CN106234077A - That can not keep the sun off and that light quantity is variable photovoltaic greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to engineering technologies such as solar energy, agriculture, biological fermentation, and fresh water production. It includes a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) and a photovoltaic power generation device (40); it is characterized in that: the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) or the photovoltaic power generation device (40) or the photovoltaic cell (41) also includes a panel attitude change control device (50); its panel attitude change control device (50) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: on the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the transparent roof (1.1), the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1 ), under the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), inside the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), the light-transmitting floor (1.4), and the ground. Thus, the photovoltaic cell (41) of the solar greenhouse or the greenhouse (1) can not block the sunlight and the light quantity can be changed. Therefore, when there is a large amount of demand, the organisms can obtain 100% direct sunlight; at other times, the amount of sunlight entering the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) is variable to meet the different sunlight exposures required by the organisms. Since then, the photovoltaic cell (41) no longer affects the normal development and growth of organisms.

Description

Photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has variable light intensity

technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of energy engineering, agricultural engineering, bio-fermentation engineering, and fresh water manufacturing engineering, especially the engineering technical fields of photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal wind power generation, concentrated light power generation, wind power generation, high-altitude cold energy development, and agricultural greenhouses.

Background technique

1. Firstly, each organism requires different amounts of sunlight exposure; secondly, the same organism requires different amounts of sunlight exposure in different growth stages. Since the photovoltaic panel of the existing photovoltaic greenhouse is fixed, the amount of direct sunlight in the photovoltaic greenhouse is also constant. Because it directly blocks sunlight, when organisms need a large amount of, or even all, direct sunlight for growth, the result cannot provide a large amount, or even 100% of direct sunlight, which greatly affects the development and growth of organisms. 2. Existing photovoltaic power generation, concentrating power generation, and wind power generation technologies have single functions and high costs. 3. The existing agriculture is still dependent on the weather. The fundamental way to solve the human food and food problems lies in greenhouse agriculture (or called factory agriculture, modern agriculture, artificial environment agriculture). 4. The thermal efficiency of the existing solar thermal wind power generation technology is low and the function is single. 5. The temperature of the hot air in the existing solar greenhouse is less than 60°C. If the temperature of the hot air reaches 100-500°C, the efficiency of solar hot air power generation can be increased by more than ten times, and the photoelectric conversion rate can reach more than 8%. 6. The temperature of the existing fermentation device is low, the volume is small, and the cost is high. 7. No cost-effective new heat-insulating heat-collecting and heat-preserving materials—aerogel and vacuum glass. 8. Not making full use of high-altitude resources. For example, the temperature of the high air is tens of degrees lower than that of the ground, and the low temperature resources in the high air are not used to cool down, refrigerate, desalinate seawater, etc. For example, the wind speed at high altitude is 1-3 times higher than that on the ground. 9. There is no integrated innovation of system engineering for agriculture, energy, environmental protection and other projects; according to the principles of "1+1>2" and "the whole is greater than the sum of parts" of system engineering to estimate the sharing and integration benefits, the single-industry approach can be combined The construction investment and production cost of new energy and new agriculture will be reduced by 40-80%. 10. Therefore, it is urgent to find a cheap, clean and abundant energy, agriculture and environmental protection green ecological joint production method.

technical content

The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light in order to overcome the above-mentioned existing shortcomings. The object of the present invention can be achieved by taking the following measures.

content1.

The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity includes a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) and a photovoltaic power generation device (40); wherein the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) includes at least one of the following components, light-transmitting The roof (1.1), the light-transmitting floor (1.4); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) includes a photovoltaic cell (41); it is characterized in that:

At least one of the following devices or components or components also includes a panel attitude change control device (50), a solar greenhouse or a greenhouse (1), a photovoltaic power generation device (40), and a photovoltaic cell (41);

The photovoltaic power generation device (40) or the photovoltaic cell (41) or the panel posture change control device (50) is arranged at least one of the following positions: on the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the transparent roof (1.1), In the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), under the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), inside the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the light-transmitting floor (1.4), and the ground.

Different organisms, in each growth stage of the entire life cycle, require a very different amount of direct sunlight exposure, which is very different. Sometimes more direct sunlight is needed, and sometimes less direct sunlight is needed. Moreover, in different periods of the year, season, month, and day, they are also extremely unequal, extremely different, and extremely different.

Due to the panel attitude change control device (50) being set, for each different growth stage and each growth period of different organisms, the panel attitude change control device (50) can automatically adjust the attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) panel. Adjust the control to the best angle, so that the amount of direct sunlight can meet the most suitable demand for biological needs. Neither too much nor too little. And then greatly promoted the normal sexual development and growth of organisms. This effectively overcomes many fatal shortcomings brought about by the fixed mode of the photovoltaic panel of the existing photovoltaic greenhouse, and avoids the defective growth of organisms.

Due to the arrangement of the panel posture change control device (50), the following three beneficial effects are produced. ①. When organisms need a large amount of direct sunlight, even 100% direct sunlight, the plane of the photovoltaic cell (41) changes to a posture parallel to the sun rays, or a posture close to parallel. At this time, the planar posture of the photovoltaic cell (41) will not block the sunlight to illuminate the organisms to the greatest extent, so that the organisms can obtain sunlight to the maximum and grow rapidly. ②. General organisms only need about 7% of the total solar radiation. Therefore, the photovoltaic cell (41) is required not to block the sunlight only during a small part of the working hours of the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sunlight and has a variable amount of light. ③. Biology When the living organisms do not need a large amount of direct sunlight, or even do not need direct sunlight at all, the plane of the photovoltaic cell (41) changes to a posture perpendicular to the sun's rays, or a posture close to vertical. At this time, the planar posture of the photovoltaic cell (41) will block sunlight to the greatest extent from irradiating organisms, so that organisms can minimize sunlight exposure, which is conducive to normal growth or shady growth. ④. The panel attitude control system (50) is different from the tracking device of the photovoltaic power generation system, and it has more functions than the tracking device. The panel attitude control system (50) not only has the function of automatically tracking and blocking sunlight rays, but also has the function of automatically tracking and tracking sunlight rays. 5. When automatically tracking and tracking sunlight rays, the panel attitude control system (50) makes the plane or inner curved surface of the photovoltaic power generation device (40) be set to a vertical angle or a near vertical angle with the sun's rays; Absorb the sun's short-wave radiation energy to a large extent. Therefore, the panel attitude control system (50) can also automatically track and track sunlight rays, and the panel attitude control system (50) is equivalent to a Automatic tracking tracking device for sunlight rays.

As a result, the types of photovoltaic greenhouses are greatly reduced and the construction cost is greatly reduced due to the arrangement of the panel attitude change control device (50). Because, for different kinds of organisms, it is necessary to build many kinds of different kinds of photovoltaic greenhouses with fixed photovoltaic panels to correspond to the construction. As a result, construction costs are relatively high. Now, due to the arrangement of the panel attitude change control device (50), only one kind of photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is needed, and it can be applied to various kinds of organisms. Since the types of photovoltaic greenhouses are greatly reduced, the construction cost is greatly reduced.

The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved by taking the following measures.

Content 2.

According to content 1, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The panel posture change control device (50) adjusts and controls the variation range of the photovoltaic cell (41) posture to be: from the posture parallel to the photovoltaic cell (41) surface to the sunlight ray to the vertical posture of the photovoltaic cell (41) surface and the sunlight ray or between the two postures in which the angle between the photovoltaic cell (41) surface and the sunlight ray is 0° to the photovoltaic cell (41) surface and the sunlight ray angle is 90°;

The panel attitude control system (50) adjusts and controls the panel attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) to automatically track and track sunlight rays, and the panel attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) includes at least one of the following, the photovoltaic cell (41) surface The attitude is perpendicular to or nearly perpendicular to the sun ray, the attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) is parallel to or nearly parallel to the sun ray, and the attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) is oblique to the sun ray.

Because the panel attitude control system (50) can also automatically track and track sunlight rays, it is equivalent to a sunlight tracking device; It is at a vertical angle or close to the vertical angle with the sun's rays; this can absorb the short-wave radiation energy of the sun to the greatest extent.

content 3.

According to content 1, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The panel posture change control device (50) is connected with at least one of the following devices or components or parts: solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), light-transmitting roof (1.1), light-transmitting floor (1.4), photovoltaic power generation device (40), the upper part of the photovoltaic cell (41), the middle part of the photovoltaic cell (41), the lower part of the photovoltaic cell (41), the side part of the photovoltaic cell (41), and the ground;

Wherein, the plate surface of the photovoltaic cell (41) is planar or curved;

The attitude control mode of the panel attitude change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, one-dimensional single-axis attitude adjustment, two-dimensional two-axis attitude adjustment, three-dimensional three-axis attitude adjustment;

The control structure of the panel attitude change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, column-rotating panel type (51), hanging and rotating panel-surface type (52);

The control mechanism of the panel posture change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, a mechanical control mechanism (56), a hydraulic control mechanism, an electrical control mechanism, and a magnetic force control mechanism.

content 4.

According to content 1, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes at least one of the following components: chassis (42), concentrating system (43), cooling system (44), light-transmitting shell (45), support mechanism (46), Suspension mechanism (47), load controller, storage battery, inverter;

Photovoltaic cells (41) can be arranged as single-sided or multi-sided; when photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged as multi-sided, from the perspective of looking down, the multi-faceted photovoltaic cells (41) or with the light-transmitting roof (1.1) or light-transmitting floor (1.4) It is arranged in a staggered shape or a staggered grid; through part of the sunlight; this method can allow the lower indoor heat collecting space (9) or the ground to absorb more sunlight to the greatest extent, and increase the yield of crops. received light;

Photovoltaic cells (41) can be arranged as a single layer or multilayers in height; when photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged as multilayers, from a top view, the photovoltaic cells (41) of the upper and lower layers are arranged in a staggered shape or The grid is staggered; this can also allow the lower indoor heat collecting space (9) or the ground to absorb more sunlight to the greatest extent, increasing the amount of light received by crops;

Its photovoltaic cell (41) is equivalent to the heat-collecting surface layer in the solar vacuum tube heat collector and the flat plate heat collector; Since the photovoltaic cell (41) can absorb more than 90% of the sun's short-wave radiation energy, it is replaced by the photovoltaic cell (41) Absorbed most of the solar short-wave radiant energy has just changed into long-wave radiant energy and then radiated outwards; because the ambient air (30) in the indoor heat-collecting space (9) was heated when the long-wave radiant energy radiated outwards, the ambient air (30) has become hot air, forms hot wind current (31).

Its photovoltaic cell (41) is equivalent to the heat-collecting surface layer in the solar vacuum tube heat collector and the flat plate heat collector; It can absorb more than 90% of the sun's short-wave radiation energy, but it absorbs 8 of the sun's short-wave radiation energy. After %-20% is directly converted into electrical energy, the remaining absorbed solar short-wave radiation energy is converted into long-wave radiation energy and radiated outward; the ambient air in the indoor heat-collecting space (9) is heated when the long-wave radiation energy radiates outward again (30), ambient air (30) is changed into hot air, forms hot air flow (31). Therefore, the photovoltaic cell (41) is also a good heat absorbing material.

Content 5.

According to content 1, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is arranged in one of the following positions: on the ground, on the mountain, on the building (28), on the building group, on the water, on the sea; its plane shape includes one of the following: Type or several: rectangle, square, circle, polygon;

In a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1):

Its solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) also includes at least one of the following components: light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), support system (1.3), light-transmitting floor (1.4), light-transmitting inner partition wall ( 1.5), air inlet (1.6), air outlet (1.7), upper air inlet (1.8), light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9);

The height of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is between 1.5 and 150 meters; the diameter or side length of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is between 0.05 and 20 kilometers;

Its support system (1.3) supports the light-transmitting roof (1.1), and the light-transmitting roof (1.1) covers the lower space to form an indoor heat collecting space (9); wherein the air inlet (1.6) connects the outdoor space and the indoor heat collecting space ( 9);

Its transparent roof (1.1) or transparent external wall (1.2) or transparent floor (1.4) or transparent internal partition wall (1.5) or transparent heat insulation layer (1.9) includes at least one of the following Parts: rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22); wherein the supporting system (1.3) includes at least one of the following: supporting column frame (1.3.1), supporting beam frame (1.3 .2); wherein the air inlet (1.6) is set at the outer edge of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1);

Its light-transmitting floor (1.4) is set in the upper or middle or lower part of the indoor heat collecting space (9). The light-transmitting floor (1.4) includes one or more layers. The space (9) is divided into multiple layers, so that the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is equivalent to a light-transmitting heat storage building; the bottom layer of the light-transmitting heat storage building is an agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) with constant temperature and humidity. On the layer (9.1) is a single-layer or multi-layer hot air heating layer (9.2) with gradually increasing temperature; through the multi-layer light-transmitting floor (1.4) heat collection, the flow path of the hot air flow (31) is extended, The temperature of the hot air flow (31) is improved, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the hot air flow (31), and improving the power generation efficiency;

The light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) is arranged at least one of the following positions: between the light-transmitting roof (1.1) and the light-transmitting floor (1.4), between the light-transmitting floor (1.4) and the light-transmitting floor (1.4) ), between the light-transmitting floor (1.4) and the ground or water surface, and inside the hot-air heating layer (9.2); The wind runner (9.3), the spiral or zigzag hot air runner (9.3) prolongs the flow path of the hot air flow (31), improves the temperature of the hot air flow (31), and then increases the flow velocity of the hot air flow (31), The power generation efficiency is improved; the air outlet (1.7) is also connected with the hot air heating layer (9.2) or the hot air runner (9.3);

The light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer (1.9) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: the light-transmitting roof (1.1), the light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), the light-transmitting floor (1.4), the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5 ), the upper and lower surfaces of the light-transmitting roof (1.1), the upper and lower surfaces of the light-transmitting floor (1.4), the photovoltaic power generation device (40); the light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) avoids the The heat of (9) dissipates and loses outwards, and the temperature of the indoor heat collecting space (9) is also improved.

content6.

