CN109680493A - 一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其抗菌工艺 - Google Patents

一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其抗菌工艺 Download PDF

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CN109680493A
CN109680493A CN201811534130.8A CN201811534130A CN109680493A CN 109680493 A CN109680493 A CN 109680493A CN 201811534130 A CN201811534130 A CN 201811534130A CN 109680493 A CN109680493 A CN 109680493A
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nonwoven cloth
prick nonwoven
bacterial water
fiber
water prick
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刘宏刚
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Hangzhou Nelson Fine Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明保护一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其抗菌工艺，特别地，本发明提供的新型无纺布的耐撕扯性能接近纯棉布、抗菌效果较强，吸水倍数达86‑102倍，可以抑制细菌、真菌生长，测定未洗涤前耐磨次数为15973次，洗涤20次后，耐磨次数可以达到9867次，但清洁效果略有下降，新型无纺布纤维细腻、不掉毛、耐磨损，适用于电脑、键盘、传真机、电话机、复印机、打印机、彩电、冰箱等各种电器、电子设备产品以及浴缸、水龙头、厨具、桌椅、门窗、壁纸等多种生活用品的去渍除尘，并赋予被擦拭物物品表面抑菌、抗菌性能。

Description

一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其抗菌工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及织物领域，特别地涉及一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其抗菌工艺。
背景技术
无纺布(Non Woven Fabric,Nonwoven cloth)，又称不织布，是通过一定技术生产出的由定向的或随机的纤维而构成的新一代环保材料，因具有布的外观和性能而称其为布。
由于无纺布制品色彩丰富、鲜艳明快、时尚环保、用途广泛、美观大方，图案和款式都多样，且质轻、环保、可循环再用，被国际公认为保护地球生态的环保产品；已广泛应用于农用薄膜、制鞋、制革、床垫、子母被、装饰、化工、印刷、汽车、建材，家具等行业。
水刺无纺布是将高压微细水流喷射到一层或多层纤维网上，使纤维相互缠结在一起形成加固并具备一定形状的织物，这种织物也被成为水刺无纺布，目前，市售水刺无纺布存在下述缺点：强度和耐久性较差；纤维按一定方向排列，容易从直角方向裂开，为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种具有清洁吸附用途的新型无纺布。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其抗菌工艺。
本发明是以如下技术方案实现的：
一种抗菌水刺无纺布，所述新型无纺布的主要组成成分包括：天然骨架纤维、合成纤维、合成助剂，优选地，所述天然骨架纤维包括苎麻落麻纤维和木棉纤维。
进一步地，所述新型无纺布的主要组成成分按质量百分比为80％苎麻落麻纤维、20％木棉纤维、3％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、3％聚丙纶、2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝。
进一步地，所述抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌整理方法如下：将准备好的80％苎麻落麻纤维、20％木棉纤维浸泡于软化剂中；步骤二、梳理工序采用两梳一铺生产线输出的纤网叠加成为双层纤网后送至水刺机，步骤三、由步骤二获得的双层纤网经过预湿后进行正反水刺，水刺液中溶解有2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝获得预处理纤网，步骤四、将预处理纤网送入水刺机，水刺溶液采用新型抗菌整理液获得粗处理纤网，步骤五、对步骤四获得的粗处理纤网经进行功能射流缠结，具体地，将预处理纤网送入水刺机，水刺溶液采用功能整理液。
进一步地，所述新型抗菌整理液的制备方法如下：将摩尔量为0.2的3-(3’-丙烯酸丙酯)-5,5-二甲基海因与等摩尔量的三甲胺加入至100mL四氢呋喃中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，获得第一混合溶液；冷却至4℃后，逐滴加入摩尔量为0.1的丙烯酰氯，搅拌后将混合溶液放置于室温下一天获得第二混合溶液，将所述第二溶液以6.58％的浓度溶于丙酮溶液获得所述新型抗菌整理液。
进一步地，所述功能整理液的制备方法如下：将三聚氰胺、丙三醇、水以5:20:100的比例制备获得，具体地，按照比例，将三聚氰胺粉末溶于丙三醇，将混合物搅拌至充分溶解后，静置2h，之后向混合物中加入一定比例的水，搅拌至充分混合即获得所述功能整理液。
优选地，所述抗菌水刺无纺布抗金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、青霉菌。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明提供的新型无纺布的耐撕扯性能接近纯棉布、抗菌效果较强，吸水倍数达86-102倍，可以抑制细菌、真菌生长，测定未洗涤前耐磨次数为15973次，洗涤20次后，耐磨次数可以达到9867次，但清洁效果略有下降，新型无纺布纤维细腻、不掉毛、耐磨损，适用于电脑、键盘、传真机、电话机、复印机、打印机、彩电、冰箱等各种电器、电子设备产品以及浴缸、水龙头、厨具、桌椅、门窗、壁纸等多种生活用品的去渍除尘，并赋予被擦拭物物品表面抑菌、抗菌性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明作进一步地详细描述。下述实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所使用的设备、原料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均为可从常规商业途径购买得到的设备、原料、试剂。
实施例1：
制备新型抗菌整理液：将摩尔量为0.2的3-(3’-丙烯酸丙酯)-5,5-二甲基海因与等摩尔量的三甲胺加入至100mL四氢呋喃中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，获得第一混合溶液；冷却至4℃后，逐滴加入摩尔量为0.1的丙烯酰氯，搅拌后将混合溶液放置于室温下一天获得第二混合溶液，将所述第二溶液以6.58％的浓度溶于丙酮溶液获得所述新型抗菌整理液。
制备功能整理液：将三聚氰胺、丙三醇、水以5:20:100的比例制备获得，具体地，按照比例，将三聚氰胺粉末溶于丙三醇，将混合物搅拌至充分溶解后，静置2h，之后向混合物中加入一定比例的水，搅拌至充分混合即获得所述功能整理液。
实施例2：
所述新型无纺布的主要组成成分包括：天然骨架纤维、合成纤维、合成助剂。所述天然骨架纤维主要选自下述纤维：苎麻落麻纤维、剑麻落麻纤维、木棉纤维；所述合成纤维主要选自聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、聚丙纶；所述合成助剂选自海藻酸钙、氧化铝。
所述苎麻落麻纤维为苎麻纤维在长麻纺梳理过程中产生的落麻，具体地包括苎麻纺纱新工艺精梳机和老工艺两道圆梳机在纺织过程中梳理下的落麻，苎麻落麻纤维长度约为25-35mm，细度为3.8dtex；所述剑麻落麻纤维为剑麻纤维在纺织梳理过程中产生的落麻，剑麻落麻纤维长度约为18-22mm，细度为3.5dtex，测试组组成成分如下：
组分1：所述成分按质量百分比具体地包括：66％苎麻落麻纤维、10％剑麻落麻纤维、10％木棉纤维、7％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、3％聚丙纶、2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝。组分2：所述成分按质量百分比具体地包括：50％苎麻落麻纤维、20％剑麻落麻纤维、13％木棉纤维、10％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、3％聚丙纶、2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝。组分3：所述成分按质量百分比具体地包括：45％苎麻落麻纤维、25％剑麻落麻纤维、10％木棉纤维、10％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、5％聚丙纶、5％氧化铝。组分4：所述成分按质量百分比具体地包括：80％苎麻落麻纤维、20％木棉纤维、3％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、3％聚丙纶、2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝。组分5：所述成分按质量百分比具体地包括：30％木棉纤维、20％粘纤、20％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、20％聚丙纶、5％海藻酸钙、5％氧化铝。
实施例3：
步骤一、制备纤维层
参照实施例1所述无纺布的原料配方称量好组分1、组分2、组分3、组分4、组分5各组分原料。将准备好的纤维原料(包括天然骨架纤维和/或合成纤维)浸泡于实施例2所述软化剂(市售)中，室温下放置24h，之后分别进行开松、除杂，使纤维包中压紧的纤维块被机械打击、撕扯松解成短纤维束，将已开松的纤维喂入纤维仓，使不同性能的纤维充分混合后，将混合后的纤维制成均匀的纤网，进入梳理工序。
步骤二、梳理工序采用两梳一铺生产线，由一台梳理机输出的纤网首先喂给交叉铺网机进行铺网，紧接着由牵引机对铺叠后的纤网进行牵伸，再与另一台梳理机输出的纤网叠加成为双层纤网后送至水刺机。
步骤三、由步骤二获得的双层纤网经过预湿后进行正反水刺，制备不同组分水刺无纺布过程中，水刺液不同，水刺液中分别对应的溶解有组分1、组分2、组分3、组分4、组分5中的合成助剂，预湿水压为1bar，组分1、组分2、组分3、组分4、组分5的水刺压力分别为45bar、35bar、72bar、60bar、95bar，控制喷射的时间为0.5-0.8min，生产线速度为31.2米/分，之后100℃烘干获得预处理纤网。
