CN217268392U - Combined type retaining ventilation plants heat dissipation roofing - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a combined type retaining ventilation plants heat dissipation roofing, includes: the roof structure layer, the cement mortar leveling layer, the coating and coiled material waterproof layer, the underwater ventilation layer, the water storage layer, the structure supporting layer, the root penetration resistant protective layer, the ceramsite and the filter layer, the flat PVC waterproof and water storage plate layer, the soil matrix layer, the vegetable layer and the solar photovoltaic system are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The combined type roofing heat insulation that obtains through planting layer, water-storage layer and the novel combination of mechanical ventilation layer is better than the heat-proof quality of single planting roofing, retaining roofing and ventilation roofing, can effectively improve its heat dispersion through the stack of soil horizon water-storage layer ventilation layer, and then improves the thermal-insulated effect of combined type retaining ventilation planting heat dissipation roofing to the level is less, is convenient for construct and maintain, does benefit to engineering application and promotes.

Description

Combined type retaining ventilation plants heat dissipation roofing

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a building thermal-insulated energy-conserving technical field especially relates to a combined type retaining ventilation is planted and is dispelled heat roofing.

Background

With the rapid development of the urbanization process, a large amount of artificial heating, buildings, roads and other high heat accumulators are increased, greenbelts are reduced, and energy consumption caused by roofs in high-rise buildings accounts for 8% -9% of the total energy consumption of the buildings. The heat island effect is becoming an important factor for the living environment of the city and the physical health of the residents. Meanwhile, along with the rapid increase of economy, the environmental quality and economic harmony of China are not high, and the economy and the maintenance of a good environment can not be well performed in parallel, so that the green and low carbon are still important indexes required by the development of China at present, and the carbon cycle is realized by proposing 2035 years in nineteen five-to-five congregations, and the test is especially one test for the green ecological development of cities.

In order to avoid the environmental problem accompanying with the high-speed development from continuously influencing the process of urbanization, people put forward the concept of sustainable development and use the concept as a basic national strategy policy to be penetrated into various industries, wherein, strengthening the rainwater management and utilization, reducing the urban heat island effect and reducing the energy consumption of building energy is a better embodiment of the concept of sustainable development in the building industry. The green planting roof, the water storage roof, the ventilation roof and the like are used as a plurality of representative modes for realizing sustainable development in the building industry, and play a role in relieving green ecological development in the urbanization process to a certain extent. According to researches, the comfort of a human body can be greatly improved when the indoor temperature is reduced by 1 ℃, and meanwhile, the energy consumption of the air conditioner is reduced by about 9 percent. From the above phenomena, it can be derived that reducing the heat transferred into the room from the roof is an important research content for reducing the energy consumption of the building.

But current green building roof is mostly the roofing of single type, and single type roofing exists the heat-proof quality relatively poor, the obscure problem of cooling to it is too loaded down with trivial details to build the structure, has increased construction cost and maintenance cost, is unfavorable for engineering application and popularization.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model discloses combined type retaining ventilation is planted heat dissipation roofing for it is relatively poor to solve the thermal-insulated effect of current green building roofing, and the cooling is not obvious, and the building structure is too loaded down with trivial details, has increased construction cost and maintenance cost, is unfavorable for the problem of engineering application and popularization.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a combined type retaining ventilation is planted and is dispelled heat roofing, include: the roof structure layer, the cement mortar leveling layer, the coating and coiled material waterproof layer, the underwater ventilation layer, the water storage layer, the structure supporting layer, the root penetration resistant protective layer, the ceramsite and the filter layer, the flat PVC waterproof and water storage plate layer, the soil matrix layer, the vegetable layer and the solar photovoltaic system are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.

Preferably, the water content of the cement mortar leveling layer is within 8 percent.

Preferably, the root penetration resistant protective layer is a 2mm geotextile.

Preferably, the reservoir depth of the aquifer is 200 mm.