According to content 1, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity also includes at least one of the following systems: heat preservation hot water storage pool (3), heat preservation fermentation system (4), air duct system (6), hot wind power generation system ( 13), outdoor heat collecting enclosure (7), lighting system (10), combustion heating system (11), pumped storage power generation system (12), heat recovery system (16), high-altitude cooling energy drop utilization system (17) , high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18), wind power generation system (19), heat collector system (20);

Among them, the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) is set at the lower part or bottom of the indoor heat collection space (9); since the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) can collect and store sunlight heat, 30- 70 ℃ (even more than 400 ℃) hot air; produce 25-35 ℃ warm water body (even reach 100 ℃) in the heat preservation heat storage pool (3); When there is no waste heat, heat is continuously released to heat the air, so that the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has variable light can generate electricity continuously;

Among them, the heat preservation and fermentation system (4) is set in the middle or lower part or bottom of the indoor heat collecting space (9); therefore, the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable light amount can carry out animal and plant breeding, planting and production in an artificial high temperature environment. High-temperature fermentation production of microorganisms; while producing agricultural products efficiently, waste animals and plants grown in high-temperature cultivation can also be used as fermentation raw materials for the heat preservation fermentation system (4), and high-temperature fermentation produces gas fuels, liquid fuels (alkanes, alcohols, ethers) and organic fuels. Fertilizers, forming an ecological cycle production that produces food and clean energy. High-temperature fermentation can also quickly process organic waste and sewage. When the heat preservation fermentation system (4) is set in the warm water body (3.5) of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3), a huge fermentation container (4.1) can be manufactured, which is equivalent to a huge floating tank; it not only greatly improves the fermentation volume, but also The fermentation temperature and output are greatly improved, and the cost is also greatly reduced, killing three birds with one stone;

Among them, the middle part of the exhaust duct system (6) is a ventilated inner channel (6.4); the exhaust duct system (6) includes one or more of the following components: chimney (6.1), duct building (6.2), duct Inner partition (6.3), inner channel (6.4), rigid cylinder (6.5), flexible cylinder (6.6), rigid-flexible mixing cylinder (6.7), diversion outlet (6.8), heat collector system (20); Among them, the tube building (6.2) can be used as a house, which reduces the cost of the exhaust duct system (6); the inner channel (6.4) includes a single hole or multiple holes; the inner wall (6.3) separates the inner channel (6.4) into multiple holes; Porous inner channels (6.4) include one or more of the following: medium temperature channels (6.4.1), high temperature channels (6.4.2), ultra-high temperature channels (6.4.3), cold energy drop channels (6.4.5) ; Wherein the cold energy descending tunnel (6.4.5) is used for the passage of cold energy conveying downwards such as high-altitude cold air, cold energy liquid, cold water, etc.;

Wherein, the hot wind power generation system (13) includes at least one of the following components, wind turbine (13.1), generator (13.2); The lower part of (6), the inside of the exhaust duct system (6), the inside of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), the inside of the indoor heat collecting space (9); in the hot wind power generation system (13): the wind turbine (13.1) Adopt horizontal axis type;

Wherein, the outdoor heat collecting wall (7) is arranged outside the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) and forms an outdoor heat collecting field (2), and the outdoor heat collecting field (2) can be for entering the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse ( 1) The previous cold air preheating reduces the area of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) and reduces the investment;

Wherein, the light irradiation system (10) is arranged in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), and the circuit of the light irradiation system (10) is connected with at least one of the following devices, photovoltaic power generation device (40), hot wind power generation system ( 13): It is used to irradiate organisms and plants with artificial lighting to improve production efficiency; to form biological factories and plant factories;

Wherein, the combustion heating system (11) is arranged at the bottom or the lower part of the exhaust duct system (6); when there is no sunlight, the combustion heating system (11) can be started to use fuel to heat the air to continue hot wind power generation;

Among them, the pumped storage power generation system (12) is arranged on the upper or middle part of the air duct system (6). Or the water storage in the middle will continue to generate hydropower;

Wherein, the heat recovery system (16) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), exhaust duct system (6), heat preservation heat storage pool (3); the heat recovery system (16) can The heat in the indoor heat collection space (9) and the exhaust duct system (6) is transferred to the water in the thermal storage pool (3); the heat recovery system (16) can return the heat of the exhausted hot gas and exhausted steam after power generation to the indoor In the heat collection space (9), the ambient air (30) is preliminarily heated; the hot air flow (31) is heated to a higher temperature to further increase the thermoelectric conversion rate of power generation; among them, the high-temperature vacuum cavity (43.2.2) or The long-wave radiation energy from the surface of the focusing cavity (43.2.3) heats the hot air in the tube when it radiates into the tube, so that the hot air in the tube becomes ultra-high temperature hot air, forming an ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3);

Among them, the high-altitude cooling energy drop utilization system (17) and the high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18) are arranged on the cylinder body of the exhaust system (6); the high-altitude cooling energy is conveyed vertically downward by the high-altitude cooling energy drop utilization system (17) To the ground, as a cold source for cooling and cooling; the hot and humid air at 30-100 ° C is cooled by the high-altitude air-conditioning of the high-altitude condensation fresh water device (18), condensed into fresh water, and then transported to the ground by pipelines to form seawater desalination production;

Wherein, the wind power generation system (19) can also be arranged in at least one of the following positions: the exhaust duct system (6), the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the light-transmitting thermal storage building (8 ) on the support system (1.3); the tower tower (19.2) of the wind power generation system (19) can be used as a support system (1.3) for a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) or a light-transmitting thermal storage building (8), reduce cost;

Among them, the heat collector system (20) is arranged on the side facing the sunlight of the exhaust duct system (6); To 90-130°C, increase the flow velocity of the hot air flow (31) and the power generation efficiency of the hot air power generation system (13).

If the photovoltaic power generation device (40) is arranged on the light-transmitting roof (1.1), it can only heat the ambient air (30) in the indoor heat collecting space (9) downwards from one side. For example, if the photovoltaic power generation device (40) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1), or in an indoor heat collecting space (9), it can heat the indoor heat collecting space (9) on both sides upwards and downwards at the same time. Ambient air in (30).

The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has variable light intensity can generate hot wind power. Because: one. The short-wave radiation of the sun means that after entering the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), it is irradiated on the laminar photovoltaic power generation device (40). Because the photovoltaic power generation device (40) can absorb more than 90% of the sun's short-wave radiation energy, so the vast majority of the solar short-wave radiation energy absorbed by the photovoltaic power generation device (40) is converted into long-wave radiation energy and then radiated outward; The ambient air (30) in the indoor heat-collecting space (9) is heated when the radiant energy radiates outwards again, making the ambient air (30) become hot air, and the hot air just produces rising motion. Therefore, the sheet-shaped photovoltaic power generation device (40) can generate rising hot air. Second. Again because the exhaust duct system (6) has the powerful negative pressure draft of " chimney effect ", these hot airs are caused to enter in the exhaust duct system (6), forming the hot air current (31) that flows vertically upwards to high altitude. As a result, the vertically upward hot air flow (31) produces a powerful negative pressure draft at the bottom of the exhaust duct system (6), and the hot wind power generation system (13) at this time can use this powerful negative pressure draft to To generate electricity. The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity can indirectly convert 6%-30% of the solar short-wave radiation energy absorbed by the photovoltaic power generation device (40) into electric energy.

At the same time, the photovoltaic cell (41) or focused photovoltaic cell (43.2.1) in the photovoltaic power generation device (40) can also directly convert 8%-25% of the solar short-wave radiation energy absorbed by the photovoltaic power generation device (40) become electricity. Simultaneously, the high-altitude high-speed horizontal air flow at the top outlet of the exhaust tube system (6) can also increase the negative pressure suction force in the exhaust tube system (6), increase the suction speed in the tube, and further increase the power generation.

At the same time, it can also discharge the polluted air on the ground to an altitude of several thousand meters, greatly improving the ground air quality of the city.

Content 7.

According to content 3, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

Among them, the panel posture change control device (50) of the column-rotating panel type (51) adopts the pole column (51.1) to support the rotation change of the photovoltaic cell (41);

Among them, the board posture change control device (50) of the hanging and rotating board type (52) adopts the suspension rope (47.1) to suspend the photovoltaic cell (41) to rotate and change;

Among them, the side-rotating plate surface type (53) plate attitude change control device (50) adopts the rotation change of the component (53.1) connected to the side of the photovoltaic cell (41); the component (53.1) includes at least one of the following: Pole column (51.1), support column frame (1.3.1), support beam frame (1.3.2); wherein the mechanical control mechanism (56) includes at least one of the following, clue control mechanism (57), gear control Mechanism, rack regulation mechanism, worm wheel regulation mechanism, worm regulation mechanism.

Content 8.

According to content 1 or content 4, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The solar shading area of the photovoltaic cell (41) accounts for 50%-100% of the sunlight receiving area of the light-transmitting roof (1.1) or the light-transmitting floor (1.4);

When the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a multi-faceted manner, the multi-faceted photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a sawtooth or oblique shape when viewed from a side view;

For the upper and lower relative positions of the photovoltaic cell (41) and the photovoltaic cell (41), at least one of the following staggered position settings can be adopted: the upper and lower positions are staggered, and the rear and front positions are staggered; these two staggered position settings make The hot air flow (31) first flows through the photovoltaic cell (41), so that the temperature of the hot air flow (31) is gradually heated up, and the temperature reaches about 60-120°C. This can further improve the hot air flow (31) power generation efficiency;

The plane or inner curved surface of the photovoltaic cell (41) faces the sunlight vertically or obliquely; angle or near vertical angle;

Photovoltaic cells (41) include one or more of the following: crystalline silicon cells, amorphous silicon cells, thin film cells, flexible thin film cells, concentrating cells, multiple compound cells, dye-sensitized cells , CaAs (gallium arsenide) battery, CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) battery, CdTe (cadmium antimonide) battery, InGaP/A battery;

Photovoltaic cells (41) include at least one of the following structural layers; selective heat-absorbing coating (40.11), anti-reflection layer (40.12), light-reflecting layer (40.13), low-emission metal layer (40.14), barrier thermosphere(40.15);

Wherein, the underframe (42) is arranged under the photovoltaic cell (41) and connected thereto; the underframe (42) is connected with at least one of the following devices or components or parts, and the panel attitude change control device (50 ), photovoltaic cell (41), support mechanism (46), suspension mechanism (47);

Wherein, the concentrating system (43) includes at least one of the following: reflective concentrating system (43.1), refracting concentrating system (43.2), Fresnel concentrating system (43.3); The system (43) can also absorb more than 90% of the sun's short-wave radiation energy, but it absorbs all the reflected solar short-wave radiation energy absorbed into the photovoltaic cell (41) for absorption; for example, if the photovoltaic cell (41) is a focused high-temperature photovoltaic Battery (41.1), wherein 20-30% of the short-wave radiation energy of the sun is directly converted into electrical energy, and the remaining short-wave radiation energy absorbed by the sun is converted into long-wave radiation energy to heat the indoor heat-collecting space when radiating outward (9) ambient air (30); this concentrating system (43) can heat medium-temperature and high-temperature hot air less than 130°C into ultra-high-temperature hot air at 130-600°C, greatly increasing the conversion rate of photothermal power generation to 15% Above; therefore, the concentrating system (43) can generate ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3), which is also a heat-absorbing material with good performance.

Wherein, the cooling system (44) is arranged on the chassis (42) of the photovoltaic cell (41), so that the heat of the photovoltaic cell (41) can be exchanged directly and effectively to improve the temperature of the hot air flow (31); the cooling system (44 ) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: the back of the photovoltaic cell (41), the chassis (42), the concentrating system (43); the cooling system (44) includes at least one of the following: gas or steam cooling system (44.1), liquid cooling system (44.2), heat pump cooling system (44.3), heat pipe cooling system (44.4), fin cooling system (44.5), fin tube cooling system (44.6); the cooling system (44) can The high temperature of the photovoltaic cell (41) or the focused high-temperature photovoltaic cell (41.1) drops from a high temperature of hundreds of degrees to a medium temperature of only tens of degrees; the lower the temperature of the photovoltaic cell (41) or the focused high-temperature photovoltaic cell (41.1), the greater its power generation performance.