步骤四、对步骤三获得的预处理纤网进行抗菌溶剂射流缠结(原材料为组分3的预处理纤网除外)。具体地，将预处理纤网送入水刺机，水刺溶液采用新型抗菌整理液，预湿水压为0.5bar，水刺压力为25bar，控制喷射的时间为5-10min，生产线速度为10米/分，之后120℃烘干获得粗处理纤网。
步骤五、对步骤四获得的粗处理纤网经进行功能射流缠结(原材料为组分3的预处理纤网除外)。具体地，将预处理纤网送入水刺机，水刺溶液采用功能整理液，预湿水压为0.2bar，水刺压力为30bar，控制喷射的时间为1-2min，生产线速度为4.3米/分，之后120℃烘干获得最终产品水刺无纺布，厚度为1.05mm，烘干至含水量为25％以下。
实施例4：
采用美国AATCC100-1996标准，抑菌率计算按照下述公式：抑菌率＝(空白对照活菌数-水刺无纺布活菌数)/空白对照样活菌数，其中空白对照选用纯棉布，经计算得到本发明的无纺材料的抑菌效果如表1所示，测试菌种选取金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、青霉菌。
表1.抑菌效果检测
由表1可知，组分2的抗菌效果最佳，对细菌、霉菌均有抗菌作用，这可能是基于苎麻材料、剑麻材料经过整理后产生了较强的抗菌作用，叠加新型抗菌整理液的抗菌效果，使面料的具备极强的同时抗细菌、抗真菌效果；未经过新型抗菌整理液处理的组分3具备较弱的抗细菌效果，而且组分3不具备清洁吸附效果，并且基本没有抗真菌效果；不含有苎麻材料、剑麻材料的组分5，抗真菌效果显著低于含有上述成分的组分。
按FZ/T 60005-91规定进行检测纵向断裂强度、横向断裂强度、纵向断裂伸长率、横向断裂伸长率，结果如表2所示。
表2、性能检测
菌种 组分1 组分2 组分3 组分4 组分5 空白对照
纵向断裂强度 ≥207N ≥216N ≥202N ≥267N ≥112N ≥295N
横向断裂强度 ≥287N ≥263N ≥255N ≥387N ≥97N ≥428N
纵向断裂伸长率 ≥28％ ≥38％ ≥25％ ≥16％ ≥23N ≥45％
横向断裂伸长率 ≥35％ ≥32％ ≥29％ ≥21％ ≥26N ≥37％
由表2结果可知，组分4的水刺无纺布的纵向断裂强度≥267N，横向断裂强度≥387N，纵向断裂伸长率≥16％，横向断裂伸长率≥21％，组分4的新型无纺布耐撕扯性能接近纯棉布；综合表1、表2结果，组分4的水刺无纺布性能最优、抗菌效果较强。本发明组分4的水刺无纺布吸水倍数达86-102倍，可以抑制细菌、真菌生长，测定未洗涤前耐磨次数为15973次，洗涤20次后，耐磨次数可以达到9867次，但清洁效果略有下降。
所述新型无纺布纤维细腻、不掉毛、耐磨损，适用于电脑、键盘、传真机、电话机、复印机、打印机、彩电、冰箱等各种电器、电子设备产品以及浴缸、水龙头、厨具、桌椅、门窗、壁纸等多种生活用品的去渍除尘，并赋予被擦拭物物品表面抑菌、抗菌性能。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述新型无纺布的主要组成成分包括：天然骨架纤维、合成纤维、合成助剂，优选地，所述天然骨架纤维包括苎麻落麻纤维和木棉纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述新型无纺布的主要组成成分按质量百分比为80％苎麻落麻纤维、20％木棉纤维、3％聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯、3％聚丙纶、2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝。
3.根据权利要求1所述抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌整理方法如下：将准备好的80％苎麻落麻纤维、20％木棉纤维浸泡于软化剂中；步骤二、梳理工序采用两梳一铺生产线输出的纤网叠加成为双层纤网后送至水刺机，步骤三、由步骤二获得的双层纤网经过预湿后进行正反水刺，水刺液中溶解有2％海藻酸钙、2％氧化铝获得预处理纤网，步骤四、将预处理纤网送入水刺机，水刺溶液采用新型抗菌整理液获得粗处理纤网，步骤五、对步骤四获得的粗处理纤网经进行功能射流缠结，具体地，将预处理纤网送入水刺机，水刺溶液采用功能整理液。
4.根据权利要求1所述抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述新型抗菌整理液的制备方法如下：将摩尔量为0.2的3-(3’-丙烯酸丙酯)-5,5-二甲基海因与等摩尔量的三甲胺加入至100mL四氢呋喃中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，获得第一混合溶液；冷却至4℃后，逐滴加入摩尔量为0.1的丙烯酰氯，搅拌后将混合溶液放置于室温下一天获得第二混合溶液，将所述第二溶液以6.58％的浓度溶于丙酮溶液获得所述新型抗菌整理液。
5.根据权利要求1所述抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述功能整理液的制备方法如下：将三聚氰胺、丙三醇、水以5:20:100的比例制备获得，具体地，按照比例，将三聚氰胺粉末溶于丙三醇，将混合物搅拌至充分溶解后，静置2h，之后向混合物中加入一定比例的水，搅拌至充分混合即获得所述功能整理液。
6.根据权利要求1所述抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述抗菌水刺无纺布抗金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、青霉菌。
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