CN109655867A - The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water - Google Patents
The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655867A CN109655867A CN201811566538.3A CN201811566538A CN109655867A CN 109655867 A CN109655867 A CN 109655867A CN 201811566538 A CN201811566538 A CN 201811566538A CN 109655867 A CN109655867 A CN 109655867A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
Abstract
The device and method of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water, measuring device include water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve;Measuring device is placed in isoperibol, realization is opened by the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the second three-way magnetic valve to communicate with atmospheric environment, or the first three-way magnetic valve of control and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve are unfolded into closed loop gas circuit, air pump control air enters water sample measurement bottle and is bubbled, radon in water sample to be measured is carried out, enter air pump by escape pipe, measures gaseous state radon consistence subsequently into emanometer, enter back into the inlet end of air inlet pipe.The radium concentration in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, easy to operate, and time of measuring is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, radium is dense in especially a kind of closed loop partial integration rapid survey water
The device and method of degree.
Background technique
Radium (Ra-226) is a kind of extremely toxic close bone alpha activity nucleic, its a large amount of deposits in vivo can induce osteocarcinoma
Or leukaemia, to be detrimental to health.Radium (Ra-226) is generally higher in underground water activity, than general surface water (river water,
Lake water, seawater etc.) the high 1-2 order of magnitude of activity;The drinking water source in many areas is underground water, some areas underground in the world
Naturally the radium element containing high concentration or the exploitation with different mineral products such as uranium mine etc. have a large amount of radium element activated in water
Discharge into underground water so that there are biggish security risks when doing drinking water source using underground water by people, thus into
The concentration to the radium element contained in local underground water is needed to carry out long-term monitoring when row drinking water source is chosen.The prior art
The measuring device and measuring method of radium concentration of element are complicated in water and time of measuring is long, need in a kind of achievable rapid survey water
The device and method of radium concentration.
Summary of the invention
A kind of closed loop partial integration rapid survey is provided the purpose of the present invention is overcoming the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art
The device and method of radium concentration in water, the device using radium concentration in the closed loop partial integration rapid survey water pass through this method
Radium concentration in accurate water can quickly be obtained.
The technical scheme is that in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample survey
Measuring bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and
Second three-way magnetic valve.
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in out
On air pipe sleeve, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first threeway electromagnetism
The inlet end of valve connects, and the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and emanometer, and the one or three
Second outlet side of three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter
It connects, the outlet side of flowmeter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, and the first of the second three-way magnetic valve goes out
Gas end is connected by hose and the inlet end of air inlet pipe, and the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
The method that radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measured
Journey and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment
Temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe in water sample to be measured simultaneously
Close to the bottom of bottle of water sample measurement bottle, the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve is opened respectively, closes the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve, the second three-way magnetic valve, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keep it very big, so that air passes through
Air inlet pipe, which enters in water sample to be measured, to be bubbled, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and is entered air pump by escape pipe and is entered
Then first three-way magnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is non-
Chang great, after air pump starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve is closed respectively, opens the first threeway electromagnetism
First outlet side of valve, the second three-way magnetic valve controls air pump tune by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit
Small flow rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through
Escape pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, then enters emanometer from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve
Afterwards, then by flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the first of the second three-way magnetic valve
Outlet side is again introduced into air inlet pipe;When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate so that emanometer measure it is intracavitary
Radon consistence variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle;
E, use the shorter time for measurement period, i.e. measurement in 2-10 minutes is primary, measures radon consistence always and tends to be permanent
Definite value.
Two, calculating process
It is calculated in water sample according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Radium concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water;If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is in water
ARa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon;CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit;V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas
The volume on road includes the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber
Volume and water sample measurement bottle ullage space the sum of volume;λlIt is leadage coefficient;
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
WhenCompare λeCRn(t1) it is much larger when, formula (6) can simplify are as follows:
The namely initial stage of radon consistence ascending curve, it can be seen that radon consistence CRnIt (t) is linear rise, i.e. CRn(t) line
Property variation:
Formula (8) are substituted into formula (6):
Choose suitable time t=t1, so thatCompare λeCRn(t1) much larger, and
If k is a proportionality constant, value is between 0.1-0.4;CSFor the saturation radon consistence of closed loop gas circuit;By formula
(8) substituting into formula (10) can obtain:
K=λet1 (11)
T is arrived 0 to formula (9)1Interval integral obtains:
CRnIt (0) is initial radon consistence, value 0, formula (12) variation are as follows:
Formula (11) are substituted into formula (13) to obtain:
Radium concentration in water is calculated according to formula (14).
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, the apparatus structure of radium concentration is simple in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water of the invention, easy to operate, surveys
It is short to measure the time.
2, radium concentration calculation process in water is calculated by the method for radium concentration in the closed loop partial integration rapid survey water
Simply, the radium concentration results of acquisition are accurate, can pass through the prison to radium concentration progress long duration in the underground water water sample of somewhere
It surveys, the drinking water standard that analysis is country's formulation health, and is used for water pollution control, country's disease prevention and treatment, farming and animal husbandry
Water etc. provides foundation, it is ensured that groundwater environment and Drinking Water for Residents safety.
Detailed construction of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the device of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample measure bottle 1, bottle cap
2, air inlet pipe sleeve 3, outlet pipe sleeve 4, air inlet pipe 5, escape pipe 6, air pump 7, emanometer 8, flowmeter 9, the first three-way magnetic valve 10
And second three-way magnetic valve 11.
Air inlet pipe sleeve 3 and outlet pipe sleeve 4 are separately mounted on bottle cap 2, and air inlet pipe 5 is inserted on air inlet pipe sleeve 3, escape pipe 6
It is inserted on outlet pipe sleeve 4, escape pipe 6 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air pump 7, and the outlet side of air pump 7 passes through hose and the
The inlet end of one three-way magnetic valve 10 connects, the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 by hose and emanometer 8 into
The connection of gas end, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10 are communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer 8 passes through hose
It being connect with the inlet end of flowmeter 9, the outlet side of flowmeter 9 is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve 11,
First outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air inlet pipe 5, the second three-way magnetic valve 11
Second outlet side is communicated with atmospheric environment.
The method that radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measured
Journey and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment
Temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle 1, and covers tightly bottle cap 2, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe 5 is in water sample to be measured
And close to the bottom of bottle of water sample measurement bottle 1, the air inlet of escape pipe 6 is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is opened respectively, closes the first threeway
The flow rate of first outlet side of solenoid valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, booster air pump 7, control air pump 7 keeps it very big, makes
Air is obtained by being bubbled in the entrance of air inlet pipe 5 water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, passes through escape pipe 6
Enter the first three-way magnetic valve 10 into air pump 7, then enter atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10,
Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is very big, after air pump 7 starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is closed respectively, opens the first threeway
First outlet side of solenoid valve 10, the second three-way magnetic valve 11, to form closed loop gas circuit, by obtain the reading of flowmeter 9 come
Control air pump 7 turns flow rate down, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5, while by the radon in water sample to be measured
It is carried out, the first three-way magnetic valve 10 is entered into air pump 7 by escape pipe 6, then from the of the first three-way magnetic valve 10
After one outlet side enters emanometer 8, then by flowmeter 9, the second three-way magnetic valve 11 is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter 9, so
Air inlet pipe 5 is again introduced into from the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve 11 afterwards;When turning 7 flow rate of air pump down, the stream of air pump 7
Rate keeps moderate, so that emanometer 8 measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle 1 of intracavitary radon consistence;
E, use the shorter time for measurement period, i.e. measurement in 2-10 minutes is primary, measures radon consistence always and tends to be permanent
Definite value.
Two, calculating process
It is calculated in water sample according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Radium concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle 1 from the decay of radium in water;If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity in water
For ARa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottle 1RnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon;CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit;V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas
The volume on road includes the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe 5, the conduit volume of escape pipe 6, surveys inside emanometer 8
Measure the volume of chamber and the sum of the volume of water sample measurement 1 ullage space of bottle;λlIt is leadage coefficient;
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
WhenCompare λeCRn(t1) it is much larger when, formula (6) can simplify are as follows:
The namely initial stage of radon consistence ascending curve, it can be seen that radon consistence CRnIt (t) is linear rise, i.e. CRn(t) line
Property variation:
Formula (8) are substituted into formula (6):
Choose suitable time t=t1, so thatCompare λeCRn(t1) much larger, and
If k is a proportionality constant, value is between 0.1-0.4;CSFor the saturation radon consistence of closed loop gas circuit;By formula
(8) substituting into formula (10) can obtain:
K=λet1 (11)
T is arrived 0 to formula (9)1Interval integral obtains:
CRnIt (0) is initial radon consistence, value 0, formula (12) variation are as follows:
Formula (11) are substituted into formula (13) to obtain:
Radium concentration in water is calculated according to formula (14).
Claims (2)
1. the device of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water, it is characterized in that: include water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, into
Air pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, emanometer, flowmeter, the first three-way magnetic valve and the second threeway electromagnetism
Valve;
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe
It puts on, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and the first three-way magnetic valve
First outlet side of inlet end connection, the first three-way magnetic valve is connected by the inlet end of hose and emanometer, and the one or three is powered
Second outlet side of magnet valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of emanometer is connected by the inlet end of hose and flowmeter, stream
The outlet side of meter is connect by hose with the inlet end of the second three-way magnetic valve, and the first outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is logical
The inlet end for crossing hose and air inlet pipe connects, and the second outlet side of the second three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment.
2. the method for carrying out radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water using measuring device described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that including measurement process and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in closed loop partial integration rapid survey water is placed on the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature
Degree;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close
Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, it opens the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, closes the first three-way magnetic valve, the
First outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves, booster air pump, the flow rate for controlling air pump keeps it very big, so that air passes through air inlet pipe
Into being bubbled in water sample to be measured, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, air pump is entered into the one or three by escape pipe
Then three-way electromagnetic valve enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, since the flow rate of air pump is very big, gas
After pump startup 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, it closes the second outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve respectively, opens the first three-way magnetic valve, the
Stream is turned down to control air pump by obtaining meter readings to form closed loop gas circuit in first outlet side of two three-way magnetic valves
Rate is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out, and passes through outlet
Pipe enters air pump and enters the first three-way magnetic valve, after then entering emanometer from the first outlet side of the first three-way magnetic valve, then
By flowmeter, the second three-way magnetic valve is entered from the outlet side of flowmeter, then from the first outlet of the second three-way magnetic valve
End is again introduced into air inlet pipe;When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps moderate, so as to measure intracavitary radon dense for emanometer
Spend variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle;
E, use the shorter time for measurement period, i.e. measurement in 2-10 minutes is primary, measures radon consistence always and tends to steady state value;
Two, calculating process
The radium in water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the volume of closed loop gas circuit and emanometer
Concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water;If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa,
Then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
CRa=ARa/V (1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
dC'Rn/ dt=CRaλRn-λRn(C'Rn+CRnV1/V)-λlCRnV1/V (2)
λ in formulaRnIt is the decay coefficient of radon;CRnIt is the concentration of radon in closed loop gas circuit;V1It is the volume of closed loop gas circuit, closed loop gas circuit
Volume include the conduit volume of hose, the conduit volume of air inlet pipe, the conduit volume of escape pipe, emanometer internal measurement chamber body
The sum of the volume of long-pending and water sample measurement bottle ullage space;λlIt is leadage coefficient;
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when water radon and gaseous state radon balance, has:
C'Rn=XCRn (3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Enable Effective Decay Constant λeAre as follows:
Formula (4) simplifies are as follows:
WhenCompare λeCRn(t1) it is much larger when, formula (6) can simplify are as follows:
The namely initial stage of radon consistence ascending curve, it can be seen that radon consistence CRnIt (t) is linear rise, i.e. CRn(t) linear to become
Change:
Formula (8) are substituted into formula (6):
Choose suitable time t=t1, so thatCompare λeCRn(t1) much larger, and
If k is a proportionality constant, value is between 0.1-0.4;CSFor the saturation radon consistence of closed loop gas circuit;Formula (8) are substituted into
Formula (10) can obtain:
K=λet1 (11)
T is arrived 0 to formula (9)1Interval integral obtains:
CRnIt (0) is initial radon consistence, value 0, formula (12) variation are as follows:
Formula (11) are substituted into formula (13) to obtain:
Radium concentration in water is calculated according to formula (14).
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CN109655869A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | The device and method of radium concentration in two period of closed loop rapid survey water |
CN109655869B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for rapidly measuring radium concentration in water in closed-loop two-period mode |
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