CN112378094A - Transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system - Google Patents
Transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112378094A CN112378094A CN202011324951.6A CN202011324951A CN112378094A CN 112378094 A CN112378094 A CN 112378094A CN 202011324951 A CN202011324951 A CN 202011324951A CN 112378094 A CN112378094 A CN 112378094A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/20—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for linear movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
The invention discloses a transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, which comprises a light-gathering lens, a heat absorption part and a moving part, wherein the light-gathering lens is arranged on the light-gathering lens; focusing the light rays passing through the condenser lens to form a focusing area; the moving part is connected with the heat absorbing part and used for driving the heat absorbing part to move to the focusing area. The invention changes the position of the heat absorbing part through the moving part, so that the heat absorbing part can be always positioned in the focusing area, and therefore, even if the focusing area deviates due to the change of the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, the light can be always gathered on the heat absorbing part. Because the size of the heat absorption part is far smaller than that of the condensing lens, compared with the one-dimensional or two-dimensional rotation of the traditional condensing lens, the moving part in the whole transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system can be greatly reduced, and the whole structure of the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system is simplified. Because light is directly gathered on the heat absorption part, the light spot has higher energy flux density and light gathering ratio, the light gathering effect is good, and the utilization rate of solar energy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar light condensation, and particularly relates to a transmission-type solar light-condensing heat-collecting system.
Background
Solar energy is a clean, widely available renewable energy source, and the problem of utilization of solar energy is widely studied worldwide. But is generally less than 1000W/m due to the lower energy flux density of solar energy reaching the earth's surface2And is not suitable for high temperature heat utilization. Therefore, in order to improve the radiant energy flux density of solar energy, technicians design a solar concentrator to collect and concentrate sunlight.
Solar concentrators are typically large glass mirrors through which sunlight can pass for focusing, where technicians install heat sinks to collect the heat of the sunlight. However, the incident angle of the sunlight changes with time, and the focus of the solar concentrator shifts with the change of the incident angle of the sunlight, so that the focus of the solar concentrator cannot always fall on the heat absorber, the heat absorbed by the heat absorber is reduced, and the utilization rate of the solar energy is reduced.
In order to improve the utilization rate of solar energy, one of the schemes is to configure a one-dimensional or two-dimensional automatic tracking device for the solar condenser, so that the angle of the solar condenser can change along with the incident angle of sunlight, and the focus of the solar condenser is ensured to fall on the heat absorption device all the time. But set up automatic tracking device can make solar concentrator's structure more complicated, and then make solar energy collection system's overall structure comparatively complicated, increased solar energy collection system initial investment and consume by oneself, but also can lead to solar energy collection system's fault point to increase, increased the operation and the maintenance cost in later stage to lead to the cost high, hinder its commercial development.
In order to overcome the defects of the solar heat collecting system with the automatic tracking device, technicians design a tracking-free solar condenser, and the angle of the solar condenser is prevented from changing along with the incident angle of sunlight by the principles of refraction, reflection and the like of the sunlight. However, although the structure of the solar concentrator can be simplified and the precision requirement and the manufacturing cost of light concentration can be reduced, the energy flux density and the light concentration ratio of light spots are sacrificed, the light concentration effect is poor, and the utilization rate of solar energy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the structure of a solar heat collecting system cannot be simplified and the solar light condensing ratio and the light condensing efficiency cannot be ensured in the prior art, and provides a transmission-type solar light condensing and heat collecting system.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a transmission-type solar light and heat collecting system comprises a light collecting mirror, a heat absorbing part and a moving part;
focusing the light rays penetrating through the condenser lens to form a focusing area;
the heat absorption part is used for collecting heat in light;
the moving part is connected with the heat absorbing part and is used for driving the heat absorbing part to move to the focusing area.
