CN109568636A - 一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109568636A
CN109568636A CN201811511343.9A CN201811511343A CN109568636A CN 109568636 A CN109568636 A CN 109568636A CN 201811511343 A CN201811511343 A CN 201811511343A CN 109568636 A CN109568636 A CN 109568636A
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polyurethane foam
foam dressing
prepolymer
diisocyanate
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陈兆彬
饶尚锦
李金歌
王杰
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Changchun A&z Science Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料及其制备方法，属于高分子材料加工的技术领域。该泡沫敷料按照重量份数计，包括：聚氨酯预聚物60‑70份，表面活性剂6‑8份，发泡剂2‑4份，壳聚糖0.5‑3份，纯化水100‑150份；所述的聚氨酯预聚物是由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂反应后得到的；所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物。本发明通过聚氨酯预聚物、表面活性剂、发泡剂和壳聚糖的共同作用，各组分之间发挥协同增效作用，使得到的聚氨酯敷料抗菌性能良好，且具有长效抗菌的特点。

Description

一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料加工的技术领域，具体涉及一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚合物发泡材料具有质量轻、保温隔热、降噪、吸收冲击能量等特性，已在日常生活和工农业生产中广泛使用。随着高科技发展，国防、军工、航空航天等使用环境苛刻的领域，需要泡沫材料具有耐高温、耐腐蚀、高机械强度等性能，因此开发高性能泡沫材料成为重要研究方向。
聚氨酯泡沫敷料既有粘性又有吸水性，在吸收体液的同时能保持一定的粘性，因此被广泛的应用，现有的聚氨酯敷料抗菌性能差且不能保持持久，不能满足实际需要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有的聚氨酯泡沫敷料抗菌性能差且不能保持持久的问题，而提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料及其制备方法。
本发明首先提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，按照重量份数计，包括：
聚氨酯预聚物60-70份，表面活性剂6-8份，发泡剂2-4份，壳聚糖0.5-3份，纯化水100-150份；
所述的聚氨酯预聚物是由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂反应后得到的；
所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物。
优选的是，所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠或十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
优选的是，所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，按照重量份数计，包括：
聚氨酯预聚物65份，表面活性剂7份，发泡剂3份，壳聚糖2份，纯化水120份。
优选的是，所述的聚氨酯预聚物的制备方法，包括：
步骤一：将聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯反应，得到第一预聚物；
步骤二：将第一聚物和扩链剂反应，得到第二预聚物；
步骤三：将第二预聚物和催化剂反应，得到聚氨酯预聚物。
优选的是，所述的聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂的质量比为(30-40)：(10-20)：(2-5)：(1-3)。
优选的是，所述的的二异氰酸酯异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
优选的是，所述的扩链剂为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸。
优选的是，所述的催化剂优选为辛酸亚锡或二丁基锡二月桂酸酯。
本发明还提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备方法，包括：
将表面活性剂、发泡剂、壳聚糖和纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
优选的是，所述的高速搅拌的转速为900-1000转/分，搅拌时间为5-8min。
本发明的有益效果
本发明首先提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，按照重量份数计，包括：聚氨酯预聚物60-70份，表面活性剂6-8份，发泡剂2-4份，壳聚糖0.5-3份，纯化水100-150份；所述的聚氨酯预聚物是由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂反应后得到的；所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物。本发明通过聚氨酯预聚物、表面活性剂、发泡剂和壳聚糖的共同作用，各组分之间发挥协同增效作用，使得到的聚氨酯敷料抗菌性能良好，且具有长效抗菌的特点。
具体实施方式
本发明首先提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，按照重量份数计，包括：
聚氨酯预聚物60-70份，表面活性剂6-8份，发泡剂2-4份，壳聚糖0.5-3份，纯化水100-150份；优选为聚氨酯预聚物65份，表面活性剂7份，发泡剂3份，壳聚糖2份，纯化水120份。
所述的聚氨酯预聚物是由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂反应后得到的；
所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物。
按照本发明，所述的表面活性剂优选为十二烷基硫酸钠或十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
按照本发明，所述的聚氨酯预聚物的制备方法，包括：
步骤一：将聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯反应，得到第一预聚物；
步骤二：将第一聚物和扩链剂反应，得到第二预聚物；
步骤三：将第二预聚物和催化剂反应，得到聚氨酯预聚物。
按照本发明，在氮气保护下，将聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯加入反应装置，升温至90-95℃，聚合3～5小时后，得到第一预聚物；所述的聚醚多元醇的数均分子量优选为5000-6000道尔顿，所述的聚醚多元醇优选为聚四氢呋喃二元醇，按照本发明，所述的二异氰酸酯优选为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
按照本发明，将扩链剂加入到上述第一预聚物中反应，所述的反应温度优选为70-90℃，反应时间优选为2～3小时，得到第二预聚物；所述的扩链剂优选为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸。
按照本发明，将催化剂加入到上述第二预聚物中反应，所述的反应温度优选为70-90℃，反应时间优选为2～3小时，得到聚氨酯预聚物；所述的催化剂优选为辛酸亚锡或二丁基锡二月桂酸酯。
按照本发明，所述的聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂的质量比为(30-40)：(10-20)：(2-5)：(1-3)，更优选为35：15：3：2。
本发明还提供一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备方法，包括：
将表面活性剂、发泡剂、壳聚糖和纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。所述的高速搅拌的转速优选为900-1000转/分，搅拌时间优选为5-8min。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的说明，实施例中涉及到的原料均为商购获得。
实施例1聚氨酯预聚物的制备
在氮气保护下，将35g聚四氢呋喃二醇(数均分子量为5000道尔顿)和15g2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯加入反应装置，升温至92℃，聚合4小时后，得到第一预聚物；
将3g2,2-二羟甲基丙酸加入到上述第一预聚物中在90℃，反应2.5小时，得到第二预聚物；
将2g辛酸亚锡加入到上述第二预聚物中在80℃，反应2.5小时，得到聚氨酯预聚物。
实施例2聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备
将6g十二烷基硫酸钠、2g发泡剂(二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物)、0.5g壳聚糖和100g纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和60g实施例1制备得到的聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，转速为900转/分，搅拌时间为8min，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
实施例3聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备
将7g十二烷基硫酸钠、3g发泡剂(二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物)、2g壳聚糖和120g纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和65g实施例1制备得到的聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，转速为950转/分，搅拌时间为6min，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
实施例4聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备
将8g十二烷基硫酸钠、4g发泡剂(二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物)、3g壳聚糖和150g纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和70g实施例1制备得到的聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，转速为1000转/分，搅拌时间为5min，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
对比例1
将7g十二烷基硫酸钠、3g发泡剂二氯甲烷、2g壳聚糖和120g纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和65g实施例1制备得到的聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，转速为950转/分，搅拌时间为6min，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
对比例2
将7g十二烷基硫酸钠、3g发泡剂四氢呋喃、2g壳聚糖和120g纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和65g实施例1制备得到的聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，转速为950转/分，搅拌时间为6min，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
对比例3
将7g十二烷基硫酸钠、3g发泡剂石油醚、2g壳聚糖和120g纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和65g实施例1制备得到的聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，转速为950转/分，搅拌时间为6min，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
将实施例2-4及对比例1-3得到的聚氨酯泡沫敷料进行抗菌性能测试，结果如表1所示：
表1
项目 大肠杆菌抗菌率 金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率 白色念珠菌抗菌率 抗菌周期(天)
实施例2 95％ 92％ 90％ 5天
实施例3 97％ 95％ 92％ 5天
实施例4 95％ 92％ 91％ 5天
对比例1 85％ 82％ 80％ 2天
对比例2 88％ 85％ 81％ 3天
对比例3 86％ 83％ 82％ 2天

Claims (10)

1.一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，按照重量份数计，包括：
聚氨酯预聚物60-70份，表面活性剂6-8份，发泡剂2-4份，壳聚糖0.5-3份，纯化水100-150份；
所述的聚氨酯预聚物是由聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂反应后得到的；
所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和石油醚按照质量比为2：2：6组成的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠或十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，按照重量份数计，包括：
聚氨酯预聚物65份，表面活性剂7份，发泡剂3份，壳聚糖2份，纯化水120份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的聚氨酯预聚物的制备方法，包括：
步骤一：将聚醚多元醇和二异氰酸酯反应，得到第一预聚物；
步骤二：将第一聚物和扩链剂反应，得到第二预聚物；
步骤三：将第二预聚物和催化剂反应，得到聚氨酯预聚物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的聚醚多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂的质量比为(30-40)：(10-20)：(2-5)：(1-3)。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的的二异氰酸酯异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的扩链剂为2,2-二羟甲基丙酸或2,2-二羟甲基丁酸。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料，其特征在于，所述的催化剂优选为辛酸亚锡或二丁基锡二月桂酸酯。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
将表面活性剂、发泡剂、壳聚糖和纯化水混合，得到混合物，然后将上述混合物和聚氨酯预聚物混合，高速搅拌，得到多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种多功能聚氨酯泡沫敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的高速搅拌的转速为900-1000转/分，搅拌时间为5-8min。
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CN112281494A (zh) * 2020-10-21 2021-01-29 江苏海洋大学 一种封闭型聚氨酯预聚物在制备纤维素基功能敷料中的应用
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CN113713163A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2021-11-30 武汉理工大学 亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法
CN116178670A (zh) * 2023-04-28 2023-05-30 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 医用敷料泡沫用聚氨酯组合料及其制备方法

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