CN109601207B - Ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and regulation and control method - Google Patents
Ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and regulation and control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109601207B CN109601207B CN201910125867.2A CN201910125867A CN109601207B CN 109601207 B CN109601207 B CN 109601207B CN 201910125867 A CN201910125867 A CN 201910125867A CN 109601207 B CN109601207 B CN 109601207B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- roof truss
- heat
- ground
- pipe network
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/245—Conduits for heating by means of liquids, e.g. used as frame members or for soil heating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground auxiliary enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and a regulating method, belonging to the field of environmental control of facility agriculture engineering. In a greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system, a ground pipe network system, an underground reservoir and a control system are added; the greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is divided into three independent pipe network systems of a roof truss upper chord, a roof truss lower chord and a ground pipe network, wherein each independent pipe network system is provided with an independent water pump and can independently operate; the function of winding the roof truss is adjusted to have the heat collecting function only; the heat is prevented from being easily lost through the roof; the heat collecting and releasing system is used for heat storage in the daytime and heat release at night, so that time-sharing and sectional regulation and control are realized; the combined heat release mode of the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network ensures that the heat release position is more reasonable, realizes the targeted heating of the root and canopy spaces of crops, and improves the utilization efficiency of the accumulated heat. The problem of insufficient heat storage of the system in a specific period such as a seedling stage of crops is solved pertinently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental control of facility agriculture engineering, and particularly relates to a ground auxiliary enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and a regulating and controlling method.
Background
Since the innovation is open, the economy continues to develop rapidly, the demand of people for planting products in facilities is greatly increased, and the greenhouse construction in China enters a period of rapid development. The sunlight greenhouse is a greenhouse form which is independently developed in China, and is characterized in that a transparent plastic film is used as a main light-transmitting covering material on a south roof, and east-west gable, north wall and north roof are heat-preservation and heat-storage structures. In the daytime, a part of solar energy entering the greenhouse through the light-transmitting surface is absorbed by the wall body and soil and stored; at night, as the indoor air temperature is reduced, when the indoor air temperature is lower than the wall surface and the soil temperature, the wall body and the soil gradually release heat stored in the daytime, so that the effect of maintaining the indoor air temperature constant is achieved.
According to incomplete statistics, the current sunlight greenhouse accounts for about one fourth of the total area of facility gardening, and most of the sunlight greenhouse is distributed in northern areas and is used for producing crops such as winter vegetables and flowers. Because it can fully utilize solar energy resources, compared with other greenhouses, has better self-heat preservation and heat storage and release performances, and rarely consumes fossil fuel, the current situation that vegetables cannot be produced for a long time in winter in northern China is solved with lower cost. The advantages of low cost and great benefit also drive the enthusiasm of farmers to produce, increase the income of the farmers, drive the development of the whole industry of facility agriculture and make outstanding contribution to the economic and social development of China.
However, in the use process of the sunlight greenhouse, a plurality of problems still exist, such as most of solar energy entering the greenhouse cannot be effectively utilized due to limited heat storage capacity of walls and floors, ventilation is often needed to relieve the indoor high temperature problem in the daytime, and on the other hand, although overwintering production under the condition of no heating can be realized in a plurality of northern areas, low temperature phenomenon is frequent; moreover, for thermal insulation requirements, the greenhouse is usually sealed at night, and the relative humidity is very high, sometimes close to 100%, due to the influence of low temperature, and the environment is easy to induce diseases, so that the plant growth and yield are affected.
In how to fully utilize solar energy and store surplus heat of a greenhouse in daytime for heating at night so as to improve the solar energy utilization efficiency of the greenhouse, ma Chengwei et al invent a roof truss solar heat collection type sunlight greenhouse, and a member heat collection and release system based on a roof truss pipe network is included. The system takes the greenhouse bearing roof truss as a water pipe, a water circulation loop is formed by the lower chord pipe, the upper chord pipe and the underground reservoir, solar radiation heat irradiated on the roof truss in daytime is brought to the underground water pool through the circulating flowing water and stored in the water, and the heat is released by the roof truss through the water which also circulates at night, so that the greenhouse heating effect is realized. Ma Chengwei, and the like, has obvious heat collecting and releasing effect, and is a very good design thought because the existing greenhouse roof truss is utilized, the investment cost is low, the normal lighting of the greenhouse is not influenced, the indoor planting space is not occupied, and the production management of the greenhouse is not influenced. However, in use, the system has two problems, namely, the number of greenhouse roof trusses is limited, and the heat collection amount is required to be increased in the daytime; secondly, the roof truss is positioned at the top of the greenhouse, the heat release position at night is too high, the heating effect on the canopy space of crops at the lower part of the greenhouse is not ideal, and the heat utilization efficiency is not high; thirdly, the upper chord of the roof truss is contacted with the film of the light-transmitting surface, and the light-transmitting surface is the place with the weakest heat preservation capacity at night, so that heat emitted by the upper chord of the roof truss can be caused, and a great part of heat is directly emitted to the outdoor through the roof, so that heat waste is caused.
In view of the above, the invention provides a technical improvement scheme and a corresponding regulation and control method for the problems of insufficient heat collecting area, overhigh heat releasing position, lower heat utilization efficiency and the like of the system, brings better effect to the technology, and really provides technical guarantee for solving the actual problems in production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and a regulating and controlling method, wherein the greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is formed by connecting a web member between an upper chord pipe and a lower chord pipe, the roof truss is fixed on east-west gable and north wall, the roof truss top surface and a south roof are covered by transparent plastic film light-transmitting materials to form a sunlight greenhouse, namely the greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
firstly, adding a ground pipe network system, an underground reservoir and a control system into a greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; the heat storage device can be used for heat storage in daytime and heat release at night at the same time;
secondly, dividing a greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system into three independent pipe network systems of a roof truss upper chord, a greenhouse roof truss lower chord and a ground pipe network, wherein each independent pipe network system is provided with an independent water pump and can independently operate to form a ground auxiliary enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; the function of winding the roof truss is adjusted to have the heat collecting function only; avoiding the heat loss easily through the roof.
The roof truss pipe network part consists of an upper chord pipe, a lower chord pipe, an upper chord water supply main pipe, a lower chord water supply main pipe, an upper chord water supply branch pipe, a lower chord water supply branch pipe, a roof truss backwater main pipe, an upper chord pipe network water pump, a lower chord pipe network water pump and corresponding independent control valves; the upper and lower chord tubes should be able to withstand the necessary pressure required for water circulation and the surface should be blackened to enhance the heat absorbing capacity, in addition to meeting structural requirements.
The ground pipe network part comprises a ground water supply main pipe, a backwater main pipe, a branch line between lines, a main pipe control valve, a branch pipe control valve and a water pump. The pipe is not specifically specified except the joint can bear the requirement of necessary water pressure;
the control system includes: control box, temperature and humidity measuring module, electromagnetic control valve and pipeline control valve
The heat collecting and releasing regulation method of the ground auxiliary enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is characterized in that the heat collecting and releasing system realizes time-sharing and sectional regulation and control, and the specific principle is as follows:
(1) In the low stage of crop plants such as seedling stage, the demand on the ambient temperature is higher, and in view of this, the daytime starts roof truss upper chord, lower chord and three pipe network systems on ground and collects heat simultaneously, and wherein, ground pipe network heat collection system mainly collects and accumulates the partial solar radiation that transmits subaerial into the pond, plays the effect of increasing the heat collection area, satisfies the demand in special period. At night, firstly starting a ground pipe network heat release system to realize root heating; the released heat is partially transmitted to the whole crop canopy gradually based on the hot air floating principle, and the other part of the released heat is in contact with the soil to directly heat the root soil and improve the root ring temperature environment, so that the whole heat is utilized and is not wasted; when the temperature is low and the heat release on the ground is insufficient, the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is started to participate in heat release, and the temperature near the growth point at the top of the crop canopy can be raised by the heat.
(2) During the period of growing up, the resistance of the crops to low-temperature environment is correspondingly enhanced. At the moment, the shielding of the tall plants on the ground reduces solar radiation received by the ground, so that heat collection in the daytime is mainly carried out through an upper chord pipe network and a lower chord pipe network of the roof truss; and the heat release at night is still carried out by taking the ground pipe network as priority, and under the condition of deficiency, the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is started again to participate in the heat release.
The ground pipe network enhances the heat collection capacity of the whole system, and solves the problem of insufficient heat storage of the system in a specific period such as a crop seedling period. The combined heat release mode of the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network ensures that the heat release position is more reasonable, realizes the targeted heating of the root and canopy spaces of crops, and improves the utilization efficiency of the accumulated heat.
The time-sharing sectional regulation and control: in the daytime heat storage stage, when the indoor air temperature is higher than the water temperature and the temperature difference is more than or equal to 2 ℃, under the conditions that crops are low and the ground can receive solar radiation, a control water pump of a ground pipe network, an upper chord pipe network and a lower chord pipe network of a roof truss is started, solar radiation heat irradiated to the ground pipe network, the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is collected and brought into an underground reservoir through the circulation flow of water in the pipe network, the water body is heated, and the heat is stored; when the difference between the indoor air temperature and the water temperature is less than 2 ℃, the operation of the heat collection system of the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is stopped; in the stage of heat release at night, when the indoor air temperature is lower than the set temperature and lower than the water temperature by 2 ℃, a ground pipe network control water pump is started firstly, warm water in a pool circulates in the ground pipe network, and heat is released to an area near the ground surface, namely the root of crops, through the ground pipe network; when the root soil and the air environment are heated, the upper canopy space is gradually heated due to the floating principle of the hot air; under extreme cold weather conditions, the indoor environment temperature is continuously reduced, when the ground heat dissipation system is insufficient to maintain the internal temperature of the greenhouse constant, the roof truss lower chord pipe network is started to control the water pump, heat is emitted into the room through the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network, and the temperature of the root of crops and the top of the canopy is improved. Because the space between the lower chord and the upper chord of the roof truss and the light-transmitting surface is more than 30cm, a part of heat is effectively prevented from being directly dissipated out of the roof, and the utilization efficiency of accumulated heat is improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention combines the roof truss pipe network system and the ground pipe network system, can collect solar radiation heat entering the greenhouse to a greater extent, and overcomes the problem of insufficient heat storage area in the prior art.
(2) The invention separately and independently controls the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss heat collection system, wherein the upper chord pipe network is only used as the heat collection system, and the lower chord pipe network is used as the heat collection and heat release system. The problem of heat loss caused by contact with the film of the light-transmitting surface when the winding pipe network is used as a heat release system is avoided.
(3) The added ground pipe network system has a heat storage function in daytime when the indoor temperature needs to be high, particularly in the short seedling stage of crops, and improves the heat storage capacity of the system in a specific period.
(4) The added ground pipe network system is positioned at the root of a cultivation intercropping plant, is started as a heat release system, can directly release the dissipated heat to the root of the crop, and partially heats the air at the root upwards and gradually heats the canopy space of the crop at the upper part due to the floating principle of the hot air; part of the heat is emitted into the soil due to contact with the ground, so that the temperature of the root soil is increased, and the utilization efficiency of the required heat is remarkably improved.
(5) The added ground pipe network system is combined with the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss, so that the heat storage and heat release functions are more definite in labor division, the heat release positions are more reasonable, the time-sharing sectional regulation and control can be realized, and the environmental requirements of different growth periods and different weather are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collection and release system;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collection and release system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a surface pipe network system. .
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1-winding tube; 2-lower chord tube; 3-an upper chord tube electromagnetic control valve; 4-a lower chord tube electromagnetic control valve; 5-a main water supply pipeline of the lower chord of the roof truss heat collection system; 6-roof truss pipe hose; 7-an electromagnetic control valve of a ground heat dissipation main pipe; 8-an electromagnetic control valve of a water supply main pipe of a lower chord of the roof truss; 9-a ground backwater main pipe; 10-ground branch pipes; 11-a ground water main pipe; 12-a ground pipe water return port; 13-a water return port of a roof truss pipe; 14-water pump (three groups); 15-a reservoir; 16-a control box; 17-a roof truss backwater main pipe; 18-an electromagnetic control valve of a water main pipe on the upper chord of the roof truss; 19-a roof truss heat collection system upper chord water supply main pipe; 20-a temperature and humidity monitoring module; 21-a water pressure and flow meter; 22-north wall; 23-heat preservation quilt;
Detailed Description
The invention provides a ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and a regulating and controlling method, wherein the greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is formed by connecting a web member between an upper chord pipe and a lower chord pipe, the roof truss is fixed on east-west gable and north wall, roof truss top surfaces and south side roofs are covered by transparent plastic film light-transmitting materials to form a sunlight greenhouse, namely the greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; the structure and operation of the ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collection and release system are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
the invention adds a ground inter-network system, an underground reservoir and a control system in a greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system. The ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is divided into three independent pipe network systems, namely a roof truss upper chord pipe network system, a roof truss lower chord pipe network system and a ground pipe network system, wherein each independent pipe network system is provided with an independent water pump and can independently operate; the heat collecting and releasing functions of the roof truss winding pipe network are changed from original functions of heat collecting and releasing to heat collecting functions, and the problems that the heat releasing position is too high and heat is easy to lose through a roof in the prior art are solved. The heat collection and release system mentioned in the roof truss solar heat collection type sunlight greenhouse is improved and perfected, the heat storage area is increased, the release mode is improved, and the greenhouse utilization efficiency of released heat is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a ground auxiliary enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system structure diagram; wherein roof truss upper chord, lower chord pipe network: the middle of the upper chord pipe 1 and the lower chord pipe 2 is connected by a web member to form a roof truss, the roof truss is fixed on east-west gable and north gable 22, the roof truss top surface and south roof are covered by transparent plastic film light-transmitting materials, and the upper chord pipe 1 and the lower chord pipe 2 near the ground sections are respectively connected with an upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 3 and a lower chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 4; the water supply main pipe 5 of the roof truss heat collection system is respectively connected with the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 3 and the lower chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 4 through a roof truss connecting hose 6; the roof truss water supply main pipe control valve 8 and the water pressure and flow integral meter 21 are connected between the lower chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 4 and the reservoir water pump 14; the roof truss upper chord water supply main pipe electromagnetic control valve 18 and the water pressure and flow integral meter 21 are connected between the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 3 and the reservoir water pump 14; the upper chord main water supply pipe 19 of the roof truss heat collection system is connected between the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve 3 and the reservoir water pump 14; a reservoir water pump 14; the roof truss backwater main pipe 17 is connected with the roof truss pipe backwater port 13 and is inserted into the reservoir 15; the control box 16 is fixed on a north wall 22, and a temperature and humidity monitoring module 20 of the control system is supported below the enhanced greenhouse roof truss; the heat preservation quilt 23 is fixed on the roof truss top surface.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3. The ground pipe network includes: the ground heat dissipation main pipe control valve 7 and the water pressure and flow rate integrated meter 21 are connected between the ground backwater main pipe 9 and the reservoir water pump 14; the ground branch pipe 10 connects the ground water main pipe 11 and the ground backwater main pipe 9 into a ground pipe network, and is inserted into the reservoir 15 through the ground pipe backwater port 12; the ground pipe network enhances the heat collection capacity of the whole system, and solves the problem of insufficient heat storage of the system in a specific period such as a crop seedling period. The combined heat release mode of the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network ensures that the heat release position is more reasonable, realizes the targeted heating of the root and canopy spaces of crops, and improves the utilization efficiency of the accumulated heat.
The upper chord pipe 1 and the lower chord pipe 2 are processed by a common steel water pipe. The roof truss lower chord water supply main pipe 5 is mainly responsible for delivering water into the lower chord pipe 2. The electromagnetic control valve 3 controls the switch of the winding pipe 1. The roof truss upper chord main water pipe 19 is mainly responsible for delivering water into the upper chord pipe 1. At the north wall 22, there is a roof truss backwater main pipe 17 responsible for circulating water in the roof truss upper chord pipe 1, lower chord pipe 2 to the reservoir 15. Under the condition that the control system enables the electromagnetic control valve of the roof truss pipe network to be in an open state and the water pump 14 of the water reservoir connected with the upper pipe, the lower pipe and the lower pipe of the roof truss to be connected, the water flow circulation of the roof truss is that the water reservoir 15, the water main pipe 8 for the lower chord of the roof truss, the water main pipe 19 for the upper chord of the roof truss, the water main pipe 2 for the lower chord of the roof truss, the water main pipe 17 for the return water of the roof truss and the water reservoir 15 are connected. When the control box 16 turns on the water storage pump 14 connected with the ground pipe network, the water flow of the ground pipe network circulates into the water storage tank 15, the ground water main pipe 11, the ground branch pipe 10, the ground water return main pipe 9 and the water storage tank 15.
The invention has no specific requirement on the materials and the sizes of other system components except the requirement on the materials of the roof truss pipe network, and can determine the length and the pipe diameter according to the requirement. And (3) carrying out black coating treatment on all the heat collecting pipelines or adopting surface black pipes so as to enhance the heat absorption effect. All pipes are not specifically defined except for the requirement that the joints be able to withstand the necessary water pressure.
The control system comprises: the device comprises a control box, a temperature and humidity measuring module, an electromagnetic control valve and a pipeline control valve.
The invention realizes the concrete principle of time-sharing and sectional regulation and control as follows:
(1) In the low stage of crop plants such as seedling stage, the demand on the ambient temperature is higher, and in view of this, the daytime starts roof truss upper chord, lower chord and three pipe network systems on ground and collects heat simultaneously, and wherein, ground pipe network heat collection system mainly collects and accumulates the partial solar radiation that transmits subaerial into the pond, plays the effect of increasing the heat collection area, satisfies the demand in special period. At night, firstly starting a ground pipe network heat release system to realize root heating; the released heat is partially transmitted to the whole crop canopy gradually based on the hot air floating principle, and the other part of the released heat is in contact with the soil to directly heat the root soil and improve the root ring temperature environment, so that the whole heat is utilized and is not wasted; when the temperature is low and the heat release on the ground is insufficient, the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is started to participate in heat release, and the temperature near the growth point at the top of the crop canopy can be raised by the heat. The heat storage device can be used for heat storage in daytime, solves the problem of insufficient heat storage area of crops such as seedlings in short period, can also be used for heat release at night, and solves the problems of overhigh heat release position and insufficient heat utilization;
(2) During the period of growing up, the resistance of the crops to low-temperature environment is correspondingly enhanced. At the moment, the shielding of the tall plants on the ground reduces solar radiation received by the ground, so that heat collection in the daytime is mainly carried out through an upper chord pipe network and a lower chord pipe network of the roof truss; and the heat release at night is still carried out by taking the ground pipe network as priority, and under the condition of deficiency, the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is started again to participate in the heat release.
In the actual operation, in the daytime heat storage stage, when the indoor air temperature is higher than the water temperature and the temperature difference is more than or equal to 2 ℃, a ground pipe network (under the conditions that crops are low and the ground can receive solar radiation) and a roof truss pipe network (comprising upper chords and lower chords) are started to control a water pump, solar radiation heat irradiated to the ground pipe network and the roof truss pipe network is collected and brought into an underground reservoir through the circulation flow of water in the pipe network, the water body is heated, and the heat is accumulated; when the difference between the indoor air temperature and the water temperature is less than 2 ℃, the operation of the roof truss heat collection system is stopped. In the stage of heat release at night, when the indoor air temperature is lower than the set temperature and lower than the water temperature by 2 ℃, a ground pipe network control water pump is started firstly, warm water in a pool circulates in the ground pipe network, and heat is released to an area near the ground surface, namely the root of crops, through the ground pipe network; when the root soil and the air environment are heated, the upper canopy space is gradually heated due to the floating principle of the hot air; under extreme cold weather conditions, the indoor environment temperature is continuously reduced, when the ground heat dissipation system is insufficient to maintain the internal temperature of the greenhouse constant, the roof truss lower chord pipe network is started to control the water pump, heat can be emitted into a room through the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network, and the temperature of the root of crops and the top of a canopy is improved. The spacing between the lower chord and the upper chord of the roof truss and the light-transmitting surface is more than 30cm, so that the problem that a part of heat is directly dissipated from the roof in the heat release mode of the upper chord pipe network in the prior art can be effectively avoided, and the utilization efficiency of accumulated heat can be improved.
The invention can adopt different regulation modes aiming at different crops and different stage growth of the crops, and has four regulation methods in total:
(1) heat collection (ground pipe network + roof truss upper and lower chord pipe network)/heat release (ground pipe network). The regulation and control mode has the advantage that solar energy irradiated to the ground is fully utilized. Is suitable for crops in the growth and seedling stage or in short plants. In the daytime, crops with short seedling stage or plants still can receive a large amount of sunlight by a greenhouse ground pavement, a ground pipe network positioned at the greenhouse ground pavement can absorb solar radiation heat, and the solar radiation heat is accumulated in a water pool through water circulation; the roof truss heat collection adopts a method of simultaneously supplying water by winding and winding, and solar energy absorbed by the roof truss heat collection is converted into internal energy through water circulation and accumulated in a water pool. At night, when the system detects that the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 10 ℃ and lower than the water temperature by 2 ℃, the ground pipe network system is started, and the heat accumulated in the water pool in the daytime is released to the vicinity of the ground of the greenhouse through water circulation, so that the heating effect is achieved.
(2) Heat collection (ground pipe network + roof truss upper and lower chord pipe network)/heat release (ground pipe network + roof truss lower chord pipe network). The regulation and control mode has the advantages that solar energy can be collected and stored to the greatest extent in the daytime, and accumulated heat can be released to the greatest extent in the greenhouse at night. The daytime heat collection mode is the same as that in (1); radiating at night, and detecting that the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 10 ℃ in the system; when the temperature of the water is lower than 2 ℃, a ground pipe network system is started, and heat accumulated in a pool in the daytime is released to the vicinity of the ground of the greenhouse through water circulation, so that a heating effect is achieved; when the ground heat dissipation system is not enough to maintain the temperature inside the greenhouse during operation, and when the system detects that the temperature inside the greenhouse is lower than 8 ℃, the roof truss heat dissipation system is started.
(3) Heat collection (roof truss upper and lower chord pipe network)/heat release (ground pipe network). The regulation mode is suitable for occasions with higher crop plants and relatively smaller indoor heating load at night. The high plants are easy to form shading effect, and the heat collection efficiency of the ground heat collection device is affected, so that only roof trusses are adopted for heat collection at the stage. The roof truss heat collecting mode is the same as that of the roof truss in the step (1), water is supplied to the upper and lower chord pipe networks in the daytime at the same time, heat is circularly stored, only the ground pipe network is adopted for heat dissipation at night, and the heat dissipation regulation and control mode is the same as that of the step (1), so that the method is suitable for seasons with higher crop plants and higher indoor temperature at night.
(4) Heat collection (roof truss upper and lower chord pipe network)/heat release (roof truss lower chord pipe network + ground pipe network). The regulation and control method is suitable for occasions with higher crop plants and relatively higher indoor heating load at night. The high plants are easy to form shading effect, and the heat collection efficiency of the ground heat collection device is affected, so that only roof trusses are adopted for heat collection at the stage. And (3) the mode of jointly starting the roof truss pipe network and the ground pipe network is adopted for night heat dissipation, and the regulation and control method is the same as that of (2).
Claims (5)
1. The greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is characterized in that a roof truss is formed by connecting a web member between an upper chord pipe and a lower chord pipe, the roof truss is fixed on east-west gable and north wall, and the roof truss top surface and a south roof are covered by transparent materials of transparent plastic films to form a sunlight greenhouse, namely the greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
firstly, adding a ground pipe network system, an underground reservoir and a control system into a greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; the heat storage device is used for heat storage in daytime and heat release at night;
secondly, dividing a greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system into three independent pipe network systems of a roof truss upper chord pipe network, a greenhouse lower chord pipe network and a greenhouse ground pipe network, wherein each independent pipe network system is provided with an independent water pump and can independently operate to form a ground auxiliary enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system; the function of winding the roof truss is adjusted to have the heat collecting function only; the heat is prevented from being easily lost through the roof;
the roof truss upper chord pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network consist of an upper chord pipe, a lower chord pipe, an upper chord water supply main pipe, a lower chord water supply main pipe, an upper chord water supply branch pipe, a lower chord water supply branch pipe, a roof truss backwater main pipe, a reservoir water pump connected with the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network and corresponding independent control valves; wherein the roof truss upper chord and lower chord pipe networks are formed by: the middle of the upper chord tube (1) and the lower chord tube (2) is connected by a web member to form a roof truss, the roof truss is fixed on east-west gable and north wall (22), and the roof truss top surface and south roof are covered by transparent plastic film light-transmitting materials; the sections, close to the ground, of the upper chord tube (1) and the lower chord tube (2) are respectively connected with an upper chord tube electromagnetic control valve (3) and a lower chord tube electromagnetic control valve (4); the water supply main pipe (5) of the roof truss heat collection system is respectively connected with the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (3) and the lower chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (4); the roof truss water supply main pipe is respectively connected with the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (3) and the lower chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (4) through a roof truss connecting hose (6); the roof truss water supply main pipe control valve (8) and the water pressure and flow integral meter (21) are connected between the lower chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (4) and the reservoir water pump (14); the roof truss upper chord water supply main pipe electromagnetic control valve (18) and the water pressure and flow integrated meter (21) are connected between the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (3) and the reservoir water pump (14); the upper chord main water supply pipe (19) of the roof truss heat collection system is connected between the upper chord pipe electromagnetic control valve (3) and the reservoir water pump (14); a reservoir water pump (14); the roof truss backwater main pipe (17) is connected with the roof truss pipe backwater port (13) and is inserted into the reservoir (15); the control box (16) is fixed on the north wall (22), and the temperature and humidity monitoring module (20) of the control system is supported below the reinforced greenhouse roof truss; the heat preservation quilt (23) is fixed on the top surface of the roof truss; the upper and lower chord tubes should be able to withstand the necessary pressure required for water circulation and the surface should be blackened to enhance the heat absorbing capacity, in addition to meeting structural requirements.
2. The ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collection and release system of claim 1, wherein the ground pipe network system comprises a ground water main, a water return main, an inter-row branch pipe, a main control valve, a branch pipe control valve and a water pump; the ground heat dissipation main pipe control valve (7) and the water pressure and flow rate integrated meter (21) are connected between the ground backwater main pipe (9) and the reservoir water pump (14); the ground branch pipe (10) connects the ground water main pipe (11) and the ground backwater main pipe (9) into a ground pipe network, and the ground pipe network is inserted into the reservoir (15) through the ground pipe backwater port (12); the ground pipe network enhances the heat collection capacity of the whole system, and the pipe can bear the requirement of necessary water pressure except the joint.
3. The ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collection and release system of claim 1, wherein the control system comprises: the device comprises a control box, a temperature and humidity measuring module, an electromagnetic control valve and a pipeline control valve.
4. The heat collecting and controlling method of the ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system is characterized in that the heat collecting and releasing system realizes time-sharing and sectional control, and the specific principle is as follows:
(1) In the low stage of seedling crop plants, the demand on the temperature of the surrounding environment is higher, in view of the fact, the three pipe network systems of the roof truss winding up and winding down and the ground are started in daytime to collect heat simultaneously, wherein the ground pipe network heat collection system mainly collects and accumulates part of solar radiation transmitted to the ground into a water pool, the effect of increasing the heat collection area is achieved, the demand in a special period is met, and at night, the ground pipe network heat release system is started at first to realize root heating; the released heat is partially transmitted to the whole crop canopy gradually based on the hot air floating principle, and the other part of the released heat is in contact with the soil to directly heat the root soil and improve the root ring temperature environment, so that the whole heat is utilized and is not wasted; when the temperature is low and the heat release on the ground is insufficient, the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is started to participate in heat release, and the temperature near the growth point at the top of the crop canopy can be raised by the heat;
(2) In the growing period of crops, the resistance of the crops to the low-temperature environment is correspondingly enhanced, and the solar radiation received by the ground is reduced due to the shielding of the tall plants on the ground, so that the heat collection is mainly carried out through the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss in the daytime; the heat release at night is still carried out by taking the ground pipe network as priority, and under the condition of deficiency, the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is started again to participate in the heat release;
the ground pipe network in the ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system enhances the heat collecting capacity of the whole system, and the problem of insufficient heat storage of the system in a specific period of crop seedling stage is solved pertinently; the combined heat release mode of the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network ensures that the heat release position is more reasonable, realizes the targeted heating of the root and canopy spaces of crops, and improves the utilization efficiency of the accumulated heat.
5. The heat collecting and controlling method of the ground-assisted enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and controlling system according to claim 4, wherein the time-sharing sectional control is as follows: in the daytime heat storage stage, when the indoor air temperature is higher than the water temperature and the temperature difference is more than or equal to 2 ℃, under the conditions that crops are low and the ground can receive solar radiation, a control water pump of a ground pipe network, an upper chord pipe network and a lower chord pipe network of a roof truss is started, solar radiation heat irradiated to the ground pipe network, the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is collected and brought into an underground reservoir through the circulation flow of water in the pipe network, the water body is heated, and the heat is stored; when the difference between the indoor air temperature and the water temperature is less than 2 ℃, the operation of the heat collection system of the upper chord pipe network and the lower chord pipe network of the roof truss is stopped; in the stage of heat release at night, when the indoor air temperature is lower than the set temperature and lower than the water temperature by 2 ℃, a ground pipe network control water pump is started firstly, warm water in a pool circulates in the ground pipe network, and heat is released to an area near the ground surface, namely the root of crops, through the ground pipe network; when the root soil and the air environment are heated, the upper canopy space is gradually heated due to the floating principle of the hot air; under extreme cold weather conditions, indoor environment temperature continuously reduces, when a ground heat dissipation system is insufficient to maintain the internal temperature of a greenhouse constant, a roof truss lower chord pipe network is started to control a water pump, heat is emitted into a room through the ground pipe network and the roof truss lower chord pipe network, the temperature of the root parts and the top parts of crowns of crops is improved, and as the space between the roof truss lower chord and the upper chord and the light-transmitting surface is more than 30cm, a part of heat is effectively prevented from being directly dissipated out of the roof, and the utilization efficiency of accumulated heat is improved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910125867.2A CN109601207B (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | Ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and regulation and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910125867.2A CN109601207B (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | Ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and regulation and control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109601207A CN109601207A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
| CN109601207B true CN109601207B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
Family
ID=66022091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910125867.2A Active CN109601207B (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | Ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and regulation and control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109601207B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111309072B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | 中国农业大学 | Sunlight greenhouse temperature control method based on surface cooler-fan |
| CN114097485B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-09-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Heat collecting and shading system of multi-span greenhouse |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH085161A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1996-01-12 | O M Kenkyusho:Kk | Solar system house |
| CN101518197A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-02 | 南通大学 | Intelligent control plastic tent |
| CN102715040A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-10 | 北京中农富通园艺有限公司 | Roof truss solar-collected type solar greenhouse |
| CN104488601A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-08 | 衢州市煜鑫农产品加工技术开发有限公司 | Framework of agricultural greenhouse, with function of heat storage |
| CN107750763A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-06 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of temperature-increasing system of heliogreenhouse |
| CN209676970U (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-11-26 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar energy collection thermal desorption system of ground auxiliary |
-
2019
- 2019-02-20 CN CN201910125867.2A patent/CN109601207B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH085161A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1996-01-12 | O M Kenkyusho:Kk | Solar system house |
| CN101518197A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-02 | 南通大学 | Intelligent control plastic tent |
| CN102715040A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-10 | 北京中农富通园艺有限公司 | Roof truss solar-collected type solar greenhouse |
| CN104488601A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-08 | 衢州市煜鑫农产品加工技术开发有限公司 | Framework of agricultural greenhouse, with function of heat storage |
| CN107750763A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-06 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of temperature-increasing system of heliogreenhouse |
| CN209676970U (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-11-26 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar energy collection thermal desorption system of ground auxiliary |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109601207A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110178601B (en) | Intelligent greenhouse for heat collection and water-air membrane heat exchange by utilizing greenhouse effect and environment control method | |
| CN104719043B (en) | A kind of phase-transition heat-storage is nursed young plants in hothouses device | |
| CN203597196U (en) | Ecological energy-saving building roof greening application system | |
| CN110178600B (en) | Intelligent greenhouse for heat collection by greenhouse effect and heat exchange of fan coil and environment control method | |
| CN110268882A (en) | Novel agricultural Greenhouse System and solar energy accumulation energy supplying system | |
| CN103430795A (en) | Facility agriculture heat pump system | |
| CN104472335A (en) | Greenhouse type plant factory system for flower production | |
| CN206061687U (en) | A kind of greenhouse of active control soil air humiture | |
| CN102715040A (en) | Roof truss solar-collected type solar greenhouse | |
| CN109601207B (en) | Ground auxiliary enhancement type greenhouse roof truss solar heat collecting and releasing system and regulation and control method | |
| CN108360761A (en) | A kind of roof planting method of rainwater utilization and the water-saving control root of off-load | |
| CN101642045B (en) | Greening soilless lawn for roof surface, production method and using method thereof | |
| Hassabou et al. | Towards autonomous solar driven agricultural greenhouses in qatar-integration with solar cooling | |
| CN206698929U (en) | Solar energy heating greenhouse | |
| CN210491885U (en) | Water modular active heat storage sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN112997755A (en) | Active solar glass greenhouse based on intelligent temperature control of natural energy and operation mode | |
| CN103947480A (en) | Assembled double-roof energy-saving daylight greenhouse | |
| CN204616559U (en) | solar plant greenhouse | |
| CN209676970U (en) | A kind of enhanced greenhouse roof truss solar energy collection thermal desorption system of ground auxiliary | |
| CN215484136U (en) | Composite roof heat insulation system for green building | |
| CN204047369U (en) | A kind of high and cold energy saving greenhouse | |
| CN104082071B (en) | A kind of high and cold energy saving greenhouse | |
| CN204499002U (en) | A kind of greenhouse type plant factor system for the production of flowers and plants | |
| CN210017174U (en) | Solar heat collection and release system for greenhouse | |
| CN208047448U (en) | A kind of tree planting survival device being applicable in drain structure of trembling with fear in year short of rain |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |