CN109613590A - Closed loop two-stage method measures the device and method of radium concentration in water - Google Patents
Closed loop two-stage method measures the device and method of radium concentration in water Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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Abstract
Closed loop two-stage method measures the device of radium concentration in water, including water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve;Measuring device is placed in isoperibol, realization is opened by the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the second three-way magnetic valve to communicate with atmospheric environment, or the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve are unfolded into closed loop gas circuit, air pump control air enters water sample measurement bottle and is bubbled, radon in water sample to be measured is carried out, enter air pump by escape pipe, measures gaseous state radon consistence subsequently into emanometer, enter back into the inlet end of air inlet pipe.The radium concentration in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, easy to operate, and time of measuring is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, the dress of radium concentration in especially a kind of closed loop two-stage method measurement water
It sets and method.
Background technique
Radium (Ra-226) is a kind of extremely toxic close bone alpha activity nucleic, its a large amount of deposits in vivo can induce osteocarcinoma
Or leukaemia, to be detrimental to health.Radium (Ra-226) is generally higher in underground water activity, than general surface water (river water,
Lake water, seawater etc.) the high 1-2 order of magnitude of activity;The drinking water source in many areas is underground water, some areas underground in the world
Naturally the radium element containing high concentration or the exploitation with different mineral products such as uranium mine etc. have a large amount of radium element activated in water
Discharge into underground water so that there are biggish security risks when doing drinking water source using underground water by people, thus into
The concentration to the radium element contained in local underground water is needed to carry out long-term monitoring when row drinking water source is chosen.The prior art
The measuring device and measuring method of radium concentration of element are complicated in water and time of measuring is long, need in a kind of achievable rapid survey water
The device and method of radium concentration.
Summary of the invention
Radium in a kind of closed loop two-stage method measurement water is provided the purpose of the present invention is overcoming the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art
The device and method of concentration can quickly obtain radium concentration in accurate water by this method using the measuring device.
The technical scheme is that closed loop two-stage method measures the device of radium concentration in water, including water sample measures bottle, bottle
Lid, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the two or three
Three-way electromagnetic valve.Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in out
On air pipe sleeve, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first threeway electromagnetism
The inlet end of valve connects, and the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and emanometer, and the one or three
Second outlet side of three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter
It connects, the outlet side of flowmeter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, and the first of the second three-way magnetic valve goes out
Gas end is connected by hose and the inlet end of air inlet pipe, and the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
Using the method for radium concentration in above-mentioned measuring device closed loop two-stage method measurement water, including measurement process and calculated
Journey, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device that closed loop two-stage method measures radium concentration in water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close
Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, it opens the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, closes the first three-way magnetic valve, the
First outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through air inlet pipe
Into being bubbled in water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, air pump is entered into the one or three by escape pipe
Then three-way electromagnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is very big, gas
After pump startup 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, it closes the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, opens the first three-way magnetic valve, the
Stream is turned down to control air pump by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit in first outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves
Rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through outlet
Pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, after then entering emanometer from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, then
By flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the first outlet of the second three-way magnetic valve
End is again introduced into air inlet pipe;When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate, so as to measure intracavitary radon dense for emanometer
Spend variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle;
E, two measurement periods are continuously measured using longer time interval, two measurement periods are respectively T1、T2, value model
Enclose is 5-120 minutes;The reading of emanometer is respectively C in two measurement periods of measurement1, C2。
Two, calculating process
The radium in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water;Since the flow rate of air pump is larger, it can be seen that closed loop
Radon consistence is equal in gas circuit.If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
(1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
(2)
In formulaIt is the decay coefficient of radon;It is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit;V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas circuit
Volume include the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber
The sum of the volume of volume and water sample measurement bottle ullage space;It is leadage coefficient.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
(3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
(4)
Enable Effective Decay ConstantAre as follows:
(5)
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
(6)
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
(7)
To formula (7) { 0, T1And { T1, T1+T2Section integrates respectively, then respectively divided by T1And T2It is available:
(8)
(9)
Radium concentration in water is calculated according to formula (8), (9).
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, the apparatus structure of radium concentration is simple in closed loop two-stage method measurement water provided by the invention, easy to operate, time of measuring
It is short.
2, radium concentration calculation process is simple in the measurement method calculating water provided through the invention, and calculated result is accurate, energy
Enough monitorings by carrying out long duration to radium concentration in the underground water water sample of somewhere are analyzed, and formulate drinking for health for country
Water quality standard, and foundation is provided for water pollution control, national disease prevention and treatment, farming and animal husbandry water etc., it is ensured that groundwater environment
And Drinking Water for Residents safety.
Detailed construction of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that closed loop two-stage method of the invention measures radium concentration device in water.
Specific embodiment
Closed loop two-stage method measures the device of radium concentration in water as shown in Figure 1:, including water sample measures bottle 1, bottle cap 2, air inlet
Pipe sleeve 3, outlet pipe sleeve 4, air inlet pipe 5, escape pipe 6, air pump 7, emanometer 8, flowmeter 9, the first three-way magnetic valve 10 and second
Three-way magnetic valve 11.Air inlet pipe sleeve 3 and outlet pipe sleeve 4 are separately mounted on bottle cap 2, and air inlet pipe 5 is inserted on air inlet pipe sleeve 3, out
Tracheae 6 is inserted on outlet pipe sleeve 4, and escape pipe 6 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air pump 7, and the outlet side of air pump 7 passes through hose
It is connect with the inlet end of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 passes through hose and emanometer 8
Inlet end connection, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 communicates with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer 8 passes through soft
Pipe is connect with the inlet end of flowmeter 9, and the outlet side of flowmeter 9 is connected by the inlet end of hose and the second three-way magnetic valve 11
It connects, the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air inlet pipe 5, the second three-way magnetic valve 11
The second outlet side communicated with atmospheric environment.
The method that radium concentration in closed loop two-stage method measurement water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measurement process and meter
Calculation process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device that closed loop two-stage method measures radium concentration in water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle 1, and covers tightly bottle cap 2, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe 5 in water sample to be measured and is leaned on
The bottom of bottle of nearly water sample measurement bottle 1, the air inlet of escape pipe 6 are located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is opened respectively, closes the first threeway electromagnetism
The flow rate of first outlet side of valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, booster air pump 7, control air pump 7 keeps it very big, makes to have leisure
Gas is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5 to be bubbled, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and is entered by escape pipe 6
Air pump 7 enters the first three-way magnetic valve 10, then enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, due to
The flow rate of air pump 7 is very big, after air pump 7 starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is closed respectively, opens the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is controlled to form closed loop gas circuit by obtaining the reading of flowmeter 9
Air pump 7 turns flow rate down, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried
Out, the first three-way magnetic valve 10 is entered into air pump 7 by escape pipe 6, then first from the second three-way magnetic valve 10 goes out
Gas end is again introduced into air inlet pipe 5;When turning 7 flow rate of air pump down, the flow rate of air pump 7 keeps moderate so that emanometer 8 measure it is intracavitary
Radon consistence and water sample measurement bottle 1 in gaseous state radon consistence synchronous change;
E, two measurement periods are continuously measured using longer time interval, two measurement periods are respectively T1、T2, value model
Enclose is 5-120 minutes;The reading of emanometer 8 is respectively C in two measurement periods of measurement1, C2。
Two, calculating process
The radium in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer 8
Concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle 1 from the decay of radium in water;Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is larger, it can be seen that closing
Radon consistence is equal in ring gas circuit.If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
(1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottle 1RnChanging rule are as follows:
(2)
In formulaIt is the decay coefficient of radon;It is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit;V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas circuit
Volume include the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe 5, the conduit volume of escape pipe 6,8 internal measurement of emanometer
The sum of the volume of volume and water sample measurement 1 ullage space of bottle of chamber;It is leadage coefficient.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
(3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
(4)
Enable Effective Decay ConstantAre as follows:
(5)
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
(6)
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
(7)
To formula (7) { 0, T1And { T1, T1+T2Section integrates respectively, then respectively divided by T1And T2It is available:
(8)
(9)
Radium concentration in water is calculated according to formula (8), (9).
Claims (2)
1. closed loop two-stage method measure water in radium concentration device, it is characterized in that: include water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve,
Outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve;
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe
It puts on, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first three-way magnetic valve
First outlet side of inlet end connection, the first three-way magnetic valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and emanometer, and the one or three is powered
Second outlet side of magnet valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter, stream
The outlet side of meter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is logical
The inlet end for crossing hose and air inlet pipe connects, and the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
2. the method for carrying out radium concentration in closed loop two-stage method measurement water using measuring device as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: including measurement process and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device that closed loop two-stage method measures radium concentration in water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close
Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, it opens the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, closes the first three-way magnetic valve, the
First outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through air inlet pipe
Into being bubbled in water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, air pump is entered into the one or three by escape pipe
Then three-way electromagnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is very big, gas
After pump startup 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, it closes the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, opens the first three-way magnetic valve, the
Stream is turned down to control air pump by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit in first outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves
Rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through outlet
Pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, after then entering emanometer from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, then
By flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the first outlet of the second three-way magnetic valve
End is again introduced into air inlet pipe;When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate, so as to measure intracavitary radon dense for emanometer
Spend variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle;
E, two measurement periods are continuously measured using longer time interval, two measurement periods are respectively T1、T2, value model
Enclose is 5-120 minutes;The reading of emanometer is respectively C in two measurement periods of measurement1, C2;
Two, calculating process
The radium in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water;Since the flow rate of air pump is larger, it can be seen that closed loop
Radon consistence is equal in gas circuit;If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
(1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
(2)
In formulaIt is the decay coefficient of radon;It is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit;V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas circuit
Volume include the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber
The sum of the volume of volume and water sample measurement bottle ullage space;It is leadage coefficient;
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
(3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
(4)
Enable Effective Decay ConstantAre as follows:
(5)
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
(6)
Initial radon consistence is 0, the solution of formula (6) are as follows:
(7)
To formula (7) { 0, T1And { T1, T1+T2Section integrates respectively, then respectively divided by T1And T2It is available:
(8)
(9)
Radium concentration in water is calculated according to formula (8), (9).
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CN109655869A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The device and method of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water |
CN109655860A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop rapid survey water |
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CN109655869A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The device and method of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water |
CN109655869B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for rapidly measuring radium concentration in water in closed-loop two-period mode |
CN109655867B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for quickly measuring radium concentration in water through closed-loop partial integration |
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