In the scheme, the position of the heat absorption part is changed through the moving part, so that the heat absorption part can be always positioned in a focusing area formed by light rays penetrating through the condensing lens, and even if the focusing area deviates due to the change of the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, the light rays can be always gathered on the heat absorption part, so that the heat absorption part can collect heat in the light rays to the maximum degree, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved. Because the size of the heat absorption part is far smaller than that of the condensing lens, the heat absorption part moves to replace the one-dimensional or two-dimensional rotation of the traditional condensing lens, so that the moving part in the whole transmission type solar light and heat collecting system can be greatly reduced, the part for driving the moving part in the transmission type solar light and heat collecting system to move is simplified, and the overall production cost and the operation cost of the transmission type solar light and heat collecting system are reduced. And because the light rays penetrating through the condensing lens are directly gathered on the heat absorption part, the light spots have higher energy flux density and condensing ratio, so that the condensing effect of the transmission type solar condensing and heat collecting system is good, and the utilization rate of solar energy is high.
Preferably, the condenser is a linear fresnel lens, a focal line of the condenser forms the focusing area, and the focal line of the condenser is parallel to the east-west direction.
In the scheme, the linear Fresnel lens is light in weight, compact in structure and low in production cost, and can gather light rays to the heat absorption part with smaller size, so that the manufacturing cost of the heat absorption part is reduced. The arrangement ensures that the focal line position of the condensing lens is not influenced by the change of the solar azimuth angle and always keeps parallel to the east-west direction, so that the deviation of the focal line in the north-south direction caused by the change of the solar elevation angle only needs to be considered.
Preferably, the heat absorbing part comprises a heat absorbing pipe extending in an east-west direction, and a focal line of the condenser lens is parallel to an axis of the heat absorbing pipe.
In the scheme, the focal line of the condensing lens is always kept parallel to the east-west direction, so that the heat absorption pipe only moves when the solar altitude angle changes, and does not move due to the change of the solar azimuth angle, the movement of the heat absorption part is reduced, and the structure of the moving part for driving the heat absorption part to move is simplified.
Preferably, the transmission-type solar concentrating and heat collecting system further includes a secondary concentrating mirror, the heat absorbing part is connected to the secondary concentrating mirror, the secondary concentrating mirror is disposed on a side of the heat absorbing part away from the concentrating mirror, the secondary concentrating mirror has a concentrating surface facing the heat absorbing part, and the concentrating surface is configured to reflect light incident on the concentrating surface to the heat absorbing part.
In the scheme, the secondary condenser lens is used for reflecting stray light which is not gathered on the heat absorption part around the heat absorption part to the heat absorption part again, so that the light gathering efficiency of the transmission type solar light gathering and heat collecting system is improved.
Preferably, the light condensing surface is arranged around the circumference of the heat absorbing part.
In this embodiment, the arrangement means that the light-condensing surface is a curved surface, and compared with a planar light-condensing surface, stray light around the heat-absorbing part can be condensed onto the heat-absorbing part, rather than condensing a certain part of stray light onto the heat-absorbing part alone, thereby improving the light-condensing effect of the secondary condenser.
Preferably, the path through which the focusing area is shifted with the change of the solar altitude forms a focal plane; the moving part includes a moving panel on which the heat absorbing part is mounted and movable on an upper surface of the moving panel, the upper surface of the moving panel being parallel to the focal plane.
In this aspect, the moving panel is configured to support the heat absorbing unit and limit a movement range of the heat absorbing unit, and the heat absorbing unit can reach the focus region by moving on the moving panel.
Preferably, the condenser lens is arranged obliquely relative to the ground, and the focal plane and the upper surface of the moving panel form an inclination angle alpha with the same angle relative to the horizontal plane;
the calculation formula of the inclination angle alpha is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the latitude value is the latitude value of the installation place of the transmission type solar light and heat collecting system.
In the scheme, the method for calculating the installation angle of the condensing lens and the movable panel is provided, and the transmission type solar condensing and heat collecting system can be conveniently and quickly assembled.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the width L of the upper surface of the moving panel along the moving direction of the heat absorbing part is as follows: and L is 2ftan theta, wherein f is the focal length of the condensing lens, and theta is half of the variation range value of the solar altitude in one year of the installation place of the transmission type solar light-concentrating and heat-collecting system.
