CN111296194A

CN111296194A - Disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process

Info

Publication number: CN111296194A
Application number: CN202010140055.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙郁晴; 沈海燕; 杨晓虎
Original assignee: HEFEI YANJIUTIAN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: HEFEI YANJIUTIAN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-03-03
Filing date: 2020-03-03
Publication date: 2020-06-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a disease control method based on a strawberry seedling planting process, and relates to the technical field of strawberry seedling planting, wherein the disease control method specifically comprises the following steps: A. seed treatment: B. selecting seedlings: C. soil improvement: D. transplanting seedlings: E. during which the patient is cared for. According to the invention, on one hand, soil is improved, the permeability of the soil is increased, the soil is granulated, the nutrition supply to the roots and stems of strawberry seedlings in the strawberry planting process is improved, the disease and insect resistance and the immunity of the roots and stems are enhanced, the harm of the fungus and insect in the soil to the roots and stems of the seedlings is killed, on the other hand, the insect-proof root-protecting powder is used for preventing the bite of external insects to the roots and stems of the strawberry seedlings and avoiding the damage to the roots and stems of the strawberry seedlings; and the leaf diameter of the strawberry seedlings is sprayed with the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent, so that the cell activity of the strawberry seedlings can be quickly excited, the growth is promoted, the yield and the quality of the strawberries are improved, the sugar content of fruits is increased, and the grown strawberries are thin in pericarp and much in meat crisp juice.

Description

Disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry seedling planting, in particular to a disease control method based on a strawberry seedling planting process.

Background

The strawberry is a perennial herb, 10-40 cm high, with stem lower than leaf or nearly equal, and densely covered with yellow and soft hair. The third leaf has a short handle, the small leaf is thick, is in an inverted egg shape or a rhombus shape, has dark green upper surface and few hairs, is light white green lower surface, is used for dredging and growing hairs, and is dense along the pulse; the petiole density is developed yellow velvety. The original south America, China and Europe are widely cultivated, the strawberry has high nutritive value, contains various nutritive substances and has health care effect.

In recent years, the strawberry planting scale is gradually enlarged, strawberry sections are held in various places to attract visitors to watch and pick up, the strawberry market is very busy, but with people being aware of the problem of harmfulness caused by a large amount of pesticides and hormone residues, the strawberry market is influenced by reports about pesticide application by applying hormones to strawberries, the strawberries are sold more than before, actually, the strawberries are easy to be ill, the pesticides are inevitably used, and some farmers use the hormones to promote the growth of the strawberries in order to enable the strawberries to occupy the market early, which are all disadvantages of the existing strawberry planting.

Chinese patent discloses a disease control method in strawberry planting process (No. CN107750855A), which achieves the effects of prevention and treatment by pertinently improving and improving the method at certain stages in the strawberry planting process, but the aiming mode is too simple and crude, the disease and insect prevention of strawberry seedlings is not strict enough and cannot be comprehensively aimed, the disease control method in the strawberry seedling planting process of the existing market is not perfect enough, the disease and insect prevention can not be comprehensively prevented from the aspects of medicament treatment and the like of leaves, roots and stems, soil and the maintenance period of the strawberry seedlings, the disease incidence of the strawberry seedlings can not be reduced, and the disease and insect resistance of the strawberry seedlings can not be improved. Therefore, the technical personnel in the field provide a disease control method based on the strawberry seedling planting process, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a disease control method based on a strawberry seedling planting process, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a disease control method based on a strawberry seedling planting process specifically comprises the following steps:

A. seed treatment: soaking excellent strawberry seeds in a treatment solution prepared by mixing methoxycinnamaldehyde, gibberellin, cytokinin, allicin and water in a ratio for 3-7 h, naturally drying the soaked excellent strawberry seeds in the air, and then planting the treated excellent strawberry seeds on a seedling bed with a matrix, wherein the seedling bed is arranged in a greenhouse;

B. selecting seedlings: selecting high-quality seedlings which are pure in variety, healthy in growth and free of diseases and insect pests in a seedling bed, wherein the number of leaves of the seedlings is 4-6, the thickness of roots of the seedlings is 1-1.5 cm, the roots are strong, and the leaf color is healthy;

