CN109673463B - Method for long-distance transportation of trees - Google Patents
Method for long-distance transportation of trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN109673463B CN109673463B CN201910001558.4A CN201910001558A CN109673463B CN 109673463 B CN109673463 B CN 109673463B CN 201910001558 A CN201910001558 A CN 201910001558A CN 109673463 B CN109673463 B CN 109673463B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for long-distance transportation of trees, which adopts container transportation with a temperature and humidity adjusting device, uniformly coats bryophytes on the surfaces of soil balls and trunks of the trees, creates an environmental condition suitable for the growth of the bryophytes, reduces the water evaporation of roots and the trunks, keeps the water balance of overground parts and underground parts, can transport the trees for a long distance for more than 30 days, ensures the survival rate of transplanted trees to be more than 95 percent, can reduce engineering cost, and realizes the purpose of quickly improving urban greening and ecological benefits. According to the method for long-distance transportation of the trees, the trees can be transported for a long distance at the temperature of 10-15 ℃ by treating the trees and controlling the environmental conditions in the container, so that low-temperature damage is avoided, the energy consumption is low, and the method is more environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for long-distance transportation of trees.
Background
With the rapid development of city construction and tourism and the continuous improvement of landscape environment requirements of modern cities, big trees are increasingly applied to various greening projects. Through the big tree transplantation, the natural appearance of an area can be changed in a short time, the landscape effect is improved, and the aims of quickly improving the urban greening and ecological benefits are fulfilled. But the transportation requirement of big trees is higher, and the degree of difficulty is great, and the afraid of high temperature and strong wind are the most in the transportation. In the existing tree transportation process, most of the trees are transported by using a common transportation vehicle, and the trees are covered with a sunshade net, so that when the trees are transported for a long time, under the irradiation of sunlight, the trees lose moisture and the moisture of the overground part and the underground part is unbalanced, and the survival rate of tree transplantation is low. The method is one of the problems of hindering the development of the green plant industry at present and influencing the greening construction effect, and particularly influences the transplanting of some precious tree species. Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a method for long distance transportation of trees that improves the survival rate of the trees.
CN107155806A discloses a preservation method in the process of large-scale nursery stock transportation, which comprises the following steps: pruning the overground part and the underground part of the nursery stock to be transplanted; spraying carbendazim solution diluted by 150 times to the roots; spraying a film-type antitranspirant diluted by 100-150 times to the branches and leaves of the seedlings; and kraft paper is used for wrapping the water-absorbing water-retaining agent polyacrylamide on the root of the plant. The invention has the following advantages: the invasion of pathogenic bacteria is effectively avoided; inhibiting plant transpiration and reducing the evaporation of water in the nursery stock; the freshness of the nursery stock is prolonged; improving the anti-wilting ability; the survival rate is improved. The chemical reagent is used for inhibiting plant transpiration and reducing water evaporation of the nursery stock, and although a good effect can be obtained in the short-distance transportation process, the chemical reagent is not suitable for long-distance transportation of trees.
CN101904332A provides a long-distance transportation method for bare-root nursery stocks, which comprises the following steps: 1) spraying a bactericide A on the upper part of the roots of the bare-root nursery stocks; 2) then dipping the tree root in the water-retaining agent and the bactericide B; 3) filling the treated bare-root nursery stocks into a constant-temperature container, wrapping the front part, the upper part, the rear part and the bottom of the container body by plastic cloth in the container, and sealing the container; the temperature in the constant-temperature container is kept at 2-5 ℃. In the invention, the bare-root nursery stocks are transported by using the constant-temperature container, and the water loss of the root systems of the nursery stocks is reduced in the long-distance transportation process by using the water-retaining agent, sterilization and the like, so that the roots are protected from bacterial infection, the transportation time is prolonged to more than 80 days, and the survival rate of the bare-root nursery stocks in long-distance transportation is improved. However, the method needs to keep the temperature in the container at a low level in the transportation process, and is not suitable for the transportation of all kinds of seedlings, for example, the rohdea japonica can cause freeze injury in the environment of less than 10 ℃ for a long time, the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings is seriously affected, and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for long-distance transportation of trees, which aims to solve the problems that moisture of the overground part and the underground part is unbalanced due to the fact that the trees lose moisture in the long-distance transportation process, and the survival rate of tree transplantation is low.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for long-distance transportation of trees is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) trimming branches and leaves of trees and putting the trimmed branches and leaves into a container;
2) uniformly wrapping root soil balls and trunks with bryophytes;
3) in the transportation process, the temperature in the container is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, the air humidity is more than 35 percent, and the root soil ball humidity is 30-35 percent through a temperature and humidity adjusting device.
Further, when the tree is in a dormant period, the pruning area of the branches and leaves accounts for 30-40% of the total area of the branches and leaves; when the tree is in the growing period, the pruning area of the branches and the leaves accounts for 50 to 60 percent of the total area of the branches and the leaves.
Further, before the trees are placed in the container, the unfolded branches need to be folded towards the trunk direction and tied tightly.
Further, when trees are placed in the container, the tree mud heads are placed on one side close to the automobile cab, and the trees need to be fixed by bedding after the tree mud heads are placed.
Furthermore, a protective device is required to be arranged at the contact part of the trunk, the container body and other trunks, so that the trunk is prevented from being abraded and the tree shape is prevented from being damaged in the transportation process; further, the protective device is selected from the group consisting of gunny sack, non-woven fabric, straw, and sandbag.
Furthermore, after the trees are placed in the container, a stable supporting device is required to be arranged to support the tree body stably.
Furthermore, when the trees of transportation are molding arbor, need install the protection support frame in the container in advance.
Furthermore, the container is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; furthermore, the air inlet is arranged at one end close to the automobile cab, and the air outlet is arranged at one end of the tail of the automobile; further, fans are installed at the inlet and the outlet and the air outlet.
Further, be provided with the light filling lamp in the container, furtherly, the light source of light filling lamp is the scattered light source, and the light intensity is less than the optical compensation point of transportation trees, and further, the light intensity is 500 ~ 800lux, and light wavelength is 425 ~ 475 nm.
Furthermore, a water supply device is arranged in the container and is used for supplying water to the bryophytes; furthermore, the water provided for the bryophyte contains urea, the absorption and utilization rate of the urea sprayed on the leaf part is high, and further, the concentration of the urea is 0.5-0.8%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for long-distance transportation of the trees adopts container transportation with a temperature and humidity adjusting device, reduces the evaporation of water at roots and trunks and keeps the water balance between overground parts and underground parts by uniformly wrapping the bryophytes on the surfaces of soil balls and the trunks of the trees and creating an environmental condition suitable for the growth of the bryophytes, can transport the trees for a long distance for more than 30 days, ensures that the survival rate of transplanted trees is more than 95 percent, can reduce engineering cost and realizes the purpose of quickly improving urban greening and ecological benefits.
According to the method for long-distance transportation of the trees, the trees can be transported for a long distance at the temperature of 10-15 ℃ by treating the trees and controlling the environmental conditions in the container, so that low-temperature damage is avoided, the energy consumption is low, and the method is more environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Method for transporting podocarpus macrophyllus over medium and long distances
Pruning branches and leaves of the podocarpus macrophyllus in a growing period, wherein the area of the pruned branches and leaves accounts for 50% -60% of the area of the total branches and leaves, and drawing and binding the unfolded branches towards the trunk direction by using a string. The treated trees are placed in a container, the mud heads of the trees need to be placed close to a cab of a vehicle, one or more persons can place the trees on the vehicle and adjust the position of a soil ball according to the size of the trees, and the mud heads need to be fixed by a wooden stick, red bricks and other hard objects. The contact part of the trunk, the container body and other trunks is padded with soft objects with certain thickness, such as gunny bags, non-woven fabrics, straws or sand bags, so that the trunks are prevented from being worn and damaged in the transportation process. After the trees are placed, the support is arranged to support the tree body stably, and the crown shakes to cause loose lumps when the tree is driven by a vehicle. The surfaces of the soil balls and the trunk are uniformly wrapped with bryophytes, so that the humidity of the soil balls and the trunk is ensured, and the root rot is prevented. The container is provided with air intake and air outlet at both ends, and the air intake sets up in being close to auttombilism room one end, and the air outlet sets up in rear of a vehicle one end, imports and exports and the air outlet installs the fan. Be provided with the light filling lamp in the container, provide the required light of bryophyte sound field, the light filling lamp sets up in root soil ball and trunk top, and the light source of light filling lamp is the scattered light source, and the light wavelength that the light source sent is 450nm, and the light intensity is 600 lux. The container is internally provided with a water supply device which is used for providing water for the bryophytes, the water provided for the bryophytes contains urea, and the concentration of the urea is 0.5 percent. A temperature and humidity adjusting device is arranged in the container, and in the whole transportation process, the temperature in the container is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, the air humidity is more than 35%, and the root soil ball humidity is 30% -35%.
The whole transportation process is 65 days, and the transplanting survival rate is 99 percent.
Example 2
Method for long-distance transportation of piled-scene ficus microcarpa
Pruning branches and leaves of the ficus microcarpa in the growing period, wherein the area of the pruned branches and leaves accounts for 50% -60% of the area of the total branches and leaves, and drawing and tightly binding the unfolded branches towards the trunk direction by using a string. A protection support frame is arranged in a container, treated trees are placed in the container, the mud heads of the trees need to be placed close to a cab of a vehicle, one or more persons can place the trees on the vehicle and adjust the position of a soil ball according to the size of the trees, and the mud heads need to be fixed by a wooden stick, red bricks and other hard objects at the bottom of the vehicle. The contact part of the trunk, the container body and other trunks is padded with soft objects with certain thickness, such as gunny bags, non-woven fabrics, straws or sand bags, so that the trunks are prevented from being worn and damaged in the transportation process. After the trees are placed, the support is arranged to support the tree body stably, and the crown shakes to cause loose lumps when the tree is driven by a vehicle. The surfaces of the soil balls and the trunk are uniformly wrapped with bryophytes, so that the humidity of the soil balls and the trunk is ensured, and the root rot is prevented. The container is provided with air intake and air outlet at both ends, and the air intake sets up in being close to auttombilism room one end, and the air outlet sets up in rear of a vehicle one end, imports and exports and the air outlet installs the fan. Be provided with the light filling lamp in the container, provide the required light of bryophyte sound field, the light filling lamp sets up in root soil ball and trunk top, and the light source of light filling lamp is the scattered light source, and the light wavelength that the light source sent is 450nm, and the light intensity is 500 lux. The container is internally provided with a water supply device which is used for providing water for the bryophytes, the water provided for the bryophytes contains urea, and the concentration of the urea is 0.5 percent. A temperature and humidity adjusting device is arranged in the container, and in the whole transportation process, the temperature in the container is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, the air humidity is more than 35%, and the root soil ball humidity is 30% -35%.
The whole transportation process is 45 days, and the transplanting survival rate is 100 percent.
Example 3
Method for transporting Canali date in long distance
Pruning branches and leaves of the Kanali date in the dormant period, wherein the area of the pruned branches and leaves accounts for 30% -40% of the area of the total branches and leaves, drawing and binding the unfolded branches in the direction of a trunk by using a string, and binding long bamboo sheets (bamboo poles and the like) on two sides of the trunk to fix leaves so as to prevent the branches and leaves from being damaged in the transportation process. The treated trees are placed in a container, the mud heads of the trees need to be placed close to a cab of a vehicle, one or more persons can place the trees on the vehicle and adjust the position of a soil ball according to the size of the trees, and the mud heads need to be fixed by a wooden stick, red bricks and other hard objects. The contact part of the trunk, the container body and other trunks is padded with soft objects with certain thickness, such as gunny bags, non-woven fabrics, straws or sand bags, so that the trunks are prevented from being worn and damaged in the transportation process. After the trees are placed, the support is arranged to support the tree body stably, and the crown shakes to cause loose lumps when the tree is driven by a vehicle. The surfaces of the soil balls and the trunk are uniformly wrapped with bryophytes, so that the humidity of the soil balls and the trunk is ensured, and the root rot is prevented. The container is provided with air intake and air outlet at both ends, and the air intake sets up in being close to auttombilism room one end, and the air outlet sets up in rear of a vehicle one end, imports and exports and the air outlet installs the fan. Be provided with the light filling lamp in the container, provide the required light of bryophyte sound field, the light filling lamp sets up in root soil ball and trunk top, and the light source of light filling lamp is the scattered light source, and the light wavelength that the light source sent is 450nm, and the light intensity is 800 lux. The container is internally provided with a water supply device which is used for providing water for the bryophytes, the water provided for the bryophytes contains urea, and the concentration of the urea is 0.5 percent. A temperature and humidity adjusting device is arranged in the container, and in the whole transportation process, the temperature in the container is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, the air humidity is more than 35%, and the root soil ball humidity is 30% -35%.
