CN113713163A - 亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113713163A
CN113713163A CN202111054701.XA CN202111054701A CN113713163A CN 113713163 A CN113713163 A CN 113713163A CN 202111054701 A CN202111054701 A CN 202111054701A CN 113713163 A CN113713163 A CN 113713163A
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hydrophilic polyurethane
polyether polyol
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樊李红
魏浩杰
谢益思
刘爽
周小虎
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
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    • A61L15/20Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing organic materials
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    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
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    • A61L2300/00Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
    • A61L2300/40Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法,它的原料包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1‑0.5份的胺类催化剂、0.1‑0.7份的锌类催化剂、1.2‑3.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1‑6份的水、1‑15份的发泡剂、1‑10份的海藻酸钠、1‑10份的透明质酸、1‑10份的壳聚糖和35‑65份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。将聚醚多元醇、胺类催化剂、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、发泡剂、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀;将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,熟化,脱模。该敷料具有多孔结构,对液体有较大的吸收容量,保温,吸水,保湿能力较强的特点,其提供有利于伤口愈合的微环境。

Description

亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用材料领域,具体涉及一种亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法。
背景技术
科技的发展使得人们对医用敷料的要求不断提高,传统敷料如纱布,棉花等容易滋生细菌,创面渗出液易与干燥真皮组织一起形成痂皮,妨碍上皮化,同时创面易与敷料粘连,换药揭开时会对患者带来二次创伤,因此发明一种新型伤口敷料意义重大。
由于聚氨酯材料具有优良的生物安全性,无致畸变作用,无过敏反应,优良的抗凝血性能,毒性试验符合医用要求,优良的韧性和弹性,加工性能好,加工方式多样等诸多优点,使得聚氨酯材料以薄膜,水凝胶,泡沫等方式在伤口敷料上被广泛应用。
聚氨酯海绵由于聚醚多元醇的特性,一般不具有亲水性,甚至具有疏水性,为了改变这种情况,一般可以通过添加亲水助剂和使用改性多元醇两种手段。医用敷料有接触血液和体液的风险,因此对亲水助剂溶出的安全性要求很高,并且对吸水速率也有一定的要求。目前市面上的聚氨酯类敷料大多使用改性聚醚,而很少使用天然高分子类的亲水助剂,市场存在一定的空白。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种亲水性聚氨酯敷料及其制备方法,该敷料具有多孔结构,对液体有较大的吸收容量,保温,吸水,保湿能力较强的特点,其提供有利于伤口愈合的微环境;此外,本敷料质地柔软,患者使用较舒适。
为实现上述目的,本发明所设计一种亲水性聚氨酯敷料,所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的原料按重量份数比计包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1-0.5份的胺类催化剂、0.1-0.7份的锌类催化剂、1.2-3.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1-6份的水、1-15份的发泡剂、1-10份的海藻酸钠、1-10份的透明质酸、1-10份的壳聚糖和35-65份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
进一步地,所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的原料按重量份数比计包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1-0.3份的胺类催化剂、0.1-0.5份的锌类催化剂、1.2-2.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1-3份的水、6-12份的发泡剂、1-10份的海藻酸钠、1-10份的透明质酸、1-10份的壳聚糖和35-50份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
再进一步地,所述的聚醚多元醇的羟值为60~120mg KOH/g,分子量为2800~5500。
再进一步地,所述发泡剂为二氯甲烷或环戊烷。
再进一步地,所述胺类催化剂如三乙烯二胺、乙二胺、三乙胺、三乙醇胺和己二胺中任意一种或多种。
再进一步地,所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的原料按重量份数比计包括羟值为63mgKOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为87mg KOH/g,分子量为3400的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为112mg KOH/g,分子量为2800的聚醚多元醇40份,三乙烯二胺0.2份,锌类催化剂0.3份,有机硅匀泡剂1.5份,水1.5份,环戊烷10份,海藻酸钠6份,透明质酸4份,壳聚糖8份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯40份。
本发明还提供了一种上述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比计包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1-0.5份的胺类催化剂、0.1-0.7份的锌类催化剂、1.2-3.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1-6份的水、1-15份的发泡剂、1-10份的海藻酸钠、1-10份的透明质酸、1-10份的壳聚糖和35-65份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、胺类催化剂、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、发泡剂、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明选用多种聚醚多元醇的选择和复配,使得聚氨酯敷料具有较好的亲水性
(2)本发明所用凝胶类催化剂取代常规锡类催化剂,安全无毒
(3)本发明保湿剂的添加增强了敷料的吸水保湿性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述,以便本领域技术人员理解。
实施例1
亲水性聚氨酯敷料1的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比称取羟值为63mg KOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇50份,羟值为87mg KOH/g,分子量为3400的聚醚多元醇50份,三乙烯二胺0.4份,锌类催化剂0.5份,有机硅匀泡剂2.5份,水5份,环戊烷10份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯55份,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、三乙烯二胺、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、三乙烯二胺、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料1。
实施例2
