CN109599690A - 一种转接连接器及电连接器组件 - Google Patents

一种转接连接器及电连接器组件 Download PDF

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CN109599690A
CN109599690A CN201810847128.XA CN201810847128A CN109599690A CN 109599690 A CN109599690 A CN 109599690A CN 201810847128 A CN201810847128 A CN 201810847128A CN 109599690 A CN109599690 A CN 109599690A
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connector
osculating element
shell
electric coupler
coupler component
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CN109599690B (zh
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袁俊峰
马陆飞
屈峰成
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China Aviation Optical Electrical Technology Co Ltd
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China Aviation Optical Electrical Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种转接连接器及电连接器组件,电连接器组件包括第一连接器、第二连接器以及转接连接器,转接连接器包括壳体以及安装在壳体内的接触单元,接触单元具有两插接端,壳体上设有用于将接触单元限制在其内部的防脱结构,接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移。由于本发明的电连接器组件包含了第一连接器、第二连接器和接触件组件三部分,并且转接连接器的接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移,因此,在插接时,可通过接触单元的两端与第一、第二连接器的配合来减小插合部位的偏移量,从而为电连接器产品小型化设计、高速数据传输设计等提供了可能。

Description

一种转接连接器及电连接器组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种转接连接器及电连接器组件。
背景技术
电连接器组件是两设备或者部件之间常用的连接装置,在实际生产和生活中,例如机箱模块与机柜之间、电池箱与电池舱或充电架之间以及两块PCB板之间均会遇到需要用电连接器组件连接的情况。其中两块PCB板之间传输信号所用到的电连接器组件主要为差分连接器组件,对信号的传输速度以及传输质量、密度等均有着十分严格的要求。
现有的用于两PCB板之间的电连接器组件均为两件式对插结构,插头和插座对插在一起,要求侧向偏移最大为0.15mm,若偏移超差,则会导致插头、插座的信号导体和接地导体距离过小而出现耐电压能力不足等问题。因此,目前的用于PCB之间连接的电连接器对两PCB板之间的对正精度有着十分严格的要求,但是在实际应用过程中,两PCB板之间的对正是比较困难的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种电连接器组件,以降低对需要连接的两部件的对正要求;同时,本发明还提供了一种该电连接器组件的转接连接器。
本发明的电连接器组件包括第一连接器、第二连接器以及用于连接第一、第二连接器的转接连接器,转接连接器包括壳体以及安装在壳体内的至少一个接触单元,接触单元具有分别用于与第一、第二连接器的接触件进行插接的两插接端,壳体上设有用于将接触单元限制在其内部而防止接触单元在插接方向上脱出壳体的防脱结构,接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移。
由于本发明的电连接器组件包含了第一连接器、第二连接器和接触件组件三部分,并且转接连接器的接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移,因此,在插接时,可通过接触单元的两端与第一、第二连接器的配合来减小插合部位的偏移量,从而为电连接器产品小型化设计、高速数据传输设计等提供了可能。
进一步地,所述接触单元可在插接方向上发生位移。
进一步地,所述接触单元为差分接触单元,第一、第二连接器的接触件与差分接触单元相匹配。
当接触单元为差分接触单元时,可以有两种不同的设置方式:
1、接触单元包括绝缘基板,差分接触单元的两信号导体分设于绝缘基板的两侧板面。此时,优化地,可在绝缘基板的两侧板面上分别在信号导体的两侧设有接地导体,通过接地导体实现对信号导体的屏蔽。
简单化的设计,接触单元为印制板结构,印制板的板体构成所述绝缘基板,印制板两侧面的走线分别构成绝缘基板两侧面的信号导体和接地导体,印制板两侧面的走线在印制板边缘位置结束而构成插接端。为了保证接地导体的屏蔽效果,印制板两侧面相对的接地走线通过贯通印制板两侧面的隔离孔电联接。
2、接触单元包括绝缘体,差分接触单元的信号导体设置在绝缘体上,绝缘体上在构成差分对的两信号导体并排方向的两侧分别设有接地导体。
在以上方案的基础上,可以使接触单元自成模块,转接连接器壳体内设置有多个沿插接方向延伸的安装孔,各个接触模块对应安装在安装孔内,安装孔的内腔大于接触模块以满足接触模块的浮动,所述防脱结构设置在安装孔的两端孔口位置。
在具体使用时,第一、第二连接器的背离所述转接连接器的一端分别具有印制板连接端,所述转接连接器为直式转接连接器,两端部连接器在连接上印制板后采用下述其中一种方式:
(1)两端部连接器均为直式板端连接器,两印制板平行布置;
(2)两端部连接器中的一个为直式板端连接器、另一个为弯式板端连接器,两印制板正交布置;
(3)两端部连接器均为弯式板端连接器,两印制板平行布置;
(4)两端部连接器均为弯式板端连接器,两印制板正交布置。
本发明的转接连接器包括壳体以及安装在壳体内的至少一个接触单元,接触单元具有分别用于与第一、第二连接器的接触件进行插接的两插接端,壳体上设有用于将接触单元限制在其内部而防止接触单元在插接方向上脱出壳体的防脱结构,接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移。
使用本发明的转接连接器在插接时,可通过接触单元的两端与第一、第二连接器的配合来减小插合部位的偏移量,从而为电连接器产品小型化设计、高速数据传输设计等提供了可能。
进一步地,所述接触单元可在插接方向上发生位移。
进一步地,所述接触单元为差分接触单元。
当接触单元为差分接触单元时,可以有两种不同的设置方式:
1、接触单元包括绝缘基板,差分接触单元的两信号导体分设于绝缘基板的两侧板面。此时,优化地,可在绝缘基板的两侧板面上分别在信号导体的两侧设有接地导体,通过接地导体实现对信号导体的屏蔽。
简单化的设计,接触单元为印制板结构,印制板的板体构成所述绝缘基板,印制板两侧面的走线分别构成绝缘基板两侧面的信号导体和接地导体,印制板两侧面的走线在印制板边缘位置结束而构成插接端。为了保证接地导体的屏蔽效果,印制板两侧面相对的接地走线通过贯通印制板两侧面的隔离孔电联接。
2、接触单元包括绝缘体,差分接触单元的信号导体设置在绝缘体上,绝缘体上在构成差分对的两信号导体并排方向的两侧分别设有接地导体。
在以上方案的基础上,可以使接触单元自成模块,转接连接器壳体内设置有多个沿插接方向延伸的安装孔,各个接触模块对应安装在安装孔内,安装孔的内腔大于接触模块以满足接触模块的浮动,所述防脱结构设置在安装孔的两端孔口位置。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种电连接器组件使用时的示意图;
图2为本发明的一种电连接器组件的分解图;
图3为本发明的一种转接连接器的接触模块的结构示意图;
图4为本发明的转接连接器与端部连接器接触件的插合状态;
图5为本发明的电连接器组件的大偏移插合原理图;
图6为本发明的电连接器组件在X方向偏移插拔的示意图;
图7为本发明的电连接器组件在Y方向偏移插拔的示意图;
图8为本发明的电连接器组件在正常插合、X/Y向偏移插合插入损耗仿真示意图;
图9为本发明的电连接器组件在正常插合、X/Y向偏移插合回波损耗仿真示意图;
图10为本发明的另一种转接连接器的接触模块的结构示意图;
图11为图10中的接触模块的插接端处的结构放大图;
图12为本发明的再一种转接连接器的接触模块的结构示意图;
图13为图12中的接触模块的截面示意图;
图14为图12中的接触模块的插接端处的结构放大图;
图15为本发明的包含图10~11所示的接触模块的转接连接器的剖切图及局部放大图;
图16为图15所示的转接连接器壳体的局部视图;
图17为本发明的第二种电连接器组件使用时的示意图;
图18为本发明的第三种电连接器组件使用时的示意图;
图19为本发明的第四种电连接器组件使用时的示意图;
图中:1-第一连接器;101-端部信号导体;1010-信号触臂;102-端部接地导体;1020-接地触臂;2-第二连接器;3-转接连接器;30-接触模块;301-绝缘基板;302-隔离孔;303-转接信号导体;304-转接接地导体;305-凸部;311-安装孔;312-凸角;4-背板印制板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明。
本发明的电连接器组件的具体实施例,如图1至图2所示,该电连接器组件包含了三部分,即第一连接器1、第二连接器2和转接连接器3。在本实施例中,由于第一连接器1与第二连接器2的结构相同,因此此处统称之为端部连接器。
转接连接器3包括壳体以及安装在壳体内的多个接触单元,各接触单元自成模块设置,转接连接器壳体内设置有多个沿插接方向延伸的安装孔,各个接触模块30对应安装在安装孔内,安装孔的内腔大于接触模块以满足接触模块的浮动,安装孔的两端孔口位置设有防脱结构,接触模块30浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移。
接触模块的结构如图3所示,本实施例中的接触模块30为双端接触单元,其两端分别设置了两个插接端,其中一个插接端为第一插接端,用于与第一连接器插接配合,另一插接端为第二插接端,用于与第二连接器插接配合。其包括绝缘基板301,绝缘基板301的两侧分别设有转接信号导体303,在绝缘基板301两侧互相对应的接触件信号导体形成差分信号对,差分信号对的两边分别设有转接接地导体304,转接接地导体304设于绝缘基板301上。在信号导体同一边、位于绝缘基板两侧的接地导体之间通过隔离孔302电联接,在本实施例中,接触单元采用的是印制板式的结构,形成差分信号对的两个信号导体位于绝缘基板的两侧面处,本实施例中是位于表面,但是在其它实施例中,还可以是嵌在绝缘基板表面所设的槽里。接触模块30的印制板宽度方向的两侧边缘设有凸部305,壳体的安装孔的两端孔口位置的防脱结构与凸部305配合。
每个信号导体对应配置有两个接地导体,位于它的两边,设置在绝缘基板的表面上。当然,在其它实施例中,每个差分信号对还可以仅配备一对接地导体,此种情况下,可以将接地导体设计为嵌入式的结构,贯通绝缘基板即可。或者仅在差分信号对的一边设置接地导体,在其它实施例中,接地导体之间还可以不必电联接,或者它们之间还可以通过在绝缘基板内设导通件来电联接。
在其它实施例中,转接信号导体以及转接接地导体还可以是由设在绝缘基板上的导线形成,其仅需要具备导电的特性即可,具体安装形式不受限制。
上述实施例中,一个接触模块的绝缘基板上仅设置了一个差分信号对以及与之匹配的接地导体,但是在其它实施例中,所述绝缘基板上的差分信号对和接地导体还可以设计两套以上,使他们沿与其插接方向垂直的方向间隔布置即可。
在本实施例中,端部连接器为差分连接器,端部连接器包括壳体和端部接触件,在本实施例中,壳体为矩形的绝缘壳体,当然,在其它实施例中,壳体的形状还可以根据需要为其它的任意形状,其材质还可以为金属,此种情况下,接触件通过另设的绝缘体安装在壳体中即可。端部接触件如图4所示,包括端部信号导体101和端部接地导体102,端部信号导体101和端部接地导体102均是压装在壳体上,当然,在其它实施例中,端部信号导体101还可以采用焊接、铆接、注塑封装,甚至螺纹连接等方式安装在壳体上,具体可根据实际需要选择,另外,端部信号导体101和端部接地导体102的尾部还分别设有鱼眼结构。
端部连接器的差分信号对是通过两个端部信号导体101形成,此处设定形成差分信号对的两端部信号导体101沿上下分布,设定差分信号对的插接方向为前后方向,则端部接地导体102的插接部位于差分信号对的左、右两侧处。结合图4可以看出,在本实施例中,构成同一差分模块的接触件可以从大的方面分为两部分,此处以上文中定义的方向为参考,可以看出一部分在上,另一部分在下,二者之间形成了对称结构。每一部分均是由一个端部信号导体101和一个端部接地导体102构成,其中端部接地导体102的根部,即用于与壳体配合的部分与端部信号导体101的根部上下层叠,端部接地导体102的插接部发散出两个接地触臂1020,两接地触臂1020之间间隔设置,端部信号导体101的前端具有信号触臂1010,信号触臂1010位于对应的端部接地导体的接地触臂之间的位置处。两部分一起实际上形成了三个插口,分别为一对信号触臂之间的插口以及两对接地触臂之间的插口。
图5显示了本实施例中电连接器组件的大偏移插合原理。由图可知,两个连接器水平方向偏移量为△2,则在连接器插合处偏移量为△1,转接连接器的接触单元的长度为H,在标称堆叠高度情况下接触单元端部至连接器空口距离为h,根据相似三角形原理,则:△1/△2 = h/H。从而通过结构上的巧妙设计减小了产品对插时的实际偏移量。
设定连接器与接触件组件的插接方向为三轴坐标系的Z方向,则图6示出了电连接器组件在X方向偏移插拔的状态,图7示出了电连接器组件在Y方向偏移插拔的示意图;由图可知,电连接器组件在X、Y方向偏移的情况下,依然是可以可靠接触的。
图8示出了电连接器组件在正常插合、X/Y向偏移插合插入损耗仿真,图9示出了电连接器组件在正常插合、X/Y向偏移插合回波损耗仿真,由图可知,仿真结果表明,采用本实施例的结构,电连接器组件在X/Y向偏移插合插入损耗以及在X/Y向偏移插合回波损耗均与正常插合时相符,证明本实施例的结构达到了预期的效果。
此处需要特别强调的是,虽然本实施例中的端部连接器为差分连接器,但是在其它实施例中,端部连接器还可以为普通的电源连接器,如插孔连接器、插针连接器等;在本实施例中,第一连接器的结构与第二连接器的结构相同,但是在其它实施例中,二者根据需要还可以采用不同的结构。
以上实施例中,转接连接器的接触单元为印制板结构,在其他实施方式中,如图10~14所示,可以为其他结构。如图10~11所示,接触单元包括绝缘基板301,差分接触单元的两信号导体分设于绝缘基板301的两侧板面,在绝缘基板301的两侧板面上分别在信号导体的两侧设有接地导体,通过接地导体实现对信号导体的屏蔽。信号导体和接地导体均嵌装在绝缘基板内,且从绝缘基板的两侧面露出。该方式并非为印制板结构,但与印制板结构相同的是构成差分对的两信号导体均为窄边耦合。或如图12~14所示,接触单元包括绝缘基板301,差分接触单元的信号导体设置在绝缘基板301内,绝缘基板301上在构成差分对的两信号导体并排方向的两侧分别设有接地导体,此时,两差分对通过宽边耦合。
图15~16示出了采用以上两种非印制板结构的接触单元时转接连接器的装配方式。壳体内设有安装孔311,安装孔的内腔大于接触模块以满足接触模块的浮动,安装孔311的两端孔口四角位置设有径向向内的凸角312,凸角312构成防脱结构对其内安装的接触模块进行挡止防脱。
另外需要说明的是,转接连接器的接触模块在安装在壳体内时,安装孔两端的防脱结构可以在插接方向上无容差的对接触模块进行限位,此时,接触模块不能在插接方向发生位移,由于通过转接连接器转接时,其与两端的端部连接器之间的插接偏差基本在毫米以内,因此,即使接触模块不能在插接方向上发生位移也能通过局部细微变形实现;或者也可以在插接方向上小容差的对接触模块进行限位,此时接触模块可以在插接方向发生位移。
连接器组件的结构如图17所示,其与实施例1的不同之处在于:其为背板架构,转接连接器同样为直式转接连接器3,但两端部连接器的一个为直式板端连接器、另一个为弯式板端连接器,而两印制板则为设置于直式板端连接器的相应端部的背板印制板4,另一个为设置于弯式板端连接器相应端部的子板印制板,两印制板正交布置。
或者连接器组件的结构如图18所示,其与实施例1的不同之处在于:其为平行板架构,转接连接器同样为直式转接连接器,但两端部连接器的均为弯式板端连接器,两弯式板端连接器的背离转接连接器的一端分别焊接有印制板,两印制板平行布置。
再或者连接器组件的结构如图19所示,其与实施例1的不同之处在于:其为正交板架构,转接连接器同样为直式转接连接器,两端部连接器均为弯式板端连接器,为第一弯式板端连接器和第二弯式板端连接器,两弯式板端连接器的背离转接连接器的一端分别焊接有印制板,即第一印制板和第二印制板,此处的第一印制板和第二印制板正交布置,以使得整个连接器组件呈正交架构。

Claims (10)

1.一种电连接器组件,其特征是,包括第一连接器、第二连接器以及用于连接第一、第二连接器的转接连接器,转接连接器包括壳体以及安装在壳体内的至少一个接触单元,接触单元具有分别用于与第一、第二连接器的接触件进行插接的两插接端,壳体上设有用于将接触单元限制在其内部而防止接触单元在插接方向上脱出壳体的防脱结构,接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在垂直于插接方向上发生位移。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,所述接触单元可在插接方向上发生位移。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,所述接触单元为差分接触单元,第一、第二连接器的接触件与差分接触单元相匹配。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,所述接触单元包括绝缘基板,差分接触单元的两信号导体分设于绝缘基板的两侧板面。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,绝缘基板的两侧板面上还分别在信号导体的两侧设有接地导体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,所述接触单元为印制板结构,印制板的板体构成所述绝缘基板,印制板两侧面的走线分别构成绝缘基板两侧面的信号导体和接地导体,印制板两侧面的走线在印制板边缘位置结束而构成插接端。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,印制板两侧面相对的接地走线通过贯通印制板两侧面的隔离孔电联接。
8.根据权利要求3所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,所述接触单元包括绝缘体,差分接触单元的信号导体设置在绝缘体上,绝缘体上在构成差分对的两信号导体并排方向的两侧分别设有接地导体。
9.根据权利要求1-8任意一项所述的电连接器组件,其特征是,所述接触单元自成模块,转接连接器壳体内设置有多个沿插接方向延伸的安装孔,各个接触模块对应安装在安装孔内,安装孔的内腔大于接触模块以满足接触模块的浮动,所述防脱结构设置在安装孔的两端孔口位置。
10.一种转接连接器,其特征是,包括壳体以及安装在壳体内的至少一个接触单元,接触单元具有分别用于与第一、第二连接器的接触件进行插接的两插接端,壳体上设有用于将接触单元限制在其内部而防止接触单元在插接方向上脱出壳体的防脱结构,接触单元浮动安装在壳体内以可在插接方向以及垂直于插接方向上发生位移。
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