CN109655869A - The device and method of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water - Google Patents
The device and method of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655869A CN109655869A CN201811566578.8A CN201811566578A CN109655869A CN 109655869 A CN109655869 A CN 109655869A CN 201811566578 A CN201811566578 A CN 201811566578A CN 109655869 A CN109655869 A CN 109655869A
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- way magnetic
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- radon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
Abstract
The device and method of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water, including water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve；Measuring device is placed in isoperibol, realization is opened by the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the second three-way magnetic valve to communicate with atmospheric environment, or the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve are unfolded into closed loop gas circuit, air pump control air enters water sample measurement bottle and is bubbled, radon in water sample to be measured is carried out, enter air pump by escape pipe, measures gaseous state radon consistence subsequently into emanometer, enter back into the inlet end of air inlet pipe.The radium concentration in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, easy to operate, and time of measuring is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, radium concentration in especially a kind of two period of closed loop rapid survey water
Device and method.
Background technique
Radium (Ra-226) is a kind of extremely toxic close bone alpha activity nucleic, its a large amount of deposits in vivo can induce osteocarcinoma
Or leukaemia, to be detrimental to health.Radium (Ra-226) is generally higher in underground water activity, than general surface water (river water,
Lake water, seawater etc.) the high 1-2 order of magnitude of activity；The drinking water source in many areas is underground water, some areas underground in the world
Naturally the radium element containing high concentration or the exploitation with different mineral products such as uranium mine etc. have a large amount of radium element activated in water
Discharge into underground water so that there are biggish security risks when doing drinking water source using underground water by people, thus into
The concentration to the radium element contained in local underground water is needed to carry out long-term monitoring when row drinking water source is chosen.The prior art
The measuring device and measuring method of radium concentration of element are complicated in water and time of measuring is long, need in a kind of achievable rapid survey water
The device and method of radium concentration.
Summary of the invention
A kind of two period of closed loop rapid survey water is provided the purpose of the present invention is overcoming the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art
The device and method of middle radium concentration, can be fast by this method using the device of radium concentration in two period of the closed loop rapid survey water
Speed obtains radium concentration in accurate water.
The technical scheme is that in two period of closed loop rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample measurement
Bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and
Two three-way magnetic valves.
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in out
On air pipe sleeve, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first threeway electromagnetism
The inlet end of valve connects, and the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and emanometer, and the one or three
Second outlet side of three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter
It connects, the outlet side of flowmeter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, and the first of the second three-way magnetic valve goes out
Gas end is connected by hose and the inlet end of air inlet pipe, and the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
The method that radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measurement process
And calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature
Degree；
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe in water sample to be measured simultaneously
Close to the bottom of bottle of water sample measurement bottle, the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured；
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve is opened respectively, closes the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve, the second three-way magnetic valve, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through
Air inlet pipe, which enters in water sample to be measured, to be bubbled, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and is entered air pump by escape pipe and is entered
Then first three-way magnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is non-
Chang great, after air pump starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit；
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve is closed respectively, opens the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve, the second three-way magnetic valve controls air pump tune by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit
Small flow rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through
Escape pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, then enters emanometer from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve
Afterwards, then by flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the first of the second three-way magnetic valve
Outlet side is again introduced into air inlet pipe；When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate so that emanometer measure it is intracavitary
Radon consistence variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle；
E, measurement uses longer time interval measurement, and measurement period T is 5-120 minutes, measures two time phases respectively
Deng measurement period T；
Two, calculating process
It is calculated in water sample according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Radium concentration；
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water；If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is in water
ARa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon；CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit；V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas
The volume on road includes the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber
Volume and water sample measurement bottle ullage space the sum of volume；λlIt is leadage coefficient；
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
The time of two measurement periods is all T, and what is provided due to emanometer is average radon concentration in measurement period, linearly
The radon consistence at each measurement period midpoint is considered after approximation, at first measurement period midpoint, radon consistence are as follows:
At second measurement period midpoint, radon consistence are as follows:
Radium concentration in water outlet is calculated according to formula (8), (9).
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, the apparatus structure of radium concentration is simple in two period of closed loop rapid survey water of the invention, easy to operate, measurement
Time is short.
2, radium concentration calculation process letter in water is calculated by the method for radium concentration in two period of the closed loop rapid survey water
Single, the radium concentration results of acquisition are accurate, can by radium concentration in the underground water water sample of somewhere is carried out long duration monitoring,
The drinking water standard of health is formulated in analysis for country, and is water pollution control, national disease prevention and treatment, farming and animal husbandry water etc.
There is provided foundation, it is ensured that groundwater environment and Drinking Water for Residents safety.
Detailed construction of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the device of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, in two period of closed loop rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample measurement bottle 1, bottle cap 2,
Air inlet pipe sleeve 3, outlet pipe sleeve 4, air inlet pipe 5, escape pipe 6, air pump 7, emanometer 8, flowmeter 9, the first three-way magnetic valve 10 and
Second three-way magnetic valve 11.
Air inlet pipe sleeve 3 and outlet pipe sleeve 4 are separately mounted on bottle cap 2, and air inlet pipe 5 is inserted on air inlet pipe sleeve 3, escape pipe 6
It is inserted on outlet pipe sleeve 4, escape pipe 6 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air pump 7, and the outlet side of air pump 7 passes through hose and the
The inlet end of one three-way magnetic valve 10 connects, the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 by hose and emanometer 8 into
The connection of gas end, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 are communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer 8 passes through hose
It being connect with the inlet end of flowmeter 9, the outlet side of flowmeter 9 is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve 11,
First outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air inlet pipe 5, the second three-way magnetic valve 11
Second outlet side is communicated with atmospheric environment.
The method that radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measurement process
And calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature
Degree；
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle 1, and covers tightly bottle cap 2, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe 5 is in water sample to be measured
And close to the bottom of bottle of water sample measurement bottle 1, the air inlet of escape pipe 6 is located on water sample liquid level to be measured；
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is opened respectively, closes the first threeway
The flow rate of first outlet side of solenoid valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, booster air pump 7, control air pump 7 keeps it very big, makes
Air is obtained by being bubbled in the entrance of air inlet pipe 5 water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, passes through escape pipe 6
Enter the first three-way magnetic valve 10 into air pump 7, then enter atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10,
Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is very big, after air pump 7 starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit；
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is closed respectively, opens the first threeway
First outlet side of solenoid valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, to form closed loop gas circuit, by obtain the reading of flowmeter 9 come
Control air pump 7 turns flow rate down, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5, while by the radon in water sample to be measured
It is carried out, the first three-way magnetic valve 10 is entered into air pump 7 by escape pipe 6, then from the of the first three-way magnetic valve 10
After one outlet side enters emanometer 8, then by flowmeter 9, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter 9, so
Air inlet pipe 5 is again introduced into from the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 afterwards；When turning 7 flow rate of air pump down, the stream of air pump 7
Rate keeps moderate, so that emanometer 8 measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle 1 of intracavitary radon consistence；
E, measurement uses longer time interval measurement, and measurement period T is 5-120 minutes, measures two time phases respectively
Deng measurement period T；
Two, calculating process
It is calculated in water sample according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Radium concentration；
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle 1 from the decay of radium in water；If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity in water
For ARa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottle 1RnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon；CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit；V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas
The volume on road includes the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe 5, the conduit volume of escape pipe 6, surveys inside emanometer 8
Measure the volume of chamber and the sum of the volume of water sample measurement 1 ullage space of bottle；λlIt is leadage coefficient.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
The time of two measurement periods is all T, and what is provided due to emanometer 8 is average radon concentration in measurement period, line
Property it is approximate after be considered the radon consistence at each measurement period midpoint, at first measurement period midpoint, radon consistence are as follows:
At second measurement period midpoint, radon consistence are as follows:
Radium concentration in water outlet is calculated according to formula (8), (9).
Claims (2)
1. the device of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water, it is characterized in that: including that water sample measures bottle, bottle cap, air inlet
Pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second threeway electromagnetism
Valve；
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe
It puts on, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first three-way magnetic valve
First outlet side of inlet end connection, the first three-way magnetic valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and emanometer, and the one or three is powered
Second outlet side of magnet valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter, stream
The outlet side of meter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is logical
The inlet end for crossing hose and air inlet pipe connects, and the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
2. the method for carrying out radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water using measuring device described in claim 1,
It is characterized in, including measurement process and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature；
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close
Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured；
C, it opens the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, closes the first three-way magnetic valve, the
First outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through air inlet pipe
Into being bubbled in water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, air pump is entered into the one or three by escape pipe
Then three-way electromagnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is very big, gas
After pump startup 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit；
D, it closes the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, opens the first three-way magnetic valve, the
Stream is turned down to control air pump by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit in first outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves
Rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through outlet
Pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, after then entering emanometer from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, then
By flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the first outlet of the second three-way magnetic valve
End is again introduced into air inlet pipe；When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate, so as to measure intracavitary radon dense for emanometer
Spend variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle；
E, measurement uses longer time interval measurement, and measurement period T is 5-120 minutes, and it is equal to measure two times respectively
Measurement period T；
Two, calculating process
The radium in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Concentration；
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water；If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa,
Then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon；CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit；V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas circuit
Volume include the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber body
The sum of the volume of long-pending and water sample measurement bottle ullage space；λlIt is leadage coefficient；
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
The time of two measurement periods is all T, and what is provided due to emanometer is average radon concentration in measurement period, linear approximation
It is considered the radon consistence at each measurement period midpoint afterwards, at first measurement period midpoint, radon consistence are as follows:
At second measurement period midpoint, radon consistence are as follows:
Radium concentration in water outlet is calculated according to formula (8), (9).
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| CN201811566578.8A CN109655869B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Method for rapidly measuring radium concentration in water in closed-loop two-period mode |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109655867A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water |
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| CN109655869B (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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