CN215484136U

CN215484136U - Composite roof heat insulation system for green building

Info

Publication number: CN215484136U
Application number: CN202121871987.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黎毅; 杨晚生
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-08-11
Filing date: 2021-08-11
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-11

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses green building combined type roofing heat insulation system includes: the concrete structure layer, the leveling layer, the waterproof layer, the root puncture resistant protective layer, the first water storage layer, the first mechanical ventilation layer, the structure supporting layer, the hydrophobic layer, the filter layer, the second water storage layer, the soil layer, the second mechanical ventilation layer and the vegetable layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the first water storage layer is connected with the soil layer through a soil irrigation pipe; a water pump connected with the soil irrigation pipe is arranged in the first water storage layer. The utility model can effectively improve the heat insulation performance of the roof and reduce the heat transferred from the roof to the indoor space.

Description

Composite roof heat insulation system for green building

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of heat insulation and energy conservation of buildings, in particular to a composite roof heat insulation system for a green building.

Background

At present, with the rapid development of urbanization, ecological environment problems are caused, wherein the surface temperature of a building envelope and the temperature of outdoor air are increased, and finally, the energy consumption of an indoor air conditioner and the energy consumption of a building are continuously increased. The expansion of urban population causes an increase in electricity consumption of buildings, which in turn exacerbates greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. Because the urban underpad surface is changed from the original green land into the concrete and asphalt underpad surface, on one hand, the water permeability of the underpad surface is reduced, the water storage and drainage functions are reduced, the difficulty is increased for the urban drainage system, and the urban production and life are seriously influenced by frequent urban inland inundation; on the other hand, the heat storage capacity of the underlying surface is weak, long-wave radiation is reflected to the periphery in the daytime and is absorbed by buildings and the surrounding environment, and an urban heat island effect is formed.

In order to avoid the environmental problems to continuously influence the development of urbanization, people put forward the concept of sustainable development, and take the concept as a basic national strategy to infiltrate into various industries, wherein the concept of strengthening rainwater management and utilization, reducing urban heat island effect and reducing building energy consumption is better reflected in the building industry. The green planting roof, the water storage roof, the ventilation roof and the like are taken as a plurality of representative modes for realizing sustainable development in the building industry, have low cost and outstanding heat insulation performance, and are widely concerned by researchers in recent years.

However, the following problems are found in practical engineering applications: 1. for a planted roof, when the required soil thickness is higher and the soil water content is lower, the heat transfer resistance is higher, and the heat insulation performance is better, but when the required thickness is lower than 120mm, the heat stability of a green roof is poor, the heat insulation performance is poor, and a planted roof water source generally adopts urban water as a water source, so that the irrigation difficulty is higher, and the cost is higher; 2. for the water storage roof, the specific heat of water is large, the heat storage capacity in the daytime is large, the evaporation capacity is high, and water needs to be supplemented frequently, but at night, the phenomenon that the water storage roof conducts heat to the indoor in a reverse direction is easy to occur due to obvious reduction of indoor temperature, so that the indoor cold load at night is increased, and in addition, the water storage roof also has the problem that people cannot get on, so that the roof space is not fully utilized; 3. the ventilated roof has the characteristics of poor thermal stability, unobvious cooling effect and the like, conditions need to be created for utilizing natural ventilation to take away heat, and natural wind and the roof are guided to generate heat exchange, so that the requirement on outdoor air flow rate is high, certain design requirements on the surface structure, the size, the specification, the inclination degree and the like of the roof are met, and if the length of the roof is not too large, the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet are increased, the inner surface of a ventilation layer is smooth as much as possible and has little resistance. Therefore, the utility model provides a composite roof heat insulation system for a green building.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides a green building combined type roofing heat insulation system for can effectively improve the heat-proof quality of roofing, reduce by the heat of roofing to indoor transmission.

In view of the above, the present application provides a composite roofing heat insulation system for green buildings, comprising: the concrete structure layer, the leveling layer, the waterproof layer, the root puncture resistant protective layer, the first water storage layer, the first mechanical ventilation layer, the structure supporting layer, the hydrophobic layer, the filter layer, the second water storage layer, the soil layer, the second mechanical ventilation layer and the vegetable layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside;

the first water storage layer is connected with the soil layer through a soil irrigation pipe;

and a water pump connected with the soil irrigation pipe is arranged in the first water storage layer.

Optionally, a water supply pipe for supplying water into the first water storage layer is arranged on the first water storage layer;

an overflow pipe for preventing water in the first water storage layer from overflowing is arranged on the first water storage layer.

Optionally, the first mechanical ventilation layer and the second mechanical ventilation layer both include an exhaust fan and a ventilation duct connected to the exhaust fan;

the ventilating duct is of a thin-wall porous structure.

Optionally, fine sand is paved at the bottom of the first water storage layer.

Optionally, the root-piercing-resistant protective layer is concrete mortar.

Optionally, the hydrophobic layer is a drain plate.

Optionally, the material of the filter layer is geotextile or non-woven fabric.

Optionally, the structural support layer is secured to the first aquifer by support posts.

Optionally, the structural support layer is a glass fiber reinforced plastic grid;

the support columns are concrete columns.

Optionally, the method further comprises: a solar photovoltaic system disposed on the vegetation layer;

the solar photovoltaic system is respectively electrically connected with the exhaust fan and the water pump.

According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: this roofing thermal-insulated system includes by interior concrete structure layer, screed-coat, waterproof layer, the root puncture resistant protective layer that sets gradually outside to, first water storage layer, first mechanical ventilation layer, structure supporting layer, hydrophobic layer, filter layer, second water storage layer, soil horizon, second mechanical ventilation layer and vegetable layer. The vegetation layer is arranged on the soil layer, so that the solar radiation on the surface of the soil layer can be effectively reduced, the surface temperature of the soil layer is lower than that of other roofs, and the heat transferred downwards from the soil layer is effectively reduced; the first mechanical ventilation layer and the second mechanical ventilation layer are arranged to respectively radiate heat of the first water storage layer and the soil layer, so that the heat and mass exchange process can be enhanced, the air flow rate, the convection heat transfer coefficient and the mass transfer coefficient are increased, the water evaporation is accelerated, the heat on the soil layer and the surface of the first water storage layer is taken away, and the heat conduction is further reduced; the first water storage layer is connected with the soil layer through the soil irrigation pipe, the moisture content of the soil layer is maintained at a high value while the vegetation layer is irrigated, so that partial heat can be taken away by evaporation of water in the soil layer, and in addition, the specific heat of air is low, and the heat conductivity is low, so that the high moisture content of the soil layer is maintained, the gas movement in pores of the soil layer can be weakened, the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil layer is reduced, and the heat transferred from the soil layer to the structure supporting layer and the first water storage layer is reduced; utilize first water-storage layer to insulate against heat, because the specific heat capacity of water is great, the required energy of 1 degree centigrade of height per liter is great, and the heat storage capacity is stronger, simultaneously, because partial heat can be taken away in the evaporation of surface moisture, and then the temperature of reduction surplus moisture to the reduction spreads into indoor heat into.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite roofing heat insulation system for green buildings according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail view of portion B of FIG. 1;

wherein the reference numerals are:

1-concrete structure layer, 2-leveling layer, 3-waterproof layer, 4-root-puncture-resistant protective layer, 5-water pump, 6-support column, 7-first water storage layer, 8-overflow pipe, 9-first mechanical ventilation layer, 10-water supply pipe, 11-structure support layer, 12-hydrophobic layer, 13-filter layer, 14-second water storage layer, 15-soil irrigation pipe, 16-soil layer, 17-second mechanical ventilation layer, 18-vegetation layer and 19-solar photovoltaic system.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The present application provides one embodiment of a composite roofing heat insulation system for green buildings, and particularly refers to fig. 1.

The green building composite roof heat insulation system in this embodiment includes: by interior concrete structure layer 1, screed-coat 2, waterproof layer 3, the root puncture resistant protective layer 4 that sets gradually outside to, first water-storage layer 7, first mechanical ventilation layer 9, structure supporting layer 11, hydrophobic layer 12, filter layer 13, second water-storage layer 14, soil horizon 16, second mechanical ventilation layer 17 and vegetable layer 18, first water-storage layer 7 is connected with soil horizon 16 through soil irrigation pipe 15, is provided with the water pump 5 that is connected with soil irrigation pipe 15 in the first water-storage layer 7.

It should be noted that: the vegetation layer 18 is arranged on the soil layer 16, so that the solar radiation on the surface of the soil layer 16 can be effectively reduced, the surface temperature of the soil layer 16 is lower than that of other roofs, and the heat transferred downwards from the soil layer 16 is effectively reduced; the first mechanical ventilation layer 9 and the second mechanical ventilation layer 17 are arranged to respectively radiate heat of the first water storage layer 7 and the soil layer 16, so that the heat and mass exchange process can be enhanced, the air flow rate, the convection heat transfer coefficient and the mass transfer coefficient are increased, the evaporation of water is accelerated, the heat on the surfaces of the soil layer 16 and the first water storage layer 7 is taken away, and the heat conduction is further reduced; the first water storage layer 7 is connected with the soil layer 16 through the soil irrigation pipe 15, the moisture content of the soil layer 16 is maintained at a high value while the vegetation layer 18 is irrigated, so that partial heat can be taken away by evaporation of water in the soil layer 16, and in addition, the specific heat of air is small and the heat conductivity is low, so that the high moisture content of the soil layer 16 is maintained, gas movement in pores of the soil layer 16 can be weakened, the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil layer 16 is reduced, and the heat transferred from the soil layer 16 to the structure supporting layer 11 and the first water storage layer 7 is reduced; utilize first water-storage layer 7 to insulate against heat, because the specific heat capacity of water is great, the required energy of 1 degree centigrade of height per liter is great, and the heat storage capacity is stronger, simultaneously, because partial heat can be taken away in the evaporation of surface moisture, and then the temperature of reduction surplus moisture to reduce and spread into indoor heat.

The above is a first embodiment of a composite roof heat insulation system for green buildings provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the following is a second embodiment of a composite roof heat insulation system for green buildings provided in the embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 1 to 3 specifically.

The green building composite roof heat insulation system in this embodiment includes: concrete structure layer 1 that sets gradually from inside to outside, screed-coat 2, waterproof layer 3, root-resistant puncture protective layer 4, first water-storage layer 7, first mechanical ventilation layer 9, structure supporting layer 11, hydrophobic layer 12, filter layer 13, second water-storage layer 14, soil horizon 16, second mechanical ventilation layer 17 and vegetable layer 18, first water-storage layer 7 is connected with soil horizon 16 through soil irrigation pipe 15, be provided with the water pump 5 that is connected with soil irrigation pipe 15 in the first water-storage layer 7, provide soil horizon 16 with the water in the first water-storage layer 7 through water pump 5, can effectively solve the water source problem of vegetable layer 18. Specifically, can adopt the low water pump 5 of low flow low lift to be used for the irrigation of soil horizon 16, carry the water and the nutrient of first aquifer 7 to soil horizon 16, satisfy the plant moisture requirement that can be fine, save the power consumption simultaneously.

In the present embodiment, the thickness of the concrete structure layer 1 is 150 mm; the thickness of the leveling layer 2 is 15mm, and the used material is cement mortar; the thickness of the waterproof layer 3 is 8 mm; the thickness of the root puncture resistant protective layer 4 is 10 mm; the thickness of the first aquifer 7 is 600mm, and the first aquifer is used for storing water and providing a water source for the vegetation layer 18; the thickness of the structure supporting layer 11 is 25 mm; the thickness of the hydrophobic layer 12 is 10 mm; the thickness of the second aquifer 14 is 25 mm; the thickness of the soil layer 16 is 300 mm; the vegetation layer 18 is formed by combining shrubs and grass, so that the leaf area index is improved.

It should be noted that: the vegetation layer 18 can be reasonably planted in layers according to low trees, shrubs, flowers and grasses, and the sun shading coefficient is increased by improving the leaf area coefficient, wherein the thicker the leaf is, the lower the transmittance of solar radiation is, and the better the heat insulation performance is; soil horizon 16 can adopt the light loosening soil of load, 300mm is laid to nutrition soil and fine sand, can play the effect of moisturizing and providing required nutrient for the plant, and when city rainfall increases and leads to the runoff too big simultaneously, soil horizon 16 absorption, purification and infiltration moisture that can be fine to store water to first water storage layer 7 through hydrophobic layer 12, in order to alleviate city drainage pressure.

The first water storage layer 7 is provided with a water supply pipe 10 for supplying water into the first water storage layer 7, when the water level in the first water storage layer 7 is too low, water can be supplied through the water supply pipe 10 in time, the first water storage layer 7 is ensured to be at a proper water level, specifically, a water level alarm can be arranged in the first water storage layer 7, and an alarm can be given when the water level is lower than a set height; be provided with on first water-storage layer 7 and be used for preventing that the overflow pipe 8 that overflows is filled up to the water in the first water-storage layer 7, and is concrete, overflow pipe 8 can adopt the mode of siphon, can in time discharge water from first water-storage layer 7 in city torrential rain time, avoids roofing ponding.

The first mechanical ventilation layer 9 and the second mechanical ventilation layer 17 comprise exhaust fans and ventilation pipelines connected with the exhaust fans, and the surface temperatures of the soil layer 16 and the first water storage layer 7 can be reduced through the outdoor air temperature; the ventilation pipeline can be of a thin-wall porous structure, and the heat exchange quantity between ventilation in the pipeline and the soil layer 16 can be enhanced. Specifically, the distance from the ventilation pipeline of the second mechanical ventilation layer 17 to the surface of the soil layer 16 should be less than 50mm, so that the surface temperature of the soil layer 16 can be reduced most effectively.

Fine sand is paved at the bottom of the first water storage layer 7, so that heat transfer resistance can be improved. It can be understood that the evaporation of moisture in first aquifer 7 can take away the heat on the one hand, and on the other hand can increase the water content of soil horizon 16, compares in exposing at the roofing, and first aquifer 7 bottom temperature is lower and stability is good, can reduce the expend with heat and contract with cold of concrete structure layer 1.

The second water storage layer 14 can adopt ceramsite and PVC board with larger grain size as water storage materials, and has the advantages of small volume, large surface area, light weight, better water storage capacity, simple and convenient construction and the like.

Waterproof layer 3 is formed by the concatenation of overlapping of many waterproofing membrane parts, and concatenation department should overlap more than 50mm in the work progress, and wall angle department should add and establish, and the juncture of wall and roofing should set up continuous coiled material, prevents the not tight phenomenon of crack and overlap joint.

The root-piercing resistant protective layer 4 may be concrete mortar.

The hydrophobic layer 12 may be a drainage plate through which excess water is drained away, reducing flooding conditions, enabling the soil layer 16 to quickly drain water to the first water-bearing layer 7.

The material of filter layer 13 can be geotechnological cloth or non-woven fabrics, and is corrosion-resistant, ventilative, can cut out and splice in the scene, can be under construction by a large scale, reduces construction cycle.

The structural support layer 11 is secured to the inner bottom surface of the first aquifer 7 by support posts 6.

The structural supporting layer 11 can be a glass fiber reinforced plastic grid, and the size of the grid of the glass fiber reinforced plastic grid is preferably 30mm to 30mm, so that customized materials are avoided; the supporting column 6 can be a concrete column, and the shape of the concrete column can adopt a streamline shape so as to reduce wind resistance.

Further comprising: the solar photovoltaic system 19 is arranged on the vegetation layer 18, the solar photovoltaic system 19 is electrically connected with the exhaust fan and the water pump 5 respectively, the exhaust fan and the water pump 5 can be powered by the solar photovoltaic system 19, and meanwhile, partial sun shading effect is achieved. It can be understood that, in order to ensure the normal operation of the exhaust fan and the water pump 5 in cloudy days or at night, a storage battery can be provided and is respectively electrically connected with the exhaust fan and the water pump 5 through the storage battery to supply power for the exhaust fan and the water pump 5.

This green building combined type roofing thermal insulation system can reduce and spread into indoor heat through the roof through planting the roofing, makes the building energy consumption reduce, reduces energy consumption, and planting the roofing simultaneously can absorb a large amount of solar radiation, and the ambient thermal environment of building is influenced to the humiture in effectual regulation city. The water storage layer and the ventilation layer are combined with the planted roof, so that the temperature of the bottom of the combined type planted roof is further reduced, the time of a temperature peak value is greatly delayed, the strong temperature attenuation capability is shown, the roof temperature fluctuation is kept small by adopting a water storage method, and the service life of a surface layer structure is prolonged.

Compare in single vegetation roofing, this green building combined type roofing heat-proof system's thermal stability and soil moisture retention rate are higher, and the surface highest temperature is lower, and roofing water storage capacity is stronger, and the water-storage layer can provide its required moisture to the vegetation.

Compare in single retaining roofing, this green building combined type roofing heat-insulating system water evaporation rate is slower, can be complementary with 16 moisture on soil horizon, and it is little not only to keep the water storage layer water level to change in the certain time, can provide humidity for soil again, moreover, within a day, the water storage layer temperature change is less than 10 ℃, can protect waterproof layer 3 well, reduces or avoids the appearance of fracture scheduling problem, in addition, still solved can't get on the people and reverse heat transfer scheduling problem.

Compared with a single ventilated roof, the composite roof heat insulation system for the green building adopts a mechanical ventilation mode for heat insulation, has better heat and mass transfer, more taken away heat, no consideration of hot air pressure, resistance and low air volume, and better heat insulation and cooling effects.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a green building combined type roofing heat-proof system which characterized in that includes: the concrete structure layer, the leveling layer, the waterproof layer, the root puncture resistant protective layer, the first water storage layer, the first mechanical ventilation layer, the structure supporting layer, the hydrophobic layer, the filter layer, the second water storage layer, the soil layer, the second mechanical ventilation layer and the vegetable layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside;

2. The green building composite roofing heat insulation system according to claim 1, wherein a water supply pipe for supplying water into the first water reservoir is provided on the first water reservoir;

3. The green building composite roofing heat insulation system of claim 1, wherein the first mechanical ventilation layer and the second mechanical ventilation layer each comprise an exhaust fan and a ventilation duct connected to the exhaust fan;

the ventilating duct is of a thin-wall porous structure.

4. A green building composite roofing insulation system as defined in claim 1, wherein said first reservoir bottom is lined with fine sand.

5. The green building composite roofing system of claim 1, wherein the root-puncture resistant protective layer is concrete mortar.

6. A green building composite roofing insulation system as defined in claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic layer is a drainage plate.

7. The composite roofing and thermal insulation system according to claim 1, wherein the filter layer is made of geotextile or non-woven fabric.

8. A green building composite roofing insulation system as defined in claim 1, wherein said structural support layer is secured to said first aquifer by support posts.

9. A green building composite roofing insulation system as defined in claim 8, wherein said structural support layer is a fiberglass grid;

the support columns are concrete columns.

10. A green building composite roofing insulation system as defined in claim 3, further comprising: a solar photovoltaic system disposed on the vegetation layer;