Preferably, the underwater ventilation layer comprises: solar energy exhaust fan and retaining mechanical ventilation capillary pipeline.

Preferably, the structural support layer is a glass fiber reinforced plastic grid material, the grid size of the glass fiber reinforced plastic grid material is 30mm by 30mm, and the thickness of the glass fiber reinforced plastic grid material is 10 mm.

Preferably, the ceramsite and the filter layer comprise: coarse ceramsite materials and non-woven materials.

Preferably, the pH of the soil matrix layer is 5.5-6.8.

Preferably, the coating film and the waterproof layer of the coiled material are waterproof coiled materials, and the overlapping thickness of the splicing part of the waterproof coiled materials is more than 50 mm.

Preferably, the solar photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of solar power generation panels, and the solar photovoltaic system is connected with the solar exhaust fan.

According to the technical solution provided by the utility model, the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantage:

the embodiment of the application provides a combined type retaining ventilation plants heat dissipation roofing, includes: the roof structure layer, the cement mortar leveling layer, the coating and coiled material waterproof layer, the underwater ventilation layer, the water storage layer, the structure supporting layer, the root penetration resistant protective layer, the ceramsite and the filter layer, the flat PVC waterproof and water storage plate layer, the soil matrix layer, the vegetable layer and the solar photovoltaic system are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The combined type roofing heat insulation that obtains through planting layer, water-storage layer and the novel combination of mechanical ventilation layer is better than the heat-proof quality of single planting roofing, retaining roofing and ventilation roofing, can effectively improve its heat dispersion through the stack of soil horizon water-storage layer ventilation layer, and then improves the thermal-insulated effect of combined type retaining ventilation planting heat dissipation roofing to the combined type retaining ventilation planting heat dissipation roofing level that this application provided is less, is convenient for construct and maintain, does benefit to engineering application and popularization.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a composite water-storage ventilating planting heat-dissipating roof;

fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a composite water-storage ventilating planting heat-dissipation roof.

In the figure, 1-a roof structure layer, 2-a cement mortar leveling layer, 3-a coating film and a coiled material waterproof layer, 4-an underwater ventilating layer, 5-a water storage layer, 6-a structure supporting layer, 7-a root puncture resistant protective layer, 8-a finished product PVC waterproof and water storage plate layer, 9-a ceramsite and a filter layer, 10-a soil matrix layer, 11-a vegetation layer and 12-a solar photovoltaic system.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "front", "back", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; they may be mechanically coupled, directly coupled, indirectly coupled through intervening media, or interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The existing green building roof is mostly a single roof, but the single roof has various problems, which are as follows:

for a single planted roof, the roof has the advantages of rainwater accumulation, roof service life prolonging, urban surface runoff reduction and the like, but the traditional planted roof has the problems of large solar radiation absorption and heat storage capacity of a planted layer in the daytime, overhigh soil temperature caused by low heat dissipation rate at night, night reverse heat transfer phenomenon and the like, and the engineering application popularization of the planted and greened roof is seriously influenced; under certain conditions, the heat transfer resistance is increased along with the increase of the thickness of the soil, the trend of the reduction of the water content of the soil is increased, and the heat insulation performance is better. But the problems of low water storage and accumulation utilization rate, unstable heat insulation effect, complicated traditional construction structure, increased construction cost and maintenance cost and the like which troubles the engineering application and popularization exist.

For a single water storage roof, the roof has the characteristics of poor heat insulation performance, unobvious cooling and the like; the influence of the change of the water level height within the range of 5-15 cm on the temperature is very weak; meanwhile, municipal water needs to be continuously supplemented when the water storage roof is cooled by using mechanisms such as heat storage and evaporation of water, so that the problems of water supply, water source waste, mosquito breeding and the like are caused; the characteristic that the water storage roof transmits heat to the indoor space in a reverse mode increases the cold load at night, and increases the building energy consumption.

For a single ventilated roof, the thermal insulation roof has the characteristics of poor thermal stability, unobvious cooling effect and the like, and has much poorer thermal insulation effect compared with a planted roof and a water storage roof; the convection heat exchange is carried out to a great extent depending on natural conditions to take away heat, so that the building point selection of the ventilation roof not only has certain requirements on the design, the surface structure and the inclination degree of the original building, but also has requirements on the influence of the ambient wind speed and the like around the point selection, the point selection difficulty is large, and the realization difficulty is high.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a combined type retaining ventilation is planted heat dissipation roofing, its concrete technical scheme as follows:

referring to fig. 1-2, in the present embodiment, a composite water-storage ventilating planting heat dissipation roof is provided, which includes: the roof structure layer 1, the cement mortar leveling layer 2, the coating and coiled material waterproof layer 3, the underwater ventilation layer 4, the water storage layer 5, the structure supporting layer 6, the root penetration resistant protective layer 7, the ceramsite and the filter layer 8, the flat PVC waterproof and water storage plate layer 9, the soil matrix layer 10, the vegetable layer 11 and the solar photovoltaic system 12 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. Through combining planting roofing, ventilation roofing and retaining roofing, can increase insulating layer gross thickness and heat transfer thermal resistance in the vertical direction, reduced the outdoor heat that spreads into the room through the roofing in summer, and then reduce the indoor air conditioner energy consumption in summer.

Furthermore, the water content of the cement mortar leveling layer 2 is within 8 percent, so that the whole base layer is kept dry, and a coating film and a waterproof layer of a coiled material are convenient to install. In order to facilitate construction, the whole plane must be solid and flat, and can not have looseness, bulge, surface bulge or serious roughness, if the base course is not good in flatness or sand-rise, the removal treatment must be carried out, and the roof structure layer must be cleaned before construction, so that the cement mortar leveling layer can be conveniently combined with the roof structure layer.

Further, the root penetration resistant protective layer 7 is geotextile with the thickness of 2 mm.

Further, the aquifer 5 is used for storing water, wherein the depth of the stored water is 200 mm. Through direct contact of the water storage layer and the underwater ventilation layer 4, the ventilation and heat dissipation are accelerated, and the phenomenon of reverse heat transfer at night is avoided.

Further, the underwater ventilation layer 4 includes: a solar exhaust fan and a water storage mechanical ventilation capillary pipeline. The capillary wall can improve ventilation and heat dissipation to the maximum extent, a solar exhaust fan is arranged in the water storage mechanical ventilation capillary pipeline, a storage battery is equipped for ventilation at night, and the surface temperature of the water storage layer is reduced through the outdoor air temperature.

Further, the structure supporting layer 6 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic grating materials, the size of the grating is preferably 30 mm-30 mm, the thickness of the grating is 10mm, customization of materials is avoided, a concrete column is adopted for supporting the grating, the shape of the concrete column is streamlined, and wind resistance is reduced.

Further, the ceramsite and the filter layer 9 comprise: the ceramic tile comprises a coarse ceramsite material and a non-woven fabric material, wherein the non-woven fabric material is corrosion-resistant and breathable, can be cut and spliced on site, can be constructed in a large area, and reduces the construction period; the coarse ceramsite material is used as a water storage material, the material is small in size, large in surface area, light in weight, good in water storage capacity and simple and convenient to construct, and when the thickness of the ceramsite is less than 25mm during construction, the water storage capacity is improved by improving the laying thickness.

Furthermore, the PH value of the soil matrix layer 10 is 5.5-6.8, the soil matrix layer is more suitable for vegetation growth, and the soil matrix layer is paved by adopting organic soil with light load, loose soil and fine sand for 300mm, so that the thickness of the soil layer has positive influence on the function of a microbial community, and the growth of plants is promoted; when the urban rainfall increases and the runoff is too large, the soil can well absorb, purify and permeate water, and water is discharged to the water storage layer through the soil layer, so that the urban drainage pressure is relieved.

