softwares such as aphid
Worm.
(5) chemical control
When preventing and treating double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pests, Scientific Usage of Drugs is adhered to, select efficient, low toxicity, low-residual, environmentally friendly agriculture
Medicine, part recommend high-efficiency low-toxicity, less-persistent pesticide kind and application points for attention etc. to be shown in Table 7.
7 pairs of Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree pest control medicaments of table use effective concentration and application method
The control efficiency of locust bean wood louse is as shown in table 8.
Table 8, locust bean wood louse control efficiency
The control efficiency of state's scholartree olethreutree is as shown in table 9.
The control efficiency of 9 state's scholartree olethreutree of table
The control efficiency of Chinese scholar tree looper is as shown in table 10.
Table 10, Chinese scholar tree looper control efficiency (%)
Embodiment described above is only to absolutely prove preferred embodiment that is of the invention and being lifted, protection model of the invention
It encloses without being limited thereto.Those skilled in the art's made equivalent substitute or transformation on the basis of the present invention, in the present invention
Protection scope within.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods, which comprises the steps of: variety selection, ecology are anti-
Control, physics and chemistry lure control technology, biological control and chemical control；
The variety selection is that selection adapts to double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree high yields of Chongqing Hills, insect pest kind；
The ecology prevention and control include water and fertilizer management, and plant processing is rebuild and endangered to field weeding；
It includes that Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure traps that the physics and chemistry, which lures control technology, and yellow card's trap, light trap and poultry are looked for food；
The biological control is preyed on using natural enemy；
The chemical control is imidacloprid, the 0.048mL/L that 0.105g/L is used alone for 2 days before locust bean wood louse nymph peak period
Acetamiprid, the pyrethrin of 0.024mL/L or the avermectin of 0.01mL/L be sprayed；Or the imidacloprid of 0.0525g/L
It compounds with the matrine compound of 0.0015mL/L, the imidacloprid of 0.0525g/L with the jervine of 0.004mL/L, 0.0525g/L
Imidacloprid compounds with the pyrethrin of 0.012mL/L, the imidacloprid of 0.0525g/L and 0.005mL/L it is abamectin compounded,
The deinsectization of the matrine compound, the Acetamiprid and 0.012mL/L of 0.024mL/L of the Acetamiprid and 0.0015mL/L of 0.024mL/L
Chrysanthemum element compounding, the Acetamiprid of 0.024mL/L and 0.005mL/L abamectin compounded, 0.024mL/L Acetamiprid with
The jervine compounding of 0.004mL/L is sprayed；
It is multiple with the nimbin of the rotenone of 0.061mL/L, 17777IU/mL Dipel and 0.004mL/L at the beginning of 6 months at the end of May
Match, the matrine compound of the imidacloprid of 0.131g/L, the nimbin of 0.004mL/L and 0.006mL/L, the imidacloprid of 0.131g/L
It compounds and is sprayed with the rotenone of 0.061mL/L；
The first tenday period of a month in May and early August respectively use 1 time, the worm mite indoxacarb of 0.02mL/L, with the nimbin of 0.0036mL/L,
The Dipel of 1000IU/L, the matrine of 0.003mL/L, the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of Mamestra Brassicae of 800,000,000 PIB/L or
The avermectin of 0.0072mL/L is sprayed.
2. a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ecology prevention and control
The specific method is as follows:
A. water and fertilizer management: it is higher than 6 years big trees for growth year, twice, mid-April applies fertilizer 1 time for fertilising in 1 year, every plant of fertilising
Amount are as follows: 0.54-1.2kg urea, 0.9kg calcium superphosphate, 0.54kg potassium chloride；The 2nd fertilising mid-May, dose are as follows:
0.36-0.8kg urea, 0.6kg calcium superphosphate, 0.36kg potassium chloride；1 year raw seedling of current year transplanting, should be according to weather condition
Appropriate watering, imposes compound fertilizer May 2 times, and each dose is 0.5-1kg/ plants, N:P in the compound fertilizer2O5:K2O=22:
10:21 (weight ratio)；
B. field weeding: in 5-8 month weeding 3-4 times, or black thin film is covered in nursery and inhibits green grass growth；
C. rationally trimming: the carry out pruning by the end of January at 12 bottoms to second year；
D.7 the middle ten days and the last ten days moon after the sophora bud harvests, can clear up the plant for having already appeared the harm of state's scholartree olethreutree, cut
The branch of channel takes field out of and burns or put into the swag progress smashing processing for piling lime, reduces state's scholartree olethreutree insect population
Radix.
3. a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the physics and chemistry lures control
Technology is specific as follows:
A. it arrives from late April by the end of September, trapping for state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree looper adult is carried out using Chinese scholar tree Cydia spp. gyplure,
Specifically trapper is suspended among the more vigorous side shoot of shoot and leaf growth, places 5-6 set per acre, 30 days more when fine day is more
A lure is changed, the lure of replacement in 21 days the or so when rainy day is more；
B.4 at the beginning of the moon, in field, suspension yellow traps plate, will trap plate and is hung in the annual of Chinese scholar tree all directions four direction
Among branch, in two height of 2m and 3m, the Huang plate of replacement in one week or so is primary；The yellow plate 4 of every plant of extension is opened, per acre with yellow plate 160-
200；
C.3-11 month, in 1 full-automatic spectrum frequency trembler lamps of the every 10-15 mus of suspension in sophora bud base, at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March and 6
It in the middle ten days and the last ten days to the first tenday period of a month in July moon, carries out trapping state's scholartree olethreutree and Chinese scholar tree geometrid moth using 500 watts of self-rectifying high-pressure sodium lamp
Adult；
D. hayashishita is raised chickens, and is no more than 20 per acre.
4. a kind of double Ji meter Jin Chinese scholartree insect pest green prevention and control methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the prevention and treatment is to apply
Put harmonia axyridia, wasp fly and Chrysopa natural enemy.
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| CN103918486A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 桂林茗兴生物科技有限公司 | Double-cropping sophora japonica cultivation and management method |
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| CN103918486A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 桂林茗兴生物科技有限公司 | Double-cropping sophora japonica cultivation and management method |
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