CN114097485B - Heat collecting and shading system of multi-span greenhouse - Google Patents
Heat collecting and shading system of multi-span greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN114097485B CN114097485B CN202111515729.9A CN202111515729A CN114097485B CN 114097485 B CN114097485 B CN 114097485B CN 202111515729 A CN202111515729 A CN 202111515729A CN 114097485 B CN114097485 B CN 114097485B
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- heat
- heat collecting
- lens
- rope winding
- heat storage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-span greenhouses, and provides a heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, which comprises the following components: the light condensing system comprises a lens, a heat collecting device and a driving mechanism, wherein the lens is positioned above the heat collecting device, the heat collecting device is positioned above a plant growing area, and the driving mechanism is connected with the lens and/or the heat collecting device so as to drive the lens and/or the heat collecting device to move, so that sunlight passes through the lens and is focused on the heat collecting device, or sunlight passes through the lens in parallel and irradiates on the plant growing area; the heat release system comprises a heat release device and a heat storage device, wherein a heat storage medium is arranged in the heat storage device, the heat storage device is respectively connected with the heat release device and the heat collection device, and the heat release device is positioned in a plant planting area. The heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse provided by the invention realizes the balance of light and temperature in all days and meets the growth requirement of light and temperature of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-span greenhouses, in particular to a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse.
Background
The multi-span greenhouse is a large modern agricultural facility for cultivating crops, and solar energy is a main energy source of the multi-span greenhouse, and is one of essential elements for photosynthesis of crops while providing heat energy for the greenhouse.
Because the intensity of solar radiation on the whole day changes, the phenomenon of uneven light temperature distribution on the whole day exists in the multi-span greenhouse, the room temperature is too high in the midday daytime, the solar radiation intensity exceeds the light saturation point of crops, the indoor temperature and the illumination intensity are required to be reduced by adopting cooling measures, the illumination intensity is weakened in the morning and the evening, the crop growth can still be maintained, and the indoor temperature is reduced rapidly at night due to the lack of illumination sources, so that the room temperature is often required to be increased by adopting heating equipment to ensure the crop growth.
In the prior art, aiming at the problem of high-temperature strong light in noon of a multi-span greenhouse, measures such as window ventilation, wet curtain fans, sunshade net laying and the like are adopted to reduce indoor illumination intensity and indoor temperature; aiming at the problem of low temperature at night of the multi-span greenhouse, the traditional method usually adopts a coal heating or natural gas heating mode, but is limited by factors such as environmental pollution and regions, and the fuel oil heating and electric heating modes are difficult to apply due to high cost. Obviously, the existing method only aims at the single problem of high-temperature strong light at noon or low temperature at night of the multi-span greenhouse, and the phenomenon of unbalanced light temperature all the day of the multi-span greenhouse cannot be comprehensively considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat collecting and radiating and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse, which is used for solving the defect of unbalanced light and temperature all day in the multi-span greenhouse in the prior art and realizing the requirement of light and temperature growth of plants.
The invention provides a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse, which comprises the following components:
the light condensing system comprises a lens, a heat collecting device and a driving mechanism, wherein the lens is positioned above the heat collecting device, the heat collecting device is positioned above a plant growing area, and the driving mechanism is connected with the lens and/or the heat collecting device so as to drive the lens and/or the heat collecting device to move, so that sunlight passes through the lens and is focused on the heat collecting device, or sunlight passes through the lens in parallel and irradiates on the plant growing area;
the heat release system comprises a heat release device and a heat storage device, wherein a heat storage medium is arranged in the heat storage device, the heat storage device is respectively connected with the heat release device and the heat collection device, and the heat release device is positioned in a plant planting area.
According to the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the driving mechanism comprises a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism comprises a first lifting device and a second lifting device, the first lifting device comprises a first motor and a first rotating shaft, the first motor is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the first motor is connected with the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, a first rope winding wheel is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a first rope winding wheel is arranged on the first rope winding wheel, and the end part of the first rope winding wheel is connected with one side of the lens; the second lifting device comprises a second motor and a second rotating shaft, the second motor is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the second motor is connected with the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, a second rope winding wheel is arranged on the second rotating shaft, a second rope winding wheel is arranged on the second rope winding wheel, and the end part of the second rope winding wheel is connected with the other side of the lens.
According to the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the number of the first rotating shafts is multiple, the first rotating shafts are provided with first synchronous teeth, the first synchronous teeth of the first rotating shafts are connected through first gear chains, and the first winding ropes on the first rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and connected with one side of the lens; the number of the second rotating shafts is multiple, second synchronous teeth are arranged on the second rotating shafts, the second synchronous teeth of the second rotating shafts are connected through a second gear chain, and the second winding ropes on the second rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and connected with the other side of the lens.
According to the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the driving mechanism further comprises a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises a lifting device, a translation device and a heat collecting pipe frame, the heat collecting device is movably arranged on the heat collecting pipe frame, the lifting device comprises a third motor and a third rotating shaft, the third motor is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse and is connected with the third rotating shaft, the third rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, two third rope winding wheels which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the third rotating shaft, third rope winding wheels are arranged on the third rope winding wheels, and the third rope winding wheels of the two third rope winding wheels are respectively connected with two sides of the heat collecting pipe frame; the translation device comprises a fourth motor and a translation rod, wherein the fourth motor is fixed on the heat collecting pipe frame, the translation rod is connected with the heat collecting device, a rotating shaft of the fourth motor is connected with a transmission gear, and the fourth motor is meshed with a rack at the end part of the translation rod through the transmission gear.
According to the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the lifting device further comprises four fixed pulleys, the four fixed pulleys are fixed in the multi-span greenhouse, each two fixed pulleys are respectively arranged on two sides of one third rope winding wheel, the third rope winding wheel of the third rope winding wheel bypasses one fixed pulley from the upper side of the third rope winding wheel to be connected with one side of the heat collecting pipe frame, and the third rope winding wheel of the third rope winding wheel bypasses the other fixed pulley from the lower side of the third rope winding wheel to be connected with the other side of the heat collecting pipe frame.
According to the heat collecting and radiating and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the heat storage device is a heat storage tank, the heat collecting device is a heat collecting pipe, one end of the heat collecting pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a first liquid supply pipe, the other end of the heat collecting pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a first liquid return pipe, a heat collecting liquid pump is arranged in the heat storage tank, and the first liquid supply pipe is connected with the heat collecting liquid pump.
According to the heat collecting and radiating and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the heat storage device is a heat storage tank, the heat release device is a heat release pipe, one end of the heat release pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a second liquid supply pipe, the other end of the heat release pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a second liquid return pipe, the heat storage tank is internally provided with a heat release liquid pump, and the second liquid supply pipe is connected with the heat release liquid pump.
According to the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the heat releasing device is arranged in root soil of plants in the plant planting area, and/or the heat releasing device is arranged in a canopy area of the plants in the plant planting area.
According to the heat collecting and radiating and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the heat collecting device is a hollow double-layer transparent tube, and a heat storage medium which transmits visible light and absorbs near infrared light is arranged in the heat storage device.
According to the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, the heat storage device is buried under the ground surface.
According to the heat collection and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse, provided by the invention, in the periods of strong illumination and high air temperature before and after noon or noon, the lenses and/or the heat collection device can move to focus sunlight to the state of the heat collection device, the illumination environment is improved, the indoor high temperature is reduced, after the heat collection device collects heat, the heat can be stored in the heat storage device, in the periods of weak illumination and low air temperature in the morning and evening, the lenses can move to be parallel to sunlight, so that the sunlight irradiates a plant planting area, the light temperature requirement of normal growth of plants is ensured, in the periods of no illumination and low air temperature in the evening, the heat stored by the heat storage device can be released to the plant planting area through the heat release device, and the temperature requirement of normal growth of plants is ensured, so that the balance of light temperature in the whole day is realized, and the light temperature requirement of plant growth is met. In addition, the lens adopted by the invention can reduce the deposition of dust on the surface, and can realize the miniaturization of the heat collecting device and the uniformity of indoor illumination.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of states of various periods of the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic forward view of a first driving mechanism of the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a first driving mechanism of the heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic forward view of a lifting device of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic side view of a lifting device of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic forward view of a translation device of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a translation device of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a heat collecting device of a heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse provided by the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of an arrangement structure of a heat collecting device of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an exothermic system of a heat collecting and shielding system of a multi-span greenhouse according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a heat collecting device of a heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an exothermic system of a heat collecting and shielding system of a multi-span greenhouse according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals:
100: a condensing system; 200: an exothermic system; 10: a lens;
11: a connecting rod; 20: a heat collecting device; 31: a first lifting device;
311: a first motor; 312: a first rotation shaft; 313: a first sheave;
32: a second lifting device; 321: a second motor; 322: a second rotation shaft;
323: a second rope winding wheel; 33: a lifting device; 331: a third motor;
332: a third rotation shaft; 333: a third sheave; 34: a translation device;
341: a fourth motor; 342: a translation rod; 35: a heat collecting pipe frame;
40: a heat storage device; 41: a heat collecting liquid pump; 42: an exothermic liquid pump;
50: and an exothermic assembly.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The multi-span greenhouse is a large greenhouse with a plurality of single greenhouses connected, and the top and the side walls of the greenhouse are made of transparent materials, so that solar energy can enter the greenhouse to enable crops planted in the greenhouse to perform photosynthesis, and the greenhouse is kept at room temperature to ensure normal growth of the crops.
The heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 14.
Referring to fig. 1 to 14 in combination, in an embodiment of the present invention, a heat collecting and shading system for a multi-span greenhouse includes:
a condensing system 100, wherein the condensing system 100 comprises a lens 10, a heat collecting device 20 and a driving mechanism, the lens 10 is positioned above the heat collecting device 20, the heat collecting device 20 is positioned above a plant growing area, and the driving mechanism is connected with the lens 10 and/or the heat collecting device 20 to drive the lens 10 and/or the heat collecting device 20 to move so as to enable sunlight to pass through the lens 10 and focus on the heat collecting device 20 or enable sunlight to pass through the lens 10 in parallel and irradiate the plant growing area;
the heat release system 200, the heat release system 200 comprises a heat release device 50 and a heat storage device 40, a heat storage medium is arranged in the heat storage device 40, the heat storage device 40 is respectively connected with the heat release device 50 and the heat collection device 20, and the heat release device 50 is positioned in a plant growing area.
In the above structure, the driving mechanism is disposed on the upright posts of the multi-span greenhouse to realize stable driving, and simultaneously serves as a supporting structure of the lens 10 and the heat collecting device 20, under the action of the driving mechanism, the lens 10 can be perpendicular to the sun rays and focus the sun rays to the heat collecting device 20, or the sun rays are parallel to the lens 10 and direct to the plant growing area, and different movements are performed in different time periods.
In addition, the heat collecting device 20 can conduct the collected heat to the heat accumulating device 40 for storage, and the heat releasing device 50 can be used for raising the temperature of the plant growing area when needed, so that the plant growth is ensured.
In this embodiment, during the period of strong illumination and high temperature such as the noon or the beginning and end of the noon, the lens 10 and/or the heat collecting device 20 can move to focus sunlight to the state of the heat collecting device 20, improving the illumination environment and reducing the indoor high temperature, after the heat collecting device 20 collects heat, the heat can be stored in the heat accumulating device 40, and during the period of weak illumination and low temperature such as the morning and evening, the lens 10 can move to be parallel to the sunlight, so that the sunlight irradiates the plant growing area, the light temperature requirement of normal growth of plants is ensured, during the period of no illumination and low temperature such as the evening, the heat stored in the heat accumulating device 40 can be released to the plant growing area through the heat releasing device 50, and the temperature requirement of normal growth of plants is ensured, thereby realizing the balance of light temperature in the whole day and meeting the light temperature requirement of plant growth.
In addition, since the lens 10 is located in the multi-span greenhouse, deposition of dust on the surface of the lens 10 can be reduced, and simultaneously miniaturization of the heat collecting device 20 and uniformity of indoor illumination can be achieved.
Generally, the movement of the lens 10 and/or the heat collecting device 20 and the operation of the heat emitting device 50 can be automatically driven by the driving mechanism by presetting various different time periods, so that the light and temperature regulation of the multi-span greenhouse on a whole day is realized. In other embodiments, the adjustment may be performed manually, which is not described in detail.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the lens 10 is a curved fresnel lens, so that sunlight can be better focused on the heat collecting device 20, and when the sunlight needs to be blocked and heat is collected, the lens 10 moves to be perpendicular to the incident light, so as to better absorb near infrared light for heat collection, and diffuse and transmit visible light to a plant growing area. Of course, in other embodiments, the lens 10 may also be a planar fresnel lens or other condensing lens.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4 in combination, in an embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism includes a first lifting device 31 and a second lifting device 32, the first lifting device 31 includes a first motor 311 and a first rotating shaft 312, the first motor 311 is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the first motor 311 is connected with the first rotating shaft 312, the first rotating shaft 312 is rotatably disposed in the multi-span greenhouse, a first rope winding wheel 313 is disposed on the first rotating shaft 312, a first rope winding wheel 313 is disposed on the first rope winding wheel, and an end portion of the first rope winding wheel is connected with one side of the lens 10; the second lifting device 32 comprises a second motor 321 and a second rotating shaft 322, the second motor 321 is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the second motor 321 is connected with the second rotating shaft 322, the second rotating shaft 322 is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, a second rope winding wheel 323 is arranged on the second rotating shaft 322, a second rope winding wheel 323 is provided with a second rope winding, and the end part of the second rope winding wheel is connected with the other side of the lens 10.
In the above structure, the first motor 311 and the second motor 321 are fixed on the upright posts of the multi-span greenhouse, and the first rotation shaft 312 and the second rotation shaft 322 are rotatably provided on the fixing rods extending downwards from the cross beams of the multi-span greenhouse, and in this embodiment, a plurality of fixing rods may be provided to stably support the first rotation shaft 312 and the second rotation shaft 322. The first rotation shaft 312 rotates to drive the first rope winding wheel 313 to rotate so as to shrink or stretch the first rope, and the second rotation shaft 322 rotates to drive the second rope winding wheel 323 to rotate so as to shrink or stretch the second rope, so that the first lifting device 31 and the second lifting device 32 can be matched to adjust the orientation inclination angle of the lens 10 so as to realize shading or enable sunlight to pass through in parallel. Of course, in other embodiments, the first lifting device 31 or the second lifting device 32 may also be a telescopic motor disposed above the lens 10.
Next to the first driving mechanism provided in this embodiment, the number of the first rotating shafts 312 is plural, the first rotating shafts 312 are provided with first synchronizing teeth, the first synchronizing teeth of the plurality of first rotating shafts 312 are connected by a first gear chain, and the first winding ropes on the plurality of first rotating shafts 312 are arranged in parallel and connected to one side of the lens 10; the number of the second rotating shafts 322 is plural, the second rotating shafts 322 are provided with second synchronizing teeth, the second synchronizing teeth of the plurality of second rotating shafts 322 are connected through a second gear chain, and the second winding ropes on the plurality of second rotating shafts 322 are arranged in parallel and are connected with the other side of the lens 10.
The first rotating shafts 312 can be driven to rotate simultaneously by a first motor 311, and the second rotating shafts 322 can be driven to rotate simultaneously by a second motor 321, so as to realize the overall stable lifting of the two sides of the lens 10. In this embodiment, the number of the first rotation shafts 312 and the number of the second rotation shafts 322 may be determined according to the length of the multi-span greenhouse and the length of the lenses 10 for shielding sunlight, and will not be described in detail. Of course, in other embodiments, the plurality of first rotating shafts 312 may be driven to rotate by the plurality of first motors 311, respectively.
Referring to fig. 5 to 8 in combination, in addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism further includes a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism includes a lifting device 33, a translation device 34, and a heat collecting tube frame 35, the heat collecting device 20 is movably disposed on the heat collecting tube frame 35, the lifting device 33 includes a third motor 331 and a third rotating shaft 332, the third motor 331 is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the third motor 331 is connected with the third rotating shaft 332, the third rotating shaft 332 is rotatably disposed in the multi-span greenhouse, two third winding sheaves 333 disposed at intervals are disposed on the third rotating shaft 332, third winding ropes are disposed on the third winding sheaves 333, and the third winding ropes of the two third winding sheaves 333 are respectively connected with two sides of the heat collecting tube frame 35; the translation device 34 comprises a fourth motor 341 and a translation rod 342, the fourth motor 341 is fixed on the heat collecting pipe frame 35, the translation rod 342 is connected with the heat collecting device 20, a rotating shaft of the fourth motor 341 is connected with a transmission gear, and the fourth motor 341 is meshed with a rack at the end part of the translation rod 342 through the transmission gear. Of course, in other embodiments, the fourth motor 341 may be provided on the upright of the multi-span greenhouse, and may be moved up and down along the upright by a pulley, so as to be moved synchronously while the heat collecting pipe frame 35 is lifted and lowered.
In the above structure, the third motor 331 is fixed on the upright post of the multi-span greenhouse, one end of the third rotating shaft 332 is rotatably arranged on the fixed rod extending from the upright post at the other side, and when the third rotating shaft 332 rotates, the two third rope winding wheels 333 are driven to rotate so as to synchronously drive the two sides of the heat collecting pipe frame 35 to move, thereby realizing the integral lifting of the heat collecting device 20; and, through the rotation of the fourth motor 341, the translation rod 342 can be driven to horizontally move, so as to realize the translation of the heat collecting device 20 relative to the heat collecting pipe frame 35. In this way, the position of the heat collecting device 20 can be further adjusted by the translation device 34 and the lifting device 33 so that the sunlight is focused on the heat collecting device 20.
In addition, the lifting device 33 further includes four fixed pulleys, the four fixed pulleys are fixed in the multi-span greenhouse, each two fixed pulleys are respectively disposed at two sides of the third winding pulley 333, a third winding rope of the third winding pulley 333 bypasses one fixed pulley from the upper side of the third winding pulley 333 and is connected with one side of the heat collecting pipe frame 35, and a third winding rope of the third winding pulley 333 bypasses the other fixed pulley from the lower side of the third winding pulley 333 and is connected with the other side of the heat collecting pipe frame 35.
That is, the third winding ropes at both sides of each third winding wheel 333 are respectively connected with the third winding wheel 333 in clockwise and counterclockwise directions by bypassing the two fixed pulleys, so that the plurality of third winding ropes are respectively connected with four corners of the heat collecting pipe frame 35 to realize the stable lifting or lowering of the whole heat collecting pipe frame 35 through the third rotating shaft 332.
Further, in this embodiment, the number of the lenses 10 is plural, the number of the heat collecting devices 20 is plural, the plural lenses 10 and the plural heat collecting devices 20 are in one-to-one correspondence, the plural lenses 10 and the plural heat collecting devices 20 are all arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first rotation axis 312, the plural lenses 10 can be moved simultaneously by the same first driving mechanism, the plural heat collecting devices 20 are connected by the translation rod 342, and the plural heat collecting devices 20 can be moved simultaneously by the same second driving mechanism, and in order to ensure the whole translation of the heat collecting devices 20, in this embodiment, the heat collecting devices 20 are heat collecting tubes, two ends of one heat collecting tube are provided with rotatable translation gears, two ends of the heat collecting tube frame 35 are respectively provided with a moving hole, and the upper side or the lower side of the moving hole is provided with a translation rack, the translation gear is meshed with the translation rack so as to stably push the plural heat collecting devices 20 to move by the translation rod 342.
Referring to fig. 12 in combination, in another embodiment, the second driving mechanism may be omitted, the heat collecting device 20 is disposed at the focal position of the lens 10, and two sides of the lens 10 are directly connected to the heat collecting device 20 through the connecting rod 11.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first rotation axis 312, the second rotation axis 322, the third rotation axis 332 and the translation rod 342 are all disposed in the north-south direction, so that a sufficient space area is ensured to realize the light condensation and heat collection of the lens 10. Of course, in other embodiments, the orientation of the lens 10 may be set according to specific geographic locations and requirements, which will not be described in detail.
Referring to fig. 10 and 13 in combination, in an embodiment of the invention, the heat storage device 40 is a heat storage tank, the heat collection device 20 is a heat collection tube, one end of the heat collection tube is communicated with the heat storage tank through a first liquid supply tube, the other end of the heat collection tube is communicated with the heat storage tank through a first liquid return tube, a heat collection liquid pump 41 is arranged in the heat storage tank, and the first liquid supply tube is connected with the heat collection liquid pump 41.
The heat storage medium is controlled to enter the heat collection tube from the heat storage pool by controlling the heat collection liquid pump 41, so that near infrared light can be absorbed and converted into heat energy, and the heat energy is returned into the heat storage pool to realize heat storage for other needed time periods. In the embodiment, when a plurality of heat collecting pipes are arranged, the plurality of heat collecting pipes can be arranged in the same way and are respectively communicated with the heat storage tank through the first liquid supply pipe and the first liquid return pipe; of course, a series arrangement can also be adopted, a plurality of heat collecting pipes are communicated end to end, the heat collecting pipe at the head end is communicated with the heat storage tank through the first liquid supply pipe, and the heat collecting pipe at the tail end is communicated with the heat storage tank through the first liquid return pipe, or the heat collecting pipes penetrate into each heat collecting pipe in sequence to realize series connection.
Referring to fig. 11 and 14 in combination, in addition, the heat storage device 40 is a heat storage tank, the heat release device 50 is a heat release pipe, one end of the heat release pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a second liquid supply pipe, the other end of the heat release pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a second liquid return pipe, an heat release liquid pump 42 is arranged in the heat storage tank, and the second liquid supply pipe is connected with the heat release liquid pump 42.
By controlling the heat release liquid pump 42 to enable the heat storage medium to enter the heat release pipe from the heat storage pool, heat can be released in a required period, and the temperature in the multi-span greenhouse can be ensured. In this embodiment, a plurality of heat pipes may be disposed, and when a plurality of heat pipes are disposed, the plurality of heat pipes are disposed in the same-program manner and are respectively communicated with the heat storage tank through the second liquid supply pipe and the second liquid return pipe.
Referring to fig. 11 and 14 in combination, in addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-releasing device 50 is disposed in root soil of plants in the plant growing area, and/or the heat-releasing device 50 is disposed in a canopy area of plants in the plant growing area.
The heat release device 50 can heat the root of the plant when being arranged in the root soil of the plant, and can heat the canopy area when being arranged in the canopy area, so as to meet different heating requirements and ensure the temperature requirement of night growth of the plant.
Referring to fig. 9 in combination, in the present embodiment, the heat collecting device 20 is a hollow double-layer transparent tube, and the heat accumulating device 40 has a heat accumulating medium that transmits visible light and absorbs near infrared light.
In this way, in the heat collecting process of the heat collecting device 20, sunlight is focused on the heat collecting device 20, the heat storage medium can absorb near infrared rays to store heat energy, and visible rays can scatter and penetrate through the heat collecting device 20 to meet the plant growth requirement.
Further, the heat storage device 40 is buried under the ground.
The heat storage device 40 is buried under the ground surface, and the heat insulation layer is arranged outside the heat storage device 40, so that the heat of the heat storage medium in the heat storage device 40 is not easy to lose, and the heat release is convenient when needed.
In the present embodiment, the heat collecting device 20 is a heat collecting tube and the heat releasing device 50 is a heat releasing tube, so that heat is collected by focusing sunlight and heat release in a desired plant growing area is facilitated. Of course, the heat collecting device 20 and the heat releasing device 50 may be not limited to tubular structures, and will not be described in detail.
Based on the above embodiments, the present invention provides two specific embodiments, please refer to fig. 1 to 11 in combination, in the first embodiment:
the lens 10 adopts a curved Fresnel lens, the lens 10 is driven by a first driving mechanism, and the heat collecting device 20 is driven by a second driving mechanism, so that sunlight passes through the lens 10 and is focused on the heat collecting device 20, or the sunlight passes through the lens 10 in parallel and irradiates on a plant planting area.
The heat collecting device 20 is a heat collecting tube, a plurality of heat collecting tubes are arranged in the same way, the heat releasing device 50 is a heat releasing tube, and the heat releasing tube is arranged in root soil of plants.
The operation mode of the embodiment is as follows: in the noon stage, the first motor 311 and the second motor 321 are operated, the lens 10 is adjusted to be perpendicular to the incident light, the third motor 331 and the fourth motor 341 are operated at the same time, the heat collecting pipe is adjusted to be always positioned at the focus position of the lens 10, the heat collecting liquid pump 41 is operated, the heat storage medium is led into the heat collecting pipe from the heat storage pool, the heat storage medium absorbs near infrared light, heat energy is stored in the underground heat storage pool, and visible light can be scattered and transmitted through the heat collecting pipe, so that the plant growth requirement is met; in the early and late stage, the first motor 311 and the second motor 321 are operated, the lens 10 is adjusted to be parallel to the incident light, so that the visible light and the near infrared light can enter the multi-span greenhouse, and the illumination and temperature requirements of plant growth are ensured; at night, the exothermic liquid pump 42 is operated to lead the heat storage medium from the heat storage pool into the heat storage pipe and release the heat energy stored in the heat storage medium, thereby heating the rhizosphere area of crops and ensuring the temperature requirement of plant growth at night.
Referring to fig. 12 to 14, in the second embodiment:
the lens 10 adopts a plane Fresnel lens, the heat collecting device 20 is a heat collecting tube, and the lens 10 is connected with the heat collecting tube through a connecting rod 11, so that the heat collecting tube is always positioned at the focus position of the lens 10, and sunlight passes through the lens 10 and is focused on the heat collecting device 20, or the sunlight is parallel to the lens 10 and irradiates a plant planting area.
Meanwhile, the heat collecting pipes are arranged in series, and the heat release device 50 is a heat release pipe which is arranged in the canopy area of the plant.
The operation mode of the embodiment is as follows: in the noon stage, the first motor 311 and the second motor 321 are operated, the lens 10 is adjusted to be perpendicular to the incident light, so that the light is effectively gathered to the heat collecting pipe, the heat collecting liquid pump 41 is operated, the heat storage medium is led into the heat collecting pipe from the heat storage tank, the heat storage medium absorbs near infrared light, heat energy is stored in the underground heat storage tank, and visible light can penetrate through the heat collecting pipe to meet the plant growth requirement; in the early and late stage, the first motor 311 and the second motor 321 are operated, the lens 10 is adjusted to be parallel to the incident light, so that the visible light and the near infrared light can enter the multi-span greenhouse, and the illumination and temperature requirements of plant growth are ensured; at night, the exothermic liquid pump 42 is operated to lead the heat storage medium from the heat storage tank into the heat storage pipe and release the heat energy stored in the heat storage medium, thereby releasing the heat energy to the canopy of the crops, improving the growth environment temperature of the crops and promoting the growth of the crops.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse, comprising:
the light condensing system comprises a lens, a heat collecting device and a driving mechanism, wherein the lens is positioned above the heat collecting device, the heat collecting device is positioned above a plant growing area, and the driving mechanism is connected with the lens and/or the heat collecting device so as to drive the lens and/or the heat collecting device to move, so that sunlight passes through the lens and is focused on the heat collecting device, or sunlight passes through the lens in parallel and irradiates on the plant growing area;
the driving mechanism comprises a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism comprises a first lifting device and a second lifting device, the first lifting device comprises a first motor and a first rotating shaft, the first motor is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the first motor is connected with the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, a first rope winding wheel is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a first rope winding wheel is arranged on the first rope winding wheel, and the end part of the first rope winding wheel is connected with one side of the lens; the second lifting device comprises a second motor and a second rotating shaft, the second motor is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the second motor is connected with the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, a second rope winding wheel is arranged on the second rotating shaft, a second rope winding wheel is arranged on the second rope winding wheel, and the end part of the second rope winding wheel is connected with the other side of the lens; the first lifting device is matched with the second lifting device to adjust the orientation inclination angle of the lens so as to realize shading or enable sunlight to pass through in parallel;
the driving mechanism further comprises a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises a lifting device, a translation device and a heat collecting pipe frame, the heat collecting device is movably arranged on the heat collecting pipe frame, the lifting device comprises a third motor and a third rotating shaft, the third motor is fixed on one side of the multi-span greenhouse, the third motor is connected with the third rotating shaft, the third rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the multi-span greenhouse, two third rope winding wheels which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the third rotating shaft, a third rope winding is arranged on the third rope winding wheel, and the third rope winding wheels of the two third rope winding wheels are respectively connected with two sides of the heat collecting pipe frame; the translation device comprises a fourth motor and a translation rod, the fourth motor is fixed on the heat collecting pipe rack, the translation rod is connected with the heat collecting device, a rotating shaft of the fourth motor is connected with a transmission gear, and the fourth motor is meshed with a rack at the end part of the translation rod through the transmission gear; the lifting device and the translation device are used for adjusting the position of the heat collecting device on the heat collecting pipe frame so that the heat collecting device is positioned at the focal position of the lens;
the heat release system comprises a heat release device and a heat storage device, wherein a heat storage medium is arranged in the heat storage device, the heat collection device is a hollow double-layer transparent tube, the heat storage device is internally provided with a heat storage medium which transmits visible light and absorbs near infrared light, and under the condition that sunlight passes through the lens and is focused on the heat collection device, the visible light is used for scattering and transmitting through the heat collection device so as to meet the plant growth requirement; the heat storage device is respectively connected with the heat release device and the heat collection device, and the heat release device is positioned in the plant planting area.
2. The heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first rotating shafts is plural, first synchronizing teeth are arranged on the first rotating shafts, the first synchronizing teeth of the plurality of first rotating shafts are connected through a first gear chain, and first winding ropes on the plurality of first rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and connected with one side of the lens; the number of the second rotating shafts is multiple, second synchronous teeth are arranged on the second rotating shafts, the second synchronous teeth of the second rotating shafts are connected through a second gear chain, and the second winding ropes on the second rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and connected with the other side of the lens.
3. The heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device further comprises four fixed pulleys, the four fixed pulleys are fixed in the multi-span greenhouse, each two fixed pulleys are respectively arranged on two sides of a third rope winding wheel, a third rope winding wheel of the third rope winding wheel bypasses one fixed pulley from the upper side of the third rope winding wheel to be connected with one side of the heat collecting pipe frame, and a third rope winding wheel of the third rope winding wheel bypasses the other fixed pulley from the lower side of the third rope winding wheel to be connected with the other side of the heat collecting pipe frame.
4. The heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the heat storage device is a heat storage tank, the heat collecting device is a heat collecting pipe, one end of the heat collecting pipe is communicated with the inside of the heat storage tank through a first liquid supply pipe, the other end of the heat collecting pipe is communicated with the inside of the heat storage tank through a first liquid return pipe, a heat collecting liquid pump is arranged in the heat storage tank, and the first liquid supply pipe is connected with the heat collecting liquid pump.
5. The heat collecting and shading system of the multi-span greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the heat storage device is a heat storage tank, the heat release device is a heat release pipe, one end of the heat release pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a second liquid supply pipe, the other end of the heat release pipe is communicated with the heat storage tank through a second liquid return pipe, an heat release liquid pump is arranged in the heat storage tank, and the second liquid supply pipe is connected with the heat release liquid pump.
6. A heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the heat emitting device is provided in root soil of plants in the plant growing area and/or the heat emitting device is provided in canopy area of plants in the plant growing area.
7. The heat collecting and shading system of a multi-span greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the heat storage device is buried under the ground.
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