Furthermore, the film and the waterproof layer 3 are waterproof coiled materials, the overlapping thickness of the splicing part of the waterproof coiled materials is more than 50mm, and the phenomena of leakage and untight lap joint are avoided.

Further, the solar photovoltaic system 12 comprises a plurality of solar power generation panels, the solar photovoltaic system 12 is connected with the solar exhaust fan, power can be supplied to the solar exhaust fan all day long, and meanwhile, a partial sun shading effect is achieved.

Further, the plant selection of vegetation should be reasonably distributed and planted according to short trees, shrubs, flowers and grasses, and the vegetation is not completely paved; in addition, the leaf area coefficient can be improved, and the sun shading coefficient can be increased; the thicker the blade, the lower the transmission of solar radiation and the better the thermal insulation.

The working principle of the combined type water storage ventilation planting heat dissipation roof provided by the embodiment is as follows: the vegetation in the vegetation layer is utilized for shading the surface, the reasonable layered planting and planting density can reduce more than 80 percent of solar radiation directly irradiating the surface of the soil matrix layer, so that the temperature of the soil surface is lower than that of other roofs; compared with the common room, the power consumption of the room with the planted roof is reduced by 13-19%. Water with a certain height is accumulated in the lower layer of the soil, so that the characteristics of good heat preservation and insulation and building roof cooling are achieved; the water storage layer with a certain height is used for heat insulation, and the heat storage and temperature reduction effects are obvious; in addition, the evaporation of the surface moisture takes away part of the heat, reducing the water temperature of the remaining moisture, thereby reducing the amount of heat transferred into the room. The heat in the water storage layer is taken away by utilizing the ventilation of smaller pipeline water, and meanwhile, the growth substrate layer is humidified by the evaporated fine moisture, so that the moisture content of the soil layer is maintained at a higher value, and the heat dissipation problem of the original water storage roof is effectively improved; in addition, the specific heat of the air is smaller, the heat conductivity is lower, and the gas movement in the pores of the matrix can be weakened and the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil can be reduced by maintaining the higher moisture content of the matrix, so that the heat transferred from the soil to the support structure layer and the water storage layer is reduced; the solar photovoltaic cell panel is used for supplying power to the combined type water storage ventilation planting heat dissipation roof, clean energy can be greatly utilized to the building, pollution loss is reduced, meanwhile, comfortable living environment resource saving is provided for people, and the expectation of green ecological energy-saving development is reflected.

This embodiment combines through planting layer, water-storage layer and mechanical draft layer, and the combined type retaining ventilation that obtains is planted heat dissipation roofing heat insulation performance than single roofing of planting, retaining roofing and ventilation roofing and is better, mainly embodies and can effectively improve its heat dispersion through the stack of soil horizon water-storage layer draft layer, and then improves the thermal-insulated effect of combined type retaining ventilation planting heat dissipation roofing. Compared with a bare roof, the composite water-storage ventilating planting heat-dissipation roof has the advantages that the temperature is reduced by 12.2-33.2 ℃, and 64.2% of heat flow can be reduced to be transmitted into a room.

Compare in current combined type roofing system, the combined type retaining ventilation planting heat dissipation roofing that this embodiment provided only adopts the mode of aquifer capillary ventilation, can improve ventilation heat exchange efficiency on the one hand: in the prior art, a soil layer and a ventilation layer are generally combined, the soil layer is anisotropic, so that the heat transfer effect of the wall surface of a pipeline is poor, meanwhile, the heat transfer effect of the soil is slow, the heat storage capacity is high, and the ventilation and heat dissipation effect at night is poor; on the other hand, the energy consumption can be reduced: in this embodiment, the capillary wall is adopted to maximize the ventilation and heat dissipation, and in the heat dissipation of the pipeline, the diameter of the pipeline is large, so that the reasonable laying cannot meet the requirement of uniform heat dissipation, the heat dissipation capacity is low, and the solar energy electric quantity consumed by the fan is more.

Compare in single planting roofing, the combined type retaining ventilation is planted the thermal stability of heat dissipation roofing and the soil rate of moisturizing that the embodiment provided is higher, and the surface highest temperature is lower, compares its reduce temperature range through novel device and ordinary planting roofing and can also reduce 48% heat flow and spread into indoor when being 11.3 ~ 18.7 ℃. The water storage capacity from indoor heat transfer to the roof is stronger, and the water loss phenomenon of the upper soil layer is also supplemented while the evaporation and heat dissipation of the water storage layer are realized.

Compared with the requirement that a single water storage roof needs a certain depth and gradient, the composite water storage ventilation planting heat dissipation roof water storage layer provided by the embodiment is positioned below the soil layer, the water evaporation rate is low, the water storage layer can complement the water in the soil layer while evaporation and heat dissipation are carried out, the water level of the water storage layer is kept not to change greatly within a certain time, and moisture can be provided for the soil; in addition, the water temperature of the water storage layer changes to be lower than 9 ℃ within one day, so that the structural layer can be well protected, and the problems of cracking and the like are reduced or avoided; in addition, the novel composite roof also solves the problems that the original water storage roof cannot be used for people and can not conduct heat reversely at night.

Compare in single ventilation roofing with establish the ventilation air interlayer, utilize wind pressure and hot pressing effect to make the air flow of interlayer carry out the heat convection, thereby take away the heat of roofing and reduce and spread into indoor heat into, reach thermal-insulated purpose, the combined type retaining ventilation planting heat dissipation roofing that this embodiment provided adopts aquatic mechanical ventilation form to dispel the heat, because its heat transfer mass transfer is better, the heat of taking away is more, need not consider hot-blast pressure, resistance and low amount of wind problem, thermal-insulated cooling effect is better.

It is right above the utility model provides a combined type retaining ventilation is planted heat dissipation roofing and is gone on the detailed introduction, to the general technical personnel in this field, the foundation the utility model discloses the thought all has the change part on concrete implementation and application scope, to sum up, this specification content should not be understood as right the utility model discloses a restriction.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a heat dissipation roofing is planted in ventilation of combined type retaining, its characterized in that includes: the roof structure layer, the cement mortar leveling layer, the coating and coiled material waterproof layer, the underwater ventilation layer, the water storage layer, the structure supporting layer, the root penetration resistant protective layer, the ceramsite and the filter layer, the flat PVC waterproof and water storage plate layer, the soil matrix layer, the vegetable layer and the solar photovoltaic system are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.

2. The composite water-retaining ventilation planting heat-dissipating roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the cement mortar leveling layer is within 8%.

3. The composite water-retaining ventilated planting heat-dissipating roof covering as claimed in claim 1, wherein said root-penetration resistant protective layer is a 2mm geotextile.

4. The composite impounded ventilated planted cooling roofing of claim 1 wherein the impounded water level has a impounded water depth of 200 mm.

5. The composite water-retaining ventilated planting heat-dissipating roof covering as claimed in claim 1, wherein said underwater ventilation layer comprises: solar energy exhaust fan and retaining mechanical ventilation capillary pipeline.

6. The composite water-retaining ventilating planted heat dissipating roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein said structural support layer is a fiberglass reinforced plastic grid material having a cell size of 30mm by 30mm and a thickness of 25 mm.

7. The composite water-retaining ventilated planting heat-dissipating roof covering as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ceramic granules and filter layer comprise: coarse ceramsite materials and non-woven materials.

8. The composite water-storage ventilating planting heat-radiating roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PH of the soil matrix layer is 5.5 to 6.8.

9. The composite water-storage ventilating planting heat-radiating roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the film and the waterproof layer are waterproof rolls, and the overlapping thickness of the joints of the waterproof rolls is more than 50 mm.

10. The composite water-retaining, ventilating, planting and heat dissipating roof as claimed in claim 5, wherein the solar photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of solar panels, the solar photovoltaic system being connected to the solar exhaust fan.

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