Wherein, the light-transmitting casing (45) is arranged outside or on the top of the photovoltaic cell (41);

Wherein, the supporting mechanism (46) and the supporting column frame (1.3.1) of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) are integrated or homogeneous, or heterogeneous;

Wherein, the suspension mechanism (47) includes a suspension rope (47.1); the board attitude control system (50) can be connected with the suspension rope (47.1); its suspension mechanism (47) is arranged in at least one of the following Location, support column frame (1.3.1) of the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), support beam frame (1.3.2) of the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), Photovoltaic cells (41). Use the length of the suspension rope (47.1) to change the direction of the plane or inner surface of the photovoltaic power generation device (40) to achieve the purpose of tracking sunlight, which can simplify the structure of the board attitude control system (50) , reduce the cost and operating costs.

Content 9.

According to content 5 or content 6, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

In a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1),

Wherein, the light-transmitting outer wall surface (1.2) is arranged on the periphery of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1);

Wherein, the light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged on the support system (1.3); the light-transmitting floor (1.4) can also be provided with a photovoltaic power generation device (40);

Wherein, the air outlet (1.7) is connected to the exhaust duct system (6) and the indoor heat collecting space (9), or the air outlet (1.7) is connected to the top or upper part of the exhaust duct system (6) and the indoor heat collecting space (9); The air port (1.7) also communicates with at least one of the following positions: the bottom or lower part of the exhaust duct system (6), the top or upper part of the indoor heat collection space (9), the hot air heating layer (9.2), the focusing photovoltaic cell (41.1 ) high temperature air inlet (43.2.7);

Wherein, the upper air port (1.8) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: the photovoltaic power generation device (40), the light-transmitting floor (1.4), which communicates with the agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) and the hot air heating layer (9.2). The excess heat of the agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) is discharged into the hot air heating layer (9.2), and the hot air flow (31) is further heated; the upper air port (1.8) keeps the agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) in a constant temperature state;

Its light-transmitting outer wall (1.2) or light-transmitting floor (1.4) or light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) or light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) includes at least one of the following components, rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22);

The light-transmitting outer wall (1.2) or the light-transmitting floor (1.4) or the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) or the light-transmitting heat-insulating layer (1.9) is provided with a light-transmitting heat-insulating layer (1.9); Layer (1.9) comprising at least one of the following components: airgel insulation (1.9.1), vacuum insulation (1.9.2), air insulation (1.9.3), foam insulation layer (1.9.4), light-transmitting adhesive heat insulation layer (1.9.5).

Content 10.

According to content 6, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

Wherein, the thermal heat storage pool (3) includes at least one of the following parts: heat insulation pool wall (3.1), and also includes at least one of the following parts: pool bottom (3.2), heat insulation pool bottom (3.3), light-transmitting pool top cover (3.4), warm water body (3.5), closed pool top cover (3.6); its heat-insulating pool wall (3.1) includes at least one of the following, rigid heat-insulating pool wall (3.1.1), flexible heat-insulating pool wall (3.1.2); the enclosed heat-insulating pool wall (3.1) constitutes a heat-insulating heat storage pool with or without a pool bottom (3.2) or a heat-insulating pool bottom (3.3) 3); the light-transmitting pool top cover (3.4) or the closed pool top cover (3.6) covers the warm water body (3.5); the depth of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) is between 3-250 meters; the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) The thermal insulation pool wall (3.1) and the thermal insulation pool bottom (3.3) include a thermal insulation layer (23): the flexible thermal insulation pool wall (3.1.2) includes at least one of the following, organic fiber, inorganic Fiber; the volume of the fermentation container (4.1) of the heat preservation fermentation system (4) is between 1 million and 500,000 m ³ , and its volume accounts for about 1-20% of the volume of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3);

Wherein, the thermal insulation fermentation system (4) includes at least one of the following parts: fermentation container (4.1), heat insulation layer (23), also includes a light-transmitting heat-insulation top cover (4.3); the fermentation container (4.1) includes at least one of the following parts: rigid fermentation container (4.1.1), flexible fermentation container (4.1.2); ) can provide heat for the fermentation vessel (4.1), which improves the fermentation temperature and output; Increase the fermentation volume, greatly increase the fermentation temperature and output, and greatly reduce the cost, killing three birds with one stone;

Among them, the flexible cylinder (6.2) includes at least one of the following: an inflatable cylinder ((6.21), a cloth membrane cylinder (6.22); a flexible cylinder (6.2) or a rigid-flexible mixing cylinder (6.3) Instead of the rigid cylinder (6.1); the high-temperature air outlet (43.2.8) is also connected to at least one of the following positions of the exhaust system (6), medium-temperature tunnel (6.4.1), high-temperature tunnel (6.4.2), The ultra-high temperature tunnel (6.4.3); the exhaust duct system (6) adopts at least one of the following three-dimensional shapes: straight tube, cone tube, inverted cone tube, Venturi tube shape, throat shape, hyperbolic shape, tapered shape Shape, three-sided cylinder, four-sided cylinder, five-sided cylinder, six-sided cylinder, multi-sided cylinder; its height is between 0.01-20 kilometers, its diameter is between 20-5000 meters; its wall thickness is between 0.05-150 meters; Among them, the venturi tube shape, throat tube shape, and hyperbolic shape can increase the wind speed of the hot air flow (31); the lower end of the exhaust duct system (6) is connected to the upper part of the indoor heat collection space (9), and the exhaust duct system (6) is arranged at the bottom. Describe one of the positions: the middle part of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the edge of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the corner of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) can also Set on the outer surface of the exhaust duct system (6);

Wherein, the outdoor heat-collecting enclosure (7) includes at least one of the following components: rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22), support system (1.3); outdoor heat-collecting field (2) The plane shape includes one or more of the following: cylindrical ring shape, polygonal cylindrical ring shape; the outdoor heat collecting field (2) includes multiple rings of outdoor heat collecting enclosures (7), and the outdoor heat collecting enclosures (7) of the inner circle The lower part is open without walls, which is convenient for hot air to flow to the central exhaust duct system (6);

Wherein, the lighting system (10) includes LED lights;

Wherein, the combustion heating system (11) includes at least one of the following components: combustion equipment (11.1), combustion chamber (11.2), fuel delivery pipeline (11.3);

Among them, the pumped storage power generation system (12) at least includes at least one of the following components, the lower reservoir (12.1), the pumping equipment (12.2), the upper reservoir (12.3), the hydroelectric power generation equipment (12.4), the water pipeline (12.5); the upper reservoir (12.3) is set on the upper or middle part of the suction tube system (6); the pumping equipment (12.2) includes at least one of the following, AC electric pumping equipment (12.2.1), direct current Power pumping equipment (12.2.2); if DC electric pumping equipment (12.2.2) uses photovoltaic cells (41) and DC power generated by focused photovoltaic cells (43.2.1) for pumping operations, then use hydroelectric power generation equipment (12.4) Generate alternating current, so that the inverter equipment for photovoltaic power generation can be saved, which not only reduces the cost of photovoltaic power generation, but also improves the reliability of the equipment;

Wherein, the heat recovery system (16) at least includes at least one of the following systems, liquid heat recovery system, heat pump heat recovery system, heat pipe heat recovery system; the heat absorption end or upper end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected or It is connected to the air outlet or the upper end of the exhaust duct system (6), and the heat release end or the lower end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected to or connected to at least one of the following positions; in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), indoor heat collection In the space (9), the air inlet or the lower end of the exhaust duct system (6); the heat recovery system (16) includes at least one of the following equipment, heat absorption equipment (16.1), heat transfer pipeline (16.2) , exothermic equipment (16.3), driving or compressing equipment (16.4), heat storage equipment (16.5), heat transfer working fluid (16.6); in the heat recovery system (16), the heat absorption equipment (16.1) is set at The heat-absorbing end or the upper end of the system (16); the exothermic device (16.3) is arranged at the exothermic end or the lower end of the heat recovery system (16); the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) is arranged between the endothermic device (16.1) and the exothermic Between the equipment (16.3), the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) is connected or communicated with the heat absorbing equipment (16.1) and the heat releasing equipment (16.3); the driving or compressing equipment (16.4) is set in the heat transfer pipeline (16.2), and the driving Or the compression equipment (16.4) is connected or communicated with the heat transfer pipeline (16.2); the inside of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes a heat transfer working medium (16.6); the outer surface of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes an insulation layer;

The heat recovery system (16) can recover part of the heat of the hot air flow (31) discharged to the high altitude and transfer it back to the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), the indoor heat collecting space (9), the exhaust duct system (6) the air inlet or the lower end; the heat can initially heat the ambient air (30) into a medium-temperature hot air flow (31.1) or a high-temperature hot air flow (31.2); or reheat the high-temperature hot air flow (31.2) at the bottom to make the high-temperature heat flow Air flow (31.3) obtains higher temperature and becomes ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3); that is, the temperature difference ΔT of hot air flow (31) is improved; The thermal efficiency of the variable photovoltaic greenhouse power generation; this is also equivalent to indirectly prolonging the rising height of the hot air flow (31), that is, indirectly prolonging the height difference ΔH of the exhaust duct system (6). Every time the heat is reheated, it is equivalent to the hot air flow (31) and the height difference ΔH is repeated, which is equivalent to the increase of a height difference ΔH by the hot air flow (31); The power generation efficiency of the greenhouse is directly proportional to the height difference ΔH of the hot air flow (31) or the height difference ΔH of the exhaust duct system (6). the higher. The heat recovery system (16) can increase the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has a variable light amount several times to dozens of times; at the same time, the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has a variable light amount exceeds at least 300 %, therefore one of the 100% thermal efficiency can be discharged to the heat of the high-altitude hot air flow (31) and return to the bottom of the exhaust duct system (6). One of the 100% thermal efficiency heats is used to heat the hot air flow (31), to realize a self-sufficient heating energy photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sunlight and has a variable amount of light. In this way, a self-generated energy production device that does not require external fuels has been completely formed;

Among them, the high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17) includes at least one of the following components, drainage bucket (17.1), drainage pipe (17.2), induced fan (17.3), drainage valve (17.4), water spray equipment (17.5); one, high-altitude cold air can be transported vertically downwards automatically to the The ground, or is transported to the ground by the pressure of the drainage bucket (17.1) or the induced draft fan (17.3), as a cold source for cooling and cooling; second, the dry ultra-high temperature heat of tens to hundreds of degrees from the concentrating system (43) When the wind flow (31.3) encounters the water mist sprayed by the water mist spray equipment (17.5), the water mist evaporates rapidly, and the evaporation will absorb the huge amount of heat energy of the dry ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3), making the dry ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3) The temperature drops sharply and immediately becomes a heavy high-density cold air flow (30.3), which automatically sinks to the ground in the cold energy descending tunnel (6.4.5) as a cooling source for cooling; and the high-density cold air flow (30.3 ) can also reversely promote the wind power generation system (19) to carry out cold wind power generation;

Among them, the high-altitude condensing fresh water system (18) includes at least one of the following components: spray water mist equipment (18.1), condensation equipment (18.2), collection equipment (18.3), seawater pipeline (18.4), fresh water downpipe (18.5); one, when the high-altitude water vapor passes through the metal foil film of the condensing device (18.2), it is easy to cool down and condense into fresh water; When the high-temperature hot air flow (31.3) encounters the sea water mist sprayed by the water mist spray equipment (18.1), the sea water mist evaporates rapidly into fresh water vapor (33), and the evaporation will absorb the huge amount of heat energy of the dry ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3) , so that the temperature of the dry ultra-high temperature hot air flow (31.3) drops sharply, and immediately becomes a heavy high-density cold air flow (30.3), which automatically sinks to the ground in the cold energy descending hole (6.4. source; and the high-density cold air flow (30.3) can also reversely push the wind power generation system (19) to generate cold wind power; at the same time, when the fresh water vapor (33) passes through the condensation device (18.2), it is easy to cool down and condense into fresh water; 3. When the fresh water vapor (33) cools down and condenses into fresh water, it will release a huge amount of heat energy which will be absorbed by the condensing equipment (18.2) or the heat-absorbing equipment (16.1) of the heat recovery system (16), and will pass through the fresh water descending pipeline (18.5 ) or heat transfer pipeline (16.2) and transfer this huge amount of heat back to the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), the indoor heat collecting space (9), the air inlet or the lower end of the exhaust duct system (6) continue to recycle;

Wherein, the wind power generation system (19) includes at least one of the following components, the wind turbine (19.1), the tower tower (19.2), the generator (19.3); the tower tower (19.2) is arranged in the solar greenhouse Or on the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse (1) or the light-transmitting thermal storage building (8). Its tower tube tower (19.2) can utilize as the support system (1.3) of solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) or light-transmitting thermal storage building (8); Because the tower tube tower (19.2) of wind power generation system (19) Accounting for about half of its total cost, the tower (19.2) has multiple functions, saving costs and reducing investment by 30-60%, especially in offshore wind power projects;

Wherein, the heat collector system (20) includes at least one of the following components, a vacuum tube heat collector (20.1) and a flat plate heat collector (20.2).

content 11

According to content 5 or content 10, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

The air outlet (1.7) is also connected to the high-temperature air inlet (43.2.7) of the concentrating system (43) of the photovoltaic power generation device (40);

The high-temperature air outlet (43.2.8) of the concentrating system (43) is also connected to at least one of the following positions of the exhaust duct system (6), medium-temperature tunnel (6.4.1), high-temperature tunnel (6.4.2), super High temperature channels (6.4.3).

Its spraying water mist equipment (17.5) and spraying water mist equipment (18.1) can be the same equipment; its condensing equipment (18.2) and heat absorbing equipment (16.1) can be the same equipment; The transfer pipeline (16.2) can be the same device; the spray water mist equipment (18.1) can also be arranged in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) or the bottom of the exhaust duct system (6); the fresh water descending pipeline (18.5) , The heat transfer pipeline (16.2) can also be arranged in the cold energy descending tunnel (6.4.5); the high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18) is connected to the cooling system (44) or the light concentrating system (43);

The heat preservation heat storage pool (3), the lower reservoir (12.1), and the heat storage equipment (16.5) can be the same equipment, and the heat-absorbing equipment (16.1), and the upper reservoir (12.3) can be the same equipment.

content 12.

According to content 8, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that:

In the photovoltaic power generation device (40), for the relative position between the photovoltaic cells (41), at least one of the following staggered position settings can be adopted: the upper and lower positions are staggered, and the rear and front positions are staggered; these two kinds of staggered The position mode is set so that the hot air flow (31) first flows through the photovoltaic cell (41), so that the temperature of the hot air flow (31) is gradually heated up, and the temperature reaches about 60-120°C. This can further improve the hot air flow (31) power generation efficiency;

Focusing photovoltaic cells (41.1) also include at least one of the following structural layers; selective heat absorption coating (40.11), anti-reflection layer (40.12), reflective layer (40.13), low-emission metal layer (40.14) , heat insulation layer (40.15).

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

1. Due to the addition of the panel posture change control device (50), the photovoltaic cell (41) of the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) can not block sunlight and the light amount can be changed. Therefore, when organisms need a large amount of direct sunlight, even 100%, the photovoltaic cell (41) can not block the sunlight, and the sunlight can directly irradiate the organisms in the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1). In other time periods, the amount of sunlight entering the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) can be varied, which can meet the needs of different organisms and different growth periods. Since then, the photovoltaic cell (41) no longer affects the development and growth of organisms. 2. In most of the time, the panel attitude control system (50) can also automatically track and track the sunlight, so that the plane of the photovoltaic cell (41) is set to be at a vertical angle or close to the vertical angle with the sunlight; The photovoltaic cell (41) can absorb the light energy of the sun to the greatest extent, thereby increasing the amount of photovoltaic power generation. 3. Since the plate temperature drops below 35°C, the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic power generation device (40) increases by 0.8-1.5%. 4. Photovoltaic cells (41) make the temperature of the hot air flow (31) in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) or the light-transmitting heat storage building reach 80-130°C, the efficiency of solar hot air power generation can be increased by more than 5 times, and the photoelectric conversion rate of more than 3%. 5. The concentrating system (43) makes the temperature of the hot air flow (31) in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) or the light-transmitting heat storage building reach 130-500°C, the efficiency of solar hot air power generation can be increased by more than 10 times, and the photoelectric conversion The rate reached more than 8%. 6. Theoretically, it is estimated that under the condition of zero or less financial subsidy and zero or less government investment, the comprehensive solar power generation cost of photovoltaic greenhouses that do not block the sun and have variable light intensity can be reduced to less than 0.5 yuan/kwh. It can even be reduced to 1/2 of the cost of thermal power, that is, about 0.25 yuan/kwh. If the 0.25 yuan/kwh of solar clean electricity and carbon dioxide in the air are synthesized through electrochemical processes, it can be converted into 4 to 5 yuan The "artificial gasoline and diesel oil" (alcohol, ethers) per liter makes this huge, low-carbon or zero-carbon "artificial gasoline and diesel oil" as the future liquid fuel energy. In this way, the big problem of global renewable energy is completely solved, and then the big problem of global warming is completely solved. 7. The production method of greenhouse agriculture (or factory agriculture, agricultural factory, modern agriculture) relying on solar greenhouses or solar greenhouses (1) can increase agricultural production and agricultural output value by more than 4 to 10 times. In this way, the big problem of "agricultural development, farmers' employment and prosperity, and rural urbanization" in the world has been completely solved. From then on, human society will transform and upgrade from a natural agricultural civilization economy with a history of "relying on the sky" for 10,000 years to a human-controlled agricultural civilization economy "relying on greenhouses to eat", which will trigger a natural agriculture to human-controlled economy. The social revolution of "agricultural civilization" in agriculture. 8. It is also possible to completely protect the fragile ecological environment of a large area of land by using a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1)-greenhouse to cover the land. In this way, it is easy to completely solve the big problem of the transformation and upgrading of the "ecological civilization" in the world. This will trigger a social revolution of "ecological civilization" in which human beings have transformed and upgraded from the natural ecological environment to the greenhouse ecological environment. It establishes a new development model of a three-dimensional, green, circular and sustainable "ecological civilization" society. 9. Realize low-cost, huge-volume high-temperature fermentation, and the thermal insulation fermentation system (4) makes urban organic sewage and dirt a raw material; relying on the thermal insulation fermentation system (4), it solves the problem of urban organic sewage and garbage, and the sewage and sewage waste into raw materials for food, energy and organic fertilizers. 10. Relying on the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has variable light volume, it also solves the problem of seawater desalination. 11. Find a cheap, clean and abundant green ecological joint production method of energy, agriculture and environmental protection. 12. The photovoltaic power generation device (11) directly and indirectly greatly increases the photothermal power generation capacity of the hot wind power generation system (13) in the photovoltaic greenhouse. 13. The types of photovoltaic greenhouses are greatly reduced, and the construction cost of photovoltaic greenhouses is greatly reduced.

Description of drawings

The "\" of the numeral mark in the following figures means "or". For example (85)\(86) means (85) or (86).

Fig. 1, Fig. 5 are two kinds of board posture change control devices (50) that are provided with the column-rotating board type (51), and the photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged on the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1). A schematic front or side profile of a solar-shading and variable-light photovoltaic greenhouse.

Fig. 2, Fig. 6 are 2 kinds of panel posture change control devices (50) that are provided with column-rotating panel-surface type (51) or side-rotating panel-surface type (53), and photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged in solar greenhouse or A schematic front or side sectional view of a solar greenhouse (1) that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 7 are two kinds of board attitude change control devices (50) provided with the hanging and rotating board type (52), and the photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1). A schematic front or side profile of a solar-shading and variable-light photovoltaic greenhouse.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 8 are two kinds of board posture change control devices (50) provided with the hanging and rotating board type (52), and the photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged on the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1). A schematic front or side profile of a solar-shading and variable-light photovoltaic greenhouse.

Fig. 9 is a panel posture change control device (50) provided with a column-rotating panel (51), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged on the light-transmitting roof (1.1) that can not block sunlight and the light amount can be changed A schematic front or side profile of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

Figure 10 shows that the indoor heat collection space (9) is provided with a light-transmitting floor (1.4), a light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) and a suspension panel-type panel attitude change control device (50), and the photovoltaic A schematic front or side sectional view of a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) where the battery (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) that does not block sunlight and has a variable light quantity.

Fig. 11 is a photovoltaic power generation device (40) that also includes a concentrating system (43), and a light-transmitting floor (1.4) is provided in the indoor heat collection space (9), and photovoltaic cells (41) are installed A schematic front sectional view or a schematic side sectional view of a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light.

Fig. 12 is a schematic top view of the multi-face photovoltaic cells (41) and the light-transmitting roof (1.1) arranged in a criss-cross pattern.

Fig. 13 is a schematic top view of the multi-faceted photovoltaic cells (41) and the light-transmitting roof (1.1) arranged in a criss-cross pattern.

Fig. 14 is a schematic front or side sectional view of a local solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) provided with a light-transmitting floor (1.4) and two layers of photovoltaic cells (41) in the indoor heat collecting space (9).

Fig. 15 is a schematic top view of two layers of photovoltaic cells (41) and light-transmitting floor (1.4) arranged in a criss-cross pattern.

Fig. 16 is a schematic top view of two layers of photovoltaic cells (41) and light-transmitting floor (1.4) arranged in a criss-cross pattern.

Fig. 17 is a schematic side sectional view of a photovoltaic power generation device (40) with staggered photovoltaic cells (41) arranged on the outer surface of the air duct system (6).

Fig. 18 is a schematic front or side sectional view of a photovoltaic greenhouse with a photovoltaic power generation device (40), a concentrating system (43), and a panel attitude change control device (50) that can not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light .

Fig. 19 is provided with a light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) to separate the hot air heating layer (9.2) to form a spiral hot air flow channel (9.3) of a circular solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) that can not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light. A schematic top view of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

Figure 20 shows that the air-extracting tube system (6) is set in the middle of a rectangular solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) with a light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) separating the hot air heating layer (9.2) to form a broken line hot air flow channel (9.3). A schematic top view of a photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has variable light intensity.

Fig. 21 is provided with a light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) to separate the hot air heating layer (9.2) to form a broken line hot air flow channel (9.3), and the exhaust duct system (6) is arranged on the side of the rectangular solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) A schematic top view sectional view of a photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has variable light intensity at the corner.

Fig. 22 is a schematic top plan view of an exhaust tube system (6) that is provided with a partition wall (6.3) in the tube and forms a 2-hole inner channel (6.4).

Fig. 23 is a schematic top plan view of an exhaust tube system (6) that is provided with a partition wall (6.3) in the tube and forms a 4-hole inner channel (6.4).

Fig. 24 is also provided with the partition wall (6.3) in the tube and forms the exhaust tube system (6) of 4-hole inner channel (6.4) top plan sectional sketch.

Fig. 25 is a schematic side sectional view of the diversion outlet (6.8) of the air duct system (6) provided with the heat recovery system (16), the high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17), and the high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18).

Fig. 26 is a schematic side sectional view of a photovoltaic greenhouse with a thermal insulation fermentation system (4) and a photovoltaic power generation device (40) that can not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light.

Fig. 27, Fig. 28 are the side sectional sketches of the photovoltaic greenhouse greenhouse that can not block the sunlight and the amount of light is variable with heat preservation heat storage pool (3), heat recovery system (16), photovoltaic power generation device (40), wherein Fig. 28 Be to have heat recovery system (16).

Fig. 29 is a schematic side sectional view of a photovoltaic greenhouse with a high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17), a multi-layer heat collection space (9), and a photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and can be installed on water or sea. .

Fig. 30 is a schematic process flow diagram of the heat recovery system (16).

Fig. 31 is a side sectional schematic diagram of a wind power generation system (19), which is arranged on the water and the sea and can not block the sunlight and the variable light amount of the photovoltaic greenhouse

Fig. 32 has multi-layer heat collecting space (9)--corresponding to a light-transmitting thermal storage building, photovoltaic power generation device (40), concentrating system (43) that can not block the sunlight and the photovoltaic greenhouse greenhouse with variable light quantity Side profile sketch.

Fig. 33 and Fig. 34 are side sectional sketches and top plan sketches of photovoltaic greenhouses which can not block sunlight and have variable light quantity, adding an outdoor heat collecting field (2).

Fig. 35 is a schematic top view of a plurality of photovoltaic greenhouse groups with outdoor heat collecting fields (2) that can not block sunlight and have variable light quantity.

Fig. 36 is a three-dimensional perspective schematic diagram of a group of photovoltaic greenhouses that can not block sunlight and have variable light quantity on land or on water with an outdoor heat collecting field (2) added.

Fig. 37 is a schematic three-dimensional perspective view of two photovoltaic greenhouses that can not block sunlight and have variable light intensity, which are arranged on water or sea.

Fig. 38 is a schematic side view of a photovoltaic greenhouse with an air duct system (6) arranged on the top of a mountain, which can not block the sunlight and has a variable amount of light.

Fig. 39 and Fig. 40 are side views of solar greenhouses or solar greenhouses (1) arranged on the roofs of buildings (28) and buildings (28) without blocking sunlight and with variable light intensity.

Fig. 41 is the front sectional schematic diagram of the heat preservation and fermentation system (4) floating in the warm water body (3.5) with a heat insulation layer (23) and a light-transmitting heat insulation roof surface (4.3).

detailed description

Example 1. As can be seen from Fig. 1, Fig. 12 and Fig. 13, it is provided with a plate attitude change control device (50) of column-rotating plate surface (51), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) The above photovoltaic greenhouse can not block the sunlight and the amount of light can be changed.

The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity includes a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) and a photovoltaic power generation device (40); wherein the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) includes a light-transmitting roof (1.1); the photovoltaic power generation device ( 40) It includes a photovoltaic cell (41), and its photovoltaic cell (41) is planar; it is characterized in that:

The solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) or the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes a panel posture change control device (50); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) or the panel posture change control device (50) is set (1); the structural form of the board attitude change control device (50) adopts a column-rotating plate-surface formula (51); the board-surface attitude change regulating device (50) of the column-rotating deck formula (51) adopts a pole column ( 51.1) It supports the rotation change of the photovoltaic cell (41); the panel posture change control device (50) is connected with at least one of the following devices or components or parts: solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), transparent roof (1.1) , the lower part of the photovoltaic power generation device (40), the photovoltaic cell (41);

The attitude control mode of the board attitude change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, one-dimensional uniaxial attitude adjustment, two-dimensional biaxial attitude adjustment, three-dimensional 3-axis attitude adjustment; board attitude change The regulating mechanism of the regulating device (50) includes at least one of the following, a mechanical regulating mechanism (56), a hydraulic regulating mechanism, an electrical regulating mechanism, and a magnetic regulating mechanism; wherein the mechanical regulating mechanism (56) includes at least one of the following One, a gear control mechanism, a rack control mechanism, a worm wheel control mechanism, and a worm control mechanism; the board attitude change control device (50) adjusts and controls the attitude change range of the photovoltaic cell (41): between the surface of the photovoltaic cell (41) and the Between the attitude that the sunlight ray is parallel to the attitude that the surface of the photovoltaic cell (41) is perpendicular to the sunlight ray; The angle between the sun rays is 90° between attitudes.

In the photovoltaic power generation device (40): the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes at least one of the following components: chassis (42), support mechanism (46), load controller, storage battery, inverter; Photovoltaic cells (41) can be arranged as single-sided or multi-sided; when photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged as multi-sided, from the perspective of looking down, the multi-faceted photovoltaic cells (41) or with the light-transmitting roof (1.1) or light-transmitting floor (1.4) It is arranged in a staggered shape or a staggered shape. From a side view, the multi-faceted photovoltaic cells (41) are set in a zigzag or oblique shape; 1.1) or the light-transmitting floor (1.4) accepts 50%-100% of the sunlight area; the photovoltaic cell (41) includes one or more of the following: crystalline silicon type battery, amorphous silicon type battery, thin film type battery, Flexible thin film battery, concentrator battery, multiple compound battery, dye-sensitized battery, CaAs (gallium arsenide) battery, CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) battery, CdTe (cadmium antimonide) battery, InGaP / A-type battery; Photovoltaic cell (41) includes at least one of the following structural layers; selective heat absorption coating (40.11), anti-reflection layer (40.12), reflective layer (40.13), low-emission metal layer (40.14), heat insulation layer (40.15); wherein the chassis (42) is arranged under the photovoltaic cell (41) and connected to it; the chassis (42) and at least one of the following devices or components or parts Connection, panel posture change control device (50), photovoltaic cell (41), support mechanism (46);

In the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1): the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) also includes at least one of the following components: the light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), the support system (1.3); the support system (1.3) supports the light-transmitting roof (1.1), and the light-transmitting roof (1.1) covers the lower space to form an indoor heat collecting space (9); the height of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is between 1.5-15 meters; The diameter or side length of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is between 0.05-1 km; the transparent roof (1.1) or the transparent outer wall (1.2) includes at least one of the following components: Rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22); wherein the supporting system (1.3) includes at least one of the following: supporting column frame (1.3.1), supporting beam frame (1.3.2) ;

The supporting mechanism (46) of the photovoltaic power generation device (40) is integral or homogeneous with the supporting column frame (1.3.1) of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1).

Due to the installation of the panel attitude change control device (50), for each of the different growth stages of different organisms, the panel attitude change control device (50) can adjust and control the attitude adjustment of the photovoltaic cell (41) panel to an optimal angle , so that the amount of direct sunlight can meet the optimum demand of organisms, thus greatly promoting the normal development and growth of organisms. This effectively overcomes many fatal shortcomings brought about by the fixed mode of the photovoltaic panel of the existing photovoltaic greenhouse, and avoids the defective growth of organisms.

Embodiment 2. As can be seen from Fig. 2, be to be provided with the panel attitude change control device (50) of column-rotating panel-surface formula (51) or side-rotating panel-surface formula (53), and photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged on sunlight A photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has a variable light quantity in a greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1).

It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation device (40) or the panel attitude change control device (50) is arranged in at least one of the following positions, in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), or in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) Down, inside the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1); the supporting mechanism (46) of the photovoltaic power generation device (40) or the component (53.1) of the side-rotating plate surface type (53) and the support of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) The column frame (1.3.1) is one or the same body, and it can also be a different body. All the other features are the same as in Example 1.

Embodiment 3. As can be seen from Fig. 3, it is a kind of panel attitude change control device (50) provided with a hanging and rotating panel surface (52), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) A schematic side profile of a photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has a variable amount of light. .

It is characterized in that: the structural form of the board attitude change control device (50) adopts the hanging and rotating board type (52); the control mechanism of the board attitude change control device (50) includes a mechanical control mechanism (56); its mechanical The control mechanism (56) includes a clue control mechanism (57); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) includes a suspension mechanism (47); its suspension mechanism (47) includes a suspension rope (47.1); its suspension mechanism ( 47) Set in at least one of the following positions, the support column frame (1.3.1) of the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) The supporting beam frame (1.3.2) and the photovoltaic cell (41); the supporting column frame (1.3.1) or the supporting beam frame (1.3.2) is connected to the clue control mechanism (57); the clue control mechanism (57) is connected to Suspension rope (47.1); thus, the clue regulating mechanism (57) just can regulate the posture angle of photovoltaic cell (41) board by regulating the length of suspension rope (47.1). All the other features are the same as in Example 2.

Embodiment 4. As can be seen from Fig. 4, it is a kind of panel attitude change control device (50) provided with a hanging and rotating panel surface (52), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) The above photovoltaic greenhouse can not block the sunlight and the amount of light can be changed.

It is characterized in that: the structural form of the board posture change control device (50) adopts the suspension board type (52); the board posture change control device (50) is connected to the suspension mechanism (47), and the suspension mechanism (47) The support column frame (1.3.1) of the support system (1.3) arranged in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1); the support column frame (1.3.1) is connected to the clue regulation mechanism (57); the clue regulation mechanism (57) Connect the suspension rope (47.1) or the photovoltaic cell (41); the suspension rope (47.1) connects the photovoltaic cell (41) board or the support column frame (1.3.1); thus, the clue control mechanism (57) adjusts the suspension The length of rope (47.1) just can regulate the posture angle of photovoltaic cell (41) board. All the other features are with embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3.

Embodiment 5. As can be seen from Fig. 5, it is to be provided with the panel attitude change control device (50) of the column-rotating panel formula (51), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is provided with a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) The above photovoltaic greenhouse can not block the sunlight and the amount of light can be changed.

It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes a concentrating system (43); the concentrating system (43) includes the following two types: a reflective concentrating system (43.1), a Fresnel concentrating system ( 43.3); All the other features are the same as in Example 1.

Embodiment 6. As can be seen from Fig. 6, it is provided with a panel posture change control device (50) of a column-rotating panel type (51), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) A photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has variable light intensity.

It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes a concentrating system (43); the concentrating system (43) includes the following two types: a reflective concentrating system (43.1), a Fresnel concentrating system ( 43.3); All the other features are with embodiment 2.

Embodiment 7. As can be seen from Fig. 7, it is a kind of panel attitude change control device (50) provided with a suspension panel surface (52), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) A schematic side profile of a photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has a variable amount of light.

It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes a concentrating system (43); the concentrating system (43) includes the following two types: a reflective concentrating system (43.1), a Fresnel concentrating system ( 43.3); All the other features are the same as in Example 3.

Embodiment 8. As can be seen from Fig. 8, it is a kind of panel posture change control device (50) provided with a hanging and rotating panel surface (52), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) The above photovoltaic greenhouse can not block the sunlight and the amount of light can be changed.

It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes a concentrating system (43); the concentrating system (43) includes the following two types: a reflective concentrating system (43.1), a Fresnel concentrating system ( 43.3); All the other features are the same as embodiment 4.

Embodiment 9. As can be seen from Fig. 9, one is provided with a plate attitude change control device (50) of the column-rotating plate surface (51), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged on the light-transmitting roof (1.1). Photovoltaic greenhouses with sunlight and variable light intensity.

It is characterized in that: the structural form of the board posture change control device (50) adopts a side-spin board type (53); the board posture change control device (50) of the side-spin board type (53) adopts The photovoltaic cell (41) is connected to the rotation change; the component (53.1) includes at least one of the following: pole column (51.1), support column frame (1.3.1), support beam frame (1.3.2); photovoltaic cell (41) Set in at least one of the following positions: light-transmitting roof (1.1), pole column (51.1), support column frame (1.3.1), support beam frame (1.3.2); other features are the same as in embodiment 1 to Example 8.

Embodiment 10. As can be seen from Figure 10, the indoor heat collecting space (9) is provided with a light-transmitting floor (1.4), a light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) and a suspension board-type board attitude change control device (50), and the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) and is a schematic side sectional view of a photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light.

It is characterized in that: its solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) also includes at least one of the following components: transparent roof (1.1), transparent outer wall (1.2), support system (1.3), air inlet (1.6), air outlet (1.7), light-transmitting floor (1.4), light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5), upper air port (1.8), light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9); the supporting system (1.3) supports the light-transmitting The light roof (1.1) (not shown in the figure), the light-transmitting roof (1.1) covers the lower space to form an indoor heat collection space (9); wherein the air inlet (1.6) is set in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) Outer edge; the hot air power generation system (13) is set in the exhaust duct system (6) or in the indoor heat collection space (9); the light-transmitting roof (1.1), the light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), and the oblique light-transmitting The light floor (1.4) or the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) or the light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) adopts vacuum flat glass or hollow flat glass of rigid light-transmitting material (21); the light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged on The support system (1.3) is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation device (40); the light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged on the upper or middle part of the indoor heat-collecting space (9), and a layer of light-transmitting floor (1.4) separates the indoor heat-collecting The thermal space (9) is divided into 2 layers, so that the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is equivalent to a light-transmitting heat storage building; the bottom layer of the light-transmitting heat storage building is an agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) with constant temperature and humidity. Above the greenhouse layer (9.1) is a single-layer hot air heating layer (9.2) whose temperature increases gradually; The light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) separates the hot air heating layer (9.2) to form a spiral or broken line hot air flow channel (9.3); its air outlet (1.7) also connects the hot air heating layer (9.2), hot air flow Road (9.3); its light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) is set on the light-transmitting roof (1.1), light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), light-transmitting floor (1.4); its light-transmitting outer wall (1.2) is set On the periphery of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1); the air outlet (1.7) is also connected to the bottom or lower part of the exhaust duct system (6) and the hot air heating layer (9.2); the upper air outlet (1.8) is arranged on the light-transmitting floor (1.4 ). All the other features are the same as in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 8.

Embodiment 11. As can be seen from Figure 11, it is a kind of photovoltaic power generation device (40) that also includes a concentrating system (43), and a light-transmitting floor (1.4) is provided in the indoor heat collection space (9). And the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) which can not block the sunlight and has a variable light amount.

It is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes a concentrating system (43); the concentrating system (43) includes the following two types: a reflective concentrating system (43.1), a Fresnel concentrating system (43.3); the indoor heat collection space (9) is provided with a light-transmitting floor (1.4); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) and the photovoltaic cell (41) are arranged in a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1), and the indoor collection Among the hot air heating layer (9.2) on the hot space (9) top. All the other features are the same as in Example 10.

Example 12. It can be seen from Fig. 14, Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 that a light-transmitting floor (1.4) and two layers of photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged in the indoor heat collecting space (9), and the photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged in a solar greenhouse Or a photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity in the solar greenhouse (1).

It is characterized in that: a light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged in the indoor heat collecting space (9), and the photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged in two layers in height; the two layers of photovoltaic cells are arranged in the hot air heating layer (9.2) (41); Wherein, Fig. 15 is that 2 layers of photovoltaic cells (41) and light-transmitting floor (1.4) are arranged in interlaced shape; Wherein, Fig. 16 is 2 layers of photovoltaic cells (41) and light-transmitting floor ( 1.4) It is arranged in a staggered shape; other features are the same as in Embodiment 10.

Embodiment 13 is a photovoltaic greenhouse with a photovoltaic power generation device (40) provided with a cooling system (44) that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light. It is characterized by:

The photovoltaic power generation device (40) adopts a cooling system (44), which is not shown in the figure; its cooling system (44) includes at least one of the following: a gas or steam cooling system (44.1), a liquid cooling system (44.2) , heat pump cooling system (44.3), heat pipe cooling system (44.4), fin cooling system (44.5), fin tube cooling system (44.6); other features are the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 1-embodiment 12:

Embodiment 14. As can be seen from Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 29, Fig. 30, Fig. 37, and Fig. 41, it is a kind of solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), exhaust duct system (6), hot wind power generation The system (13), the photovoltaic power generation device (40), the concentrating system (43), the cooling system (44), and the panel attitude change control device (50) can not block the sunlight and the photovoltaic greenhouse with variable light quantity. It is characterized by:

The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sun and has variable light quantity also includes a thermal storage hot water pool (3), a thermal insulation fermentation system (4), a lighting system (10), a combustion heating system (11), and a heat recovery system (16). , wind power generation system (19), the photovoltaic greenhouse greenhouse that can not block sunlight and variable light quantity is arranged on the ground (the left half figure of Fig. 18) or on the water surface or on the sea (right half figure of Fig. 18); Its solar greenhouse Or the solar greenhouse (1) is circular in plane shape; its height is between 1.5-150 meters; its diameter or side length is between 0.05-20 kilometers; wherein:

In the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1): the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) (left half of Figure 18) also includes at least one of the following components: transparent roof (1.1), support system (1.3), air inlet (1.6), air outlet (1.7), light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), oblique light-transmitting floor (1.4), light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5), upper air opening (1.8 ), light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9); the support system (1.3) supports the light-transmitting roof (1.1) (not shown in the figure), and the light-transmitting roof (1.1) covers the lower space to form an indoor heat collecting space (9) wherein the air inlet (1.6) is arranged on the outer edge of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1); Rigid light-transmitting materials (21 ) of vacuum flat glass or hollow flat glass; the oblique light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged on the support system (1.3) and is provided with a photovoltaic power generation device (40); the oblique light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged on In the upper or middle part of the indoor heat collecting space (9), an oblique light-transmitting floor (1.4) divides the indoor heat collecting space (9) into two layers, so that the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is equivalent to a Light-transmitting heat-storage building; the bottom layer of the light-transmitting heat-storage building is an agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) with constant temperature and humidity, and a single-layer hot air heating layer (9.2) with gradually increasing temperature is arranged above the agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1). ); the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) is arranged between the light-transmitting roof (1.1) and the oblique light-transmitting floor (1.4); the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) separates the hot air heating layer (9.2) to form Spiral or broken-line hot air runner (9.3); its air outlet (1.7) is also connected to the hot air heating layer (9.2) and hot air runner (9.3); its light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) is set on the light-transmitting roof (1.1), light-transmitting exterior wall (1.2), light-transmitting floor (1.4); its light-transmitting exterior wall (1.2) is set on the periphery of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1); the air outlet (1.7) is also connected The bottom or lower part of the exhaust duct system (6) and the hot air heating layer (9.2); the upper air port (1.8) is arranged on the light-transmitting floor (1.4),

Among them, the features of the photovoltaic power generation device (40), the concentrating system (43), and the panel posture change control device (50) are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment 1-embodiment 13: the area of the photovoltaic power generation device (40) blocking sunlight accounts for 10% of the light-transmitting roof ( 1.1) Accept 70%-80% of the sunlight area; in the air extraction tube system (6): the middle part of the air extraction tube system (6) is a ventilated inner hole (6.4); its exhaust tube system (6) is a rigid cylinder (6.5), which includes a tube chimney (6.1), a tube building (6.2), an inner channel (6.4), a diversion outlet (6.8), and a heat collector system (20); the inner channel (6.4) is a single hole; the ventilation The tube system (6) adopts a straight tube; its height is between 600-1500 meters, its diameter is between 80-200 meters; its wall thickness is between 0.5-30 meters; the exhaust tube system (6) is arranged in a solar greenhouse or The middle part of the solar greenhouse (1);

In the hot wind power generation system (13): its hot wind power generation system (13) includes at least one of the following components, wind turbine (13.1), generator (13.2); wherein the wind turbine (13.1) adopts a horizontal shaft formula; hot wind power generation system (13) is arranged on the lower end of exhaust duct system (6);

Among the heat preservation heat storage pools (3): the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) is arranged at the lower part or the bottom of the indoor heat collecting space (9); the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) includes at least one of the following components: The thermal insulation pool wall (3.1) also includes at least one of the following components: pool bottom (3.2), thermal insulation pool bottom (3.3), light-transmitting pool top cover (3.4), warm water body (3.5), closed The pool top cover (3.6); the heat insulating pool wall (3.1) includes a rigid heat insulating pool wall (3.1.1); the enclosed heat insulating pool wall (3.1) constitutes a thermal insulation storage tank with a heat insulating pool bottom (3.3) The hot water pool (3); the depth of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) is between 6-25 meters; the heat insulation pool wall (3.1) and heat insulation pool bottom (3.3) of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) include heat insulation Insulation layer (23): the volume of the fermentation container (4.1) of the insulation fermentation system (4) is between 2000-10,000 m ³ , and its volume accounts for about 5% of the volume of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3);

In the heat preservation fermentation system (4): the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) is arranged at the lower part or bottom of the indoor heat collection space (9); the heat preservation fermentation system (4) includes at least one of the following components: fermentation container (4.1), the thermal insulation layer (23), also includes at least one of the following components: the light-transmitting and heat-insulating top cover surface (4.3); its fermentation container (4.1) includes at least one of the following Components: rigid fermentation container (4.1.1), flexible fermentation container (4.1.2); fermentation container (4.1) connected to the heat recovery system (16);

Wherein the lighting system (10) is arranged on the agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) inside the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), and the circuit of the lighting system (10) is connected to at least one of the following devices, the photovoltaic power generation device (40 ), hot wind power generation system (13): the light irradiation system (10) includes LED lights; the drawing does not draw the light irradiation system (10);

In the combustion heating system (11): the combustion heating system (11) is arranged at the bottom or the lower part of the exhaust duct system (6); the combustion heating system (11) includes combustion equipment (11.1), combustion chamber (11.2), fuel Delivery pipeline (11.3);

In the heat recovery system (16)): the heat recovery system (16) is arranged in the following positions: solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), exhaust duct system (6), heat preservation heat storage pool (3); heat recovery system ( 16) Including the following systems, liquid recovery system, heat pump recovery system, heat pipe recovery system; the heat absorption end or upper end of the recovery system (16) is connected or communicated with the air outlet or upper end of the exhaust tube system (6) , the heat release end or lower end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected or communicated with the following positions; the indoor heat collection space (9), the hot air heating layer (9.2), and the hot air runner (9.3); the heat recovery system (16) includes at least There are the following equipment, heat absorption equipment (16.1), heat transfer pipeline (16.2), heat release equipment (16.3), drive or compression equipment (16.4), heat storage equipment (16.5), heat transfer working medium (16.6); In the heat recovery system (16), the heat absorption device (16.1) is arranged at the heat absorption end or the upper end of the heat recovery system (16); the heat release device (16.3) is arranged at the heat release end or the lower end of the heat recovery system (16) ; The heat transfer pipeline (16.2) is arranged between the heat absorbing device (16.1) and the heat releasing device (16.3), and the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) is connected or communicated with the heat absorbing device (16.1) and the heat releasing device (16.3); The driving or compressing equipment (16.4) is arranged in the heat transfer pipeline (16.2), and the driving or compressing equipment (16.4) is connected or communicated with the heat transfer pipeline (16.2); the inside of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes heat transfer equipment quality (16.6); the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes an insulation layer on the outside;

In the wind power generation system (19): the wind power generation system (19) is arranged at the chimney (6.1) position of the exhaust duct system (6);

All the other features are the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 1-embodiment 13.

Example 15. From Fig. 20, Fig. 21, Fig. 22, Fig. 23, Fig. 24, Fig. 28, Fig. 29, and Fig. 30, it can be known that a photovoltaic power generation device (40) adopts a concentrating system (43) and a cooling system (44) 1. A photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light for the panel attitude control system (50). It is characterized by:

The exhaust tube system (6) includes a partition wall (6.3) inside the tube; the partition wall (6.3) in the tube separates the inner channel (6.4) into multiple holes; the porous inner channel (6.4) includes one or more of the following: medium temperature channel ( 6.4.1), high-temperature tunnel (6.4.2), ultra-high-temperature tunnel (6.4.3); among them, the high-temperature air outlet (43.2.8) of the concentrating system (43) is also connected with the following At least one of the positions, medium temperature tunnel (6.4.1), high temperature tunnel (6.4.2), ultra high temperature tunnel (6.4.3). All the other features are the same as in Embodiment 14.

Embodiment 16. As can be seen from Fig. 10 and Fig. 11, it is a photovoltaic greenhouse that is provided with a horizontal light-transmitting floor (1.4), two kinds of photovoltaic power generation devices (40) that can not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light. It is characterized by:

Among them, in Fig. 10, the relative position of the photovoltaic power generation devices (40) is arranged in a staggered up and down position; between the photovoltaic power generation devices (40), a horizontal light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged, and its horizontal light-transmitting The floor (1.4) divides the indoor heat-collecting space (9) into two layers, so that the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is equivalent to a light-transmitting heat-storage building; the bottom layer of the light-transmitting heat-storage building is constant temperature and humidity The agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1), on the agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1), there is a single-layer hot air heating layer (9.2) with gradually increasing temperature; in this way, the hot air flow (31) first flows through the photovoltaic power generation device (40), Then flow through the selective heat-absorbing surface (41.1), so that the temperature of the hot air flow (31) is gradually heated up, and the temperature reaches about 60-120°C. Further improve power generation efficiency;

Wherein in Fig. 11, a layer of horizontal light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged below the photovoltaic power generation device (40); therefore, the hot air heating layer (9.2) has two upper and lower layers; the temperature of the lower hot air heating layer (9.2) Around 60°C to avoid high temperature from reducing the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation device (40); in the upper hot air heating layer (9.2), the temperature of the hot air flow (31) is around 60-120°C.

All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 15.

Embodiment 17. As can be seen from Fig. 20 and Fig. 21, it is a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) whose planar shape adopts a rectangular or square photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has variable light intensity. Wherein in Fig. 20, the exhaust duct system (6) is arranged in the middle part of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1); wherein in Fig. 21, the exhaust duct system (6) is arranged at the corner of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) . All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 16.

Example 18. From Fig. 26, Fig. 27, Fig. 28 and Fig. 31, it can be seen that the light-transmitting roof (1.1) of a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) adopts a rigid light-transmitting material (21) and a flexible light-transmitting material (22) without blocking sunlight Photovoltaic greenhouses with variable and light intensity. The dotted line in the figure is the light-transmitting roof (1.1) using flexible light-transmitting material (22), and the rest of the features are the same as those in Embodiment 14-Embodiment 17.

Embodiment 19. As can be seen from Figure 32, it is a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) that is provided with a multi-layer hot air heating layer (9.2) that can not block sunlight and a photovoltaic greenhouse with variable light intensity. Among them, the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) is set in the right half of the figure, and the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) separates the hot air heating layer (9.2) to form a spiral or broken line hot air flow channel (9.3); other features With embodiment 14-embodiment 19.

Embodiment 20. From Fig. 18, Fig. 22, Fig. 23, Fig. 24, Fig. 25, Fig. 28, Fig. 30, it can be seen that it is a photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block the sunlight and has a variable amount of light with the heat recovery system (16).

It is characterized in that: the heat recovery system (16) is set in at least one of the following positions: solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), exhaust duct system (6), heat preservation and heat storage pool (3); wherein the heat recovery system (16 ) includes at least one of the following systems, liquid heat recovery system, heat pump heat recovery system, heat pipe heat recovery system; the heat absorption end or upper end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected or communicated with the exhaust tube system (6) The air outlet or upper end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected to or communicated with at least one of the following positions: in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), in the indoor heat collecting space (9), in the ventilation The air inlet or lower end of the cylinder system (6); the heat recovery system (16) includes at least the following equipment, heat absorption equipment (16.1), heat transfer pipeline (16.2), heat release equipment (16.3), drive or compression equipment (16.4), heat storage equipment (16.5), heat transfer medium (16.6), among which the driving or compression equipment (16.4), heat storage equipment (16.5), heat transfer medium (16.6) are not shown in the figure; In the thermal system (16), the heat absorbing device (16.1) is arranged at the heat absorbing end or the upper end of the heat recovery system (16); the heat releasing device (16.3) is arranged at the heat releasing end or the lower end of the heat recovery system (16); The transfer pipeline (16.2) is not placed between the heat-absorbing equipment (16.1) and the heat-radiating equipment (16.3), and the heat-transfer pipeline (16.2) is connected or communicated with the heat-absorbing equipment (16.1) and the heat-radiating equipment (16.3); Or the compression equipment (16.4) is arranged in the heat transfer pipeline (16.2), and the driving or compression equipment (16.4) is connected or communicated with the heat transfer pipeline (16.2); the inside of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes a heat transfer working medium (16.6); the outer surface of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes an insulating layer. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 19.

Embodiment 21. As can be seen from Fig. 25 and Fig. 29, it is a photovoltaic greenhouse with a variable amount of light that does not block sunlight and is provided with a high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17) and a high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18).

It is characterized in that: the high-altitude cooling energy drop utilization system (17) and the high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18) are arranged on the cylinder body of the exhaust tube system (6); the high-altitude cooling energy drop utilization system (17) includes the following components, drainage Bucket (17.1), drainage pipe (17.2), induced draft fan (17.3), drainage valve (17.4), spray water mist equipment (17.5), of which the induced draft fan (17.3) and drainage valve (17.4) are not shown in the figure; The high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18) includes the following components: spraying water mist equipment (18.1), condensing equipment (18.2), collecting equipment (18.3), seawater pipeline (18.4), freshwater descending pipeline (18.5), wherein The water pipeline (18.4) is not shown in the figure; its water spray equipment (17.5) and water spray equipment (18.1) can be the same equipment; its condensing equipment (18.2) and heat absorption equipment (16.1) can be the same equipment, Its fresh water descending pipeline (18.5) and heat transfer pipeline (16.2) can be the same equipment; the spraying water mist equipment (18.1) can also be set in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) or the bottom of the exhaust duct system (6) Also the lower part; the fresh water descending pipeline (18.5) and the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) can also be arranged in the cold energy descending hole (6.4.5); the high-altitude condensing fresh water system (18) is connected to the cooling system (44) or focuses on heat absorption surface (43.2). All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 20.

Embodiment 22. As can be seen from Fig. 33, Fig. 34, Fig. 35, and Fig. 36, it is a photovoltaic greenhouse that is provided with an outdoor heat-collecting wall (7) that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light.

It is characterized in that: the outdoor heat-collecting enclosure (7) is set outside the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) and forms an outdoor heat-collecting field (2); wherein the outdoor heat-collecting enclosure (7) includes at least the following One component: rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22), support system (1.3); the planar shape of the outdoor heat collecting field (2) includes one or more of the following: cylindrical ring shape , 4 side cylinder rings; the outdoor heat collecting field (2) includes a multi-circle outdoor heat collecting enclosure (7), and the bottom of the outdoor heat collecting enclosure (7) of the inner ring is opened without a wall. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 21.

Example 23. As can be seen from Fig. 18 and Fig. 31, it is a photovoltaic greenhouse with a wind power generation system (19) that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity.

It is characterized in that: the wind power generation system (19) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: the exhaust duct system (6), the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the light-transmitting thermal storage building (8 ) on the support system (1.3). Because the tower tower (19.2) of the offshore wind power generation system (19) accounts for about half of its total cost, the tower tower (19.2) has multiple functions to save costs and reduce investment by 30-60%. Offshore wind power projects. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 22.

Embodiment 24. It can be seen from Fig. 38 that the ventilation tube system (6) is arranged on the top of the mountain and can not block the sunlight and the photovoltaic greenhouse with variable light quantity.

It is characterized in that: the exhaust duct system (6) is arranged on the top of the mountain. Utilize the peak height to increase the draft force and power generation of the exhaust duct system (6); or reduce the height of the exhaust duct system (6) to reduce the cost. Solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) can also be arranged on the hillside. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 23.

Example 25. It can be seen from Fig. 39 and Fig. 40 that solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is arranged on the building (28) and can not block the sunlight and the variable light quantity photovoltaic greenhouse greenhouse.

It is characterized in that: the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) is arranged at least one of the following positions: on the roof of the building (28) or on the roof of the building (28) group. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 24.

The solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is arranged on the roof of buildings (28) and buildings (28), and the light-transmitting outer wall surface (1.2) is arranged on the outer walls of the buildings (28), forming Small, miniature photovoltaic greenhouses that can not block the sun and have variable light; this can make full use of urban space for agriculture and energy production. The light-transmitting exterior wall surface (1.2) and the light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) can also be used as structural parts and decorative parts of the exterior wall, and have an efficient heat insulation layer function; it not only greatly reduces the energy consumption of buildings, but also can Generate electricity, generate heat, kill five birds with one stone. In Fig. 40, the covered area of a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) can be extended to a group of buildings (28) or a whole block. In summer, the exhaust duct system (6) can also be used as the drainage duct (17.2) of the high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17) to transport the high-altitude cold air (which can be as low as minus 70 degrees) to the ground, as a building (28) A cooling source for cooling groups or entire blocks. The characteristics of the high-altitude cooling energy reduction utilization system (17) are the same as those in Embodiment 21. In winter, the hot wind power generation system (13) can also provide electric heating for buildings (28) or the whole block. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 24.

Embodiment 26. As can be seen from FIG. 18 , it is a photovoltaic greenhouse with a pumped storage power generation system ( 12 ) that can not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light. It is characterized in that the pumped storage power generation system (12) at least includes at least one of the following components, the lower reservoir (12.1), pumping equipment (12.2), upper reservoir (12.3), hydroelectric power generation equipment (12.4), transmission Water pipeline (12.5); the water pumping equipment (12.2), hydroelectric power generation equipment (12.4), and water delivery pipeline (12.5) are not shown in the figure; the upper reservoir (12.3) is set on the upper or middle part of the suction tube system (6) ; Pumping equipment (12.2) includes at least AC electric pumping equipment (12.2.1) or DC electric pumping equipment (12.2.2); among them, heat preservation heat storage pool (3), lower water reservoir (12.1), heat storage equipment (16.5) It can be the same equipment, and the heat-absorbing equipment (16.1) and the upper reservoir (12.3) can be the same equipment. All the other features are the same as embodiment 14-embodiment 25.

Claims (10)

1. The solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) and the photovoltaic power generation device (40) that can not block sunlight and whose light quantity is variable include solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1); wherein the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1) includes at least one of the following components, The light-transmitting roof (1.1), the light-transmitting floor (1.4); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) includes a photovoltaic cell (41); it is characterized in that: At least one of the following devices or components or components also includes a panel attitude change control device (50), a solar greenhouse or a greenhouse (1), a photovoltaic power generation device (40), and a photovoltaic cell (41); The photovoltaic power generation device (40) or the photovoltaic cell (41) or the panel posture change control device (50) is arranged at least one of the following positions: on the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the transparent roof (1.1), In the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), under the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), inside the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the light-transmitting floor (1.4), and the ground. 2. The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: The panel posture change control device (50) adjusts and controls the variation range of the photovoltaic cell (41) posture to be: from the posture parallel to the photovoltaic cell (41) surface to the sunlight ray to the vertical posture of the photovoltaic cell (41) surface and the sunlight ray or between the two postures in which the angle between the photovoltaic cell (41) surface and the sunlight ray is 0° to the photovoltaic cell (41) surface and the sunlight ray angle is 90°; The panel attitude control system (50) adjusts and controls the panel attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) to automatically track and track sunlight rays, and the panel attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) includes at least one of the following, the photovoltaic cell (41) surface The attitude is perpendicular to or nearly perpendicular to the sun ray, the attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) is parallel to or nearly parallel to the sun ray, and the attitude of the photovoltaic cell (41) is oblique to the sun ray. 3. The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: The panel posture change control device (50) is connected with at least one of the following devices or components or parts: solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), light-transmitting roof (1.1), light-transmitting floor (1.4), photovoltaic power generation device (40), the upper part of the photovoltaic cell (41), the middle part of the photovoltaic cell (41), the lower part of the photovoltaic cell (41), the side part of the photovoltaic cell (41), and the ground; Wherein, the plate surface of the photovoltaic cell (41) is planar or curved; The attitude control mode of the panel attitude change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, one-dimensional single-axis attitude adjustment, two-dimensional two-axis attitude adjustment, three-dimensional three-axis attitude adjustment; The structural form of the board attitude change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, column-rotating board type (51), hanging rotating board type (52), side-spinning board type (53); The control mechanism of the panel posture change control device (50) includes at least one of the following, a mechanical control mechanism (56), a hydraulic control mechanism, an electrical control mechanism, and a magnetic force control mechanism. 4. The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation device (40) also includes at least one of the following components: chassis (42), concentrating system (43), cooling system (44), light-transmitting shell (45), support mechanism (46), Suspension mechanism (47), load controller, storage battery, inverter; Wherein, the photovoltaic cell (41) is planar or curved; Photovoltaic cells (41) can be arranged as single-sided or multi-sided; when photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged as multi-sided, from the perspective of looking down, the multi-faceted photovoltaic cells (41) or with the light-transmitting roof (1.1) or light-transmitting floor (1.4) It is set in a staggered shape or a staggered shape; Photovoltaic cells (41) can be arranged as a single layer or multilayers in height; when photovoltaic cells (41) are arranged as multilayers, from a top view, the photovoltaic cells (41) of the upper and lower layers are arranged in a staggered shape or Interlaced. 5. The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is arranged in one of the following positions: on the ground, on the mountain, on the building (28), on the building group, on the water, on the sea; its plane shape includes one of the following: Type or several: rectangle, square, circle, polygon; In a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1): Its solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) also includes at least one of the following components: light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), support system (1.3), light-transmitting floor (1.4), light-transmitting inner partition wall ( 1.5), air inlet (1.6), air outlet (1.7), upper air inlet (1.8), light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9); The height of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is between 1.5 and 150 meters; the diameter or side length of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is between 0.05 and 20 kilometers; Its supporting system (1.3) supports the transparent roof (1.1) or the transparent floor (1.4), and the transparent roof (1.1) or the transparent floor (1.4) covers the lower space to form an indoor heat collecting space (9); Wherein the air inlet (1.6) connects the outdoor space and the indoor heat collecting space (9); The light-transmitting roof (1.1) or the light-transmitting exterior wall (1.2) or the light-transmitting floor (1.4) or the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) or the light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) includes at least one of the following A component: a rigid light-transmitting material (21), a flexible light-transmitting material (22); the supporting system (1.3) includes at least one of the following: supporting column frame (1.3.1), supporting beam frame ( 1.3.2); wherein the air inlet (1.6) is set at the outer edge of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1); Its light-transmitting floor (1.4) is set in the upper or middle or lower part of the indoor heat collecting space (9). The light-transmitting floor (1.4) includes one or more layers. The space (9) is divided into multiple layers, so that the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1) is equivalent to a light-transmitting heat storage building; the bottom layer of the light-transmitting heat storage building is an agricultural greenhouse layer (9.1) with constant temperature and humidity. On the layer (9.1) is a single-layer or multi-layer hot air heating layer (9.2) whose temperature gradually increases; The light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) is arranged at least one of the following positions: between the light-transmitting roof (1.1) and the light-transmitting floor (1.4), between the light-transmitting floor (1.4) and the light-transmitting floor (1.4) ), between the light-transmitting floor (1.4) and the ground or water surface, and inside the hot-air heating layer (9.2); Air runner (9.3); its air outlet (1.7) is also connected with hot air heating layer (9.2) or hot air runner (9.3); The light-transmitting and heat-insulating layer (1.9) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: the light-transmitting roof (1.1), the light-transmitting outer wall (1.2), the light-transmitting floor (1.4), the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5 ), the upper surface and the lower surface of the light-transmitting roof (1.1), the upper surface and the lower surface of the light-transmitting floor (1.4), and the photovoltaic power generation device (40). 6. The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: The photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity also includes at least one of the following systems: exhaust duct system (6), hot wind power generation system (13), thermal storage hot water pool (3), thermal insulation fermentation system ( 4), outdoor heat collecting enclosure (7), lighting system (10), combustion heating system (11), pumped storage power generation system (12), heat recovery system (16), high-altitude cooling energy drop utilization system (17) , high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18), wind power generation system (19), heat collector system (20); Wherein, the thermal heat storage pool (3) is arranged at the lower part or the bottom of the indoor heat collecting space (9); Wherein, the thermal insulation fermentation system (4) is arranged in the middle or lower part or bottom of the indoor heat collecting space (9); Among them, the middle part of the exhaust duct system (6) is a ventilated inner channel (6.4); the exhaust duct system (6) includes one or more of the following components: chimney (6.1), duct building (6.2), duct Inner partition (6.3), inner channel (6.4), rigid cylinder (6.5), flexible cylinder (6.6), rigid-flexible mixing cylinder (6.7), diversion outlet (6.8), heat collector system (20); The inner channel (6.4) includes a single hole or multiple holes; the partition wall (6.3) in the cylinder separates the inner channel (6.4) into multiple holes; the porous inner channel (6.4) includes one or more of the following: medium temperature channel (6.4.1 ), high temperature channels (6.4.2), ultra-high temperature channels (6.4.3), cold energy drop channels (6.4.5); Wherein, the hot wind power generation system (13) includes at least one of the following components, wind turbine (13.1), generator (13.2); The lower part of (6), the inside of the exhaust duct system (6), the inside of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), the inside of the indoor heat collecting space (9); in the hot wind power generation system (13): the wind turbine (13.1) Adopt the horizontal axis type. Wherein, the outdoor heat collecting wall (7) is arranged outside the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) and encloses to form an outdoor heat collecting field (2); Wherein, the light irradiation system (10) is arranged in the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), and the circuit of the light irradiation system (10) is connected with at least one of the following devices, photovoltaic power generation device (40), hot wind power generation system ( 13): Wherein, the combustion heating system (11) is arranged at the bottom or the lower part of the exhaust duct system (6); Wherein, the pumped storage power generation system (12) is arranged on the upper or middle part of the exhaust duct system (6); Wherein, the heat recovery system (16) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), exhaust duct system (6), heat preservation and heat storage pool (3); Among them, the high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17) and the high-altitude condensed fresh water system (18) are arranged on the cylinder body of the exhaust duct system (6); Wherein, the wind power generation system (19) can also be arranged in at least one of the following positions: the exhaust duct system (6), the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the light-transmitting thermal storage building (8 ) on the support system (1.3); Wherein, the heat collector system (20) is arranged on the side facing the sunlight of the exhaust duct system (6). 7. The photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: Among them, the panel posture change control device (50) of the column-rotating panel type (51) adopts the pole column (51.1) to support the rotation change of the photovoltaic cell (41); Among them, the board posture change control device (50) of the hanging and rotating board type (52) adopts the suspension rope (47.1) to suspend the photovoltaic cell (41) to rotate and change; Among them, the side-rotating plate surface type (53) plate attitude change control device (50) adopts the rotation change of the component (53.1) connected to the side of the photovoltaic cell (41); the component (53.1) includes at least one of the following: Pole column (51.1), support column frame (1.3.1), support beam frame (1.3.2); Wherein, the mechanical control mechanism (56) includes at least one of the following, the thread control mechanism (57), the gear control mechanism, the rack control mechanism, the worm wheel control mechanism, and the worm screw control mechanism. 8. According to claim 1 or claim 4, the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light; it is characterized in that: In the photovoltaic power generation device (40): The sun-shielding area of the photovoltaic cell (41) accounts for 50% to 100% of the sun-receiving area of the light-transmitting roof (1.1) or light-transmitting floor (1.4); When the photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a multi-faceted manner, the multi-faceted photovoltaic cell (41) is arranged in a sawtooth or oblique shape when viewed from a side view; For the upper and lower relative positions of the photovoltaic cell (41) and the photovoltaic cell (41), at least one of the following staggered position settings can be adopted: the upper and lower positions are staggered, and the rear and front positions are staggered; The plane or inner curved surface of the photovoltaic cell (41) faces the sunlight vertically or obliquely; angle or near vertical angle; Photovoltaic cells (41) include one or more of the following: crystalline silicon cells, amorphous silicon cells, thin film cells, flexible thin film cells, concentrating cells, multiple compound cells, dye-sensitized cells , CaAs (gallium arsenide) battery, CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) battery, CdTe (cadmium antimonide) battery, InGaP/A battery; Photovoltaic cells (41) include at least one of the following structural layers; selective heat-absorbing coating (40.11), anti-reflection layer (40.12), light-reflecting layer (40.13), low-emission metal layer (40.14), barrier thermosphere(40.15); Wherein, the underframe (42) is arranged under the photovoltaic cell (41) and connected thereto; the underframe (42) is connected with at least one of the following devices or components or parts, and the panel attitude change control device (50 ), photovoltaic cell (41), support mechanism (46), suspension mechanism (47); Wherein, the concentrating system (43) includes at least one of the following: reflective concentrating system (43.1), refracting concentrating system (43.2), Fresnel concentrating system (43.3); Wherein, the cooling system (44) is arranged on the chassis (42) of the photovoltaic cell (41); the cooling system (44) is arranged on at least one of the following positions: the back of the photovoltaic cell (41), the chassis (42), Concentrating system (43); cooling system (44) includes at least one of the following: gas or steam cooling system (44.1), liquid cooling system (44.2), heat pump cooling system (44.3), heat pipe cooling system (44.4 ), finned cooling system (44.5), finned tube cooling system (44.6); Wherein, the light-transmitting casing (45) is arranged outside or on the top of the photovoltaic cell (41); Wherein, the supporting mechanism (46) and the supporting column frame (1.3.1) of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1) are integrated or homogeneous, or heterogeneous; Wherein, the suspension mechanism (47) includes a suspension rope (47.1); the board attitude control system (50) can be connected with the suspension rope (47.1); its suspension mechanism (47) is arranged in at least one of the following Location, support column frame (1.3.1) of the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), support beam frame (1.3.2) of the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1), Photovoltaic cells (41). 9. According to claim 5 or claim 6, the photovoltaic greenhouse that does not block sunlight and has a variable amount of light; it is characterized in that: In a solar greenhouse or greenhouse (1): Wherein, the light-transmitting outer wall surface (1.2) is arranged on the periphery of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1); Wherein, the light-transmitting floor (1.4) is arranged on the support system (1.3); the light-transmitting floor (1.4) can also be provided with a photovoltaic power generation device (40); Wherein, the air outlet (1.7) is connected to the exhaust duct system (6) and the indoor heat collecting space (9), or the air outlet (1.7) is connected to the top or upper part of the exhaust duct system (6) and the indoor heat collecting space (9); The air port (1.7) also communicates with at least one of the following positions: the bottom or lower part of the exhaust duct system (6), the top or upper part of the indoor heat collection space (9), the hot air heating layer (9.2), the focusing photovoltaic cell (41.1 ) high temperature air inlet (43.2.7); Wherein, the upper air port (1.8) is arranged in at least one of the following positions: photovoltaic power generation device (40), light-transmitting floor (1.4), which communicates with the agricultural greenhouse layer (8.1) and the hot air heating layer (9.2); Its light-transmitting outer wall (1.2) or light-transmitting floor (1.4) or light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) or light-transmitting heat insulation layer (1.9) includes at least one of the following components, rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22); The light-transmitting outer wall (1.2) or the light-transmitting floor (1.4) or the light-transmitting inner partition wall (1.5) or the light-transmitting heat-insulating layer (1.9) is provided with a light-transmitting heat-insulating layer (1.9); Layer (1.9) comprising at least one of the following components: airgel insulation (1.9.1), vacuum insulation (1.9.2), air insulation (1.9.3), foam insulation layer (1.9.4), light-transmitting adhesive heat insulation layer (1.9.5). 10. According to content 6, the photovoltaic greenhouse that can not block sunlight and has variable light quantity is characterized in that: Wherein, the thermal heat storage pool (3) includes at least one of the following parts: heat insulation pool wall (3.1), and also includes at least one of the following parts: pool bottom (3.2), heat insulation pool bottom (3.3), light-transmitting pool top cover (3.4), warm water body (3.5), closed pool top cover (3.6); its heat-insulating pool wall (3.1) includes at least one of the following, rigid heat-insulating pool wall (3.1.1), flexible heat-insulating pool wall (3.1.2); the enclosed heat-insulating pool wall (3.1) constitutes a heat-insulating heat storage pool with or without a pool bottom (3.2) or a heat-insulating pool bottom (3.3) 3); the light-transmitting pool top cover (3.4) or the closed pool top cover (3.6) covers the warm water body (3.5); the depth of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) is between 3-250 meters; the heat preservation heat storage pool (3) The thermal insulation pool wall (3.1) and the thermal insulation pool bottom (3.3) include a thermal insulation layer (23): the flexible thermal insulation pool wall (3.1.2) includes at least one of the following, organic fiber, inorganic Fiber; the volume of the fermentation container (4.1) of the heat preservation fermentation system (4) is between 1 million and 500,000 m ³ , and its volume accounts for about 1-20% of the volume of the heat preservation heat storage pool (3); Wherein, the thermal insulation fermentation system (4) includes at least one of the following parts: fermentation container (4.1), heat insulation layer (23), also includes a light-transmitting heat-insulation top cover (4.3); the fermentation container (4.1) includes at least one of the following components: rigid fermentation container (4.1.1), flexible fermentation container (4.1.2); fermentation container (4.1) connected to the heat recovery system (16); Among them, the flexible cylinder (6.2) includes at least one of the following: an inflatable cylinder ((6.21), a cloth membrane cylinder (6.22); a flexible cylinder (6.2) or a rigid-flexible mixing cylinder (6.3) Instead of the rigid cylinder (6.1); the high-temperature air outlet (43.2.8) is also connected to at least one of the following positions of the exhaust system (6), medium-temperature tunnel (6.4.1), high-temperature tunnel (6.4.2), The ultra-high temperature tunnel (6.4.3); the exhaust duct system (6) adopts at least one of the following three-dimensional shapes: straight tube, cone tube, inverted cone tube, Venturi tube shape, throat shape, hyperbolic shape, tapered shape Shape, three-sided cylinder, four-sided cylinder, five-sided cylinder, six-sided cylinder, multi-sided cylinder; its height is between 0.01-20 kilometers, its diameter is between 20-5000 meters; its wall thickness is between 0.05-150 meters; The lower end of the exhaust duct system (6) is connected to the upper part of the indoor heat collecting space (9), and the exhaust duct system (6) is arranged in one of the following positions: the middle part of the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse (1), the solar greenhouse or the solar greenhouse ( 1), the corner of the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1); the photovoltaic power generation device (40) can also be arranged on the outer surface of the exhaust duct system (6); Wherein, the outdoor heat-collecting enclosure (7) includes at least one of the following components: rigid light-transmitting material (21), flexible light-transmitting material (22), support system (1.3); outdoor heat-collecting field (2) The plane shape includes one or more of the following: cylindrical ring shape, polygonal cylindrical ring shape; the outdoor heat collecting field (2) includes multiple rings of outdoor heat collecting enclosures (7), and the outdoor heat collecting enclosures (7) of the inner circle The lower part of is open without walls; Wherein, the lighting system (10) includes LED lights; The combustion heating system (11) includes at least one of the following components: combustion equipment (11.1), combustion chamber (11.2), fuel delivery pipeline (11.3); Among them, the pumped storage power generation system (12) at least includes at least one of the following components, the lower reservoir (12.1), the pumping equipment (12.2), the upper reservoir (12.3), the hydroelectric power generation equipment (12.4), the water pipeline (12.5); the upper reservoir (12.3) is set on the upper or middle part of the suction tube system (6); the pumping equipment (12.2) includes at least one of the following, AC electric pumping equipment (12.2.1), direct current Dynamic pumping equipment (12.2.2); Wherein, the heat recovery system (16) at least includes at least one of the following systems, liquid heat recovery system, heat pump heat recovery system, heat pipe heat recovery system; the heat absorption end or upper end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected or It is connected to the air outlet or the upper end of the exhaust duct system (6), and the heat release end or the lower end of the heat recovery system (16) is connected to or connected to at least one of the following positions; in the solar greenhouse or solar greenhouse (1), indoor heat collection In the space (9), the air inlet or the lower end of the exhaust duct system (6); the heat recovery system (16) includes at least one of the following equipment, heat absorption equipment (16.1), heat transfer pipeline (16.2) , exothermic equipment (16.3), driving or compressing equipment (16.4), heat storage equipment (16.5), heat transfer working fluid (16.6); in the heat recovery system (16), the heat absorption equipment (16.1) is set at The heat-absorbing end or the upper end of the system (16); the exothermic device (16.3) is arranged at the exothermic end or the lower end of the heat recovery system (16); the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) is arranged between the endothermic device (16.1) and the exothermic Between the equipment (16.3), the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) is connected or communicated with the heat absorbing equipment (16.1) and the heat releasing equipment (16.3); the driving or compressing equipment (16.4) is set in the heat transfer pipeline (16.2), and the driving Or the compression equipment (16.4) is connected or communicated with the heat transfer pipeline (16.2); the inside of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes a heat transfer working medium (16.6); the outer surface of the heat transfer pipeline (16.2) includes an insulation layer; Among them, the high-altitude cold energy drop utilization system (17) includes at least one of the following components, drainage bucket (17.1), drainage pipe (17.2), induced fan (17.3), drainage valve (17.4), water spray equipment (17.5); Among them, the high-altitude condensing fresh water system (18) includes at least one of the following components: spray water mist equipment (18.1), condensation equipment (18.2), collection equipment (18.3), seawater pipeline (18.4), fresh water downpipe road(18.5); Wherein, the wind power generation system (19) includes at least one of the following components, the wind turbine (19.1), the tower tower (19.2), the generator (19.3); the tower tower (19.2) is arranged in the solar greenhouse Or on the support system (1.3) of the solar greenhouse (1) or the light-transmitting thermal storage building (8). Its tower tube tower (19.2) can be used as a support system (1.3) for a solar greenhouse or a solar greenhouse (1) or a light-transmitting thermal storage building (8); Wherein, the heat collector system (20) includes at least one of the following components, a vacuum tube heat collector (20.1) and a flat plate heat collector (20.2).