In this scheme, a width dimension calculation method of a mobile panel is provided, which is convenient for a technician to select a proper mobile panel, and the width dimension of the mobile panel should satisfy that no matter how the solar altitude changes, the projection of the focal line of the condenser lens on the mobile panel can fall on the mobile panel, so that the heat absorption part moving on the mobile panel can move to the focus area.
Preferably, the moving portion further includes a connecting member, a driving member and a roller, the connecting member is a flexible member, the connecting member is connected to the heat absorbing portion, the connecting member surrounds the moving panel along a moving direction of the heat absorbing portion, two ends of the connecting member are respectively tensioned by the driving member and the roller, and the driving member drives the connecting member to transmit along the moving direction of the heat absorbing portion.
In this scheme, the removal of heat absorption portion is driven through the mode of taking the transmission to the removal portion, and driving piece drive connecting piece transmission, and then drive the heat absorption portion removal of being connected with the connecting piece, and the removal portion that adopts above-mentioned structure simple structure, occupation space is little, effectively reduces transmission type solar energy spotlight solar collecting system's cost.
Preferably, the transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system further includes a control part, the control part is electrically connected to the moving part, and the control part controls the moving part to drive the heat absorbing part to move to a preset position according to the change of the solar altitude angle.
In the scheme, the control part is used for realizing the automatic movement of the heat absorption part, technicians do not need to manually adjust the position of the heat absorption part under the condition of the deviation of the focusing area, and only need to input related instructions in the control part in advance, so that the labor cost can be effectively reduced, the heat absorption part can be ensured to timely move to the focusing area, and the light condensation efficiency of the transmission-type solar light and heat collection system is improved.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the position of the heat absorption part is changed through the moving part, so that the heat absorption part can be always positioned in a focusing area formed by light rays penetrating through the condensing lens, and even if the focusing area deviates due to the change of the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, the light rays can be always gathered on the heat absorption part, so that the heat absorption part can collect heat in the light rays to the maximum extent, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved. Because the size of the heat absorption part is far smaller than that of the condensing lens, the heat absorption part moves to replace the one-dimensional or two-dimensional rotation of the traditional condensing lens, so that the moving part in the whole transmission type solar light and heat collecting system can be greatly reduced, the part for driving the moving part in the transmission type solar light and heat collecting system to move is simplified, and the overall production cost and the operation cost of the transmission type solar light and heat collecting system are reduced. And because the light rays penetrating through the condensing lens are directly gathered on the heat absorption part, the light spots have higher energy flux density and condensing ratio, so that the condensing effect of the transmission type solar condensing and heat collecting system is good, and the utilization rate of solar energy is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a transmissive solar light-collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a transmissive solar light-collecting system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a transmissive solar light-collecting system with a heat absorbing part at another position according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a moving part according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
Light-condensing surface 21
Support part 3
Absorber tube 5
Connecting piece 62
Rotating electric machine 64
Pulley 65
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The embodiment provides a transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system for collecting heat in light 4. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system includes a light-gathering mirror 1, a heat absorption part, a secondary light-gathering mirror 2, a moving part and a support part 3, the light-gathering mirror 1 is connected to the support part 3 to form an external frame of the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, and the heat absorption part, the secondary light-gathering mirror 2 and the moving part are all disposed inside the external frame of the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system.
The collecting lens 1 is a lens to transmit and focus the light 4, and the light 4 transmitted through the collecting lens 1 forms a focusing area inside the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, wherein the focusing area is formed by a focus combination of the light 4 collected after transmitting through the collecting lens 1. The condenser 1 in this embodiment is a linear fresnel lens, a focusing area formed by the light 4 passing through the linear fresnel lens is a straight line, that is, a focal line of the condenser 1, and the focal line of the condenser 1 is a connection line of focuses converged after the light 4 passes through the condenser 1.
Because the earth can rotate and revolve, the solar altitude and the solar azimuth of the installation place of the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system can change due to the rotation and the revolution of the earth, and therefore the focus area can deviate. Specifically, the change of the solar azimuth angle causes the focus of the light 4 passing through the same position of the condenser 1 to shift in the north-south direction, and the change of the solar azimuth angle causes the focus of the light 4 passing through the same position of the condenser 1 to shift in the east-west direction.
Preferably, the condenser lens 1 is arranged in the east-west direction, i.e. the focal line of the condenser lens 1 is parallel to the east-west direction. Since the variation of the solar azimuth causes the focus area, i.e., the focal line of the condenser lens 1, to be shifted in the east-west direction, setting the focal line of the condenser lens 1 parallel to the east-west direction enables the focal line of the condenser lens 1 to be always parallel to the east-west direction regardless of the variation of the solar azimuth. And because the projection of the focus of the condenser 1 on the condenser 1 always falls on the condenser 1, so the projection of the focal line composed of the focus on the condenser 1 also falls on the condenser 1, under the condition that the length of the condenser 1 along the east-west direction is certain, the maximum value of the focal line length of the condenser 1 is also certain, namely as long as the length of the heat absorption part along the east-west direction is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the focal line length of the condenser 1, the change of the focusing area in the east-west direction can be basically not considered, and only the change of the focusing area in the north-south direction needs to be considered.
There are no specific requirements on the material of the collecting mirror 1 in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can select materials known in the art as the material of the collecting mirror 1 to produce the collecting mirror 1, such as tempered glass, Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or other transparent organic materials.
In the embodiment, the linear fresnel lens is used as the collecting lens 1, and compared with lenses with other structures, the linear fresnel lens has lighter weight and lower manufacturing cost than other lenses under the condition that the light-transmitting areas are the same, so that the overall manufacturing cost of the transmission-type solar concentrating and heat collecting system is reduced. And the linear Fresnel lens has a good focusing effect, and compared with lenses with other structures, the linear Fresnel lens can focus the light rays 4 to the heat absorption part with smaller size, so that the size of the heat absorption part is reduced, the manufacturing cost of the heat absorption part is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the whole transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat absorbing part in this embodiment is a heat absorbing pipe 5, and the heat absorbing pipe 5 is disposed at the lower part of the condenser lens 1 for absorbing heat in the light 4. The heat absorption tube 5 is a vacuum tube, the surface of which is coated with a selective absorption coating, and the absorption spectrum of the selective absorption coating is matched with the solar emission spectrum, so that the solar absorption rate can be improved, the infrared emissivity can be reduced, and the heat absorption effect can be greatly improved. The absorber tube 5 extends in the east-west direction and the axis of the absorber tube 5 is parallel to the focal line of the condenser lens 1. Preferably, the length of the heat absorbing pipe 5 is equal to or slightly greater than the moving range of the focusing area in the east-west direction, so that no matter how the solar azimuth changes, under the condition that the solar altitude is not changed, as the moving range of the focusing area in the east-west direction is fixed, even if the heat absorbing pipe 5 is kept stationary relative to the ground, the focal line of the condenser lens 1, i.e. the focusing area, can always fall on the heat absorbing pipe 5, thereby the heat absorbing pipe 5 can be prevented from moving in the east-west direction, and the movement of the heat absorbing pipe 5 is reduced.
Since the focus area is shifted in the north-south direction due to the change of the solar altitude, the heat absorbing pipe 5 in this embodiment is movable in the north-south direction with respect to the condenser lens 1 in order to allow the focus area to always fall on the heat absorbing part, and the moving direction and distance of the heat absorbing pipe 5 are consistent with those of the focus area. In order to avoid that the heat absorption pipe 5 drives other structures connected with the heat absorption pipe when moving, such as a main pipeline of a transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, the heat absorption pipe 5 is connected with the main pipeline through a corrugated pipe or a hose, and the slidability of the heat absorption pipe 5 is ensured through the characteristics of a connecting pipe.
Moreover, since the variation range of the solar elevation angle is much smaller than that of the solar azimuth angle, compared with the arrangement of the concentrating mirror 1 along the north-south direction, the movement range of the heat absorbing pipe 5 in this embodiment is smaller, and the overall size of the transmissive solar concentrating and heat collecting system is also smaller. The transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system in the embodiment is particularly suitable for high-latitude areas, and the change of the solar altitude angle in the high-latitude areas is small, so that the moving range of the heat-absorbing pipe 5 can be further reduced
As shown in fig. 1, the secondary condenser 2 is disposed at the lower portion of the heat absorbing pipe 5 and connected to the heat absorbing pipe 5, and the secondary condenser 2 and the heat absorbing pipe 5 are always kept relatively stationary. The secondary condenser 2 in this embodiment is a compound parabolic surface (CPC) condenser, the secondary condenser 2 has a condensing surface 21 facing the heat absorbing part, and the condensing surface 21 is a curved surface circumferentially arranged around the heat absorbing part and is used for reflecting stray light which is not collected to the heat absorbing part around the heat absorbing part to the heat absorbing part again, so that the collection capability of the transmission-type solar light-collecting system on the stray light is improved, and the light-collecting efficiency of the transmission-type solar light-collecting system is improved. The curved light collecting surface 21 can collect all stray light around the heat absorbing part rather than a part of stray light alone on the heat absorbing part, as compared with the flat light collecting surface 21, thereby improving the light collecting effect of the secondary condenser 2. In other alternative embodiments, the secondary condenser 2 may also adopt other structures with reflection and light-condensing functions, such as a modified secondary condenser combining involute of a circle and a CPC.
As shown in fig. 4, the moving part is used to drive the heat absorbing pipe 5 to move to the focusing area, and includes a moving panel 61, a connecting member 62, a driving member, and a roller 63.
The moving panel 61 is provided at a lower portion of the secondary condenser 2 and fixed on the support 3, the heat absorbing pipe 5 and the secondary condenser 2 are installed on an upper surface of the moving panel 61, and the heat absorbing pipe 5 and the secondary condenser 2 can be synchronously moved on the upper surface of the moving panel 61. The path through which the focal region is displaced as the solar altitude changes forms a focal plane, the upper surface of the moving panel 61 is parallel to the focal plane, and the projection of the focal plane on the upper surface of the moving panel 61 always falls on the upper surface of the moving panel 61. The moving panel 61 serves to support the heat absorbing tubes 5, guide the moving direction of the heat absorbing tubes 5, and limit the moving range of the heat absorbing tubes 5, and the heat absorbing tubes 5 can be moved to the focusing area while moving on the upper surface of the moving panel 61.
The length of the upper surface of the moving panel 61 in the east-west direction is determined by the length of the heat absorbing pipe 5 so that the heat absorbing pipe 5 can be entirely placed on the moving panel 61. The width of the upper surface of the moving panel 61 in the moving direction of the heat absorbing pipes 5 is determined according to the range of the focal plane, i.e., in relation to the variation range of the solar altitude. The calculation formula of the width L of the upper surface of the moving panel 61 in the moving direction of the heat absorbing pipe 5 is: l is 2ftan theta, f is the focal length of the condensing lens 1, and theta is half of the range of the variation of the solar altitude in the year of the installation place of the transmission type solar concentrating and heat collecting system. The numerical value of the width L of the upper surface of the moving panel 61 along the moving direction of the heat absorbing pipes 5 can be obtained quickly by calculating the above calculation formula, so that the technician can select a proper moving panel 61 conveniently, and the width dimension of the moving panel 61 should be such that the projection of the focal plane on the moving panel 61 can fall on the moving panel 61 no matter how the solar altitude changes, so that the heat absorbing pipes 5 moving on the moving panel 61 can move to the focusing area.
In this embodiment, the heat absorbing pipe 5 is moved in a belt transmission manner, specifically, the connecting member 62 in this embodiment is a chain, the driving member is a rotating motor 64, the connecting member 62 surrounds the moving panel 61 in the north-south direction, two ends of the connecting member 62 are directly connected with the secondary condenser 2 and indirectly connected with the heat absorbing pipe 5, and two ends of the connecting member 62 are respectively tensioned by the rotating motor 64 and the roller 63. When the heat absorption tube 5 needs to move, the rotating motor 64 drives the connecting member 62 to transmit in the north-south direction, and further drives the heat absorption tube 5 connected with the connecting member 62 to move. In alternative embodiments, the connecting member 62 may be of other flexible construction that enables belt drive, such as a wire rope or belt.
Preferably, a pulley 65 is disposed between the secondary condenser 2 and the moving panel 61, and the pulley 65 is mounted on the lower surface of the secondary condenser 2 for reducing the frictional resistance applied to the secondary condenser 2 during the movement and improving the movement accuracy of the heat absorbing pipe 5.
In the embodiment, the position of the heat absorbing pipe 5 is changed through the moving part, so that the heat absorbing pipe 5 can be always positioned in a focusing area formed by the light 4 penetrating through the condensing lens 1, even if the focusing area deviates in the north-south direction due to the change of the altitude angle of the sun, the light 4 can be always gathered on the heat absorbing pipe 5, the heat in the light 4 can be collected to the maximum degree by the heat absorbing pipe 5, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved. Because the size of the heat absorbing pipe 5 is far smaller than that of the condensing lens 1, the heat absorbing pipe 5 moves to replace the rotation of the traditional condensing lens 1, so that the moving part in the whole transmission-type solar light and heat collecting system can be greatly reduced, the structure of a moving part for driving the heat absorbing pipe 5 to move is simplified, and the overall production cost and the operation cost of the transmission-type solar light and heat collecting system are reduced. And the moving part in the embodiment has a simple structure and small occupied space, and can further reduce the overall size of the transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system and reduce the cost.
In addition, because the light 4 penetrating through the condensing lens 1 is directly gathered on the heat absorption tube 5, the light spot has higher energy flux density and condensing ratio, so that the condensing effect of the transmission type solar condensing and heat collecting system is good, and the utilization rate of solar energy is high.
Preferably, the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system further comprises a control part (not shown in the figure), wherein the control part is electrically connected with the moving part, and the control part can control the rotation of the rotating motor 64 according to the change of the solar altitude angle, so that the moving part drives the heat absorbing pipe 5 to move to the preset position. The preset position refers to a position of a focus area shifted due to the change of the solar altitude. The control part is used for realizing the automatic movement of the heat absorbing pipe 5, technicians do not need to manually adjust the position of the heat absorbing pipe 5 under the condition of the deviation of a focusing area, and only need to input related instructions in the control part in advance, so that the labor cost can be effectively reduced, the heat absorbing pipe 5 can be ensured to be timely moved to the focusing area, and the light condensing efficiency of the transmission type solar light condensing and heat collecting system is improved.
The present embodiment also provides a method of calculating the installation angle of the condenser lens 1 and the moving panel 61, and since the condenser lens 1 is usually disposed to be inclined with respect to the ground, the focal plane formed by the condenser lens 1 is also inclined with respect to the ground, and thus the upper surface of the moving panel 61 parallel to the focal plane is also inclined with respect to the ground, that is, the focal plane and the upper surface of the moving panel 61 form an inclination angle α having the same angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the inclination angle α being the inclined installation angle of the condenser lens 1 and the moving panel 61 with respect to the ground. Wherein, the calculation formula of the inclination angle alpha is as follows:
the latitude value of the installation place of the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system is 23.5 degrees, and the latitude value of the return line of south and north. The numerical value of the inclination angle alpha can be quickly obtained by calculating the calculation formula, so that the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system can be quickly assembled, and the assembly efficiency is improved. In addition, in order to further ensure that the focus area can fall on the heat absorbing part, the value of the inclination angle α may be appropriately adjusted according to seasons.
The working principle of the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system in one day is briefly described as follows:
when the sun is sunrise, the solar altitude is the minimum value in one day, the heat absorption tube 5 is located at the uppermost end of the upper surface of the movable panel 61, after the light 4 outside the transmission type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system is incident on the condensing lens 1, a focusing area formed under the refraction action of light just falls on the heat absorption tube 5 located at the uppermost end of the movable panel 61, and the heat absorption tube 5 absorbs heat in the light 4 to collect solar energy.
During the process, the focusing area moves from north to south, in order to enable the focusing area to fall on the heat absorbing part all the time, the heat absorbing part also starts to move from north to south under the driving of the moving part, and when the solar altitude reaches the maximum value in the day, the heat absorbing pipe 5 is positioned at the lowest end of the upper surface of the moving panel 61.
During the sunset period, the solar altitude gradually decreases until the sunset period reaches the minimum value of one day, in the process, the focusing area moves from south to north, in order to enable the focusing area to always fall on the heat absorbing part, the heat absorbing part also starts to move from south to north under the driving of the moving part, and when the solar altitude reaches the minimum value of one day, the heat absorbing pipe 5 is located at the uppermost end of the upper surface of the moving panel 61.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship of the device or component as it is normally used, merely to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation at any time, unless otherwise specified herein.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transmission-type solar light and heat collecting system is characterized by comprising a light collecting mirror, a heat absorbing part and a moving part;
focusing the light rays penetrating through the condenser lens to form a focusing area;
the heat absorption part is used for collecting heat in light;
the moving part is connected with the heat absorbing part and is used for driving the heat absorbing part to move to the focusing area.
2. A transmissive solar concentrating system according to claim 1 wherein the concentrating mirror is a linear fresnel lens, the focal line of the concentrating mirror forming the focal region, the focal line of the concentrating mirror being parallel to the east-west direction.
3. A transmissive solar concentrating system according to claim 2 wherein the heat absorbing section comprises a heat absorbing tube extending in the east-west direction, the focal line of the concentrating mirror being parallel to the axis of the heat absorbing tube.
4. The transmissive solar concentrating system of claim 1, further comprising a secondary concentrating mirror, the heat sink being coupled to the secondary concentrating mirror, the secondary concentrating mirror being disposed on a side of the heat sink remote from the concentrating mirror, the secondary concentrating mirror having a concentrating surface facing the heat sink, the concentrating surface being configured to reflect light incident on the concentrating surface toward the heat sink.
5. The transmissive solar concentrating system of claim 4 wherein the concentrating surface is disposed circumferentially around the heat sink portion.
6. The transmissive solar concentrating system of claim 1 wherein the path through which the focal region shifts as the elevation of the sun changes forms a focal plane; the moving part includes a moving panel on which the heat absorbing part is mounted and movable on an upper surface of the moving panel, the upper surface of the moving panel being parallel to the focal plane.
7. The transmissive solar concentrating system of claim 6, wherein the concentrating mirror is disposed inclined with respect to the ground, and the focal plane and the upper surface of the moving panel form an inclination angle α having the same angle with respect to the horizontal plane;
the calculation formula of the inclination angle alpha is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the latitude value is the latitude value of the installation place of the transmission type solar light and heat collecting system.
8. The transmissive solar concentrating system of claim 6, wherein the width L of the upper surface of the moving panel in the moving direction of the heat absorbing part is calculated by the formula: and L is 2f tan theta, wherein f is the focal length of the condensing lens, and theta is half of the variation range value of the solar altitude in one year of the installation place of the transmission type solar light-concentrating and heat-collecting system.
9. The transmissive solar concentrating system of claim 6, wherein the moving part further comprises a connecting member, a driving member and a roller, the connecting member is a flexible member, the connecting member is connected to the heat absorbing part, the connecting member surrounds the moving panel along the moving direction of the heat absorbing part, two ends of the connecting member are respectively tensioned by the driving member and the roller, and the driving member drives the connecting member to drive along the moving direction of the heat absorbing part.
10. The transmissive solar concentrator system of any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a control unit electrically connected to the moving unit, wherein the control unit controls the moving unit to move the heat absorbing unit to a predetermined position according to a change in the solar altitude.
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| CN202011324951.6A CN112378094A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system |
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| CN202011324951.6A CN112378094A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Transmission-type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |