CN109655868A - The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water - Google Patents
The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655868A CN109655868A CN201811566541.5A CN201811566541A CN109655868A CN 109655868 A CN109655868 A CN 109655868A CN 201811566541 A CN201811566541 A CN 201811566541A CN 109655868 A CN109655868 A CN 109655868A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
Abstract
The device of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water, including water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, static collection emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve；Measuring device is placed in isoperibol, realization is opened by the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the second three-way magnetic valve to communicate with atmospheric environment, or the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve are unfolded into closed loop gas circuit, air pump control air enters water sample measurement bottle and is bubbled, radon in water sample to be measured is carried out, enter air pump by escape pipe, subsequently into static collection emanometer, enters back into the inlet end of air inlet pipe.The radium concentration in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and static collection emanometer.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, easy to operate, and time of measuring is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, radium in especially a kind of closed loop static collection rapid survey water
The device and method of concentration.
Background technique
Radium (Ra-226) is a kind of extremely toxic close bone alpha activity nucleic, its a large amount of deposits in vivo can induce osteocarcinoma
Or leukaemia, to be detrimental to health.Radium (Ra-226) is generally higher in underground water activity, than general surface water (river water,
Lake water, seawater etc.) the high 1-2 order of magnitude of activity；The drinking water source in many areas is underground water, some areas underground in the world
Naturally the radium element containing high concentration or the exploitation with different mineral products such as uranium mine etc. have a large amount of radium element activated in water
Discharge into underground water so that there are biggish security risks when doing drinking water source using underground water by people, thus into
The concentration to the radium element contained in local underground water is needed to carry out long-term monitoring when row drinking water source is chosen.The prior art
The measuring device and measuring method of radium concentration of element are complicated in water and time of measuring is long, need in a kind of achievable rapid survey water
The device and method of radium concentration.
Summary of the invention
A kind of closed loop static collection is provided and is quickly surveyed the purpose of the present invention is overcoming the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art
The device and method for measuring radium concentration in water, using the measuring device, by this method, quickly to obtain radium in accurate water dense
Degree.
The technical scheme is that in closed loop static collection rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample
Measure bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, static collection emanometer, flowmeter, first
Three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve.Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet
On pipe sleeve, escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through
Hose is connect with the inlet end of the first three-way magnetic valve, and the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve passes through hose and electrostatic collection
The inlet end of method emanometer connects, and the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and static collection surveys radon
The outlet side of instrument is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter, and the outlet side of flowmeter passes through hose and the second three-way magnetic valve
Inlet end connection, the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve connected by hose and the inlet end of air inlet pipe, the second threeway
Second outlet side of solenoid valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
Using the method for radium concentration in above-mentioned measuring device closed loop static collection rapid survey water, including measurement process
And calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures ring
Border temperature；
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe in water sample to be measured simultaneously
Close to the bottom of bottle of water sample measurement bottle, the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured；
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve is opened respectively, closes the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve, the second three-way magnetic valve, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through
Air inlet pipe, which enters in water sample to be measured, to be bubbled, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and is entered air pump by escape pipe and is entered
Then first three-way magnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is non-
Chang great, after air pump starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit；
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve is closed respectively, opens the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve, the second three-way magnetic valve controls air pump tune by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit
Small flow rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through
Escape pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, then enters electrostatic collection from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve
After method emanometer, then by flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the second threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve is again introduced into air inlet pipe；When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate, so that electrostatic collection
Method emanometer measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle of intracavitary radon consistence；
E, using 2-20 minutes short periods as measurement period, static collection emanometer continuously measures gaseous state radon consistence；
Two, calculating process
According to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and static collection emanometer
Calculate the radium concentration in water sample；
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water；Since the flow rate of air pump is larger, it can be seen that
Radon consistence is equal in closed loop gas circuit.If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon；CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit；V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas
The volume on road includes the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber
Volume and water sample measurement bottle ullage space the sum of volume；λlIt is leadage coefficient.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
Nonlinear fitting, which is carried out, according to formula (7) obtains radium concentration in water.
Since the flow rate of air pump is moderate, measured it can be seen that static collection emanometer measures intracavitary radon consistence and water sample
The synchronous variation of gaseous state radon consistence in bottle.According to the measuring principle of static collection emanometer, the gas of static collection emanometer
State radon consistence actual measurement is the concentration for measuring intracavitary Po-218, the intracavitary Po-218 concentration of the measurement of static collection emanometer
CPo(t) changing rule are as follows:
Formula (7) are substituted into formula (8) to obtain
The initial concentration of Po-218 is 0, the solution of formula (9) are as follows:
Nonlinear fitting, which is carried out, according to formula (10) obtains radium concentration in water.
When sealing preferable, λe<λPo, at t > 20 minutes,Less than 0.012, this up-to-date style (10) can simplify are as follows:
According to formula (11), radium concentration in water is obtained using 20 minutes later measurement data nonlinear fittings.
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, the apparatus structure of radium concentration is simple in closed loop static collection rapid survey water provided by the invention, operation side
Just, time of measuring is short.
2, radium concentration calculation process is simple in the measurement method calculating water provided through the invention, and calculated result is accurate, energy
Enough monitorings by carrying out long duration to radium concentration in the underground water water sample of somewhere are analyzed, and formulate drinking for health for country
Water quality standard, and foundation is provided for water pollution control, national disease prevention and treatment, farming and animal husbandry water etc., it is ensured that groundwater environment
And Drinking Water for Residents safety.
Detailed construction of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of radium concentration device in closed loop static collection rapid survey water of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1: in closed loop static collection rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample measure bottle 1, bottle
Lid 2, air inlet pipe sleeve 3, outlet pipe sleeve 4, air inlet pipe 5, escape pipe 6, air pump 7, static collection emanometer 8, flowmeter 9, first
Three-way magnetic valve 10 and the second three-way magnetic valve 11.Air inlet pipe sleeve 3 and outlet pipe sleeve 4 are separately mounted on bottle cap 2, air inlet pipe 5
It is inserted on air inlet pipe sleeve 3, escape pipe 6 is inserted on outlet pipe sleeve 4, and escape pipe 6 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air pump 7, gas
The outlet side of pump 7 is connect by hose with the inlet end of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the first outlet of the first three-way magnetic valve 10
End is connect by hose with the inlet end of static collection emanometer 8, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 and atmosphere
Environment communicates, and the outlet side of static collection emanometer 8 is connect by hose with the inlet end of flowmeter 9, the outlet of flowmeter 9
End is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve 11, and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 passes through hose
It is connect with the inlet end of air inlet pipe 5, the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is communicated with atmospheric environment.
The method that radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measurement
Process and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures ring
Border temperature；
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle 1, and covers tightly bottle cap 2, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe 5 is in water sample to be measured
And close to the bottom of bottle of water sample measurement bottle 1, the air inlet of escape pipe 6 is located on water sample liquid level to be measured；
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is opened respectively, closes the first threeway
The flow rate of first outlet side of solenoid valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, booster air pump 7, control air pump 7 keeps it very big, makes
Air is obtained by being bubbled in the entrance of air inlet pipe 5 water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, passes through escape pipe 6
Enter the first three-way magnetic valve 10 into air pump 7, then enter atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10,
Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is very big, after air pump 7 starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit；
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is closed respectively, opens the first threeway
First outlet side of solenoid valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, to form closed loop gas circuit, by obtain the reading of flowmeter 9 come
Control air pump 7 turns flow rate down, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5, while by the radon in water sample to be measured
It is carried out, the first three-way magnetic valve 10 is entered into air pump 7 by escape pipe 6, then from the of the second three-way magnetic valve 10
One outlet side is again introduced into air inlet pipe 5；When turning 7 flow rate of air pump down, the flow rate of air pump 7 keeps moderate, so that static collection
Emanometer 8 measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle 1 of intracavitary radon consistence；
E, using 2-20 minutes short periods as measurement period, static collection emanometer 8 continuously measures gaseous state radon consistence；
Two, calculating process
According to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and static collection emanometer 8
Calculate the radium concentration in water sample；
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle 1 from the decay of radium in water；Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is larger, can recognize
It is equal for radon consistence in closed loop gas circuit.If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottle 1RnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon；CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit；V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas
The volume on road includes the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe 5, the conduit volume of escape pipe 6, static collection survey radon
The sum of the volume of volume and water sample measurement 1 ullage space of bottle of 8 internal measurement chamber of instrument；λlIt is leadage coefficient.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
Nonlinear fitting, which is carried out, according to formula (7) obtains radium concentration in water.
Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is moderate, surveyed it can be seen that static collection emanometer 8 measures intracavitary radon consistence and water sample
The synchronous variation of gaseous state radon consistence in measuring bottle 1.According to the measuring principle of static collection emanometer 8, static collection emanometer 8
Gaseous state radon consistence actual measurement be the concentration for measuring intracavitary Po-218, the intracavitary Po- of the measurement of static collection emanometer 8
218 concentration CsPo(t) changing rule are as follows:
Formula (7) are substituted into formula (8) to obtain
The initial concentration of Po-218 is 0, the solution of formula (9) are as follows:
Nonlinear fitting, which is carried out, according to formula (10) obtains radium concentration in water.
When sealing preferable, λe<λPo, at t > 20 minutes,Less than 0.012, this up-to-date style (10) can simplify are as follows:
According to formula (11), radium concentration in water is obtained using 20 minutes later measurement data nonlinear fittings.
Claims (2)
1. the device of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water, it is characterized in that: include water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap,
Air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, static collection emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and
Second three-way magnetic valve；
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe
It puts on, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first three-way magnetic valve
First outlet side of inlet end connection, the first three-way magnetic valve is connect by hose with the inlet end of static collection emanometer,
Second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of static collection emanometer passes through hose and stream
The inlet end of meter connects, and the outlet side of flowmeter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, the second threeway
First outlet side of solenoid valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and air inlet pipe, the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve and big
Compression ring border communicates.
2. carrying out the side of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water using measuring device as described in claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that: including measurement process and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in closed loop static collection rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature
Degree；
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close
Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured；
C, it opens the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, closes the first three-way magnetic valve, the
First outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through air inlet pipe
Into being bubbled in water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, air pump is entered into the one or three by escape pipe
Then three-way electromagnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is very big, gas
After pump startup 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit；
D, it closes the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, opens the first three-way magnetic valve, the
Stream is turned down to control air pump by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit in first outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves
Rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through outlet
Pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, then enters static collection from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve and surveys
After radon instrument, then by flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the second three-way magnetic valve
First outlet side is again introduced into air inlet pipe；When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate, so that static collection is surveyed
Radon instrument measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle of intracavitary radon consistence；
E, using 2-20 minutes short periods as measurement period, static collection emanometer continuously measures gaseous state radon consistence；
Two, calculating process
It is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and static collection emanometer
Radium concentration in water sample；
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water；Since the flow rate of air pump is larger, it can be seen that closed loop
Radon consistence is equal in gas circuit；If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon；CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit；V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas circuit
Volume include the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, inside static collection emanometer
Measure the volume of chamber and the sum of the volume of water sample measurement bottle ullage space；λlIt is leadage coefficient；
Temperature when according to measurement can table look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, have:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
Nonlinear fitting, which is carried out, according to formula (7) obtains radium concentration in water；
Since the flow rate of air pump is moderate, it can be seen that static collection emanometer measures in intracavitary radon consistence and water sample measurement bottle
The synchronous variation of gaseous state radon consistence；According to the measuring principle of static collection emanometer, the gaseous state radon of static collection emanometer
Concentration actual measurement is the concentration for measuring intracavitary Po-218, the intracavitary Po-218 concentration C of the measurement of static collection emanometerPo
(t) changing rule are as follows:
Formula (7) are substituted into formula (8) to obtain
The initial concentration of Po-218 is 0, the solution of formula (9) are as follows:
Nonlinear fitting, which is carried out, according to formula (10) obtains radium concentration in water；
When sealing preferable, λe<λPo, at t > 20 minutes,Less than 0.012, this up-to-date style (10) can simplify are as follows:
According to formula (11), radium concentration in water is obtained using 20 minutes later measurement data nonlinear fittings.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109655866A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Closed loop electrostatic collection two-stage method measures the device and method of radium concentration in water |
| CN109655862A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Closed loop static collection partial integration measures the device and method of radium concentration in water |
| CN109655865A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Po-218, Po-214 tale closed loop measure the device and method of radium concentration in water |
| CN109655863A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The square law device and method of radium concentration in two period measurement water of closed loop electrostatic collection |
| CN109655864A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Po-218, Po-214 tale closed loop two-stage method measure the device and method of radium concentration in water |
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| CN109655862A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Closed loop static collection partial integration measures the device and method of radium concentration in water |
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| CN109655863A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The square law device and method of radium concentration in two period measurement water of closed loop electrostatic collection |
| CN109655864A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Po-218, Po-214 tale closed loop two-stage method measure the device and method of radium concentration in water |
| CN109655862B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for partially integrating and measuring radium concentration in water by closed-loop electrostatic collection method |
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| CN109655865B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for measuring radium concentration in water in closed loop mode through total counting of Po-218 and Po-214 |
| CN109655866B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-08-12 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for measuring radium concentration in water by closed-loop electrostatic collection two-stage method |
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