The whole transportation process is 35 days, and the transplanting survival rate is 100 percent.
Claims (11)
1. A method for long-distance transportation of trees is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) trimming branches and leaves of trees and putting the trimmed branches and leaves into a container;
2) uniformly wrapping root soil balls and trunks with bryophytes;
3) in the transportation process, the temperature in the container is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, the air humidity is more than 35 percent, and the root soil ball humidity is 30-35 percent through a temperature and humidity adjusting device; a light supplement lamp is arranged in the container, the light source of the light supplement lamp is a scattering light source, the light intensity is lower than the light compensation point of the transported trees, the light intensity is 500-800 lux, and the light wavelength is 425-475 nm; the container is also internally provided with a water supply device used for providing water for the bryophytes, the water provided for the bryophytes contains urea, the absorption and utilization rate of the urea sprayed on the leaves is high, and the concentration of the urea is 0.5-0.8%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: when the tree is in a dormant period, the pruning area of the branches and the leaves accounts for 30 to 40 percent of the total area of the branches and the leaves; when the tree is in the growing period, the pruning area of the branches and the leaves accounts for 50 to 60 percent of the total area of the branches and the leaves.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: before the trees are put into the container, the unfolded branches need to be folded towards the trunk direction and tightly bound.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: when trees are placed in the container, the tree mud heads are placed on one side close to the automobile cab, and the tree mud heads need to be underlaid and fixed after being placed.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: the trunk and the container body and other trunk contact parts also need to be padded with a protection device to prevent the trunk from being worn and damaged in the transportation process.
6. The method of transporting trees over long distances as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the protective device is selected from gunny bag, non-woven fabric, straw and sand bag.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: after the trees are placed in the container, a stable supporting device is required to be arranged to support and stabilize the tree body.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: when the trees of transportation are molding arbor, need install the protection support frame in the container in advance.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the tree is transported over a long distance by: the container is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet.
10. The method of transporting trees over long distances as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the air inlet is arranged at one end close to the automobile cab, and the air outlet is arranged at one end of the tail of the automobile.
11. The method of transporting trees over long distances as set forth in claim 10, wherein: fans are arranged at the inlet and the outlet and the air outlet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910001558.4A CN109673463B (en) | 2019-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Method for long-distance transportation of trees |
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| CN201910001558.4A CN109673463B (en) | 2019-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Method for long-distance transportation of trees |
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| CN109673463B true CN109673463B (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| CN111512922A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-11 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | Packing and maintaining method for offshore remote transportation of arbor |
| CN111512921A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-11 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | Remote transportation and maintenance method for vine plants on sea |
| CN113826526A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏景然生态建设集团有限公司 | Transportation method for improving survival rate of nursery stocks |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101904332B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2013-02-06 | 苏州工业园区枫彩农业科技有限公司 | Long-distance transportation method for bare-root seedlings |
| CN104192425A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-12-10 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | Long-distance seedling preservation and transportation method |
| CN204682053U (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-10-07 | 周健伟 | A kind of transplanting tree device |
| CN105052671A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏省铜山中等专业学校 | Method for transplanting large cinnamomum camphora tree to land in north |
| CN206302896U (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-07-07 | 江南园林有限公司 | Transplanting tree root protection structure with water retaining function |
| CN207476495U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-06-12 | 江苏恒诺园林建设有限公司 | A kind of wide yulan tree handling device |
| CN109042214B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-11-27 | 上海山水青园林建设有限公司 | Big tree strorage device is used in transportation of afforestation transplanting trees |
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