C. soil improvement: before seedling transplantation, 2-4 plowing is carried out on the soil, the plowing depth is 25-40 cm, the plowing interval time of each time is 2-3 days, a soil conditioner is sprayed on the soil after each plowing, after the soil conditioner is sprayed in the last plowing, the soil is fertilized, after plowing and fertilizing, ridge soil is carried out on the soil, and multiple rows are formed;

D. transplanting seedlings: transplanting the excellent seedlings selected in the step B together with the seedling culture substrate into the ploughed soil, paying attention to prevent the leaves from being damaged in the transplanting process, spraying a certain amount of water on the rootstock parts of the seedlings after the transplanting is finished, scattering some organic fertilizers on the rootstock parts, and uniformly spreading a certain amount of insect-proof root-protecting powder on the rootstock parts;

E. nursing in the period: after the strawberry seedlings are transplanted, the disease and insect resistant nutritional agents need to be regularly sprayed on the strawberry seedlings, and the specific spraying flow is as follows:

in the seedling stage, spraying the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent to the strawberry seedlings once every 10-15 days, wherein the dosage of each time is 30-60 mL/mu;

in the growth period, spraying the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent once every 5-8 days, wherein the dosage of each time is 80-100 mL/mu;

in the flowering period, spraying the disease and insect resistant nutrient once every 3-6 days, wherein the dose is 70-85 mL/mu each time;

in the green fruit stage, spraying the disease and insect resistant nutrient once every 2-4 days, wherein the dose is 60-70 mL/mu each time;

in the mature period, the disease and insect resistant nutrient is sprayed to the strawberry seedlings every 2-3 days, and the dose is 30-50 mL/mu each time.

As a further scheme of the invention: the methoxy cinnamaldehyde, the gibberellin, the cytokinin, the allicin and the water in the A comprise the following components in parts by weight: 12-20 parts of methoxycinnamaldehyde, 15-25 parts of gibberellin, 20-30 parts of cytokinin, 5-10 parts of allicin and the balance of water.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the matrix of the seedling raising bed in the step A is divided into the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of sandy soil, 10-20% of sawdust, 0.5-1.5% of trichoderma fungicide, 10-15% of rice straw scraps, 5-10% of fermented fertilizer and 2-6% of wormcast.

As a still further scheme of the invention: and C, arranging ridge soil in rows, wherein the row spacing is 40cm, the ridge soil height is 25-30 cm, the upper part width is 30-40 cm, and the lower part width is 50-60 cm.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the soil conditioner in the C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-25 parts of sewage sludge, 12-20 parts of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, 10-18 parts of rice washing water, 10-18 parts of biological bacteria, 6-10 parts of pine needles, 5-8 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruits, 4-9 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of chlorpyrifos and the balance of water.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

s1, airing and air-drying a certain amount of sewage sludge, traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, pine needles and saponin, and grinding into powder by using a grinder after air-drying;

s2, adding the ground powder into a stirrer, adding a certain amount of water into the stirrer, sequentially adding a certain amount of rice washing water, plant ash, biological bacteria and chlorpyrifos into the stirrer, uniformly stirring for 30min at the rotation speed of 2500-3000 r/min and the temperature of 60-90 ℃, and uniformly mixing to obtain the liquid soil conditioner.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the biological bacteria comprise: 50% of bacillus, 20% of zinc sulfate, 20% of calcium and 10% of magnesium sulfate, wherein the number of bacillus is 2 hundred million/g.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the insect-proof root-protecting powder in the D is powder formed by sun-drying, grinding and mixing camphor tree bark, pyrethrum, ginkgo nut shells and pine needles.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the disease and insect resistant nutrient in E comprises: 8-12 parts of motherwort, 5-10 parts of platycladus orientalis, 2-5 parts of purple perilla and 15-35 parts of deionized water;

the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing motherwort, platycladus orientalis and perilla, and performing reflux extraction at the temperature of 45-65 ℃ by using a certain amount of deionized water for 3-5 hours to obtain the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the disease control method based on the strawberry seedling planting process is designed in the invention, and is used in practical use;

when the seedlings are cultured, the environment-friendly matrix is adopted, so that the culture speed and the culture quality of the seedlings can be improved, and the cultured seedlings are strong in rootstocks and healthy in leaf color;

during transplanting, the soil is modified by using the environment-friendly soil conditioner, so that the soil structure can be improved, the permeability of the soil is increased, the soil is granulated, the plate formation phenomenon cannot occur, the nutrition supply to the roots and the stems of the strawberry seedlings in the strawberry planting process can be improved, the disease and insect resistance of the roots and the stems can also be improved, the harm of the bacteria and insects in the soil to the roots and the stems of the seedlings is killed, the immunity function of the roots and the stems of the strawberry seedlings is enhanced, the roots and the stems of the strawberry seedlings have strong disease and insect resistance, are non-toxic and pollution-free, and after transplanting, the roots and the stems of the strawberry seedlings can be prevented from being bitten by external pests by scattering the insect-preventing root-protecting powder at the roots and the stems of the strawberry;

furthermore, the disease and insect resistant nutrient is applied to spray the leaf diameter of the strawberry seedlings during the maintenance period, so that the strawberry seedlings can be quickly absorbed by the strawberry seedlings, the environment cannot be polluted, the components of the disease and insect resistant nutrient cannot be remained on the mature strawberries, the human health cannot be influenced, the cell activity of the strawberry seedlings can be quickly excited, the growth is promoted, the yield and the quality of the strawberries are improved, the sugar content of fruits is increased, and the fruit peels of the grown strawberries are thin and have more crisp meat juice.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of experimental comparison results in a disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, in the embodiment of the present invention,

example 1

A disease control method based on a strawberry seedling planting process specifically comprises the following steps:

Further, the methoxy cinnamaldehyde, the gibberellin, the cytokinin, the allicin and the water in the A comprise the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of methoxycinnamaldehyde, 15 parts of gibberellin, 20 parts of cytokinin, 5 parts of allicin and the balance of water.

Further, the matrix of the seedling bed in the step A is divided into the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of sandy soil, 10% of sawdust, 0.5% of trichoderma fungicide, 10% of rice straw scraps, 5% of fermented fertilizer and 2% of wormcast.

Furthermore, the ridge soil in the ridge C is in rows, the row spacing is 40cm, the ridge soil height is 25-30 cm, the upper part width is 30-40 cm, and the lower part width is 50-60 cm.

Further, the soil conditioner in the step C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of sewage sludge, 12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, 10 parts of rice washing water, 10 parts of biological bacteria, 6 parts of pine needles, 5 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruits, 4 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of chlorpyrifos and the balance of water.

The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

Wherein the biological bacteria comprise: 50% of bacillus, 20% of zinc sulfate, 20% of calcium and 10% of magnesium sulfate, wherein the number of bacillus is 2 hundred million/g.

Further, the insect-proof root-protecting powder in D is a powder prepared by sun-drying, grinding and mixing camphor tree bark, pyrethrum, ginkgo nut shells and pine needles.

Still further, the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent in E comprises: 8 parts of motherwort, 5 parts of platycladus orientalis, 2 parts of purple perilla and 15 parts of deionized water;

the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing motherwort, platycladus orientalis and perilla, and performing reflux extraction at the temperature of 45-65 ℃ by using a certain amount of deionized water for 3 hours to obtain the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent.

Example 2

Further, the methoxy cinnamaldehyde, the gibberellin, the cytokinin, the allicin and the water in the A comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of methoxycinnamaldehyde, 25 parts of gibberellin, 30 parts of cytokinin, 10 parts of allicin and the balance of water.

Further, the matrix of the seedling bed in the step A is divided into the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of sandy soil, 20% of sawdust, 1.5% of trichoderma fungicide, 15% of rice straw scraps, 10% of fermented fertilizer and 6% of wormcast.

Further, the soil conditioner in the step C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sewage sludge, 20 parts of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, 18 parts of rice washing water, 18 parts of biological bacteria, 10 parts of pine needles, 8 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruits, 9 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of chlorpyrifos and the balance of water.

The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

Still further, the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent in E comprises: 12 parts of motherwort, 10 parts of platycladus orientalis, 5 parts of purple perilla and 35 parts of deionized water;

the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing motherwort, platycladus orientalis and perilla, and performing reflux extraction at the temperature of 45-65 ℃ by using a certain amount of deionized water for 5 hours to obtain the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent.

Example 3

Further, the methoxy cinnamaldehyde, the gibberellin, the cytokinin, the allicin and the water in the A comprise the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of methoxycinnamaldehyde, 20 parts of gibberellin, 25 parts of cytokinin, 8 parts of allicin and the balance of water.

Further, the matrix of the seedling bed in the step A is divided into the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of sandy soil, 15% of sawdust, 1% of trichoderma fungicide, 12% of rice grass scraps, 7% of fermented fertilizer and 5% of wormcast.

Further, the soil conditioner in the step C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 21 parts of sewage sludge, 16 parts of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, 15 parts of rice washing water, 14 parts of biological bacteria, 8 parts of pine needles, 6 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruits, 5 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of chlorpyrifos and the balance of water.

The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

Still further, the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent in E comprises: 10 parts of motherwort, 8 parts of platycladus orientalis, 3 parts of purple perilla and 25 parts of deionized water;

the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing motherwort, platycladus orientalis and perilla, and performing reflux extraction at the temperature of 45-65 ℃ by using a certain amount of deionized water for 4 hours to obtain the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent.

Comparative example 1

The disease control method in the strawberry seedling planting process in the existing market is applied.

The experimental conditions are as follows:

selecting four groups of identical and excellent strawberry seeds, and respectively carrying out seedling raising and planting on the four groups of strawberry seeds by the disease methods applied in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1;

the conditions are consistent with the environment in the planting greenhouse, and the disease and insect incidence, the disease and insect resistance, the growth health and the quality of the mature strawberries of the four groups of strawberry seeds during the planting period are observed;

and thirdly, comparing the quality of the four groups of strawberry plants in the planting process with the quality of the strawberry plants after the strawberry plants are ripe, wherein the comparison result is shown in figure 2.

In conclusion, the disease prevention method for strawberry seedling planting in the invention comprises the steps of elaborately cultivating seedlings in the early stage, accelerating the growth of the seedlings by adopting an environment-friendly matrix seedling bed, improving soil during transplanting, improving the nutrition supply to the roots and stems of strawberry seedlings in the strawberry planting process, improving the disease and insect resistance of the roots and stems, killing the harm of bacteria and insects in the soil to the roots and stems of the seedlings, and improving the quality of the strawberries, regularly spraying the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent to the leaf diameters of the seedlings in the curing process, rapidly exciting the cell activity of the strawberries, promoting the growth, improving the yield and the quality of the strawberries, increasing the sugar content of the strawberries, enabling the mature strawberries to have thin peels and more crisp juice, compared with the existing disease prevention method, the disease prevention method of the invention not only reduces the morbidity of the strawberry seedlings, but also improves the disease resistance of the strawberry seedlings, and simultaneously, the yield and the quality of the strawberries are further improved.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A disease control method based on a strawberry seedling planting process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the methoxy cinnamaldehyde, gibberellin, cytokinin, allicin, water in A comprise by weight: 12-20 parts of methoxycinnamaldehyde, 15-25 parts of gibberellin, 20-30 parts of cytokinin, 5-10 parts of allicin and the balance of water.

3. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process according to claim 1, wherein the matrix of the seedling bed in the seedling bed A comprises the following components by mass percent: 30-50% of sandy soil, 10-20% of sawdust, 0.5-1.5% of trichoderma fungicide, 10-15% of rice straw scraps, 5-10% of fermented fertilizer and 2-6% of wormcast.

4. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting, according to claim 1, is characterized in that ridge soil in the C middle is arranged in rows, the row distance is 40cm, the ridge soil height is 25-30 cm, the upper part width is 30-40 cm, and the lower part width is 50-60 cm.

5. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process according to claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner in C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-25 parts of sewage sludge, 12-20 parts of traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, 10-18 parts of rice washing water, 10-18 parts of biological bacteria, 6-10 parts of pine needles, 5-8 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruits, 4-9 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of chlorpyrifos and the balance of water.

6. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

7. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting process according to claim 5, wherein the biological bacteria comprise: 50% of bacillus, 20% of zinc sulfate, 20% of calcium and 10% of magnesium sulfate, wherein the number of bacillus is 2 hundred million/g.

8. The disease control method based on strawberry seedling planting, according to claim 1, wherein the insect-proof root-protecting powder in D is a powder obtained by sun-drying, grinding and mixing camphor tree bark, pyrethrum, ginkgo biloba shells and pine needles.

9. The method for controlling diseases during strawberry seedling planting according to claim 1, wherein the disease and insect resistant nutritional agent in E comprises: 8-12 parts of motherwort, 5-10 parts of platycladus orientalis, 2-5 parts of purple perilla and 15-35 parts of deionized water;