亲水性聚氨酯敷料2的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比称取羟值为63mg KOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为87mg KOH/g,分子量为3400的聚醚多元醇70份,己二胺剂0.2份,锌类催化剂0.4份,有机硅匀泡剂2份,水5份,二氯甲烷8份,海藻酸钠8份,透明质酸8份,壳聚糖6份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯55份,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、己二胺剂、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、二氯甲烷、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料2。
实施例3
亲水性聚氨酯敷料3的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比称取羟值为63mg KOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇50份,羟值为112mg KOH/g,分子量为2800的聚醚多元醇50份,乙二胺0.3份,锌类催化剂0.2份,有机硅匀泡剂1.5份,水5份,环戊烷10份,海藻酸钠8份,透明质酸4份,壳聚糖5份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯45份,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、乙二胺、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、环戊烷、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料3。
实施例4
亲水性聚氨酯敷料4的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比称取羟值为63mg KOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为112mg KOH/g,分子量为2800的聚醚多元醇70份,三乙醇胺0.3份,锌类催化剂0.4份,有机硅匀泡剂1.5份,水3.5份,二氯甲烷10份,海藻酸钠6份,透明质酸3份,壳聚糖5,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯55份,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、三乙醇胺、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、二氯甲烷、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料4。
实施例5
亲水性聚氨酯敷料5的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比称取羟值为87mg KOH/g,分子量为3400的聚醚多元醇50份,羟值为112mg KOH/g,分子量为2800的聚醚多元醇50份,三乙胺0.3份,锌类催化剂0.2份,有机硅匀泡剂2.5份,水2.5份,二氯甲烷15份,海藻酸钠8份,透明质酸8份,壳聚糖6份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯40份,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、三乙胺、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、二氯甲烷、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料5。
实施例6
亲水性聚氨酯敷料6的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比称取羟值为63mg KOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为87mg KOH/g,分子量为3400的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为112mg KOH/g,分子量为2800的聚醚多元醇40份,三乙烯二胺0.2份,锌类催化剂0.3份,有机硅匀泡剂1.5份,水1.5份,环戊烷10份,海藻酸钠6份,透明质酸4份,壳聚糖8份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯40份,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、三乙烯二胺、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、环戊烷、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料6。
对实施例1~6制备的亲水性聚氨酯敷料1~6进行抗菌性、细胞毒性和开孔率进行测试:
1.吸水保水性能测试
Figure BDA0003254130760000061
2.细胞毒性测试
Figure BDA0003254130760000062
3.抗菌性测试
Figure BDA0003254130760000063
实施例1~6制备的亲水性聚氨酯敷料1~6与现有市售产品对比,各项性能明显优于市售产品,其中,亲水性聚氨酯敷料6的效果最好。
其它未详细说明的部分均为现有技术。尽管上述实施例对本发明做出了详尽的描述,但它仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,人们还可以根据本实施例在不经创造性前提下获得其他实施例,这些实施例都属于本发明保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种亲水性聚氨酯敷料,其特征在于:所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的原料按重量份数比计包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1-0.5份的胺类催化剂、0.1-0.7份的锌类催化剂、1.2-3.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1-6份的水、1-15份的发泡剂、1-10份的海藻酸钠、1-10份的透明质酸、1-10份的壳聚糖和35-65份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料,其特征在于:所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的原料按重量份数比计包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1-0.3份的胺类催化剂、0.1-0.5份的锌类催化剂、1.2-2.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1-3份的水、6-12份的发泡剂、1-10份的海藻酸钠、1-10份的透明质酸、1-10份的壳聚糖和35-50份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料,其特征在于:所述的聚醚多元醇的羟值为60~120mg KOH/g,分子量为2800~5500。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料,其特征在于:所述发泡剂为二氯甲烷或环戊烷。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料,其特征在于:所述胺类催化剂如三乙烯二胺、乙二胺、三乙胺、三乙醇胺和己二胺中任意一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料,其特征在于:所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的原料按重量份数比计包括羟值为63mg KOH/g,分子量为5100的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为87mg KOH/g,分子量为3400的聚醚多元醇30份,羟值为112mg KOH/g,分子量为2800的聚醚多元醇40份,三乙烯二胺0.2份,锌类催化剂0.3份,有机硅匀泡剂1.5份,水1.5份,环戊烷10份,海藻酸钠6份,透明质酸4份,壳聚糖8份,二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯40份。
7.一种权利要求1所述亲水性聚氨酯敷料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)按重量份数比计包括100份的聚醚多元醇、0.1-0.5份的胺类催化剂、0.1-0.7份的锌类催化剂、1.2-3.5份的有机硅匀泡剂、1-6份的水、1-15份的发泡剂、1-10份的海藻酸钠、1-10份的透明质酸、1-10份的壳聚糖和35-65份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,备用;
2)将聚醚多元醇、胺类催化剂、锌类催化剂、有机硅匀泡剂、水、发泡剂、海藻酸钠、透明质酸和壳聚糖机械搅拌混合均匀,得到白料;
3)将二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯倒入白料,机械搅拌混合均匀,倒入模具发泡,80℃熟化24小时,脱模,得到亲水性聚氨酯敷料。
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